2022-2023学年上海市吴淞中学高二上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

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吴淞中学2022学年第一学期
高二英语学科指标评估
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. A delivery man. B. A postman. C. A policeman. D. A taxi driver.
2. A. $ 50. B. $ 75 C. $ 150. D. $ 200.
3.A. It’s delayed. B. It’s overcrowded. C. It’s empty D. It’s can celled.
4. A. She has never talked in public. B. She probably is poor at giving speeches.
C. She enjoys serious moments. D. She wants to give up the public speech.
5. A. Finishing the lunch. B. Having a meeting.
C. Arranging the room. D. Making some coffee.
6. A. By going on a diet. B. By doing physical exercise.
C. By having fewer meals. D. By eating fruit and vegetables.
7. A. The man doesn’t have a good memory.
B. The man shouldn’t have bought the chocolate.
C. The man lost the chocolate in the kitchen
D. The man’s son has taken the chocolate.
8. A. The man shouldn’t go for the interview
B. The man’s resume is not well-prepared.
C. The man can send the resume out.
D. The man should get ready for the interview.
9. A. Finish the paper before meeting his professor.
B. Shorten his paper into a 3000-word article.
C. Get a new and more specific topic for his paper.
D. Ask his professor’s help on his choice of topics.
10. A. He will remain in his current job. B. He is quite satisfied with his job.
C. He will ask for a higher salary. D. He can never find a better job.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Public education against smoking is lacking
B. There is no campaign against smoking.
C. There are no rules regarding smoking.
D. That smokers ignore the rules about smoking.
12. A. It made her respect smokers in the United States.
B. It made her think that smoking rules need to be changed.
C. It made her want to be more polite towards nonsmokers.
D. It made her more tolerant to smoker behavior.
13. A. It’s no easy job to stop people smoking in Europe.
B. There should be severer rules against smoking in Europe.
C. We should take non-smokers’ rights into consideration.
D. The speaker changed the attitude towards different smokers
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.
14. A. The weight of the boxes moving across the stage.
B. The number of times of repeating the process.
C. The size of the objects shown on the stage.
D. The shape of the cubes used in the show.
15. A. Girls seem to be able to reason earlier than boys.
B. Boys enjoy playing with cubes more than girls.
C. Girls tend to get excited more easily than boys.
D. Boys pay more attention to moving objects than girls.
16. A. They are easy to be nervous. B. They talk at an earlier age.
C. They are better at physical activities. D. They have a different brain pattern.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. A detective story. B. A professor’s lecture.
C. A class assignment. D. A jewelry store robbery.
18. A. She was involved in a jewelry store robbery.
B. She had trouble finishing her assignment.
C. She did not like the topic she had chosen for her paper.
D. She was taking too many courses.
19. A. Take some extra time. B. Put down whatever ideas she has first.
C. Do some work for another course. D. Write the story ending first.
20. A. To do research for her story. B. To go shopping.
C. To meet her professor. D. To take a break from her work.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
(A)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Throughout the world, only 15% of the material that are used to make clothing is properly recycled, according to the Alle SacUrthur Club, an organization in Liverpool, UK, that boosts the circular economy. Most clothing waste—an ___1___(estimate) 82 million tonnes from the fashion industry alone-produced every year ends up buried or burnt.
___2___(handle) all that waste, methods to recover and reuse the material are intended as an active response to the future risks by researchers and start-up companies. Much of their focus is on chemical recycling, ___3___ the material is broken down into its building blocks and applied to create new materials, including fibres that ___4___ (weave) into new clothes. The challenges lie in ___5___ (develop) the processes for such treatment. They have to be practical, but they also have to be at least as cost-effective as simply making new fibres.
___6___ the natural cellulose fibres from cotton some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres. They are derived from wood-pulp cellulose and may be used to produce materials such as viscose (rayon) and a similar material called lyocell.
A change in the manufacturing process is being applied to the textile-waste problem by Essen, a start-up in Seattle, Washington. ___7___ the company has fundamentally devoted to the process is that it uses discarded textiles, instead of wood, as the source of its cellulose. It has also adjusted the process to produce a fibre that the firm’s co-founder and president Christo Stan says is superior to ___8___ other cellulosics and cotton, and that can be recycled more times.
Although there are abundant technical challenges, the main barrier ___9___ widespread textile recycling could be economic, says materials engineer Lijiang Jiang at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Atlanta. “Most of the materials are not that invaluable,” Jiang says. So cheap it is to produce polyester, cotton and other fabrics ____10____ there’s little profit margin unless the recycling processes themselves are very inexpensive.
【答案】1. estimated
2. To handle
3. where 4. are woven
5. developing
6. Besides 7. What
8. both 9. to
10. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了服装原料的浪费已经成为一个严重的问题，华盛顿西雅图的艾森公司通过对于纺织生产过程的改变来解决纺织品废料的问题。
【1题详解】
考查形容词。句意：大多数衣服浪费——估计有8,200万吨时尚行业每年生产的产品最终被埋葬或烧毁。空格处应填形容词修饰名词tonnes，作定语。故填estimated。
【2题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了处理所有的废物，回收和再利用材料的方法旨在作为研究人员和初创公司对未来风险的积极回应。分析句子结构，are intended为谓语动词，空格处需填非谓语动词作目的状语，需填动词不定式形式。故填To handle。
【3题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：他们主要关注化学物质的回收，在回收中材料被分解成它的基础材料并应用于创造新的材料，包括被织进新衣服里的纤维。此处为定语从句修饰先行词chemical recycling，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
【4题详解】
考查被动语态。句意：他们主要关注化学物质的回收，在回收中材料被分解成它的基础材料并应用于创造新的材料，包括被织进新衣服里的纤维。that指代先行词fibers在从句中作主语，空格处在从句中作谓语，主语fibres和weave之间是被动关系，此句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are woven。
【5题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：挑战基于对这种加工过程的开发。空格处需要填非谓语作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填developing。
【6题详解】
考查介词。句意：除了来自棉花的天然纤维素纤维外，一些纺织品还包括人造纤维素纤维。根据“the natural cellulose fibres from cotton, some other materials include human-made cellulosic fibres.”及常识可知，除了来自棉花的天然纤维素纤维外，一些纺织品还包括人造纤维素纤维，介词besides除……之外（还），故填Besides。
【7题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：公司从根本上致力于的工艺是使废弃的纺织品而不是木材作为纤维素的来源。分析句子结构，空格处引导主语从句，在从句中作动词devoted的宾语，指代事物。故填What。
【8题详解】
考查代词。句意：该公司还调整了生产纤维的过程，可以生产出优于其他纤维素和棉花的纤维，而且这种纤维可以更多地被回收利用。根据“other cellulosics and cotton”可知，此处用both...and...表示“两者都”，故填both。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意：尽管有大量的技术挑战，对于广泛传播纤维回收的主要障碍就是经济，亚特兰大麻省理工学院的材料工程师蒋丽江（音译）如是说。barrier to是固定搭配，意为“……的障碍”。故填to。
【10题详解】
考查结果状语从句。句意：生产涤纶棉花和其他材料是如此的便宜，并且除非回收过程本身非常便宜否则利润空间很小。根据句意，此处与前面的So构成so...that，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
(B)
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Undoubtedly, we are entering a brand-new era--the digital age, so for the business executives, the advice to better the commercial mode is quite clear. Managers need to equip themselves with a digital mindset; the organisations they ___11___ (run) must keep pace with the digital transformation. Among all the changes that we are going to go through, what is noteworthy must be the transition in the medium ___12___ people record basic information--- ___13___ the trend to replace the traditional paper with the smooth Ipad should be reversed or not.
Not surprisingly, at least for some people, recent research underscores the enduring value of the legendary ancient technology in decision making, productivity enhancing or customer winning. The researchers also indicated the difference in behavior change ___14___ they displayed American college students an ad for a bookseller and then asked them to selected some of the books that were being promoted. Those ___15___ (use) paper to fill out the questionnaire chose their answers ___16___ (deliberate), while those who made decisions using the tablets seemed more casual. Hence, they speculated that the people tend to make more virtuous decisions on the medium of paper ___17___ it feels more consequential. When ___18___ (ask), paper-and-pen subjects confessed that they did feel they ere more indicative of their personalities.
Lastly, in the right situation, paper does play a part in boosting productivity. A study from Fetroit Business School, finds that paper calendars may provoke different behaviors. Users of old fashioned calendars made more complete and thorough plans than ___19___ looking at an app. There was also greater possibility ____20____ they stuck to their plans.
【答案】11. are running
12. where 13. whether
14. when 15. using
16. deliberately
17. because##since##as
18. asked 19. those
20. that
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者指出现代数字社会给我们的生活带来的许多改变，但值得注意的是：传统纸张被IPad取代的趋势是否应该逆转。一些研究表明纸张更能体现人的真实性格，也更能促进生产。
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：他们所经营的组织必须跟上数字化转型的步伐。分析句意可知，动词run“经营”为定语从句的谓语动词，需要使用现在进行时，表示正在经营的组织，因为主语organisations“组织”为复数形式，故be动词用are。故填are running。
【12题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在我们将要经历的所有变化中，值得注意的一定是人们记录基本信息的媒介的转变——用光滑的Ipad取代传统纸张的趋势是否应该逆转。分析句意可知，此处medium“媒介”后接定语从句，因为该先行词为定语从句中的地点状语，故使用where即可。故填where。
【13题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：在我们将要经历的所有变化中，值得注意的一定是人们记录基本信息的媒介的转变——用光滑的Ipad取代传统纸张的趋势是否应该逆转。分析句意可知，此处包含whether or not “是否”，表示这一趋势 是否应该逆转。故填whether。
【14题详解】
考查时间状语从句。句意：当他们向美国大学生展示一则书商广告，然后让他们挑选一些正在促销的书籍时，研究人员还指出了行为改变的差异。分析句意可知，此处研究人员指出的行为改变的差异出现是在研究人员给向美国大学生展示一则书商广告时出现的，因此主句后接了时间状语从句，因此需要使用连词where引导。故填where。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：那些用纸填写问卷的人深思熟虑地选择答案，而那些用平板电脑做决定的人似乎更随意。分析句意可知，chose为句子的谓语，因而空处用非谓语。主语those与动词use为主谓关系，所以此处用现在分词。故填using。
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：那些用纸填写问卷的人深思熟虑地选择答案，而那些用平板电脑做决定的人似乎更随意。分析句意可知，形容词deliberate“深思熟虑的”需要使用副词形式deliberately，作状语修饰动词chose“选择”。故填deliberately。
【17题详解】
考查原因状语从句。句意：因此，他们推测，人们倾向于在纸上做出更明智的决定，因为它感觉像是会产生重要结果的。分析句意可知，人们之所以在纸上更明智的决定，原因是纸张上的结果感觉像是会产生重要结果，二者存在因果关系可以使用because，since和as引导原因状语从句。故填because/since/as。
【18题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：当被问及时，纸和笔的受试者承认，他们确实觉得纸笔更能反映自己的性格。分析句意可知，此处when引导的时间状语原句为when they were asked“当他们被问及时”，因主语与主句主语一致，同时省略了主语和be动词。故填asked。
【19题详解】
考查指示代词。句意：老式日历的用户比那些看应用程序的用户制定了更完整、更彻底的计划。分析句意可知，此处比较级对比的是老式日历的用户和应用程序用户，因此空格处使用指示代词those“那些”符合语境。故填those。
【20题详解】
考查同位语从句。句意：他们坚持计划的可能性也更大。分析句意可知，名词possibility“可能性”后应该使用连词that引导同位语从句，解释可能性。故填that。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. principle B. ultimately C. sensitive D. analyzed F. sensible
E. account G. principal H. subjects I. drawn J. coats K. additionally
It is common knowledge that mosquitoes don’t attack everyone equally. Scientists have discovered that the pests are ___21___ to people at astonishingly different rates, but they have struggled to explain what on earth makes certain people “mosquito magnets” while others survive totally.
In a new essay published on September 16 in the journal Science, researchers indicate that certain body odors are the deciding factor. Every person has a unique scent profile consisting of different chemical compounds, which mosquitoes are quite ___22___ to, and the researchers found that mosquitoes were most drawn to people whose skin releases high levels of carboxylic acids. And ___23___, the researchers found that peoples’ attractiveness to mosquitoes remained steady as time goes, regardless of changes in diet or brushing habits.
The researchers carefully ___24___ the scent profiles to determine what might ___25___ for this vast difference. They found a pattern: the most attractive ___26___ tended to produce greater levels of carboxylic acids from their skin while the least attractive subjects produced much less.
Carboxylic acids are ___27___ organic compounds. Humans produce them in our sebum, which is the oily layer that ___28___ our skin; there, the acids help to keep our skin moisturized and protected, Vosshall says. Humans release carboxylic acids at much higher levels than most animals, De Obaldia adds, though the amount varies from person to person. The new study had too few participants to say what personal characteristics make someone more likely to produce high levels of carboxylic acids — and there’s no easy way to test your own skin’s carboxylic acid levels outside of the laboratory, Vosshall says.
But if you think you might be a mosquito magnet, all hope is not ___29___ lost. Akbari says the study could help researchers develop more effective mosquito repellents in the future. The secret might be in adding new bacteria to the skin’s existing microbiome to alter its scent profile. So next time it will be ____30____ of you to apply repellents on your skin before you go to the spot.
【答案】21. I 22. C 23. K 24. D 25. E 26. H 27. G 28. J 29. B 30. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了有些人更招蚊子“喜爱”的原因。
【21题详解】
考查动词。句意：科学家们已经发现，这些害虫会在不同程度上受到人们的吸引，但是他们一直难以解释为什么某些人会成为“吸蚊磁铁”，而某些人则完全不会被叮咬。由句意可知，有些人容易吸引蚊子，被蚊子叮咬，而有些人则完全不会，draw“吸引”为动词，符合句意；“the pests”在宾语从句中作主语，与动词draw之间是被动关系，设空处前面有“are”，因此，该空应填draw的过去分词drawn，构成一般现在时的被动语态，故选I。
【22题详解】
考查形容词。句意：每个人都有由不同化合物组成的独特气味，而蚊子对这些化合物非常敏感。研究人员发现，蚊子最容易被皮肤释放大量羧酸的人吸引。句子结构分析可知，设空处在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作表语，sensitive“敏感的”为形容词，短语be sensitive to意为“对……敏感”，符合句意。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查副词。句意：此外，研究人员发现，随着时间的推移，人们对蚊子的吸引力保持稳定，无论饮食或刷牙习惯如何变化。由句子结构和句意分析可知，设空处作状语，修饰下文整个句子，表示要介绍更多的研究发现；additionally“除此之外，另外”为副词，符合句意。故选K。
【24题详解】
考查动词。句意：研究人员仔细分析了气味特征，以确定造成这种巨大差异的原因。句子结构分析可知，设空处在句中作谓语动词，analyze“分析”为动词，符合句意，由下文“They found a pattern”可知此句应用一般过去时，设空处填analyze的过去式analyzed。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：研究人员仔细分析了气味特征，以确定造成这种巨大差异的原因。句子结构分析可知，设空处在“what”引导的宾语从句中作谓语动词，动词短语account for意为“是……的原因”符合句意，由空前的情态动词“might”以及空后的介词“for”可知设空处填account。故选E。
【26题详解】
考查名词。句意：最容易吸引蚊子的受试者往往皮肤产生的羧酸更多，而最不容易吸引蚊子的受试者产生的羧酸要少得多。句子分析可知，设空处在句中作主语，由空前的“the most attractive ”可知设空处为名词。subject“接受试验者，研究对象”为可数名词，符合句意；由句意可知，此处表复数概念，应用subject的复数形式subjects。故选H。
【27题详解】
考查形容词。句意：羧酸是重要的有机化合物。设空处在句中作定语，修饰名词“organic compounds”，principal“最重要的，主要的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G。
【28题详解】
考查动词。句意：人类会在皮脂中产生这种物质，皮脂是一种覆盖在我们皮肤上的脂肪层；酸在其中有助于保湿以及保护皮肤，Vosshall说。句子结构分析可知，设空处在定语从句“that __8__ our skin”中作谓语动词，coat“覆盖，盖”为动词，符合句意；由空前的“Humans produce them in our sebum, which is the oily layer”可知定语从句“that __8__ our skin”用一般现在时，从句中关系代词“that”作主语，指代前文的先行词“the oily layer”，谓语动词用第三人称单数，由此可知，设空处填coats。故选J。
【29题详解】
考查副词。句意：但即使你认为自己可能是个“吸蚊磁铁”，也并非最终丧失了全部希望。句子分析可知，设空处修饰“lost”，在句中作状语，应为副词。ultimately“最终，最后”为副词，符合句意。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词。句意：所以，下次在去有蚊子的地方之前，在皮肤上涂抹驱蚊剂是明智的。设空处在句中作表语，sensible“明智的”为形容词，符合句意。故选F。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
(A)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Thanks to their evolutionary ancestry, domestic cats are, actually by their nature, more independent than dogs. Our cats, whose wild ancestors didn’t enjoy living in social groups as dogs do, ___31___, during the process of domestication, gradually developed the capability to form social relationships not just with other cats, but also with people.
Although independent cats may not ___32___ upon people to gain security as dogs do, they show affection for their guardians and seem to attach importance to the ___33___ of their human companions. Their strong attachment to humans is partly ___34___ by their experiences of being cared by people as a kitten. Cats behave towards humans in the exactly same way that they respond to their feline friends, so the secret of whether your cat feels ___35___ to you lies in their behaviour.
Cats have successfully gained an edge for their outstanding ability to communicate with other cats over long distances and even when no longer ___36___ present. Our pet cats have ___37___ this “supersense” and depend heavily on this form of communication. Particularly, cats use scent to identify members of their social group or family, by sharing a group scent profile. Cats have specific scent glands on their flanks, head and around their ears, and often rub their heads against people and objects that are familiar and ___38___. The soft sensation you feel against your calves is actually your cat ___39___ you as a friend and is a huge compliment.
One of the most signs that your beloved pet is keen on you, is the way your cat greets you. When cats greet members of their social group, they ____40____ to show signals to indicate friendship and a desire to move closer. Also, Cats show these signals to humans. Rolling over and____41____ their vulnerable under belly to you is another distinct gesture that a cat has ultimate faith in you.
Besides, your cat might also be secretly signalling their affection by changing the way they look at you. When cats ____42____ strange humans or other cats they aren’t familiar with, they usually greet them with an ____43____ stare. But they are more likely to slowly blink at cats they have a good relationship with. Research indicates slow blinks are ____44____ a positive emotional state and can be a sign of trust, contentment and affection, ____45____ to a genuine human smile.
31. A. however B. meanwhile C. besides D. otherwise
32. A. put B. rest C. calculate D. stick
33. A. company B. edge C. resolution D. affection
34. A. weakened B. affected C. worsened D. strengthened
35. A. distanced B. perceived C. bonded D. appealed
36. A. physiologically B. physically C. psychologically D. realistically
37. A. ignored B. abandoned C. overlooked D. possessed
38. A. comforting B. exhausting C. enduring D. charming
39. A. demanding B. approaching C. identifying D. defining
40 A. prepare B. tend C. wish D. contribute
41. A. exposing B. committing C. attaching D. pushing
42. A. knock B. bump C. encounter D. stare
43. A. unknown B. undecided C. unblinking D. uncertain
44. A. associated with B. addicted to C. adjusted to D. assumed to
45. A. critical B. similar C. grateful D. decent
【答案】31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. A 42. C 43. C 44. A 45. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。猫在驯化的过程中，逐渐发展了社交能力，对人类表现出强烈的依恋。文章描述了表明猫喜欢你的一些行为。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们的猫，其野生祖先不喜欢像狗一样生活在社会群体中，然而，在驯化的过程中，逐渐发展成不仅与其他猫，而且与人社交的能力。A. however然而；B. meanwhile同时；C. besides此外；D. otherwise否则；不然。前后之间是转折关系，应用however，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然独立的猫科动物可能不会像狗一样依靠人类来获得安全感，但它们会表现出对监护人的关爱，并且似乎很重视人类同伴的关爱。A. put放下；B. rest依靠；休息；C. calculate计算；D. stick粘。由下文“upon people to gain security as dogs do”可知，猫不像狗一样依靠人类来获取安全感，rest upon固定搭配，意为“依靠”，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然独立的猫科动物可能不会像狗一样依靠人类来获得安全感，但它们会表现出对养护人的关爱，并且似乎很重视人类同伴的关爱。A. company陪伴；B. edge边缘；C. resolution解决；D. affection喜爱；关爱。由上文“they show affection for their guardians and seem to attach importance to the”和下文“Their strong attachment to humans is partly______4___by their experiences of being cared by people as a kitten.”可知，猫对人们关爱，一定程度上由于人们从小对猫的关爱和照顾，由此可知，猫重视人们对它的关爱，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们对人类的强烈依恋在一定程度上受到它们小时候被人照顾的经历的影响。A. weakened减弱；B. affected影响；C. worsened变坏；D. strengthened加强。由下文“by their experiences of being cared by people as a kitten.”可知，猫对人类的依恋是受到它们小时候被人照顾的经历的影响，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：猫对待人类的方式和它们对待猫科动物朋友的方式完全一样，所以判断你的猫是否感到与你有密切关系的秘密在于它们的行为。A. distanced疏远；B. perceived察觉；C. bonded建立亲密关系；D. appealed吸引。由上下文“so the secret of whether your cat feels___5___to you lies in their behaviour.”可知，此处指你的猫是否感到与你有着密切关系的秘密在于它们的行为表现，此处是过去分词作表语。故选C。
【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：猫已经成功地获得了优势，因为它们具有与其他猫进行长距离交流的卓越能力，甚至在它们没有现身的情况下也是如此。A. physiologically生理地；B. physically身体上地；C. psychologically心里上地；D. realistically实际地。根据上文“Cats have successfully gained an edge for their outstanding ability to communicate with other cats over long distances and even”和下文“supersense”可知，猫有与其他猫进行长距离交流的卓越能力，甚至它们还有“超感”，不用现身就能交流，故选B。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的宠物猫拥有这种“超感”，并且非常依赖这种交流方式。A. ignored忽视；B. abandoned遗弃；C. overlooked忽视；D. possessed拥有。由下文“this “supersense” and depend heavily on this form of communication.”可知，猫拥有这种“超感”，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：猫的侧腹、头部和耳朵周围都有特殊的气味腺体，它们经常用头部摩擦熟悉和舒适的人和物体。A. comforting舒适的；B. exhausting使人筋疲力尽的；C. enduring持久的；D. charming迷人的。由上文“often rub their heads against people and objects that are familiar and”可知，猫经常用头部摩擦舒适的人和物体，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你小腿上的柔软感觉实际上是你的猫把你确定为一个朋友，这是一个巨大的赞美。A. demanding要求；B. approaching接近；C. identifying认出；D. defining下定义。由下文“you as a friend and is a huge compliment.”可知，猫经常用头部摩擦你的小腿，让你感觉到柔软舒服，这实际上表明猫把你看成它的一个朋友，define sb. as意为“确定某人为”，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当猫咪和它们的社会群体成员打招呼时，它们往往会发出表示友谊的信号，并表示想要走得更近。A. prepare准备；B. tend倾向于；C. wish希望；D. contribute捐助。由下文“to show signals to indicate friendship and a desire to move closer”可知，猫和它们的社会群体打招呼时，往往会发出一些表示友谊的信号，tend to do固定搭配，意为“往往会；倾向于做”，故选B。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：翻过身来，把它们脆弱的腹部暴露在你面前，这是另一种明显的姿态，表明猫对你有着终极的信任。A. exposing暴露；B. committing承诺；C. attaching附属；贴上；D. pushing推。由上文“Rolling over”和下文“their vulnerable under belly to you”可知，猫翻过身来，即露出它们的腹部，故选A。
【42题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当猫遇到陌生的人类或其他不熟悉的猫，它们通常会用一眨不眨的眼睛问候他们。A. knock敲；B. bump撞上；C. encounter偶遇；遇到；D. stare盯住。由下文“strange humans or other cats they aren’t familiar with”可知，此处指遇到陌生人或不熟悉的同类时，猫的表现，故选C。
【43题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当猫遇到陌生的人类或其他不熟悉的猫，他们通常会用一眨不眨的眼睛问候他们。A. unknown未知的；B. undecided未定的；C. unblinking不眨眼的；D. uncertain不确定的。由下文“But they are more likely to slowly blink at cats they have a good relationship with.”可知，猫更有可能对和它们关系很好同类慢慢地眨眼睛，由此可知，当遇到陌生人或不熟悉的同类时，猫会一眨也不眨地盯着他们。故选C。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：研究表明，慢速眨眼与积极的情绪状态有关，可以是信任、满足和喜爱的信号，类似于真正的人类微笑。A. associated with将……联系起来；B. addicted to沉迷于；C. adjusted to调整；D. assumed to假设。由下文“a positive emotional state and can be a sign of trust, contentment and affection”可知，猫慢速眨眼睛与它们的情绪有关，故选A。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，慢速眨眼与积极的情绪状态有关，可以是信任、满足和喜爱的信号，类似于真正的人类微笑。A. critical关键的；B. similar相似的；C. grateful感谢的；D. decent得体的。由下文“to a genuine human smile”可知，猫慢速眨眼睛，这就和人类真正的微笑类似，表明信任，满足和喜爱，故选B。


(B)
It’s late in the evening: time to close the book and turn off the computer. You’re done for the day. What you may not realize, ___46___, is that the learning process actually continues - in your dreams.
It might sound like science fiction, but researchers are increasingly ___47___ the relationship between the knowledge and skills our brains absorb during the day and the fragmented, often bizarre imaginings they ___48___ at night. Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned is associated with ___49___ performance in that activity (suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular notion that we’re “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it). What’s more, researchers are coming to recognize that dreaming is an essential part of understanding, organizing and ___50___ what we learn. While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during ___51___ hours, allowing us to enter what one psychologist calls a neural virtual reality. A vivid example of such ___52___ can be seen in a video researchers made recently about sleep disorders. They taught a series of dance moves to a group of patients with conditions like sleepwalking, in which the sleeper performs the kind of physical movement that does not ___53___ occur during sleep. They then videotaped the ___54___ as they slept. Lying in bed, eyes closed, one female patient on the tape _____55_____ the dance moves she learned earlier.
This shows that while our bodies are _____56_____, our brains are drawing what’s important from the information and events we’ve recently encountered, then integrating that data into the vast _____57_____ of what we already know.
In a 2010 study, researchers at Harvard Medical School reported that college students who dreamed about a computer maze(迷宫)task they had learned showed a 10-fold improvement in their _____58_____ to find their way through the maze compared with the participants who did not dream about the task.
Robert Stick-gold, one of the Harvard researchers, suggests that studying right before bedtime or taking a nap following a study session in the afternoon might increase the _____59_____ of dreaming about the material. Think about that as your head _____60_____ the pillow tonight.
46. A. therefore B. otherwise C. instead D. however
47. A. focusing on B. experimenting with C. building up D. inquiring about
48. A. conceal B. generate C. dissolve D. remove
49. A. worsened B. measured C. improved D. affected
50. A. maintaining B. comprehending C. questioning D. sharing
51. A. working B. sleeping C. opening D. waking
52. A. replay B. pattern C. reality D. experience
53. A. normally B. especially C. infrequently D. possibly
54. A. researchers B. subjects C. psychologists D. walkers
55. A. reflected on B. forgot about C. engaged in D. referred to
56. A. in peace B. at rest C. in operation D. at work
57. A. store B. majority C. range D. collection
58. A. willingness B. ability C. desire D. tendency
59. A. benefits B. risks C. difficulties D. potential
60. A. hits B. imagines C. leaves D. punches
【答案】46. D 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. A 53. A 54. B 55. C 56. B 57. A 58. B 59. D 60. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过讲述一项研究阐述了做梦如何让你的学习效果得到改善。
【46题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，你可能没有意识到的是，学习过程实际上在你的梦中继续。A. therefore因此；B. otherwise否则；C. instead代替，反而；D. however然而。根据前文“What you may not realize”可知此处是表示转折意义。故选D项。
【47题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：这听起来可能像科幻小说，但研究人员越来越关注我们大脑白天吸收的知识和技能与晚上产生的通常奇怪的想象之间的关系。A. focusing on专注于；B. experimenting with做实验；C. building up建立；D. inquiring about询问。根据下文“Scientists have found that dreaming about a task we’ve learned is associated with ___4___ performance in that activity”以及“What’s more, researchers are coming to recognize that dreaming is an essential part of understanding”可知研究人员对这二者之间的关系是极其“关注”的。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. conceal隐藏；B. generate产生；C. dissolve溶解；D. remove去除。根据上文“fragmented, often bizarre imaginings”可知这些imaginings 是在晚上做梦时候产生的。故选B项。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：科学家们发现，梦到我们所学的任务与提高该活动的表现有关(这表明，当我们开始做外语梦时，我们正在“学习”外语这一流行观点是有一定道理的)。A. worsened恶化；B. measured测量；C. improved改进；D. affected影响。根据下文的“suggesting that there’s some truth to the popular notion that we’re “getting” a foreign language once we begin dreaming in it”可知做梦都在学习外语， 说明是要“提高”在外语学习上的表现。故选C项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：更重要的是，做梦可能是理解、组织和保留我们所学知识的重要部分。A. maintaining维护；B. comprehending理解；C. questioning询问；D. sharing共享。根据下文“While we sleep, research indicates, the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced during ___6__ hours”可知做梦对加深记忆，保留所学知识是有用的。故选A项。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，当我们睡觉的时候，大脑会回放清醒时所经历的活动模式，从而让我们进入心理学家所说的神经系统(神经的)虚拟现实。A. working工作；B. sleeping休眠；C. opening开；D. waking苏醒。根据前文的“activity it experienced”可知这些活动是人们在清醒的时候经历的。故选D项。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究人员最近制作的一段关于睡眠障碍的视频中可以看到这种回放的生动例子。A. replay回放；B. pattern模式；C. reality现实；D. experience经验。根据前文的“the brain replays the patterns of activity it experienced”可知replay原词再现。故选A项。
【53题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们向一群患有梦游症的患者教授了一系列舞蹈动作，其中睡眠者进行了通常在睡眠中不会发生的身体动作。A. normally正常地；B. especially特别地；C. infrequently不经常地；D. possibly可能地。根据前文“They taught a series of dance moves to a group of patients with conditions like sleepwalking”可知这些舞蹈动作是新教授的， 这些梦游者之前是没有出现这种动作。故选A项。
【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们拍摄了受试者睡觉时的视频。A. researchers研究人员；B. subjects主语，主题，接受试验者；C. psychologists心理学家；D. walkers步行者。根据前文“a group of patients with conditions like sleepwalking”可知此处拍摄的是参加试验的人。故选B项。
【55题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：躺在床上，闭着眼睛，录像带上的一名女性患者做了她之前学过的舞蹈动作。A. reflected on反思；B. forgot about忘记；C. engaged in从事，参与，做；D. referred to参考，提到。根据下文“the dance moves she learned earlier.”可知这位女性在睡梦中又做了白天教授的舞蹈动作。故选C项。
【56题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：这表明当我们的身体休息时，我们的大脑正在从我们最近遇到的信息和事件中提取什么是重要的，然后将这些数据整合到我们已经知道的大量存储中，也许可以解释为什么梦是新鲜体验和旧记忆的奇怪混合。A. in peace和平的；B. at rest静止；C. in operation操作；D. at work工作。此处指的是我们的身体“在休息时”。故选B项。
【57题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. store存储；B. majority多数；C. range范围；D. collection收集。根据下文“what we already know”可知是已经存储的知识。故选A项。
【58题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：与没有梦到过电脑迷宫任务的大学生相比，梦见过电脑迷宫的大学生在迷宫中找到出路的能力提高了10倍。A. willingness意愿；B. ability能力；C. desire欲望；D. tendency趋势。“在迷宫中找到出路”是能力的体现。故选B项。
【59题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在睡前学习或在下午学习后小睡一会，可能会增加梦到这些材料的可能性。A. benefits利益；B. risks风险；C. difficulties困难；D. potential潜力。睡前学习或在下午学习后小睡有助于记忆的牢固，有助于“replay”这些材料的产生故选D项。
【60题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今晚你的头碰到枕头上时，想一想这些吧。A. hits打；B. imagines想象；C. leaves离开；D. punches拳打。根据常识，睡觉时要把头放枕头上。故选A项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.
(A)
They, stretching along the shore, swim quite lovely, looking for underwater greens to feed on. However, in these days, something is mixing with the sea grass that manatees(海牛)like to eat along Florida’s western coast. And it’s making them sick-even killing them.
It’s a poisonous form of algae, which is usually called “red tide” because of its color. Algae are plant-like organisms that live mainly in water. Most are harmless, but red tide is an exception. When it gets mixed in with the grass and the manatees eat it, they get so sick that they can’t even swim.
“They’re basically paralyzed(瘫痪的), and they become unconscious,” said Virginia Emonds, an animal care manager. Manatees are mammals and they need to surface often to breathe in air. If a manatee is paralyzed, it can’t swim and will drown.
As of Monday, the current red tide outbreak has killed at least 184 manatees since the beginning of this year. That has already beaten Florida’s record-high number for manatee deaths in a single year-and we still have nearly nine months to go!
The experts aren’t sure when the red tide outbreak will end. So many more manatees are in danger. The situation has gotten so desperate that Florida zoos have rescued at least a dozen manatees. You can find manatees anywhere from Brazil up to Florida-and throughout much of the Caribbean Sea.
In fact, the manatee is officially considered an endangered species. Thanks to the US government’s protection, Florida’s manatee population has grown to approximately 5,000 in recent years. But the red tide is threatening their survival. Some experts suspect that pollution from farms even might be fueling the red tide outbreak, because fertilizer that’s used on farms often winds up in water. And when that fertilized water runs off into the Gulf of Mexico, it makes things grow faster-just like on land.
61. The word “them” (in the first paragraph) probably refers to “______”.
A. endangered animals B. manatees
C. algae D. underwater greens
62. We can learn from the passage that the red tide______.
A. has caused damage to most of the underwater greens
B. serves to cultivate farm lands
C. destroy manatees’ ability to surface to breathe
D. give rise to 184 manatees’ deaths every month
63. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. The current situation of manatees in Florida.
B. The potential cause of the expansion of the red tide.
C. The fatal effect of the poisonous red tide on manatees
D. The researchers’ efforts to prevent the red tide from spreading.
64. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The red tide has been changing the manatees’ habitat.
B. The red tide has been posing a threat to the manatees.
C. The manatee is officially an endangered species.
D. More efforts should be put to save the manatees.
【答案】61. B 62. C 63. D 64. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述的是赤潮危及海牛的性命，同时介绍了赤潮形成的原因。
【61题详解】
词义猜测题。根据前文“ However, in these days, something is mixing with the sea grass that manatees(海牛)like to eat along Florida’s western coast. (然而，在这些天里，在佛罗里达州西海岸，海牛喜欢吃的海草和一些东西混合在一起。)”可知，这些天在佛罗里达州西海岸，海牛喜欢吃的海草和一些东西混合在一起。这些东西可能会杀死海牛。故划线词them指代的是前文的海牛。故选B。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“When it gets mixed in with the grass and the manatees eat it, they get so sick that they can’t even swim.(当它和草混合在一起，海牛吃了它，它们会生病，甚至不会游泳。)”以及第三段中“They’re basically paralyzed(瘫痪的), and they become unconscious.(它们基本上瘫痪了，失去知觉)”以及“ Manatees are mammals and they need to surface often to breathe in air. If a manatee is paralyzed, it can’t swim and will drown. (海牛是哺乳动物，它们需要经常浮出水面呼吸空气。如果海牛瘫痪了，它就不会游泳，会被淹死。)”可知，海牛吃了有害物质基本上会瘫痪，然后失去知觉，最后导致它们无法浮在水面上呼吸空气，于是被淹死。故选C。
【63题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The situation has gotten so desperate that Florida zoos have rescued at least a dozen manatees. (情况变得如此绝望，佛罗里达动物园已经救出了至少十几头海牛。)”以及最后一段中“Thanks to the US government’s protection, Florida’s manatee population has grown to approximately 5,000 in recent years.(由于美国政府的保护，佛罗里达州的海牛数量近年来已经增长到大约5000只。)”可知，文中提及了佛罗里达州的海牛情况；根据最后一段中“ But the red tide is threatening their survival. Some experts suspect that pollution from farms even might be fueling the red tide outbreak, because fertilizer that’s used on farms often winds up in water. (但赤潮正威胁着它们的生存。一些专家怀疑，来自农场的污染甚至可能加剧了赤潮的爆发，因为农场使用的化肥往往会进入水中。)”可知此处提及了赤潮扩大的原因；同时根据最后一段中“But the red tide is threatening their survival.(但赤潮正威胁着海牛的生存。)”可知，文中交代了赤潮对海牛生存造成的影响。故D选项“The researchers’ efforts to prevent the red tide from spreading.(研究人员为防止赤潮蔓延所做的努力。)”在文中未有提及。故选D。
【64题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章讲述的是赤潮危及海牛的性命。故B选项“The red tide has been posing a threat to the manatees.(赤潮对海牛构成了威胁。)”概括文章的主要内容。故选B。
(B)
All About Qatar
Location: Qatar is part of Asia and is in the Middle East.
It is in the northern hemisphere.
It is a peninsula (a strip of land sticking out into the ocean) surrounded by the Gulf. It has a land border in the south to Saudi Arabia.
Capital City: Doha
Official Language: Arabic. English is also widely spoken.
Currency: Qatari Riyal
Government: Qatar is an absolute monarchy. which means there is only one leader who is called an Emir. The Emir has the final say in all matters to do with governing the country.
Religion: Most Qataris are Muslim.
Flag: The flag of Qatar is maroon and white with a jagged line in between the two colours.
Climate: Qatar is warm all year round and gets very hot in summer. Temperatures can reach 50 degrees centigrade! Hardly any rain falls at all.
Sandstorms are common in Qatar.
Physical Features: Qatar is approximately 100 miles long from north to south and 50 miles from east to west. The land of Qatar is mostly barren low plains which are covered in sandy desert.
Wildlife: There is hardly any vegetation in Qatar apart from desert shrubs and grasses. In the north there are some farming areas which produce crops including dates, tomatoes and melons. Animals like goats and camels are raised too.
·The most popular sport in Qatar is football and the country has many beautiful football stadiums.
·Qatar is the host for the 2022 FIFA football World Cup.
·Qatari cuisine uses lots of fresh fish, rice and spices.
·Coffee is a very popular drink in Qatar.
·Qatar is a wealthy country due to the large deposits of oil underneath the land and natural gas (which is mostly mined off-shore).

65. The underlined word “barren” probably means “______”.
A. sandy B. poor C. fertile D. rich
66. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Powerful as the Emir is, there is still something he can’t decided.
B. There is hardly any animal due to the lack of vegetation.
C. It is an island with border to Asia.
D. In Qatar, people communicate in Arabic and English.
67. Where does the passage most probably come from?
A. A travel review. B. A tour instruction.
C. A newspaper. D. An official introduction
【答案】65. B 66. D 67. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。详细全面而简洁地介绍了卡塔尔。
65题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句，后半部分“low plains which are covered in sandy desert (被沙漠覆盖的低平原)”可知，这里的土地大多数被沙漠覆盖，因此可能很贫瘠，很差。各选项的含义为：A. sandy多沙的；B. poor差的；C. fertile肥沃的；D. rich富饶的，因此barren可能与poor同义。故选B项。
【66题详解】
细节理解题。根据第六行关于语言的介绍“Official Language: Arabic. English is also widely spoken. (官方语言：阿拉伯语。英语也被广泛使用。)”可知，卡塔尔地区人们用阿拉伯语和英语交流。故选D项。
【67题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文标题“All About Qatar (关于卡塔尔的一切)”以及下文关于该国详细全面的信息，甚至包含一个地图可知，本文可能来自与一个官方的介绍。故选D项。
(C)
According to the recent news, Massachusetts’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包)management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.
In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Massachusetts Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus’ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings-which included data from the system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities-were part of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Hasam’s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.
“While these numbers are still being validated by the state,we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”
Worker’s advocates have criticized Hasam’s plan,saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Hasam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan, which has not been finalized.
Morgan notified the Hasam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.
In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.
“The state’s facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and available to the public at the end of February,” Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”
Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Haslam’s plans for higher education in Massachusetts. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor’s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.
68. What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Massachusetts?
A. It has been flatly rejected by the governor.
B. It is backed by a campus spending analysis.
C. It will boost their financial situation.
D. It has ignored their faculty’s demands.
69. What does the campus spending analysis reveal?
A. Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.
B. Private companies play an important role in campus management.
C. Colleges exercise foil control over Their own financial affairs.
D. Facilities management by colleges is more cost-effective.
70. Workers’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would ______.
A. render a number of campus workers jobless
B. deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilities
C. make workers less motivated in performing duties
D. lead to the privatization of campus facilities
71. What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s decision?
A. The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.
B. The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.
C. The outsourcing plan will be implemented.
D. The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.
【答案】68. B 69. D 70. A 71. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了即将卸任的校长约翰·摩根站出来反对Haslam在马萨诸塞州的高等教育计划的故事。
【68题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“According to the recent news, Massachusetts’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包)management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.(根据最近的消息，马萨诸塞州的技术和社区大学将不会将其设施的管理外包给私人公司，一位领导说，这一决定是由每个校区的支出分析支持的。)”可知，关于马萨诸塞州技术学院和社区学院的这一决定是由每个校区的支出分析支持的。故选B项。
【69题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Massachusetts Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed that each campus’ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state.(在周一发给马萨诸塞州董事会系统各大学校长的一封电子邮件中，即将离任的校长约翰·摩根说，一项内部分析显示，每个校园在设施管理方面的支出都远远低于该州确定的行业标准。)”可知，校园支出分析揭示了学院管理设施的支出低于行业标准，所以由学院管理设施更划算。故选D项。
【70题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Worker’s advocates have criticized Hasam’s plan,saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits.(工人权益倡导者批评了哈桑姆的计划，称这将意味着一些校园工人将失去工作或福利。)”可知，工人的支持者认为比尔·哈斯拉姆的提议会使许多校园工人失业。故选A项。
【71题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第六段“In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is examining the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents.(该州以客户为中心的政府办公室正在研究外包的可能性，该办公室发言人米歇尔·R·马丁在一份电子邮件声明中表示，官员们仍在努力分析来自校董会的数据。)”可推知，外包计划还没有最终确定。故选B项。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
In so many ways, cyberspace (网络空间) mirrors the real world. People ask for information, play games, and share hobby tips. Others buy and sell products. Still others look for friendship, or even love.
Unlike the real world, however, your knowledge about a person is limited to words on a computer screen. Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. ____72____ So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star.
Usually, this “faceless” communication doesn’t create problems. Identity doesn’t really matter when you’re in a chat room discussing politics or hobbies. In fact, this emphasis on the idea themselves makes the Internet a great place for exciting conversation. Where else can so many people come together to chat about their interests?
____73____ They are looking for serious love relationships. Is cyberspace a good place to find love? That answer depends on whom you ask. Some of these relationships actually succeed. Others fail miserably.
Supporters of online relationships claim that the Internet allows couples to get to know each other intellectually first. Personal appearance doesn’t get in the way.
But critics of online relationships argue that no one can truly know another person in cyberspace. Why? Because the Internet gives users a lot of control over how others view them. Internet users can carefully craft their words to fit whatever image they want to give. And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. ____74____
All of this may be fine if the relationship stays in cyberspace. But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. ____75____ This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. How someone imagines an online friend is often quite different from the real person.
So, before looking for love in cyberspace, remember the advice of Internet pioneer Clifford Stoll: “Life in the real world is far richer than anything you’ll find on a computer screen.”
A. Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count.
B. In a sense, they’re not really themselves.
C. With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”.
D. But Some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with.
E. The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way.
F. However,online relationship will be damaged by this kind of image.
【答案】72. E 73. D 74. A 75. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。指出有些网络用户寻求线上恋爱关系，以及对此赞成和反对的观点。
【72题详解】
上文“Identity and appearance mean very little in cyberspace. (身份和外表在网络空间中意义不大。)”指出在网络上，身份和外貌并不重要。下文“So even the shyest person can become a chat-room star. (因此，即使是最害羞的人也可以成为聊天室明星。)”指出，现实中害羞的人在网上也可以畅所欲言。选项E“The internet encourages people to express their ideas in a freer way. (互联网鼓励人们以更自由的方式表达自己的想法。)”指出互联网对自由表达自己的鼓励，这延续上文进一步指出互联网的特性，也是下文的原因，因此符合语境。故选E项。
【73题详解】
下文“They are looking for serious love relationships. (他们正在寻找严肃的恋爱关系。)”指出，有一类人在互联网上寻求严肃恋爱关系。选项D“But some Internet users want more than just someone to chat with. (但一些互联网用户想要的不仅仅是聊天对象。)”指出有一些网络用户想要的不仅仅是简单聊天，下文是对该选项的进一步说明，两者为递进关系，因此符合语境。故选D项。
【74题详解】
上文“And they don’t have to worry about what their “faceless” communication is doing for their image. (而且他们不必担心他们的“无脸”交流会对他们的形象产生什么影响。)”指出网络上的交流，哪怕是无理的，也不会对一个人的形象造成影响。选项A“Rather, a person’s thoughts-or at least the thoughts they type-are what really count. (相反，一个人的想法或至少他们键入的想法才是真正重要的。)”指出在互联网上重要的是人们呈现在其中的思想，这是对上文的补充说明，符合语境。故选A项。
【75题详解】
上文“But not knowing a person is a big problem in a love relationship. (但不了解一个人是恋爱关系中的一个大问题。)”指出，恋爱关系中对这个人了解不够是一个大问题。下文“This inevitably leads to disappointment when couples meet in person. (这不可避免地会导致这对恋人见面时的失望。)”指出，网络上的恋人如果要线下见面，可能因为某事而失望。选项C“With so many unknowns, it’s easy to let one’s imagination “fill in the blanks”. (有这么多未知，很容易让一个人的想象力“填补空白”。)”指出因为网络恋爱两个人不够了解，他们可能通过想象来添补了解的不够，该选项是上文的补充说明，也是导致下文所说的见面问题的原因，符合语境。故选C项。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
76. 为了促进经济增长，政府立即采取措施解决当下的问题。 (resolve)(汉译英)
【答案】In order to promote economic growth, the government took immediate measures to resolve the current problems.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和非谓语动词。表示“为了促进经济增长”用in order to promote economic growth，该结构作目的状语；表示“立即采取措施做某事”用take immediate measures to do；表示“解决当前问题”用resolve the current problems，分析句子，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故翻译为In order to promote economic growth, the government took immediate measures to resolve the current problems。
77. 他之所以能获得诺贝尔奖是因为他致力于科学研究。 (commit) (汉译英)
【答案】He won the Nobel Prize because he committed himself to scientific research.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句子陈述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时。主语为he；表示“获得诺贝尔奖”应用win the Nobel Prize，动词win使用过去式won；because引导原因状语从句，从句主语用he，表示“致力于”短语为committed oneself to，宾语“科学研究”为短语scientific research。故翻译为He won the Nobel Prize because he committed himself to scientific research.
78. 尽管困难重重，她仍通过自己的努力让自己在医学界站稳脚跟。 (establish) (汉译英)
【答案】In spite of all the difficulties, she managed to establish herself in the medical field through her own efforts.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时。“尽管”为介词短语in spite of，“困难重重”为all the difficulties，作in spite of的宾语，“通过自己的努力”翻译为through her own efforts，根据句意可知，此处表示她设法让自己在医学界站位脚跟，“设法做成某事”为manage to do，“让自己在……站稳脚跟”为固定搭配establish oneself in，“医学界”为medical field，故整句翻译为In spite of all the difficulties, she managed to establish herself in the medical field through her own efforts.
79. 正是中国博大精深的文化让中国在竞争激烈的国际社会中脱颖而出。 (It) (汉译英)
【答案】It is China’s profound culture that makes it stand out in the competitive international community.
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。此处为强调句“it is+被强调部分+that+其它”，表示“中国博大精深的文化”翻译为China's profound culture；表示“让中国在竞争激烈的国际社会中脱颖而出”翻译为make it stand out in the competitive international community，为一般现在时。故翻译为It is China's profound culture that makes it stand out in the competitive international community.