所属成套资源:小升初英语词法归纳总结
专题小升初英语复习词法第五讲 数词(带答案)
展开这是一份专题小升初英语复习词法第五讲 数词(带答案),共10页。试卷主要包含了 题型, 分值, 考点范围, 考查重点等内容,欢迎下载使用。
第五讲 数词
1. 题型:单项选择、完形填空、正确形式填空。
2. 分值:1-2分。
3. 考点范围:基数词、序数词的构成、用法。
4. 考查重点:基数词与序数词的构成,时间、年月日等的表达。
一、定义
数词是表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。
二、分类
数词分为基数词和序数词。
(一) 基数词
1. 基数词的定义
基数词表示数目的多少,如one, two, three。
2. 基数词的构成
范围 | 特点 | 例词 |
1~12
| 无规律 | one, two, three, four, five, six,seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve |
13~19 | 以teen为结尾 | thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen |
整十的数 | 以ty结尾 | twenty, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy, eighty, ninety |
几十几的数 | 十位与个位之间要加连字符“-” | twenty-five, sixty-five, ninety-nine |
整百的数 | 1~9加hundred | two hundred, eight hundred, nine hundred |
几百几十几的数 | 百位与十位之间通常用and,十位与个位之间用连字符“-”连接 | three hundred and twenty-five(美语中常将and省略) |
整千的数 | 1~9加thousand | one thousand, two thousand, eight thousand |
千以上的数 | 从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加million(百万),第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion(十亿)。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。 | two thousand six hundred and forty -eight :2,648 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four: 16,250,064 |
3. 基数词的用法
①表示年龄,基数词放在year(s) old之前;表示“几岁大的”:基数词+year+old,中间用连字符“-”连接,例如:an 8-year-old boy 一个8岁的男孩。
【拓展】:复合形容词的构成:基数词+名词单数(+形容词),中间用连字符“-”连接,例如:a two-day holiday 一个两天的假期。
②用来表示人或物的数量,放在名词之前。
【例如】:I have three balls. 我有三个球。
③表示顺序、编号等,放在名词之后,且名词和基数词首字母大写。
(相当于the+序数词+名词)
【例如】:Class Four=the fourth class, Grade Six=the sixth grade
④用来计算、电话号码的表示
【例如】:Two and six is eight. 二加六等于八。
—What’s forty and twenty? 40加20等于多少?
—It’s sixty. 等于60。
My phone number is 13975854678.
⑤基数词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
【例如】:Six and ninety is ninety-six. 6加90等于96。
⑥表示确切的数字时,hundred, thousand, million, billion用单数形式;表示不确切数字时,hundred, thousand, million, billion以复数形式出现并跟of连用,如hundreds of 数以百计的,thousands of 数以千计的
⑦表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用“几十”的复数形式表示。
【例如】:He became a professor in his thirties.
他三十多岁时成为了教授。
⑧时间的表达
A. 顺读法
直接按表上的数字,先读小时再读分钟。整点时间后一般加o’clock,几点零几分,这个零用“o /əʊ/”表示。
【例如】:7:15读作:seven fifteen 8:05读作:eight o five
8:30读作:eight thirty 9:00读作:nine o’clock
B. 逆读法
a. 当分钟数≤30,用“分钟数+past+时钟数”,表示“几点过几分”
【例如】:8:12读作:twelve past eight
9:15读作:fifteen past nine / a quarter past nine
2:30读作:thirty past two / half past two
b. 当分钟数>30,用“(60—分钟数)+to+下一个时钟数”,表示“几点差几分”
【例如】:1:58读作:two to two 5:45读作:fifteen to six / a quarter to six
【注意】:30分钟可用half表示;15分钟可用a quarter表示
【典例】:( ) 1. (2018. 长郡系) He is an________ boy.
A. eight years old B. eight-year-old C. eight-years-old D. eight-years old
解析:本题考查数词的用法。句意为“他是一个八岁大的男孩。”设空处应填“几岁大的”,其形式为:基数词+year+old,中间用连字符“-”连接,故答案为B。
答案:B
( ) 2. (2017. 一中系) Look, _______ are running along the road.
A. hundreds of people B. hundred of people C. hundred people
解析:本题考查数词的用法。句意为“看,数以百计的人们正沿着路跑。”,表示不确切数字时,hundred, thousand, million, billion以复数形式出现并跟of连用,故答案为A。
答案:A
【演练】:
( ) 1. Three and twenty is_________.
A. twenty-three B. twenty-third C. twenty and three
( ) 2. There are six________ students in our school.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
( ) 3. Mary is a ________ girl.
A. twelve-years-old B. twelve years old C. twelve-year-old
(二) 序数词
1. 序数词的定义
序数词表示顺序先后,第几,主要用于楼层(第几层),生日(第几个生日),月份(第几个月),星期(一星期第几天)等。例如:the second floor, my 15th birthday, the third month, the seventh day.
2. 序数词的构成
范围 | 特点 | 例词 |
第1~第3 | 需要单独记忆 | 分别为first, second, third |
第4~第19 | 由“基数词+th”构成。其中fifth(第五),eighth(第八),ninth(第九),twelfth(第十二)的变法有变化。 | fourth, sixth, seventh, tenth, eleventh, thirteenth, fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth |
第“几十”序数词 | 把基数词词尾的“y”改成“ie”,再加-th | twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth, sixtieth |
第“几十几”序数词 | 在基数词“几十几”的基础上,把个位变为序数词 | twenty-first, forty-fourth, fifty-ninth |
第“几百”序数词 | 由1~9加hundredth构成 | one hundredth, five hundredth, eight hundredth |
其他的序数词 | 在基数词的基础上,把个位变成序数词 | sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-fourth |
【基数词变序数词口诀】:
基变序有规律,一、二、三,特殊记,结尾字母t、d、d,从四加上-th。
ve要用f替,八去t,九减e,整十y变为ie,然后再加-th。
如果遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。
3. 序数词的用法
(1)序数词前一般要加定冠词the表示顺序。
【例如】:the second longest river
(2)序数词的缩写:阿拉伯数字加序数词单词的后两个字母。
【例如】:1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th...
(3)序数词常用作名词的定语,但当名词前已有物主代词、名词所有格等限定词时,不再用the。
【例如】:her tenth birthday
(4)表示英语中的分数时,分子用基数词,写在前面,分母用序数词,写在后面。当分子超过1时,分母的序数词后要加“s”。
【例如】:½:one second ¾:three fourths
(5)年、月、日的表示
1) 年的表示
“年”用基数词来表示(年代前用in)
【例如】:
在1987年:in 1987(读作:in nineteen eighty-seven)
在2008年:in 2008(读作:in two thousand and eight / twenty o/əʊ/ eight)
在1900年:in 1900(读作:in nineteen hundred)
在1809年:in 1809(读作:in eighteen o/əʊ/ nine)
在2000年:in 2000(读作:in two thousand / twenty hundred)
2)月的表示
“月”用表示月份的名词表示,名词首字母大写(月份前用in)
【例如】:在一月:in January 在五月:in May
【拓展】:
January(一月), February(二月), March(三月), April(四月), May(五月), June(六月), July(七月), August(八月), September(九月), October(十月), November(十一月), December(十二月)
3)月、日的表示
“月”用英语中表示月份的名词表示,“日”用基数词或序数词都可以表示(日期前用on)
【例如】:
在10月1日:on October 1(1st) (都读作:on October (the) first)
on 1(1st) October(都读作:on the first of October)
4)年、月、日的表示(日期前用on)
英语中表示日期的顺序通常为“月—日—年”或“日—月—年”,“年”前用逗号隔开
【例如】:
在1986年9月1日:on September 1st(1), 1986
on 1st(1) September, 1986
【典例】:( ) 1. (2018. 一中系) There are_______ months in a year, September is the ______ month of the year.
A. twelve; nine B. twelfth; nineth C. twelve; ninth
解析:本题考查数词的用法。句意为“一年有十二个月,九月是一年中的第九个月。”由句意可知,第一空为基数词twelve,第二空为序数词ninth,故答案为C。
答案:C
( ) 2. (2017. 长郡系) There are_______days in a week, Sunday is the_______day of a week in many western(西方的) countries.
A. seven; one B. seven; first C. seven; oneth D. seventh; one
解析:本题考查数词的用法。句意为“一周有七天,星期天是一周的第一天。”由句意可知,第一空填基数词seven,第二空填序数词first,故答案为B。
答案:B
【演练】:
( ) 1. (2016. 长郡系) Mother’s Day is ________in May.
A. the first Sunday B. the second Sunday C. the third Sunday D. the second Saturday
( ) 2. May is_________ month of the year.
A. fiveth B. the fifth C. fifth
( ) 3. The ______lesson is easier than Lesson________.
A. five; Six B. fifth; Sixth C. fifth; Six
I. 单项选择
( ) 1. (2018. 沈阳毕业考改编) December is ________month of a year.
A. twelfth B. the twelfth C. the twelveth
( ) 2. (2018. 江苏毕业考改编) Forty and_______ is seventy.
A. threety B. thirteen C. thirty
( ) 3. (2018. 江苏毕业考改编) There are seven________ pupils in my school.
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of
( ) 4. (2017. 河北毕业考改编) Are you in __________?
A. Class 11, Grade 7 B. class 11, Grade 7 C. Class 11, grade 7
( ) 5. (2017. 江苏毕业考改编) Today is May _________.
A. the twenty six B. the twenty-six C. the twenty-sixth
( ) 6. (2017. 辽宁毕业考改编) The tree is two _______old.
A. hundred-year B. hundreds years C. hundred years
( ) 7. (2017. 浙江毕业考改编) My flat(公寓) has________floors. I live on the ______floor.
A. eighteen; eight B. eight; eighteenth C. eighteen; eighth
( ) 8. (2017. 山东毕业考改编) _______ of students in our class live in school.
A. Two fifth B. Two fifths C. Second five
( ) 9. (2017. 江西毕业考改编) Bill is _______ in the row(行,排).
A. three B. the third C. third
( ) 10. (2017. 江苏毕业考改编) —When is your birthday? —_____________.
A. It’s on the 2nd of May B. It’s on the 2 of May C. It’s on the 2nd May
II. 用所给单词的正确形式填空
11. (2018. 一中系) Summer is the___________(two) season.
12. (2018. 一中系) September is the___________(nine) month of the year.
13. (2018. 一中系) There are about one ___________(hundred) people over there.
14. (2018. 一中系) The ___________(twelve) month of a year is December.
15. (2018. 一中系) March is the ___________(three) month of the year.
16. (2018. 一中系) I think the___________(five) lesson is the most difficult in this book.
17. (2018. 一中系) Jason is the___________(one) to put on his clothes.
18. (2018. 一中系) There are four seasons in a year, and summer is the_________(two) of a year.
19. (2017. 一中系)Tomorrow is her___________(nine) birthday. Let’s plan a party for her.
20. There are ___________(hundred) of flowers in the park.
I. 单项选择
( ) 1. —What’s the time? —It’s__________.
A. five forty-one B. five forty-first C. forty-one to five
( ) 2. She lives in_________.
A. 206 Room B. Room 206 C. 206 room
( ) 3. There are_________days in a year.
A. three hundred and sixty-five B. three hundreds and six-five
C. three hundred and sixty five
( ) 4. Today is ________.
A. the first of May B. the one of May B. the first May
( ) 5. —When is the Teachers’ Day in China? —It’s on________.
A. November 5th B. December 25th C. September 10th
( ) 6. —How many teachers are there in your school?
—___________ teachers. I’m not sure.
A. Hundreds B. Hundreds of C. One hundred
( ) 7. The Yellow River is_________ longest river in China.
A. second B. the second C. two
( ) 8. I think that the ________ century(世纪) will bring us more hopes.
A. twenty-one B. twentieth-first C. twenty-first
( ) 9. About _________of the books in our school library are written in Chinese.
A. fourth fifths B. four fifth C. four fifths
( ) 10. “Seven five” can be written_______________.
A. five seven B. five to seven C. five past seven
IV. 用所给单词的正确形式填空
11. (2017. 一中系) He was the___________(eight) to come into the classroom this morning.
12. (2017. 一中系) Jack lives on the ___________(thirty) floor.
13. Sandy is___________(five) years old.
14. Tom was the___________(one) to get to school.
15. There are___________(hundred) of people in the park.
16. The shop is on the___________(five) Street.
17. The third classroom is bigger than Classroom___________(twelve).
18. Today it’s his___________(twenty) birthday.
19. There are ___________(four) seasons in a year.
20. February is the___________(two) month of a year.
参考答案
第五讲 数词
【演练】:
(一)AAC (二)BBC
【真题演练】:
I. 1-5BCAAC 6-10 CCBBA
II. 11. second 12. ninth 13. hundred 14. twelfth 15. third
16. fifth 17. first 18. second 19. ninth 20. hundreds
【巩固提升】:
1-5 ABAAC 6-10 BBCCC
11. eighth 12. thirtieth 13. five 14. first 15. hundreds
16. fifth 17. Twelve 18. twentieth 19. four 20. second
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