2023年中考英语状语从句讲解课件

这是一份2023年中考英语状语从句讲解课件，共54页。PPT课件主要包含了什么是状语，状语从句， 时间状语从句， 地点状语从句， 原因状语从句， 条件状语从句， 让步状语从句， 目的状语从句， 结果状语从句， 方式状语从句等内容，欢迎下载使用。
状语时用来修饰 词， 词， 词或 的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：
1. 不久你就要上大学了。 It wn’t be lng befre yu g t cllege.2. 还有200天就高考了。 It will be 200 days befre the Cllege Entrance Exam.
3. 自从你来这儿已经两年了。 It is tw years since yu came here.4. 为……而骄傲 be prud f… 我为你取得的成就感到骄傲。 I’m prud f yur achievement.
1. s的用法1) They were all s tired that they culd d nthing. s+adj.2) He tld us s funny a stry that we all laughed. s+ adj.+ a + 可数名词
3) He had s little educatin that he was unfit fr the jb. _____ many peple _____ little by _____ little mney
many muchfewlittle (少)
2. such的用法1) He tld us such a funny stry that we all laughed. 对比： He tld us s funny a stry that we all laughed. such+ n.
1. _____ clever a student2. _____ a clever student3. _____ fine weather4. _____ difficult situatins
1. He was s clever a student that he was able t wrk ut all the difficult prblems. (s放句首倒装) S clever a student was he that he was able t wrk ut all the difficult prblems.
2. He earned s little mney that he culdn’t supprt his family. S little mney did he earn that he culdn’t supprt his family.
1. The bridge is t narrw fr tw cars t pass.2. The stadium culd accmmdate up t 2000 peple.3. Water pwer can be used t generate electricity.4. The ldest temple dates frm the first century.
5. He brught an end t his life with a gun.6. His wish t be an actr has cme true.7. She desn’t talk much, but what she says makes sense.
1. 引导词 thugh althugh even if even thugh as2. 注意事项 1）不能与but连用,可用yet, still
Althugh he has a lt f mney, he is unhappy.Althugh (Thugh) he was ver sixty, (yet) he began t learn French.2) as和thugh引导句子时用倒装
Thugh/Althugh he is a child , he knws a lt. （用as时必须倒装,用thugh可倒可不倒）Child as he is , he knws a lt.Althugh I like it much, I wn’t buy it.Much as I like it, I wn’t buy it.
3. 补充知识点 1) Whatever happens, we shall nt lse heart. 2) Whever yu are, yu must bey the rules. 3) Whether yu believe it r nt, it is true.
as while when befre after until (till) since as sn as
every timenext timethe first/secnd…timeThe day/minute/mment/instant/…instantlyimmediatelydirectly　n sner… than, hardly/scarcely/barely…when
as引导的时间状语从句, 可以表达“当……时”， “一 边……一边……”，“随着……”等意思。
1. 表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。 As the sun rse, the fg disappeared.
2. 表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。 Just as he was speaking there was a lud explsin.
3. 表示两个动作同时发生，译为“一边…一边”。 The students tk ntes as they listened.
4. 表示“随着…..”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。As she grew lder, she became mre beautiful. As time ges n/by, the impressin she left n me became blurred.
1. as, while , when的区别
while:常和延续性动词连用，侧重主从句动作同时发生。
* I hurt my shulder while I was ding gym.* I like listening t music while I am ding my hmewrk.* —— I’m ging t the pst ffice. ——While yu are there, can yu get sme stamps fr me?
❤Strike while the irn is ht.趁热打铁。
While I was walking dwn the street, I came acrss an ld friend. ( while=_______)While I really dn’t like art, I find his wrk impressive. ( while =_________ )While there is life there is hpe. (while = __________ )He likes pp music, while I am fnd f flk music. (while=_________)
While 在句中的不同含义:
when: 持续性／非持续性动词都可，主从句动作可同时或先后发生。
e.g. When I first saw her, I fell in lve with her. ---When did yu get hme? ---It was eight ’clck when I gt hme.
They were walking dwn the street when they saw an accident.2) I was abut t g swimming when ur guide stpped me.
befre, after引导的时间状语从句
◆ befre引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。视句意有时可译作“还没来得及…就…”，“趁还没有…就…”，“到…时才…”。
We clean the classrm befre we leave schl every day.
It will nt be lng befre yu regret fr what yu’ve dne.
◆ after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。
After yu use plastic bags, yu mustn’t thrw them abut.
since引导的时间状语从句
◆ since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。
例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。
We haven’t seen each ther since we parted.
常用句型：It has been (is) + 时间段 + since从句 “自从……有多长时间了 ”
例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。
It has been (is) six years since she graduated frm the university.
until/ till引导的时间状语从句
◆ until / till 引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到……时”，
◆当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。
例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。
I’ll stay here until yu cme back.
◆当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时, 主句常用否定形式。 nt… until…“直到……才……” 注意：nt until放在句首，主句要部分倒装。
He didn’t g t bed until he finished his hmewrk.
例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。
Nt until he finished his hmewrk, did he g t bed.
as sn as引导的时间状语从句
◆ as sn as 引导的时间状语从句，译为“一…就…”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。
例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。
I will tell him abut it as sn as he cmes back.
◆相当于as sn as 用法的词或短语还有：immediately, directly, instantly, the mment, the minute, the instant等.
I’ll give him yur message the minute he arrives.
I went hme directly I had finished wrk.
名词短语引导的时间状语从句
◆ the mment, the minute, the instant, the time, the hur, the day, by the time, each time, every time, next time, any time等也可以引导时间状语从句。
I thught her nice and hnest the first time I saw her.
By the time yu arrived, the lecture had already ended.
By the time he cmes, we will already have left.
Every time I caught a cld , I had pain in my head.
Be sure t call n me next time yu cme t visit ur city.
1. When every time I was in truble, he wuld cme t help me.2.   At next time yu cme, d remember bring yur sn here.3.  Fr the first time I met the girl, I felt in lve with her.4. Yu are welcme t cme back at any time yu want t.5. At the last time she saw James, he was lying in bed.语法规则：
every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。
考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句
其他连词引导的时间状语从句
◆ n sner… than…, hardly/ scarcely/ barely…when…引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。当n sner, hardly/ scarcely/ barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。
I had n sner begun t talk than he rang ff.
He had n sner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
N sner had I begun t talk than he rang ff.
N sner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
1. I was s familiar with him that I recgnized his vice ______ I picked up the phne. A. while B. after C. in case D. the minute2. Hw lng d yu think it will take _______ ur prduct becmes ppular with the cnsumers A. when B. until C. befre D. since3. ______ the day went n, the weather gt wrse. A. With B. since C. As D. While4. He was halfway thrugh his meal ____ a familiar vice came t his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while
地点状语从句用连接副词 where或wherever (在任何地方) 引导。
e.g. a. Just stay where yu are. b. Where there is a will, there is a way. c. Yu can sit wherever yu like. d. Wherever yu g, I’ll be right here waiting fr yu.
When he reads a bk, his habit is t make a mark ___ the meaning is unclear t him. A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which
原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句 常用的连接词是：because, as, since, nw that, fr,和cnsidering that, seeing that 这七个连词都用于表示表示原因, 但在语气上一个比一个弱。
e.g. He didn’t cme t schl because he was ill.
c.f. He might be ill, fr he didn’t cme t schl.
表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。
because, since, as, fr的区别:
because—直接原因，非推断．语气最强．　　　　 回答why的问题。since – 通常放句首．译为“既然”as– 不谈自明的原因，语气最弱。fr– 放句中，引导后半句表原因, 或补充推断 的理由。
1. I danced in frnt f the peple _________ I liked it.2. Yu’d better wear strng shes _____ we’ll d a lt f walking.3. ____ he was nt well, I decided t g withut him.4. ______ everybdy knw abut it, I dn’t want t talk any mre.5. He must be ill, ____ he is absent Tday.6. Sme peple believe that ______ il is running ut, the fate f the mtr industry is uncertain.
条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。
条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if, unless (除非), as / s lng as (只要), n cnditin (只要), nce ( 一旦), in case (假使) , prviding / prvided (that) 等。
e.g. a.We’ll cme ver t see yu n Saturday if we have time.b. We shuld serve the peple as / s lng as we live.
1. We will be able t get there n time, ____ ur car desn’t break dwn n the rad. as sn as B. as far asC. as lng as D. as well as2. In time f serius accidents, _____ we knw sme basic things abut first aid, we can save lives. whether B. untilC. if D. unless3. ____ yu have tried it, yu can’t imagine hw pleasant it is. A. Unless B. Because C. Althugh D. When
____ yu tuch an English persn, yu shuld say “srry”. _____ they are dirty, certain seas are nt able t clean themselves. __________ we dn’t lse heart, we’ll find a way t vercme the difficulty. Yu can be allwed t play the game ___________yu finish yur hmewrk first. Dn’t tuch anything ______ yur teacher tells yu t.
n cnditin that
在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。常用引导词：thugh, althugh, even if, even thugh,n matter + 疑问词(what/ wh/ where/ when/ which/ hw)疑问词-ever(whatever, whever, wherever, whenever, hwever, whichever)
特殊引导词： as (用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装)， while ( 一般用在句首 )， whether… r… , whether (…) r nt hwever和n matter hw
thugh, althugh
◆ 判断以下句子是否正确：Althugh he is rich, but he is nt happy. Althugh he is rich, yet he is nt happy. Althugh we have grwn up, ur parents still treat us as children.
◆要点归纳：thugh, althugh当“虽然”讲, 都不能和 but 连用. 但是他们都可以同yet (still) 连用.
ever if, even thugh
even if 和 even thugh 表示“ ”
We’ll make a trip even thugh the weather is bad.
as引导让步状语从句
as 引导的让步状语从句，必须将从句中的 、 、以及谓语中的 提前至从句句首，作表语的单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需 。
Thugh he wrks hard, he makes little prgress.
Hard as/thugh he wrks, he makes little prgress.
Thugh he was a child, he knew what was the right thing t d.
Child as/thugh he was, he knew what was the right thing t d.
Thugh yu may bject, I’ll g.
Object as/thugh yu may, I’ll g.
句型：adj./n.(前无冠词)/adv./v.+as从句，主语+谓语
whether… r… , whether (…) r nt
whether… r… , whether … r nt 表示“不论是否……”，“不管是……还是……”。
Whether yu believe it r nt, it is true.
Yu’ll have t attend the party whether yu are free r busy.
while 也可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，语气比thugh/ althugh弱。其引导的从句一般位于 。
例句：我尽管喜欢它的颜色，但不喜欢它的形状。
While I like its clr, I dn’t like its shape.
n matter + 疑问词 疑问词-ever
N matter what happened, he wuld nt mind. Whatever happened, he wuld nt mind.
替换：n matter what = whatever 　　 n matter wh = whever 　　 n matter when = whenever 　　 n matter where = wherever 　　 n matter which = whichever 　 　n matter hw = hwever
N matter hw____, it is nt necessarily lifeless.a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may beC.may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert be
____ I accept that he is nt perfect, I d actually like the persn. A. While B. since C. Befre D. Unless2. The wrkers are determined t g thrugh with their railway prject, ____ the expenses have risen. A. as lng as B. even thugh C. nw that D. as thugh3. I really want the watch, hwever much ______. A. des it cst B. csts it C. will it cst D. it csts
4. ______ we have finished the curse, we shall start ding mre revisin wrk. A. Fr nw B. Nw that C. By nw D. until5. ______, the idea f having t wrk under a wman defeated him. A. Wanting the jb very much B. Althugh wanting the jb badly C. Thugh he wanted the jb very much D. He wanted the jb badly
引导目的状语从句的连词:
in rder that …
用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。
a. 较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，s 有时可省; 从句中要有情态动词, 否则, 就成为下一种句型：
b. 无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。
fr fear that; in case; lest (以免)等。
e.g. a. We’ll sit nearer the frnt s that we can hear better. b. I shall write it dwn lest I shuld frget.
注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用 s as t d … 或 in rder t d …
e.g. He ran fast s that he might arrive there befre ten ’clck. →
He ran fast s as t arrive there befre ten ’clck.
结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由 s, s … that, such … that; s that 等引导。
a. S quickly did he run that I culdn’t catch up with him. b. The bus brke dwn s that we had t walk hme. c. She is such a gd teacher that everyne admires her.★d. He gt t the statin finally, nly t find the train had left.
描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导: as, just as, as if, as thugh, the way (that), in the way (that)等。
a. We must d as the Party tells us. b. Leave the things as they are. c. Mst plants need sunlight just as they need water. d. It sunds as if it is raining. e. They did it in a way that I had never seen befre. 他们以我从没见过的方式行事。 f. As water is t fish, s air is t man.　 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水
比较状语从句常由下列词语引导： as …as, nt s / as … as, mre…than, less … than, the mre + adj. / adv., the mre + adj. / adv.
a. He is nt s / as healthy as his brther. b. They jumped up and dwn as hard as they culd. c. Jhn is less clever than Peter.d. The busier he is, the happier he feels.e. The jb is nt s difficult as I thught it wuld be.f. Send fr a dctr as sn as (it is ) pssible.
Rses need special care ______ they can live thrugh winter. A. because B. s that C. even if D. as2. If things are left ______ they are, the prblems will never be settled, I’m afraid. A. hw B. as C. what D. where3. Careful surveys have pinted ut that as many as 50 percent f the patients d nt take drugs _____ directed. A. like B. s C. which D. as4. I dare nt g there ______ my parents will see me. A. in case f B. fr fear f C. in rder that D. fr fear that
★ 注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where和as为例，能引导多种从句。Yu are t find it where yu left it.（地点状语从句）Tell me the address where he lives. （定语从句，句中有先行词）I dn’t knw where he came frm.（宾语从句）Where he has gne is nt knwn yet. （主语从句）This place is where they nce hid. （表语从句）
“as” 用于不同的状语从句中1. She sang as she wrked. 2. Smart as he is ,he desn’t study hard.3. Yu must try t d as I did.4. She desn’t d her wrk as carefully as I.5. As she was late fr class, she had t say srry.