所属成套资源:2023中考英语一轮复习学案原卷版+解析版
【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第二十四讲 阅读理解之议论文(原卷版+解析版)
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这是一份【中考一轮复习】2023年中考英语复习学案——第二十四讲 阅读理解之议论文(原卷版+解析版),文件包含中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第二十讲完形填空之说明文解析版doc、中考一轮复习2023年中考英语复习学案第二十讲完形填空之说明文原卷版doc等2份学案配套教学资源,其中学案共24页, 欢迎下载使用。
考点分析
命题特点分析:
1. 开头点题。说明文类完形填空中,作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象,这是掌握说明细节的前提。
2. 结构清晰。说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序,对于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系,选择正确答案具有重要意义。
3. 难度较大。说明文往往采用比较正式的文体,表述准确严谨,生词术语较多,句子较长,结构较为复杂。
4. 说明文一般采用简练的语言,按一定的方法介绍事物的类别、性质、特点、构造、成因、关系或事物的运动变化、发展的过程及其规律。
5. 说明文十分讲究条理性,一般采取时间顺序、空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认知顺序来说明事物或事理。
知识梳理
1. 快速弄清文章大意。
对于此类文章我们结合选择项,进行粗读或略读,对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多,而题材又比较广泛,所以阅读时,首先要能够掌握文章的大意。
2. 弄清楚说明的顺序。
把握了说明顺序,就能准确把握文章的脉络,加强对整篇文章的理解。
3. 把握文章的组织结构,理清事实细节。
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时,我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾,从主题句着手,找出支持句,然后寻找文章的结论。这时,我们还要特别注意,不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑,我们在理解细节的基础上,还要斟酌文字的内涵意义,从而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4. 注重上下文语境
应逐句精读短文,逐题分析选项,对特定的语境作深入的理解,克服"思维定势",根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
5. 熟练做题方法,遵循四个原则:
(1)上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发,从大处着手,避免孤立地分析每一空格,造成误选。
(2)语法正确。从语法的角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。
(3)逻辑合理。在完形填空题中,逻辑推理非常重要,有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确,但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。
(4)符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多,需要熟练掌握,才能做好此类题目。
三年中考真题
A
(2022·江西·中考)
Sit With Us
Yu’re at yur new schl. It’s lunch time, but yu dn’t have anyne t sit with. Yu want t jin smene at their table, ___1___ yu’re nt sure if they’re friendly. What d yu d? Natalie’s ___2___ f slving the prblem was t create an app. She knws what it feels like t be alne at a new schl. She fund it difficult t make new friends and had t ___3___ a new table at lunch every day. If she sat ___4___, she felt lnely. But if she asked t jin smene and was ___5___, she felt embarrassed. She created a lunch-planning app t help students like ___6___ find peple t have lunch with.
The app — called Sit With Us — is ___7___. If a student is having lunch in the afternn, he r she can create an invitatin. Other students can pen the app and ___8___ that invitatin. They can then use the app t decide when and where t ___9___. This allws students t make ___10___ nline instead f face-t-face. This is the reasn why it wrks s ___11___: it lwers the risk f being refused, and the embarrassment that ges alng with it.
Natalie is ___12___ t see that peple are replying t her app actively — especially thse wh suffer frm bullying (遭受欺凌). Sn after she made her app available t the public, she wn a prize fr it. She ___13___ appeared in many news stries.
Natalie was even asked t speak at a university. In her ___14___, Natalie wanted peple t knw that yu dn’t have t d smething ___15___ t change lives. Smetimes, a simple thing — like having a friend t enjy lunch with — can make all the difference.
1.A.sB.rC.frD.but
2.A.habitB.curseC.methdD.questin
3.A.search frB.fix upC.give utD.get away frm
4.A.n timeB.in a hurryC.by herselfD.in public
5.A.calledB.refusedC.discussedD.believed
6.A.usB.itC.herD.them
7.A.cheapB.simpleC.privateD.nisy
8.A.missB.makeC.sendD.accept
9.A.stpB.studyC.meetD.exercise
10.A.plansB.trubleC.reprtsD.dinner
11.A.lateB.wellC.hardD.ludly
12.A.upsetB.srryC.happyD.angry
13.A.alsB.justC.stillD.seldm
14.A.bkB.talkC.schlD.picture
15.A.bigB.newC.similarD.enjyable
【答案】
D 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.D
9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.A
【导语】本文主要介绍了纳塔利制作了一个名为“Sit With Us”的软件来帮助学生们找到一起吃午饭的人。
1.句意:你想和某人同桌,但你不确定他们是否友好。
s因此;r否则;fr为了;but但是。“想要与某人坐一张桌子”与“不确定他们是否友好”之间是转折关系,用but表转折。故选D。
2.句意:纳塔利解决这个问题的方法是创建一个应用程序。
habit习惯;curse课程;methd方法;questin问题。根据“t create an app”可知这是解决问题的方法。故选C。
3.句意:她发现很难交到新朋友,每天午餐时都得找新桌子。
search fr寻找;fix up修理;give ut分发;get away frm逃离。根据“She fund it difficult t make new friends”可知交不到朋友,吃午餐要找没人的新桌子。故选A。
4.句意:如果她一个人坐着,她会感到孤独。
n time准时;in a hurry匆忙;by herself独自;in public公开地,当众。根据“she felt lnely”可知感到孤独应是独自坐着。故选C。
5.句意:但如果她请求加入别人而被拒绝,她会感到尴尬。
called打电话;refused拒绝;discussed讨论;believed相信。根据“she felt embarrassed”可推出想要加入别人但被拒绝了。故选B。
6.句意:她创建了一个午餐计划应用程序,帮助像她这样的学生找到一起吃午餐的人。
us我们;it它;her她;them他们。根据上文多次提到“she”可推出是像她一样的学生。故选C。
7.句意:这款名为Sit With Us的应用程序很简单。
cheap便宜的;simple简单的;private私人的;nisy喧闹的。根据“This allws students t make ... nline instead f face-t-face.”可知这款应用程序很简单。故选B。
8.句意:其他学生可以打开应用程序并接受邀请。
miss错过;make制作;send发送;accept接受。根据“They can then use the app t decide when and where t ...”可知接受了邀请才有确定时间和地点的可能。故选D。
9.句意:然后,他们可以使用该应用程序来决定见面的时间和地点。
stp停止;study学习;meet见面;exercise锻炼。根据“find peple t have lunch with”可知一起吃午餐需要见面。故选C。
10.句意:这使得学生可以在网上制定计划,而不是面对面。
plans计划;truble麻烦;reprts报告;dinner晚餐。根据“They can then use the app t decide when and where t ...”可知此处指在网上制定计划。故选A。
11.句意:这就是它如此有效的原因:它降低了被拒绝的风险,以及随之而来的尴尬。
late晚;well好;hard努力地;ludly大声地。根据“it lwers the risk f being refused, and the embarrassment that ges alng with it”可知这款软件很好。故选B。
12.句意:纳塔利很高兴看到人们积极回复她的应用程序,尤其是那些遭受欺凌的人。
upset难过的;srry对不起的;happy高兴的;angry生气的。根据“peple are replyiher app actively — especially thse wh suffer frm bullying”可知软件受欢迎纳塔利很高兴。故选C。
13.句意:她也出现在许多新闻报道中。
als也;just仅仅;still依旧;seldm极少。根据“Sn after she made her app available t the public, she wn a prize fr it.”可知赢得了奖项,也出现在新闻报道中。故选A。
14.句意:在她的演讲中,娜塔莉想让人们知道,你不必做什么大事来改变生活。
bk书;talk演讲;schl学校;picture画作。根据“Natalie was even asked t speak at a university.”可知要演讲。故选B。
15.句意:在她的演讲中,纳塔利想让人们知道,你不必做什么大事来改变生活。
big大的;new新的;similar相似的;enjyable令人愉快的。根据“Smetimes, a simple thing — like having a friend t enjy lunch with — can make all the difference.”可知不必做什么大事。故选A。
B
(2022·江苏盐城·中考)
Red Packets in Chinese Culture
Giving Hngba (red packets) is a traditin in China. Traditinal red pckets are ften decrated with gld Chinese characters(汉字), such as __16__ and wealth.
Hw red packets are used
During Chinese New Year, __17__ is (are) put inside red packets which are then handed ut t yunger generatins by their parents, grandparents, relatives, and even clse neighburs and friends.
The ___18___
Red represents luck and gd frtune in Chinese culture. That is __19__ red packets are used during Chinese New Year and ther celebratins.
Hw t give and receive
Giving and receiving red packets is a __20__ act. Therefre, red packets are always __21__ and received with bth hands.
Smene wh receives a red packet at Chinese New Year r n his r her birthday shuld nt __22__ it in frnt f the giver. __23__, things are different at a Chinese wedding, where the guests usually give the red packets t the attendants and sign __24__ names n a large scrll ( lng piece f paper). The attendants will pen the packets at nce, __25__ the mney inside, and recrd it n a register(登记簿) next t the guests’ names.
The amunt(数量)
The amunt f mney is relative t yur relatinship t the persn wh receives-the __26__yur relatinship is, the mre mney is expected. Anyway, it is nt the amunt f the mney that matters, but the care and lve yu hld fr thers .
What nt t gift
Certain amunts f mney are t be __27__. Anything with a fur is nt gd because fur sunds similar t __28__ in Chinese. Even numbers(偶数), except fur, are better than dd-as gd things are believed t cme in __29__. Fr example, gifting $20 is better than $21.
The mney inside a red packet shuld __30__ be new. Flding the mney r giving dirty r wrinkled bills is in bad taste.
Hngba is a symbl f lve frm thers, as well as a sign f gd luck.
16.A.praiseB.dreamC.happinessD.advice
17.A.paperB.mneyC.lettersD.ntes
18.A.clurB.sizeC.shapeD.histry
19.A.whenB.whyC.hwD.where
20.A.strangeB.simpleC.smartD.serius
21.A.presentedB.filledC.cveredD.gathered
22.A.watchB.hideC.penD. accept
23.A.MreverB.HweverC.OtherwiseD.Besides
24.A.hisB.theirC.yurD.ur
25.A.cuntB.changeC.chseD.cllect
26.A.wrseB.harderC.clserD.wider
27.A.avidedB.increasedC.affrdedD.returned
28.A.birthB.fearC.deathD.envy
29.A.grupsB.rwsC.teamsD.pairs
30.A.smetimesB.neverC.seldmD.always
【答案】
C 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.D 21.A 22.C 23.B
24.B 25.A 26.C 27.A 28.C 29.D 30.D
【分析】本文是一篇说明文,向我们介绍有关中国红包文化的相关信息。
16.句意:传统的红包通常都装饰着金色汉字,如幸福和财富。
praise赞扬;dream梦想;happiness幸福;advice建议。根据常识可知,红包意味着好的事物,象征着幸福和财富,故选C。
17.句意:在春节期间,钱被放在红包里,然后他们的父母,祖父母,亲戚,甚至是亲密的邻居和朋友把红包发给年轻的一代。
paper纸;mney钱;letters信;ntes笔记。根据常识可知,新年红包里会放钱,故选B。
18.句意:颜色
clur颜色;size尺寸;shape形状;histry历史。根据“Red represents luck and gd frtune in Chinese culture.”可知,本段介绍红包的颜色,故选A。
19.句意:这就是为什么在春节和其他庆祝活动中使用红包的原因。
when何时;why为什么;hw如何;where哪里。分析“That is…red packets are used during Chinese New Year and ther celebratins.”可知,此处强调红包是红色的原因,故选B。
20.句意:收发红包是一种严肃的行为。
strange奇怪的;simple简单的;smart聪明的;serius严肃的。根据“Therefre, red packets are always…and received with bth hands.”给红包和收红包用双手,可知,收发红包是一种严肃的行为,故选D。
21.句意:因此,红包总是用双手来送和收。
presented颁发;filled填满;cvered覆盖;gathered聚集。根据“Therefre, red packets are always…and received with bth hands.”可知,与用双手接红包对应的是用双手送红包,故选A。
22.句意:在春节或生日时收到红包的人不要当着送礼者的面打开。
watch观看;hide隐藏;pen打开;accept接受。此处与后文“The attendants will pen the packets at nce”形成对比,不会马上打开红包,故选C。
23.句意:然而,在中国的婚礼上就不一样了,客人通常会把红包发给服务员,并在一个礼单上签名。
Mrever此外;Hwever然而;Otherwise否则;Besides此外。根据“things are different at a Chinese wedding”可知,两句话构成转折关系,前者不能当着给红包的人拆红包,而婚礼则不一样,故选B。
24.句意:然而,在中国的婚礼上就不一样了,客人通常会把红包发给服务员,并在一个礼单上签名。
his他的;their他们的;yur你的/你们的;ur我们的。此处指参加婚礼的人,“他们的”符合语境,故选B。
25.句意:服务员会立即打开红包,数里面的钱,并把它记录在客人名字旁边的登记簿上。
cunt数;change改变;chse选择;cllect收集。根据“and recrd it n a register”可知,数好钱再把金额登记在册,故选A。
26.句意:钱的多少与你和接受者的关系有关——你们的关系越亲密,期望得到的钱就越多。
wrse更差;harder更难;clser更近;wider更宽。根据“the…yur relatinship is, the mre mney is expected”可知,关系越亲近,给的红包就越大,故选C。
27.句意:特定数额的钱是要避免的。
avided避免;increased增加;affrded买得起;returned归还。根据“Anything with a fur is nt gd”可知,有些数字需要避免,比如含有4的数字。故选A。
28.句意:任何有4的东西都不好,因为4在中文里听起来和死很像。
birth出生;fear害怕;death死亡;envy嫉妒。根据“because fur sunds similar t…in Chinese”和常识可知,4在中文里听起来和死亡很像,故选C。
29.句意:偶数,除了4,都比奇数好,因为人们相信好事成双。
grups组;rws排;teams队;pairs双。根据“Even numbers(偶数), except fur, are better than dd-as gd things are believed t cme in…”可知,人们相信好事成双,故选D。
30.句意:红包里的钱应该是新的。
smetimes有时;never从不;seldm很少;always总是。根据“Flding the mney r giving dirty r wrinkled bills is in bad taste.”把钱折叠或者用皱了的钱不好,可知,红包里的钱应该总是新的,故选D。
C
(2020·江苏苏州·中考)
A Swedish cuple n hliday were traveling arund Italy, and wanted t g t Capri. Capri is an island in the suth f the cuntry,___31___ fr its beautiful castline and a ppular turist destinatin (目的地). The cuple put their destinatin int their car’s GPS (全球定位系统), ___32___ they made a spelling mistake. They ___33___typed CARPI instead f CAPRI. There is a real place called Carpi in Italy, but it is a small twn in the___34___f the cuntry.
The cuple fllwed the GPS directins. Althugh they were traveling t an island, it didn’t___35___them that they didn’t even crss a bridge r see the sea. When they arrived in Carpi, they went t the turist ffice. They asked ___36___ they culd g t the Blue Grtt, a well-knwn sea cave in Capri. Of curse, the ffice wrker there culdn’t ___37___ them. He thught they wanted t g t a ___38___ called the Blue Grtt fr dinner.
When the man realized that the cuple thught they were in Capri, he ___39___ their mistake. The cuple gt back int their car and started driving suth. The ffice wrker said, “They were____40____, but nt angry.”
It was a spelling mistake that tk the cuple 600 kilmetres frm their destinatin.
31.A.suitableB.usefulC.gdD.famus
32.A.andB.sC.rD.but
33.A.slwlyB.carelesslyC.patientlyD.clearly
34.A.nrthB.suthC.eastD.west
35.A.satisfyB.relaxC.wrryD.tuch
36.A.hwB.whereC.whyD.what
37.A.refuseB.cntrlC.dubtD.understand
38.A.museumB.restaurantC.statinD.library
39.A.cntinuedB.acceptedC.explainedD.repeated
40.A.interestedB.surprisedC.excitedD.pleased
【答案】
31.D 32.D 33.B 34.A 35.C 36.A 37.D 38.B 39.C 40.B
【分析】文章大意:本文主要讲一对夫妇在意大利度假,想要去Capri,却因在导航中拼写错地名而去了一个地处相反方向的小镇。
31.句意:卡普里岛是该国南部的一个岛屿,以其美丽的海岸线和著名的旅游目的地而闻名。
suitable合适的;useful有用的;gd好的;famus著名的。根据空后“fr its beautiful castline and a ppular turist destinatin”讲到卡普里岛有美丽的海岸线,且是受欢迎的旅游目的地,可推出此处是说卡普里岛因这些而著名,famus fr以……著名。故选D。
32.句意:这对夫妇把他们的目的地输进了汽车的GPS,但是他们犯了一个拼写错误。
and和;s因此;r否则;but但是。空前讲“把目的地输入汽车GPS”,空后讲“犯了一个拼写错误”,前后句意出现转折,用but符合题意。故选D。
33.句意:他们不小心把CAPRI打成了CARPI。
slwly缓慢地;carelessly粗心地,不小心地;patiently耐心地;clearly清晰地。根据空后“typed CARPI instead f CAPRI”讲到了具体的拼写错误,可知此处是说不小心,用carelessly符合题意。故选B。
34.句意:意大利有个地方叫卡尔皮,但它是意大利北部的一个小镇。
nrth北方;suth南方;east东方;west西方。根据上文“Capri is an island in the suth f the cuntry”讲到卡普里岛在意大利南部,而下文“The cuple gt back int their car and started driving suth.”又讲到这对夫妇意识到错误后开始南行,可推出卡尔皮是在意大利北部,用nrth符合题意。故选A。
35.句意:虽然他们要去一个小岛,但他们甚至没有过桥或看到海也没有使他们担心。
satisfy牺牲;relax放松;wrry(使)担心;tuch触摸。根据题干中“Althugh”引导让步状语从句,可推出此处是说尽管他们要去一个小岛,他们也没有因没过桥或看不到海而担心,用wrry符合题意。故选C。
36.句意:他们问怎么才能去卡普里岛一个有名的海洞——蓝色洞穴。
hw如何;where在哪里;why为什么;what什么。根据空后“they culd g t the Blue Grtt”结合选项可知是问如何去蓝色洞穴,用hw符合题意。故选A。
37.句意:当然,那里的办公室职员听不懂。
refuse拒绝;cntrl控制;dubt怀疑;understand理解。根据下文“He thught they wanted t g t a ____ called the Blue Grtt fr dinner.”可知卡皮尔的工作人员以为他们要找吃饭的地方,由此可推出是不理解他们,用understand符合题意。故选D。
38.句意:他认为他们想去一家叫做“蓝色洞穴”的餐厅吃晚餐。
museum博物馆;restaurant餐厅;statin车站;library图书馆。根据题干中“fr dinner”可知要去餐厅,用restaurant符合题意。故选B。
39.句意:当这名男子意识到这对夫妇以为他们在卡普里岛时,他解释了他们的错误。
cntinued继续;accepted接受;explained解释;repeated重复。根据下文“The cuple gt back int their car and started driving suth.”讲这对夫妇开始南行,可推出工作人员为其解释了他们犯的错误,用explained符合题意。故选C。
40.句意:他们很惊讶,但并不生气。
interested感兴趣的;surprised惊讶的;excited兴奋的;pleasd愉快的。根据上文可知这对夫妇输错了地址,没有到达自己的目的地却没有意识到,工作人员指出他们的错误后他们会很惊讶,用surprised符合题意。故选B。
两年模拟演练
A
(2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考二模)
Custmers in the US spend less mney n Black Friday than previus (以前的) years.
Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving in the US. Thanksgiving is always the furth ____41____ in Nvember.
Black Friday is traditinally the day when the Christmas shpping perid begins. It is usually ne f the ____42____ days f the year fr sellers.
Many sellers ____43____ their prices t encurage shppers t spend their mney. Sme custmers arrive at stres befre they pen, and wait in line fr a chance t buy ____44____ things.
Last year, Americans ____45____ a ttal f $57.4 billin ver the fur days (frm Thursday t Sunday). Hwever, this year, experts think that the amunt will ____46____ t arund $ 50.9 billin.
Black Friday started in the US, but has becme mre ppular in ther ____47____ recently.
Many custmers frm the UK have started spending mre mney n Black Friday, even thugh British peple dn't celebrate Thanksgiving.
Online seller Amazn UK said that Friday was its busiest day ever. Accrding t the ____48____, custmers bught 5.5 millin prducts n Friday, which was arund 64 things per secnd.
Many stres in the UK als ffered cheap ____49____, such as TVs, cffee machines and ther electrnic prducts.
In sme stres shppers _____50_____ t leave the stre, even thugh all f the prducts had already been sld ut.
41.A.MndayB.TuesdayC.WednesdayD.Thursday
42.A.busiestB.cldestC.quietestD.lngest
43.A.raiseB.riseC.reduceD.change
44.A.heavyB.bigC.cheapD.special
45.A.madeB.spentC.tkD.paid
46.A.increaseB.addC.drpD.get
47.A.citiesB.muntainsC.twnsD.cuntries
48.A.websiteB.studyC.stryD.diary
49.A.vegetablesB.prductsC.fruitsD.snacks
50.A.hpedB.decidedC.refusedD.tried
【答案】
41.D 42.A 43.C 44.C 45.B 46.C 47.D 48.A 49.B 50.C
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国的黑色星期五以及美国消费者在黑色星期五的消费比往年要少。
41.句意:感恩节总是十一月的第四个星期四。
Mnday星期一;Tuesday星期二;Wednesday星期三;Thursday星期四。根据“Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving in the US.”可知,感恩节的第二天是星期五,那么,感恩节应该是星期四,故选D。
42.句意:对于卖家来说,这通常是一年中最繁忙的日子之一。
busiest最繁忙的;cldest最寒冷的;quietest最安静的;lngest最长的。根据“Black Friday is traditinally the day when the Christmas shpping perid begins.”可知,圣诞节购物期开始,对卖家来说是最繁忙的,故选A。
43.句意:许多卖家降低价格以鼓励购物者花钱。
raise举起;rise升起;reduce降低;change改变。根据后文“Many stres in the UK als ffered cheap”可知,这里指降价销售,故选C。
44.句意:一些顾客在开店前就到了商店,排队等着有机会买便宜的东西。
heavy重的;big大的;cheap便宜的;special特别的。根据前文卖家降价销售可知,这里指买便宜的东西,故选C。
45.句意:去年,美国人在这四天里总共花费了574亿美元。
made制造;spent花费;tk花费;paid支付。“smebdy spend sme mney”是固定搭配,意为“某人花钱”,故选B。
46.句意:然而,专家们认为,今年这一数额将降至509亿美元左右。
increase增加;add加上;drp下降;get得到。根据前文可知,去年花费了574亿,而今年是509亿,因此今年同去年相比,下降了。故选C。
47.句意:黑色星期五开始于美国,但最近在其他国家变得更加流行。
cities城市;muntains山;twns城镇;cuntries国家。根据前文“Black Friday started in the US”以及后文“Many custmers frm the UK”可知,黑色星期五虽然起源于美国,但在其他国家也流行起来了,故选D。
48.句意:根据该网站的数据,顾客在周五购买了550万件产品,约为每秒64件。
website网站;study研究;stry故事;diary日记。根据前文“Online seller Amazn UK”可知,此处是从亚马逊网站上得到的数据,故选A。
49.句意:英国的许多商店也提供廉价产品,如电视、咖啡机和其他电子产品。
vegetables蔬菜;prducts产品;fruits水果;snacks小吃。根据后文的电视、咖啡机和其他电子产品可知,这里指产品,故选B。
50.句意:在一些商店里,购物者拒绝离开商店,尽管所有的产品都已经卖完了。
hped希望;decided决定;refused拒绝;tried尝试。根据后文“even thugh all f the prducts had already been sld ut.”可知,即使商店的产品卖光了,消费者还是舍不得离开,“refuse t d”是固定搭配,意为“拒绝”,故选C。
B
(2022·山东淄博·统考一模)
COVID - 19 utbreak drives the general public t take measures t prtect themselves. In many Asian cuntries it’s ___51___ t see peple wearing masks (口罩) in public.
Hwever, this practice is almst unheard-f in many Western cuntries.
In many Asian cuntries, peple with clds are ___52___ t wear masks t prevent thers frm getting sick. Sme peple with allergies (过敏症) feel that wearing masks helps them breathe better. Masks have ___53___ becme a fashin accessry (配饰). Sme peple like the mysterius ___54___ masks give them, while thers enjy the feeling f privacy they prvide in public.
Hwever, in mst Western cuntries, masks are nly wrn by hspital wrkers and ___55___. If yu wear ne in public, peple might find it unusual r may wrry that yu have a terrible disease. What’s mre, masks aren’t usually thught as a way t ___56___ illness. Instead, mre attentin is paid n hand washing, and peple wh are sick are encuraged t stay hme.
In additin in ___57___ like France, Italy, and Austria, it is actually against laws t wear a mask in public. The laws try t stp peple frm hiding their faces fr public safety. This is ___58___ wearing a mask wuld make it mre difficult fr the plice t find a criminal. Sme cuntries ___59___ wearing masks nly in high-rick situatins, such as public events r prtests. In thers, wearing a mask anywhere in public culd very well result in a fine (罚款).
As yu can see, masks are treated very ____60____ in Asia and the West. While cultural differences like these are imprtant t avid, we shuld all try t understand and respect each ther n matter what.
51.A.cmmnB.difficultC.specialD.cmfrtable
52.A.refusedB.rememberedC.encuragedD.disagreed
53.A.stillB.alsC.insteadD.yet
54.A.sundB.tasteC.smellD.lk
55.A.patientsB.studentsC.teachersD.players
56.A.develpB.reachC.preventD.find
57.A.villagesB.twnsC.citiesD.cuntries
58.A.althughB.becauseC.unlessD.until
59.A.allwB.acceptC.studyD.believe
60.A.easilyB.imprtantlyC.differentlyD.carefully
【答案】
51.A 52.C 53.B 54.D 55.A 56.C 57.D 58.B 59.A 60.C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲述了中西方国家对待口罩态度的不同及原因。
51.句意:在许多亚洲国家看到人们在公众场合戴着口罩是常见的。
cmmn常见的;difficult困难的;special特殊的;cmfrtable舒服的。根据下句“Hwever, this practice is almst unheard-f in many Western cuntries.”可知,这种做法在许多西方国家几乎闻所未闻,前后句是转折的关系,可见戴口罩在亚洲国家是常见的。故选A。
52.句意:在许多亚洲国家,感冒的人被鼓励戴口罩,以防止其他人生病。
refused拒绝;remembered记忆;encuraged鼓励;disagreed不同意。根据“t prevent thers frm getting sick.”可知,以防止其他人生病,可见感冒患者被鼓励戴口罩。故选C。
53.句意:口罩也已经成为时尚配饰。
still仍然;als也;instead相反;yet还。根据上文“peple with clds are…t wear masks t prevent thers frm getting sick.Sme peple with allergies (过敏症) feel that wearing masks helps them breathe better.”可知,感冒患者与过敏症患者戴口罩,本句als表示递进:口罩也成为时尚配饰,故选B。
54.句意:有些人喜欢口罩给他们带来的神秘外观,而另一些人则喜欢在公共场合带来的隐私感。
sund听起来;taste尝起来;smell闻起来;lk外观。根据“while thers enjy the feeling f privacy they prvide in public.”可知,一些人喜欢口罩带来的隐私感,本句则对应是的是一些人喜欢口罩带来的神秘外观。故选D。
55.句意:然而,在大多数西方国家,只有医院工作人员和病人才戴口罩。
patients病人;students学生;teachers老师;players选手。根据“masks are nly wrn by hspital wrkers and…”可知,和医院工作人员并列的应是病人。故选A。
56.句意:更重要的是,人们通常不认为口罩是阻止疾病的一种方式。
develp发展;reach到达;prevent阻止;find发现。根据“Instead, mre attentin is paid n hand washing, and peple wh are sick are encuraged t stay hme.”可知,他们认为生病了应是洗手、呆在家里,也就是不认为戴口罩可以阻止疾病。故选C。
57.句意:此外,在一些国家像法国、意大利和奥地利,在公共场合戴口罩实际上是违法的。
villages村庄;twns城镇;cities城市;cuntries国家。根据“In additin in…like France, Italy, and Austria,”以及常识可知,法国、意大利和奥地利是国家名称。故选D。
58.句意:这是因为戴着口罩会使警察更难找到罪犯。
althugh尽管;because因为;unless除非;until知道。根据“The laws try t stp peple frm hiding their faces fr public safety. This is…wearing a mask wuld make it mre difficult fr the plice t find a criminal.”可知,“法律试图阻止人们掩面”和“戴着口罩会使警察更难找到罪犯”是因果关系,需用because引到原因状语从句。故选B。
59.句意:一些国家只在公共活动或抗议等高风险情况下才允许戴口罩。
allw允许;accept接受;study学习;believe相信。根据下句“In thers, wearing a mask anywhere in public culd very well result in a fine (罚款).”可知,戴着口罩在公共地方很可能导致罚款,可见,只有在高风险情况下才允许戴口罩。故选A。
60.句意:如你所见,口罩在亚洲和西方的待遇非常不同。
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