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2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分重点中学高二上学期期末联考英语试题 解析版
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这是一份2022-2023学年湖北省武汉市部分重点中学高二上学期期末联考英语试题 解析版，共24页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7， She prmised等内容，欢迎下载使用。
武汉市部分重点中学2022-2023学年度上学期期末联考
高二英语试卷
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is the man’s phone broken?
A. The battery died. B. It has water damage. C. He dropped it on the ground.
2. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Turn on a fan. B. Leave the office. C. Set off the alarm.
3. How many people will be at dinner?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
4. What kept the woman awake last night?
A. The storm. B. The temperature. C. The repairs of the power.
5. What are the speakers doing?
A. Eating vegetables. B. Picking flowers. C. Shopping for fruit.
第二节 (共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman call?
A. To book a table. B. To reschedule an interview. C. To apply for a part-time job.
7. What will the woman do at 2: 30 this afternoon?
A. Attend a class. B. Meet the manager. C. Work in a restaurant.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What do we know about the girl?
A. She is always bored. B. She misses her family. C. She is busy this weekend.
9. When did the girl see her family last time?
A. On a holiday. B. On her birthday. C. At a relative’s wedding.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Child education. B. Noise disturbance. C. Pet management.
11. What do we know about the speakers’ new neighbors?
A. They have three kids. B. They have a big apartment. C. They often keep their dogs in.
12. How will the speakers probably deal with the problem?
A. Speak with their neighbors. B. Talk with the other residents. C. Send a message to their neighbors.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers?
A. In a museum. B. In a library. C. In a studio.
14. When did Ronald meet Ansel?
A. While fishing on a boat.
B. While walking through the woods.
C. While relaxing on the top of a mountain.
15. What made Ronald want to learn from Ansel?
A. That he knew the best spots.
B. That he had a passion for art.
C. That he had a wealth of information.
16. Who is Ronald?
A. A designer. B. A photographer. C. A historian.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How did the Doggerland people make a living?
A. By hunting. B. By farming. C. By trading.
18. Who often find the evidence of Doggerland?
A. Scientists. B. Fishermen. C. Historians.
19. Which modern issue do researchers warn us about?
A. Climate change. B. Immigration. C. Pollution.
20. What is the main subject of the talk?
A. The UK’s ancient flood stories.
B. The danger of flooding in the UK.
C. Ancient flooded land off the UK coast.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
THE WEEK, full of the world’s best news and facts, offering science, animals, puzzles, people, apps, photos, books, sports and eating insects, helps young people make sense of the world.
Iran Protests Continue To Escalate
People in Iran held more large protests against the government on October 30 after being warned not to by authorities. Students who took down partition walls meant to separate men and women in cafeterias were arrested. Protests began in September after the death of Mahsa Amini, who was arrested for showing her hair in public.
Lalitpur, Nepal Hindu Tihar Festival
People in Nepal marked the second day of the Tihar festival, which is dedicated to worshipping dogs and highlighting their loyalty to humans. The five-day festival is associated with the Hindu God Yama and each day is dedicated to a different animal. At the Sneha Care shelter, which is home to about 170 dogs, people spent the day giving dogs treats and placing orange garlands (花环) around their necks.
Singapore Green Tower Opens
A new 919-foot-tall skyscraper containing 80, 000 plants has opened in Singapore. The office building is also a “green oasis” for people to visit and explore. On the top floor there is a 4, 500-square foot roof top farm, which produces herbs, flowers, fruit, and vegetables for three restaurants in the building. It is estimated that the farm, which visitors can also walk through, grows between 154 and 220 pounds of produce each month.
1. Why did students pull down partition walls?
A. To warn the authorities.
B To mourn the death of Mahsa Amini.
C. To fight against inequality of genders.
D. To separate men and women in cafeterias.
2. How is the Tihar festival celebrated?
A. It is celebrated all around the world.
B People have five days off to do the celebration.
C. Different animals are treated at the Sneha Care shelter.
D. Dogs are entertained for their loyalty on its second day.
3. What does the 919-foot-tall skyscraper in Singapore function as?
A. A vertical farm. B. A shopping center.
C. An office building. D. An indoor recreation center.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。《本周》充满了世界上最好的新闻和事实，帮助年轻人了解世界。文章介绍了《本周》上的三则新闻。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Iran Protests Continue To Escalate部分下的“Students who took down partition walls meant to separate men and women in cafeterias were arrested.(拆除自助餐厅隔离男女的隔墙的学生被逮捕。)”可知，隔离墙将男女隔开，这是性别不平等的表现，由此可推知，学生推倒隔墙的原因是反对性别不平等。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lalitpur, Nepal Hindu Tihar Festival部分下的“People in Nepal marked the second day of the Tihar festival, which is dedicated to worshipping dogs and highlighting their loyalty to humans.(尼泊尔人民庆祝Tihar节的第二天，这个节日致力于崇拜狗并强调狗对人类的忠诚。)”和“At the Sneha Care shelter, which is home to about 170 dogs, people spent the day giving dogs treats and placing orange garlands (花环) around their necks.(在Sneha护理收容所，这是大约170只狗的家，人们花了一整天给狗狗零食，并把橙色花环挂在它们的脖子上。)”可知，在Tihar节的第二天狗会因为它们的忠诚而得到款待。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Singapore Green Tower Opens部分下的“A new 919-foot-tall skyscraper containing 80, 000 plants has opened in Singapore. The office building is also a “green oasis” for people to visit and explore. (一座新的919英尺高的摩天大楼在新加坡落成，其中包括8万家工厂。这个办公楼也是人们参观和探索的“绿洲”。)”可知，919英尺高的摩天大楼是一座办公楼，故选C。
B
Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. Her latest projects are no different, from museums to sculptures for Presidential centers.
Lin, 62, grew up in Ohio, the daughter of college professors who were Chinese immigrants. As a 21-year-old student at Yale University, she gained national prominence when her entry won a design competition for the new Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC. Her winning design-two black granite (花岗岩) walls engraved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing-is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.
Lin went on to design the 1989 Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama, and dozens of other projects globally, all with social and environmental justice in mind. She told The Wall Street Journal she uses facts in her art. She said, “I am going to present you with what the story is, but I am not going to draw the conclusion for you.” Currently underway is Lin’s plan for the new Museum of Chinese in America in New York City. Lin said she wants it to be a celebration of Chinese American stories and contributions to the country.
Lin is also designing a sculpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois. When Obama awarded Lin the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016, he called her work “physical acts of poetry, each reminding us that the most important element in art or architecture is human emotion.”
4. What is Maya Lin’ principle to make her creation?
A. Art is to lead to reputation.
B. Art is a physical act of poetry.
C. Art is to create something distinguished.
D. Art can be a medium to approach affairs.
5. What is conveyed in her work for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial?
A. US soldiers’ sacrifice in the Vietnam War.
B. The influence of the Vietnam War on America.
C. The bloody and cruel scenes of the Vietnam War.
D. Vietnamese soldiers’ fearless fight in the Vietnam War.
6. Where will the sculpture of Barack Obama’s mother be housed?
A. Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.
B. Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama.
C. Museum of Chinese in America in New York City.
D. Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.
7. Which of the following best suits the topic of the passage?
A. Designing with talents
B. Stirring up emotions in art
C. Becoming a great Chinese immigrant
D. Creating the most influential architecture
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了著名设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin的生平事迹。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. (设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin创作了一些最具标志性的作品和空间，她相信艺术可以解决重要的问题。)”可知，Maya Lin坚信艺术可以解决重要问题。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her winning design-two black granite (花岗岩) walls engraved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing-is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.(她的获奖设计是两面黑色花岗岩墙壁，上面刻有在越南战争（1954年至1975年）中死亡或失踪的美国军人的名字，被认为是现代建筑中最有影响力的设计之一。)”可知，在越南战争中美国士兵的牺牲在她的获奖作品中传达出来了。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lin is also designing a sculpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.(Maya Lin还在伊利诺伊州的奥巴马总统中心设计了一座雕塑，以纪念1995年去世的前总统巴拉克·奥巴马的母亲。)”可知，奥巴马母亲的雕塑会挂在伊利诺伊州的奥巴马总统中心。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了著名设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin的生平事迹，通过所创作出的艺术作品表达了不同的情感。B选项“Stirring up emotions in art(在艺术中唤起情感)”符合文章的主题。故选B。
C
Making and retaining deep, meaningful friendships as an adult is hard, especially for men. Less than half of men report being satisfied with their friendships, and only about 1 in 5 said they had received emotional support from a friend in the last week, compared with 4 in 10 women, according to a 2021 survey from the Survey Center on American Life.
Why is it so hard? When Dr. Frank Sileo, a psychologist based in Ridgewood, New Jersey, first began conducting research on male friendships in 1995, many participants assumed his survey was about homosexuality. Such stereotypes are inaccurate, but revealed some of what maybe holding some men back from deep friendships, Sileo said.
Besides, boys receive messages that growing up and “manning up” mean hiding their soft side--a mindset that neuroscience, social science and developmental psychology all show is harmful to them. The drive to toughen up and never show vulnerability (脆弱) that restricts men from friendships can lead them to loneliness, violence and anger. “We consider relationships as feminine.” Sileo said. “If that’s a feminine (女性特有的) thing, it becomes a weakness or inability if men admit to needing friendships. ”
Thus, men seeking closeness might turn to those they see as better at building relationships and feel comfortable exploring their vulnerability with: the women in their lives and their romantic partners, according to Sileo’s research. It may seem like a good solution, but putting everything on a romantic partner can strain a relationship, whether it is going to a female partner exclusively for emotional support or depending on her to cultivate friendships and get-together for holidays and weekends. It is crucial to have multiple people to go to for support for different perspectives. “Men need to know it’s not just a woman thing.” she said. “They need to know that men can do it, too. ”
We live in a culture that clashes with our nature. If we raise children to go against their nature, we shouldn’t be surprised if some of those children grow up to struggle. Research has shown expression of negative emotions improved men’s emotional well-being, increased feelings of being understood and resulted in less reported loneliness. So just as many men make a great effort to eat right, exercise, succeed in their careers and raise children, men should prioritize developing friendships as well.
8. Why does the author mention some numbers in the first paragraph?
A. To inform a fact. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To support an opinion. D. To make a comparison.
9. What do we know about Dr. Frank Sileo’s research in 1995?
A. It studies men’s health.
B. It studies men’s friendships.
C. It studies male homosexuality.
D. It studies reasons why men lack deep friendships.
10. Which one may be the consequence if a man lacks friendship?
A. A man may get used to it. B. A man may turn to a woman.
C. A man may become feminine. D. A man may focus more on his career.
11. Which column does this passage most probably belong to?
A. Science B. Culture C. Health D. Entertainment
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是成年男人需要友谊，这是十分重要的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Making and retaining deep, meaningful friendships as an adult is hard, especially for men. Less than half of men report being satisfied with their friendships, and only about 1 in 5 said they had received emotional support from a friend in the last week, compared with 4 in 10 women, according to a 2021 survey from the Survey Center on American Life.(作为一个成年人，建立并保持深厚而有意义的友谊是很难的，尤其是对男人来说。美国生活调查中心2021年的一项调查显示，只有不到一半的男性表示对自己的友谊感到满意，只有约五分之一的男性表示，他们在上周从朋友那里得到了情感支持，而女性的这一比例为十分之四。)”可知，第一段中通过数字来说明的“作为一个成年人，建立并保持深厚而有意义的友谊是很难的，尤其是对男人来说”这一观点。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“When Dr. Frank Sileo, a psychologist based in Ridgewood, New Jersey, first began conducting research on male friendships in 1995, many participants assumed his survey was about homosexuality. ( 1995年，新泽西州里奇伍德的心理学家弗兰克·西莱奥博士首次开始对男性友谊进行研究时，许多参与者都以为他的调查是关于同性恋的。)”可知，弗兰克·西莱奥博士在1995年研究的是男人之间的友谊。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thus, men seeking closeness might turn to those they see as better at building relationships and feel comfortable exploring their vulnerability with: the women in their lives and their romantic partners, according to Sileo’s research. (因此，根据Sileo的研究，寻求亲密关系的男性可能会转向那些他们认为更善于建立关系、更能自如地探索自己弱点的人：生活中的女性和他们的浪漫伴侣。)”可知，男士缺乏友谊的时候，他们会转向生活中的女性或者是他们的浪漫伴侣。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Research has shown expression of negative emotions improved men’s emotional well-being, increased feelings of being understood and resulted in less reported loneliness. So just as many men make a great effort to eat right, exercise, succeed in their careers and raise children, men should prioritize developing friendships as well.(研究表明，负面情绪的表达能够提高男性的情绪幸福感，增加被理解的感觉，减少人们所说的孤独感。因此，就像许多男人努力保持正确的饮食、锻炼、事业成功和抚养孩子一样，男人也应该优先考虑发展友谊。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是在生活中友谊对于成年男性来说是很重要的，他们可以向朋友倾诉负面情绪，这能提高他们的情绪幸福感，增加被理解的感觉，减少孤独感，由此可以推断文章选自于健康栏目。故选C。
D
While DNA from animal bones or teeth can cast light on an individual species, environmental DNA enabled scientists to build a picture of a whole ecosystem.
A core of ice age sediment (沉积物) from northern Greenland has yielded the world’s oldest sequences of DNA. The 2 million-year-old DNA samples revealed the now largely lifeless polar region was once home to rich plant and animal life — including elephant-like mammals known as mastodons (乳齿象), reindeer, hares, lemmings, geese, birch trees and poplars, according to new research published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
The finding is the work of scientists in Denmark who were able to detect and restore environmental DNA — genetic material drop into the environment by all living organisms — in tiny amounts of sediment taken from the Copenhagen Formation, in the mouth of a strait in the Arctic Ocean in Greenland’s northernmost point, during a 2006 expedition.
They then compared the DNA pieces with libraries of DNA collected from both extinct and living animals, plants and microorganisms. The genetic material revealed dozens of other plants and creatures that had not been previously detected at the site based on what’s known from fossils and pollen records.
“The first thing that blew our mind when we’re looking at this data is obviously this mastodon and the presence of it that far north, which is quite far north of what we knew as its natural range,” said study co-author Mikkel Pedersen.
The mix of temperate (温带) and Arctic trees and animals suggested a previously unknown type of ecosystem that has no modern equivalent — one that could act as a genetic road map for how different species might adapt to a warmer climate, the researchers found.
Love Dalen, a professor at the Centre for Palaeogenetics at Stockholm University, said the finding “pushed the envelope” for the field of ancient DNA. “Also, the findings that several temperate species (such as relatives of spruce and mastodon) lived at such high latitudes are exceptionally interesting,” he added.
Further study of environmental DNA from this time period could help scientists understand how various organisms might adapt to climate change. “It’s a climate that we expect to face on Earth due to global warming and it gives us some idea of how nature will respond to increasing temperatures,” he explained.
12. What can we know about environmental DNA from the passage?
A. It makes it easier to understand individual species.
B. It is a collection of DNA from all kinds of living things.
C. It includes DNA of mammals living 2 million years ago.
D. It was first discovered in sediment from northern Greenland.
13. How did the scientists identify the result of their research?
A. By looking at the data of mastodon.
B. By detecting DNA samples at the site.
C. By analyzing fossils and pollen records.
D. By comparing the newly-found DNA with existing ones.
14. What do the underlined words mean in the 7th paragraph?
A. broke the limit B. laid a foundation
C. raised a new question D. attracted wide attention
15. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Northern Greenland faces species extinction
B. Oldest DNA reveals a solution to global warming
C. Northern Greenland faces increasing temperatures
D. Oldest DNA reveals a 2 million-year-old ecosystem
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明，世界上最古老的DNA序列显示了如今没有生命的极地地区在200万年前曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The finding is the work of scientists in Denmark who were able to detect and restore environmental DNA — genetic material drop into the environment by all living organisms(这项发现是丹麦科学家的工作，他们能够检测和恢复环境DNA——遗传物质滴入环境中的所有生物体)”可知，环境DNA是各种生物DNA的集合。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“They then compared the DNA pieces with libraries of DNA collected from both extinct and living animals, plants and microorganisms.(然后，他们将这些 DNA片段与从已经灭绝和活着的动物、植物和微生物中收集的DNA文库进行比较)”可知，科学家们通过比较新发现的DNA和现有的DNA来确定他们的研究结果的，故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“The mix of temperate (温带) and Arctic trees and animals suggested a previously unknown type of ecosystem that has no modern equivalent — one that could act as a genetic road map for how different species might adapt to a warmer climate, the researchers found.(研究人员发现，温带和北极的树木和动物的混合表明了一种以前未知的生态系统类型，这种生态系统没有现代的对应物——它可以作为不同物种如何适应更温暖气候的基因路线图)”可知，研究人员发现了一种以前未知的生态系统类型，结合划线短语所在句子“Love Dalen, a professor at the Centre for Palaeogenetics at Stockholm University, said the finding “pushed the envelope” for the field of ancient DNA.(斯德哥尔摩大学古遗传学中心的拉夫·达伦教授说，这一发现“pushed the envelope”古DNA领域)”可知，发现一种以前未知的生态系统类型这是一个突破，即对古DNA领域来说，是一种突破。由此可知，划线短语“pushed the envelope”与A项“broke the limit(突破极限)”意思一样，故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“A core of ice age sediment (沉积物) from northern Greenland has yielded the world’s oldest sequences of DNA. The 2 million-year-old DNA samples revealed the now largely lifeless polar region was once home to rich plant and animal life - including elephant-like mammals known as mastodons (乳齿象), reindeer, hares, lemmings, geese, birch trees and poplars, according to new research published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.(来自格陵兰岛北部的冰河时期沉积物的核心已经产生了世界上最古老的DNA序列。周三发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明，200万年前的DNA样本显示，如今基本上没有生命的极地地区曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园，包括像大象一样的哺乳动物，如乳齿象、驯鹿、野兔、旅鼠、鹅、桦树和白杨。)”可知，文章主要讲述了《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明，世界上最古老的DNA序列显示了如今没有生命的极地地区在200万年前曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园。由此可知，D项“最古老的DNA揭示了一个有两百万年历史的生态系统”适合作文章标题，故选D。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wasted-time worry
The idea that time is our most precious resource can bring with it a sense of time-pressure. We are always told “Time is money and time is running out”, so we must manage it well. We take time-management courses, download the latest productivity app and divide our day into blocks, so our time is never wasted.
______16______ . It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else. We can spend an afternoon regretting for the time we wasted that morning, spoiling hours that would otherwise have been available to us. Sometimes it’s not just the hours we worry about wasting, ______17______ —the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people. Often, when we worry about wasting time, we are comparing ourselves to how productive we assume other people are. It makes us feel that everyone is using their time well except ourselves.
We need to shift away from trying to maximize our time and reduce our worry about wasting it. We don’t have to view every moment we don’t spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too. ______18______ . In a society that emphasizes the productive use of time, we can easily forget that time we enjoyed wasting is not wasted time.
Then how much should we be working? Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. ______19______ .
We often encounter empty time, throwing us into boredom, panic or anxiety, or add to our wasted-time worry. ______20______ . For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second. We can allow us to pause and think. We can see our commuting time as a chance to let our mind wander rather than checking social media.
A. Working beyond that can be a waste
B. Working to maximum is the secret to success
C. but the scraps of time that get lost in between
D. We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life
E. However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wish
F. We can simply set aside more moments for the work of the day
G. Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人在生活中拥有浪费时间的担忧，但是作者认为这是不必要的。
【16题详解】
根据后文的“It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else.(它告诉我们，我们应该用我们的时间做更多的事情或做其他事情。)”可知，此处强调的是我们总是被告知要充分利用时间，利用时间去做更多的事情或者其他的事情，故我们深深陷入一种时间焦虑或者时间担忧的情绪中。G选项“Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry.(然而，在我们疯狂地试图解释每一个小时的时候，我们陷入了浪费时间的担忧中。)”与下文的It呼应，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前文的“Sometimes it’s not just the hours we worry about wasting,(有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时间，)”可知，此处强调的是有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时间，后文应该与此构成转折关系，即强调我们还有其他的担心。C选项“but the scraps of time that get lost in between(但是在这中间丢失的零碎时间)”与前文构成转折关系，并指出其他的担忧是在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间，引出下文“the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people(无数分钟花在琐碎的琐事上，回复邮件，回复短信，等待他人)”举例讲在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据前文的“We don’t have to view every moment we don’t spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too.(我们不必把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费。这些时刻也可能有价值。)”可知，此处强调我们没有必要把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费，后文应该强调我们可以承认被浪费时间的价值。D选项“We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life.(我们可以简单地欣赏它们在我们生命中所扮演的角色。)”承接上文，承认被浪费时间在生命中的价值。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. (研究人员表示，在大多数日子里，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。)”指出，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。后文对此极限进行探讨。A选项“Working beyond that can be a waste.(超出这个范围工作可能是一种浪费。)”中的that指代前文的three to four hours of high-quality。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文“For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second. (例如，我们可以更适应空虚的时刻，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。)”可知，此处举例说明我们可以在某些时候虚度光阴，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。E选项“However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wish。(然而，我们一天中需要一些时间来随心所欲地浪费。)”强调我们一天中需要一些时间来随心所欲地浪费，与下文呼应。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lionel Messi was born on June 24, 1987, in Argentina. He was nicknamed “Leo”. He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football. ____21____, young Leo developed a passion for football himself.
At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was ____22____ by his father. Leo practiced day in and day out, ____23____ outings with his friends before a game. His father continued Leo’s ____24____ even though he battled with money and struggled to make the best of his child. Football made Leo happy and ____25____ him. He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.
His grandmother used to ____26____ accompany Leo to training sessions as a child. When he was 10, his grandmother passed away. The family was shocked and her ____27____ affected Messi beyond description. He didn’t ____28____ a football for weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on. He returned, aiming to make his grandmother ____29____ . After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky, dedicating the _____30_____ to his grandmother.
But as he grew older his height remained the same. He was _____31_____ with an inability to grow. This meant he _____32_____ being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.
Despite all of these _____33_____, Messi remained positive and hopeful. Hard effort paid off. F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a (n) _____34_____ with him on a napkin.
As the seasons went on, the talented football player kept improving and breaking his own records. Now he has _____35_____ his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.
You have to fight to reach your dream. You have to sacrifice and work hard for it.
- Lionel Messi
21. A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Eventually D. Naturally
22. A. pushed B. coached C. raised D. scolded
23. A. skipping B. considering C. blocking D. arranging
24. A. intervention B. expectation C. instruction D. motivation
25. A. benefited B. motivated C. comforted D. affected
26. A. routinely B. entirely C. sincerely D. properly
27. A. company B. attention C. presence D. absence
28. A. pick B. touch C. grab D. tackle
29. A. amazed B. unique C. proud D. sacred
30. A. victory B. outcome C. credit D. wonder
31. A. infected B. diagnosed C. surrounded D. associated
32. A. ended up B. turned out C. kept up D. stood out
33. A. changes B. crises C. obstacles D. losses
34. A. file B. signature C. initiative D. contract
35. A. pursued B. challenged C. achieved D. scored
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了足球运动员梅西的人生故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然地，年轻的里奥对足球产生了热情。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. Personally就个人而言地；C. Eventually最后；D. Naturally自然而言地。由上文“He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football.”可知，他的家人热爱足球，自然而然地，他也受到影响，喜欢足球，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：四岁的时候，里奥加入了Grandoli地方俱乐部，在那里他的父亲是他的教练。A. pushed推；B. coached教导；C. raised提高；D. scolded责备。由上文“where he was”和下文“His father continued Leo’s”可知，里奥加入了Grandoli地方俱乐部，在那里他的父亲教他踢足球，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里奥日复一日地练习，在比赛前不去和他的朋友们郊游。A. skipping跳跃；不做（某事）；B. considering考虑；C. blocking阻止；D. arranging安排。由上文“Leo practiced day in and day out,”可知，里奥在比赛前不去和他的朋友们郊游，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲继续指导里奥，即使他与金钱作斗争，他也努力使他的孩子发挥出最好的一面。A. intervention发明；B. expectation期望；C. instruction指导；D. motivation动机。由上文“At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was __2___by his father.”可知，此处指他的父亲继续指导他踢足球，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：足球让里奥很开心，也激励了他。A. benefited使受益；B. motivated激励；C. comforted安慰；D. affected影响。由下文“He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.”可知，里奥开始梦想成为一名职业足球运动员，这说明足球激励了他。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：小时候，他的祖母经常陪伴他参加训练课程。A. routinely例行公事地；惯常地；通常地；B. entirely整个地；完全地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. properly合适地。由下文“accompany Leo to training sessions as a child.”可知，他的祖母过去通常都陪他去训练，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：全家人都很震惊，她不在了，对梅西的影响无法形容。A. company公司；B. attention注意力；C. presence出席；D. absence缺席；不在。由上文“When he was 10, his grandmother passed away.”可知，祖母去世了，所以不在了，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好几个星期都没有碰足球，但他的父亲鼓励他继续下去。A. pick挑选；B. touch触摸；碰；C. grab抓住；D. tackle处理。由下文“a football for weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on.”和上文提到的祖母去世对梅西影响很大可知，祖母去世后，他好几个星期都没有碰球，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他回来了，目的是为了让他的祖母感到骄傲。A. amazed惊讶的；B. unique独一无二的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sacred害怕的。由上文“He returned, aiming to make his grandmother”和上文提到祖母对梅西影响很大可知，在祖母去世后他好几个星期都没有碰球，但如今他回来了，开始踢足球，目的是为了让祖母骄傲，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次进球后，他都会指着天空，把胜利献给他的祖母。A. victory胜利；B. outcome结果；C. credit信用；D. wonder好奇。由上文“After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky”可知，进球即胜利的意思，此处指每次进球后，他都会指着天空，把胜利献给他的祖母，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被诊断为无法成长。A. infected感染；B. diagnosed诊断；C. surrounded围绕；D. associated联系。由下文“with an inability to grow”可知，他被诊断为无法成长，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这意味着除非他得到每月1500美元的特殊治疗，否则他最终会变成一个侏儒。A. ended up结束；B. turned out结果是；C. kept up保持；继续；D. stood out突出。由下文“being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.”可知，如果不接受治疗，他最终就会变成一个侏儒，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这些障碍，梅西仍然保持着乐观和希望。A. changes改变；B. crises危机；C. obstacles障碍；D. losses损失。由上文“He was____11__with an inability to grow. This meant he___12____being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.”可知，梅西被诊断为无法生长，且需要花费昂贵的治疗费，这对于他来说，是一些障碍，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴塞罗那雇佣了梅西，并在一张餐巾纸上与他签订了一份合同。A. file文件；B. signature签名；C. initiative主动权；D. contract合同。由上文“F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a”可知，巴塞罗那雇佣了梅西，所以和他签订了一份合同，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在他已经实现了他的目标，带回了世界杯，并创造了历史。A. pursued追求；B. challenged挑战；C. achieved实现；D. scored得分。由下文“his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.”和最后一段“You have to fight to reach your dream.”以及常识可知，梅西带领阿根廷队在卡塔尔世界杯上获得了冠军，现在他已经实现了他的目标——带回了世界杯，并创造了历史，故选C。
第二节 (共10小题每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Can you get reinfected with the coronavirus? Yes it’s definitely possible to get COVID-19more than once.
“Even before the virus started to turn into different variants, there were already many _____36_____ (document) cases of people getting reinfected,” Dr OttoYang, a professor in infectious diseases, told TODAY. As more variants emerge, reinfections only become more likely because those variants can _____37_____ (potential) escape the immune protection we already have.
Dr Bernard Camins notes that _____38_____ experts may define as a “mild” infection can still feel subjectively awful-and of course cause _____39_____ (disrupt) in your daily life. “In most cases, the symptoms are less severe, meaning your likelihood of death or severe disease is _____40_____ (low),” he said. But if your symptoms cause you to miss work for a longer period of time or it takes you a few weeks _____41_____ (recover), “that’s still pretty significant” even if it doesn’t send you to hospital.
And there is still a small chance that you may experience severe symptoms or that you will spread the virus to someone with a weakened immune system or other hidden condition that puts them _____42_____ a higher risk. Among 7, 300 patients hospitalized with symptoms like those of COVID-19, those who were unvaccinated (未接种疫苗) but previously _____43_____ (have) the illness were five times more likely to test positive for the infection than those who were vaccinated.
To prevent COVID-19 reinfections, you can use _____44_____ same public health strategies that we know can help prevent an initial coronavirus infection. That ______45______ (include) getting vaccinated, wearing a mask in public, getting tested when appropriate and focusing on ventilation (通风) .
【答案】36. documented
37. potentially
38. what 39. disruption##disruptions
40. lower 41. to recover
42. at 43. had had
44. the 45. includes
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明再次感染新冠病毒的可能性，以及介绍了如何防止再次感染的措施。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至在病毒开始变异之前，就已经有许多人被再次感染的记录案例。本题空格前有many修饰名词的词，而空格后有名词cases，说明空格处需要填形容词修饰名词，但是括号中提示词是document，其词性可以是动词意思是“记录”，与其逻辑主语cases之间是被动关系，所以变成过去分词作定语。故填documented。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着越来越多的变异出现，再次感染的可能性只会越来越大，因为这些变异有可能逃过我们已有的免疫保护。本题空格前是情态动词can，而空格后是动词原形escape，说明此处需要填写副词，用来修饰动词。故填potentially。
【38题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：伯纳德·卡米斯博士指出，专家定义的“轻微”感染在主观上仍然感觉很糟糕，当然也会扰乱你的日常生活。本题空格前有that引导的接在动词notes后的宾语从句，在宾语从句中有主语从句部分“experts may define as a “mild” infection”但缺少连接词，而且主语从句中缺少宾语成分。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：伯纳德·卡米斯博士指出，专家定义的“轻微”感染在主观上仍然感觉很糟糕，当然也会扰乱你的日常生活。本题空格前有谓语动词cause，空格后是状语部分“in your daily life”说明此处缺少动词后宾语成分，括号中提示词是动词，需要转变成名词作宾语。故填disruption或disruptions。
【40题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：在大多数情况下，症状不那么严重，这意味着你死亡或严重疾病的可能性更低。本题空格前有提示“less severe”说明此处在比较症状严重程度和死亡率的高低。故填lower。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果你的症状导致你长时间不能上班，或者需要几周时间才能恢复，即使没有送你去医院，“这仍然是相当严重的”。本题空格前有固定搭配it+takes+时间+to do sth.表示花……时间做某事。故填to recover。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：你仍然有很小的可能会出现严重的症状，或者你会把病毒传播给免疫系统较弱或其他隐藏疾病的人，使他们处于更高的风险中。本题空格处需要填介词与后面结构形成固定短语at a higher risk意思是“处于更高的风险”。故填at。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在7300名出现类似COVID-19症状的住院患者中，那些未接种疫苗但之前曾患有这种疾病的人，其感染检测呈阳性的可能性是接种疫苗的人的5倍。本题根据句意可知，这里指曾经未注射疫苗且有疾病的人更有被感染的风险，句子中谓语动词were是一般过去时态，而括号中动词have，表示患病的意思，动作发生在were之前，需要使用过去完成时态。故填had had。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：为了防止COVID-19的再次感染，你可以使用我们所知道的可以帮助预防首次冠状病毒感染的相同公共卫生策略。本题空格填写定冠词与空格后same形成固定搭配the same，意思是“相同的”。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查动词一般现在时态。句意：这10项措施包括接种疫苗，在公共场合戴口罩，在适当的时候进行检测，并注意通风。本题空格前指示代词that做主语，空格后是列举的预防措施，空格处需要填写谓语动词，使用一般现在时态表示说明的是客观事实。故填includes。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华。近年来出国留学低龄化趋势越来越明显，某英语报就此事的利弊向广大学生征稿。请你根据以下要点向该报社投稿，就此事谈谈你的看法。
1. 出国留学低龄化现象引起关注；
2. 你的观点。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you my opinion on students going abroad for studies when they are very young, which is a growing trend in recent years.
I hold the opinion that going to study abroad is a good thing, which helps students broaden their horizons, but I don’t think it’s necessary for them to do that too early. For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg. For another, some students may not be mature enough to handle the tremendous pressure of living in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills, thus resulting in physical and mental health problems.
As far as I am concerned, studying abroad has its potential benefits but families should think twice if the kids are too young.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语报投稿，就近年来出国留学低龄化趋势的利弊谈谈你的看法。内容包括：出国留学低龄化现象引起关注；你的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
观点：opinion→view
巨大的：tremendous→huge
压力：pressure→stress
好处：benefits→advantages
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg.
拓展句：For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg, which is a big burden for some families.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to tell you my opinion on students going abroad for studies when they are very young, which is a growing trend in recent years. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I hold the opinion that going to study abroad is a good thing, which helps students broaden their horizons, but I don’t think it’s necessary for them to do that too early. (运用了that引导的同位语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We found out that Jenny was hearing impaired, when she was four and a half years old. Several surgeries and speech classes later, when she was seven, we found out that Jenny had Rheumatoid Arthritis (关节炎) . She could not put pressure on the heels of her feet, so she walked on tiptoe, and when the pain became unbearable, I carried her. All through grade school, and on into high school, Jenny suffered, yet never complained. She took her medicine, and I would often wrap her feet in steaming towels and hold her until the pain eased. But as soon as she could withstand (顶住) the pain, Jenny immediately carried on as though she were pain free.
She wore a smile on her face, a song on her lips, and a love and acceptance of others, that was simply amazing. I don’t remember her ever voicing self-pity. She ran when she could run. She played when she could play. She danced when she could dance. And when she could do none of these things, she took her medicine and she waited until she could.
Jenny, a beautiful blonde, with warm brown eyes, was never a cheerleader. She never competed in a sport. Jenny continued to have one surgery after another on her ears. Her hearing improved to 60%, and she taught herself to read lips. She carried a pillow to school, all through high school. She was totally mainstreamed, popular and funny, watching every football game, cheering the team on, carrying her pillow everywhere she went, so that she could ease the pain when she sat down.
Then came her senior year. She would be considered for scholarships. However, school activities, especially sports, could often mean the difference between receiving an award or losing out, so Jenny came to a decision. Although she couldn’t compete as a football player, she could provide supporting services for the high school football team. Jenny began to beg the football coach. She pleaded (恳求). She promised.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1
Finally the coach gave in, appointing Jenny as the manager of the team.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2
At the end of this season, the coach was asked why the team was winning all the games this year.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Finally the coach gave in, appointing Jenny as the manager of the team. Before every game, Jenny prepared water for her teammates as well as bandaged knees and ankles. In addition, she gave pep talks, cheering the team on. She spared no effort to be continually at their beck and call. Often Jenny could be seen carrying a bucket of water in each hand, nearly dragging them, along with her pillow tucked under her arm. Fortunately, with Jenny’s support, it turned out to be one of the best years for the high school football team.
At the end of this season, the coach was asked why the team was winning all their games this year. He owed it to Jenny. “Well, when you’ve been knocked down, and you can’t seem to move, you look up and see Jenny, limping across the field, dragging her buckets and carrying her pillow. It makes anything the rest of us may suffer seem pretty insignificant.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了女孩Jenny虽然从小被诊断有听力障碍并患有类风湿性关节炎，但是却对生活充满了热爱，积极乐观地争取奖学金。她的这种生活态度感染了身边的每一个人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后教练让步了，任命Jenny为球队经理。”以及第二段首句内容“在这个赛季结束时，有人问教练为什么球队今年赢了所有的比赛。”可知，第一段可描写Jenny所在球队赢得了所有的比赛
②由第二段首句内容“在这个赛季结束时，有人问教练为什么球队今年赢了所有的比赛。”可知，第二段可描写Jenny对自己所在球队的影响。
2.续写线索：教练让Jenny担任球队经理——Jenny服务球队——所在球队赢得了所有比赛——教练认为这都是Jenny的功劳
3.词汇激活
行为类
①竭尽全力：spare no effort/make all efforts/try one’s best
②归功于：owe…to…/give the credit to
③结果是：turn out to be/prove to be
情绪类
①幸运地：fortunately/luckily
②微不足道：insignificant/unimportant
【点睛】【高分句型1】Often Jenny could be seen carrying a bucket of water in each hand, nearly dragging them, along with her pillow tucked under her arm.（运用了现在分词担当主语补足语）
【高分句型2】Well, when you’ve been knocked down, and you can’t seem to move, you look up and see Jenny, limping across the field, dragging her buckets and carrying her pillow.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
听力1-5 BBCBC 6-10 CABAB 11-15 CCACB 16-20 AABAC
武汉市部分重点中学2022-2023学年度上学期期末联考
高二英语试卷
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why is the man’s phone broken?
A. The battery died. B. It has water damage. C. He dropped it on the ground.
2. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Turn on a fan. B. Leave the office. C. Set off the alarm.
3. How many people will be at dinner?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.
4. What kept the woman awake last night?
A. The storm. B. The temperature. C. The repairs of the power.
5. What are the speakers doing?
A. Eating vegetables. B. Picking flowers. C. Shopping for fruit.
第二节 (共15小题，每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman call?
A. To book a table. B. To reschedule an interview. C. To apply for a part-time job.
7. What will the woman do at 2: 30 this afternoon?
A. Attend a class. B. Meet the manager. C. Work in a restaurant.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What do we know about the girl?
A. She is always bored. B. She misses her family. C. She is busy this weekend.
9. When did the girl see her family last time?
A. On a holiday. B. On her birthday. C. At a relative’s wedding.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What are the speakers mainly discussing?
A. Child education. B. Noise disturbance. C. Pet management.
11. What do we know about the speakers’ new neighbors?
A. They have three kids. B. They have a big apartment. C. They often keep their dogs in.
12. How will the speakers probably deal with the problem?
A. Speak with their neighbors. B. Talk with the other residents. C. Send a message to their neighbors.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers?
A. In a museum. B. In a library. C. In a studio.
14. When did Ronald meet Ansel?
A. While fishing on a boat.
B. While walking through the woods.
C. While relaxing on the top of a mountain.
15. What made Ronald want to learn from Ansel?
A. That he knew the best spots.
B. That he had a passion for art.
C. That he had a wealth of information.
16. Who is Ronald?
A. A designer. B. A photographer. C. A historian.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How did the Doggerland people make a living?
A. By hunting. B. By farming. C. By trading.
18. Who often find the evidence of Doggerland?
A. Scientists. B. Fishermen. C. Historians.
19. Which modern issue do researchers warn us about?
A. Climate change. B. Immigration. C. Pollution.
20. What is the main subject of the talk?
A. The UK’s ancient flood stories.
B. The danger of flooding in the UK.
C. Ancient flooded land off the UK coast.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
THE WEEK, full of the world’s best news and facts, offering science, animals, puzzles, people, apps, photos, books, sports and eating insects, helps young people make sense of the world.
Iran Protests Continue To Escalate
People in Iran held more large protests against the government on October 30 after being warned not to by authorities. Students who took down partition walls meant to separate men and women in cafeterias were arrested. Protests began in September after the death of Mahsa Amini, who was arrested for showing her hair in public.
Lalitpur, Nepal Hindu Tihar Festival
People in Nepal marked the second day of the Tihar festival, which is dedicated to worshipping dogs and highlighting their loyalty to humans. The five-day festival is associated with the Hindu God Yama and each day is dedicated to a different animal. At the Sneha Care shelter, which is home to about 170 dogs, people spent the day giving dogs treats and placing orange garlands (花环) around their necks.
Singapore Green Tower Opens
A new 919-foot-tall skyscraper containing 80, 000 plants has opened in Singapore. The office building is also a “green oasis” for people to visit and explore. On the top floor there is a 4, 500-square foot roof top farm, which produces herbs, flowers, fruit, and vegetables for three restaurants in the building. It is estimated that the farm, which visitors can also walk through, grows between 154 and 220 pounds of produce each month.
1. Why did students pull down partition walls?
A. To warn the authorities.
B To mourn the death of Mahsa Amini.
C. To fight against inequality of genders.
D. To separate men and women in cafeterias.
2. How is the Tihar festival celebrated?
A. It is celebrated all around the world.
B People have five days off to do the celebration.
C. Different animals are treated at the Sneha Care shelter.
D. Dogs are entertained for their loyalty on its second day.
3. What does the 919-foot-tall skyscraper in Singapore function as?
A. A vertical farm. B. A shopping center.
C. An office building. D. An indoor recreation center.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。《本周》充满了世界上最好的新闻和事实，帮助年轻人了解世界。文章介绍了《本周》上的三则新闻。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Iran Protests Continue To Escalate部分下的“Students who took down partition walls meant to separate men and women in cafeterias were arrested.(拆除自助餐厅隔离男女的隔墙的学生被逮捕。)”可知，隔离墙将男女隔开，这是性别不平等的表现，由此可推知，学生推倒隔墙的原因是反对性别不平等。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Lalitpur, Nepal Hindu Tihar Festival部分下的“People in Nepal marked the second day of the Tihar festival, which is dedicated to worshipping dogs and highlighting their loyalty to humans.(尼泊尔人民庆祝Tihar节的第二天，这个节日致力于崇拜狗并强调狗对人类的忠诚。)”和“At the Sneha Care shelter, which is home to about 170 dogs, people spent the day giving dogs treats and placing orange garlands (花环) around their necks.(在Sneha护理收容所，这是大约170只狗的家，人们花了一整天给狗狗零食，并把橙色花环挂在它们的脖子上。)”可知，在Tihar节的第二天狗会因为它们的忠诚而得到款待。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Singapore Green Tower Opens部分下的“A new 919-foot-tall skyscraper containing 80, 000 plants has opened in Singapore. The office building is also a “green oasis” for people to visit and explore. (一座新的919英尺高的摩天大楼在新加坡落成，其中包括8万家工厂。这个办公楼也是人们参观和探索的“绿洲”。)”可知，919英尺高的摩天大楼是一座办公楼，故选C。
B
Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. Her latest projects are no different, from museums to sculptures for Presidential centers.
Lin, 62, grew up in Ohio, the daughter of college professors who were Chinese immigrants. As a 21-year-old student at Yale University, she gained national prominence when her entry won a design competition for the new Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC. Her winning design-two black granite (花岗岩) walls engraved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing-is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.
Lin went on to design the 1989 Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama, and dozens of other projects globally, all with social and environmental justice in mind. She told The Wall Street Journal she uses facts in her art. She said, “I am going to present you with what the story is, but I am not going to draw the conclusion for you.” Currently underway is Lin’s plan for the new Museum of Chinese in America in New York City. Lin said she wants it to be a celebration of Chinese American stories and contributions to the country.
Lin is also designing a sculpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois. When Obama awarded Lin the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2016, he called her work “physical acts of poetry, each reminding us that the most important element in art or architecture is human emotion.”
4. What is Maya Lin’ principle to make her creation?
A. Art is to lead to reputation.
B. Art is a physical act of poetry.
C. Art is to create something distinguished.
D. Art can be a medium to approach affairs.
5. What is conveyed in her work for the Vietnam Veterans Memorial?
A. US soldiers’ sacrifice in the Vietnam War.
B. The influence of the Vietnam War on America.
C. The bloody and cruel scenes of the Vietnam War.
D. Vietnamese soldiers’ fearless fight in the Vietnam War.
6. Where will the sculpture of Barack Obama’s mother be housed?
A. Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, DC.
B. Civil Rights Memorial in Montgomery, Alabama.
C. Museum of Chinese in America in New York City.
D. Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.
7. Which of the following best suits the topic of the passage?
A. Designing with talents
B. Stirring up emotions in art
C. Becoming a great Chinese immigrant
D. Creating the most influential architecture
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了著名设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin的生平事迹。
4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Maya Lin, designer and sculptor, has created some of the most iconic works and spaces with the belief that art can address important issues. (设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin创作了一些最具标志性的作品和空间，她相信艺术可以解决重要的问题。)”可知，Maya Lin坚信艺术可以解决重要问题。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Her winning design-two black granite (花岗岩) walls engraved with the names of US service members who died in the Vietnam War (1954-1975) or remain missing-is considered one of the most influential in modern architecture.(她的获奖设计是两面黑色花岗岩墙壁，上面刻有在越南战争（1954年至1975年）中死亡或失踪的美国军人的名字，被认为是现代建筑中最有影响力的设计之一。)”可知，在越南战争中美国士兵的牺牲在她的获奖作品中传达出来了。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Lin is also designing a sculpture to honor former President Barack Obama’s mother, who died in 1995, at the Obama Presidential Center in Illinois.(Maya Lin还在伊利诺伊州的奥巴马总统中心设计了一座雕塑，以纪念1995年去世的前总统巴拉克·奥巴马的母亲。)”可知，奥巴马母亲的雕塑会挂在伊利诺伊州的奥巴马总统中心。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了著名设计师兼雕塑家Maya Lin的生平事迹，通过所创作出的艺术作品表达了不同的情感。B选项“Stirring up emotions in art(在艺术中唤起情感)”符合文章的主题。故选B。
C
Making and retaining deep, meaningful friendships as an adult is hard, especially for men. Less than half of men report being satisfied with their friendships, and only about 1 in 5 said they had received emotional support from a friend in the last week, compared with 4 in 10 women, according to a 2021 survey from the Survey Center on American Life.
Why is it so hard? When Dr. Frank Sileo, a psychologist based in Ridgewood, New Jersey, first began conducting research on male friendships in 1995, many participants assumed his survey was about homosexuality. Such stereotypes are inaccurate, but revealed some of what maybe holding some men back from deep friendships, Sileo said.
Besides, boys receive messages that growing up and “manning up” mean hiding their soft side--a mindset that neuroscience, social science and developmental psychology all show is harmful to them. The drive to toughen up and never show vulnerability (脆弱) that restricts men from friendships can lead them to loneliness, violence and anger. “We consider relationships as feminine.” Sileo said. “If that’s a feminine (女性特有的) thing, it becomes a weakness or inability if men admit to needing friendships. ”
Thus, men seeking closeness might turn to those they see as better at building relationships and feel comfortable exploring their vulnerability with: the women in their lives and their romantic partners, according to Sileo’s research. It may seem like a good solution, but putting everything on a romantic partner can strain a relationship, whether it is going to a female partner exclusively for emotional support or depending on her to cultivate friendships and get-together for holidays and weekends. It is crucial to have multiple people to go to for support for different perspectives. “Men need to know it’s not just a woman thing.” she said. “They need to know that men can do it, too. ”
We live in a culture that clashes with our nature. If we raise children to go against their nature, we shouldn’t be surprised if some of those children grow up to struggle. Research has shown expression of negative emotions improved men’s emotional well-being, increased feelings of being understood and resulted in less reported loneliness. So just as many men make a great effort to eat right, exercise, succeed in their careers and raise children, men should prioritize developing friendships as well.
8. Why does the author mention some numbers in the first paragraph?
A. To inform a fact. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To support an opinion. D. To make a comparison.
9. What do we know about Dr. Frank Sileo’s research in 1995?
A. It studies men’s health.
B. It studies men’s friendships.
C. It studies male homosexuality.
D. It studies reasons why men lack deep friendships.
10. Which one may be the consequence if a man lacks friendship?
A. A man may get used to it. B. A man may turn to a woman.
C. A man may become feminine. D. A man may focus more on his career.
11. Which column does this passage most probably belong to?
A. Science B. Culture C. Health D. Entertainment
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍的是成年男人需要友谊，这是十分重要的。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Making and retaining deep, meaningful friendships as an adult is hard, especially for men. Less than half of men report being satisfied with their friendships, and only about 1 in 5 said they had received emotional support from a friend in the last week, compared with 4 in 10 women, according to a 2021 survey from the Survey Center on American Life.(作为一个成年人，建立并保持深厚而有意义的友谊是很难的，尤其是对男人来说。美国生活调查中心2021年的一项调查显示，只有不到一半的男性表示对自己的友谊感到满意，只有约五分之一的男性表示，他们在上周从朋友那里得到了情感支持，而女性的这一比例为十分之四。)”可知，第一段中通过数字来说明的“作为一个成年人，建立并保持深厚而有意义的友谊是很难的，尤其是对男人来说”这一观点。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“When Dr. Frank Sileo, a psychologist based in Ridgewood, New Jersey, first began conducting research on male friendships in 1995, many participants assumed his survey was about homosexuality. ( 1995年，新泽西州里奇伍德的心理学家弗兰克·西莱奥博士首次开始对男性友谊进行研究时，许多参与者都以为他的调查是关于同性恋的。)”可知，弗兰克·西莱奥博士在1995年研究的是男人之间的友谊。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“Thus, men seeking closeness might turn to those they see as better at building relationships and feel comfortable exploring their vulnerability with: the women in their lives and their romantic partners, according to Sileo’s research. (因此，根据Sileo的研究，寻求亲密关系的男性可能会转向那些他们认为更善于建立关系、更能自如地探索自己弱点的人：生活中的女性和他们的浪漫伴侣。)”可知，男士缺乏友谊的时候，他们会转向生活中的女性或者是他们的浪漫伴侣。故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中“Research has shown expression of negative emotions improved men’s emotional well-being, increased feelings of being understood and resulted in less reported loneliness. So just as many men make a great effort to eat right, exercise, succeed in their careers and raise children, men should prioritize developing friendships as well.(研究表明，负面情绪的表达能够提高男性的情绪幸福感，增加被理解的感觉，减少人们所说的孤独感。因此，就像许多男人努力保持正确的饮食、锻炼、事业成功和抚养孩子一样，男人也应该优先考虑发展友谊。)”可知，本文主要讲述的是在生活中友谊对于成年男性来说是很重要的，他们可以向朋友倾诉负面情绪，这能提高他们的情绪幸福感，增加被理解的感觉，减少孤独感，由此可以推断文章选自于健康栏目。故选C。
D
While DNA from animal bones or teeth can cast light on an individual species, environmental DNA enabled scientists to build a picture of a whole ecosystem.
A core of ice age sediment (沉积物) from northern Greenland has yielded the world’s oldest sequences of DNA. The 2 million-year-old DNA samples revealed the now largely lifeless polar region was once home to rich plant and animal life — including elephant-like mammals known as mastodons (乳齿象), reindeer, hares, lemmings, geese, birch trees and poplars, according to new research published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.
The finding is the work of scientists in Denmark who were able to detect and restore environmental DNA — genetic material drop into the environment by all living organisms — in tiny amounts of sediment taken from the Copenhagen Formation, in the mouth of a strait in the Arctic Ocean in Greenland’s northernmost point, during a 2006 expedition.
They then compared the DNA pieces with libraries of DNA collected from both extinct and living animals, plants and microorganisms. The genetic material revealed dozens of other plants and creatures that had not been previously detected at the site based on what’s known from fossils and pollen records.
“The first thing that blew our mind when we’re looking at this data is obviously this mastodon and the presence of it that far north, which is quite far north of what we knew as its natural range,” said study co-author Mikkel Pedersen.
The mix of temperate (温带) and Arctic trees and animals suggested a previously unknown type of ecosystem that has no modern equivalent — one that could act as a genetic road map for how different species might adapt to a warmer climate, the researchers found.
Love Dalen, a professor at the Centre for Palaeogenetics at Stockholm University, said the finding “pushed the envelope” for the field of ancient DNA. “Also, the findings that several temperate species (such as relatives of spruce and mastodon) lived at such high latitudes are exceptionally interesting,” he added.
Further study of environmental DNA from this time period could help scientists understand how various organisms might adapt to climate change. “It’s a climate that we expect to face on Earth due to global warming and it gives us some idea of how nature will respond to increasing temperatures,” he explained.
12. What can we know about environmental DNA from the passage?
A. It makes it easier to understand individual species.
B. It is a collection of DNA from all kinds of living things.
C. It includes DNA of mammals living 2 million years ago.
D. It was first discovered in sediment from northern Greenland.
13. How did the scientists identify the result of their research?
A. By looking at the data of mastodon.
B. By detecting DNA samples at the site.
C. By analyzing fossils and pollen records.
D. By comparing the newly-found DNA with existing ones.
14. What do the underlined words mean in the 7th paragraph?
A. broke the limit B. laid a foundation
C. raised a new question D. attracted wide attention
15. Which is the best title for the passage?
A. Northern Greenland faces species extinction
B. Oldest DNA reveals a solution to global warming
C. Northern Greenland faces increasing temperatures
D. Oldest DNA reveals a 2 million-year-old ecosystem
【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明，世界上最古老的DNA序列显示了如今没有生命的极地地区在200万年前曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The finding is the work of scientists in Denmark who were able to detect and restore environmental DNA — genetic material drop into the environment by all living organisms(这项发现是丹麦科学家的工作，他们能够检测和恢复环境DNA——遗传物质滴入环境中的所有生物体)”可知，环境DNA是各种生物DNA的集合。故选B。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“They then compared the DNA pieces with libraries of DNA collected from both extinct and living animals, plants and microorganisms.(然后，他们将这些 DNA片段与从已经灭绝和活着的动物、植物和微生物中收集的DNA文库进行比较)”可知，科学家们通过比较新发现的DNA和现有的DNA来确定他们的研究结果的，故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“The mix of temperate (温带) and Arctic trees and animals suggested a previously unknown type of ecosystem that has no modern equivalent — one that could act as a genetic road map for how different species might adapt to a warmer climate, the researchers found.(研究人员发现，温带和北极的树木和动物的混合表明了一种以前未知的生态系统类型，这种生态系统没有现代的对应物——它可以作为不同物种如何适应更温暖气候的基因路线图)”可知，研究人员发现了一种以前未知的生态系统类型，结合划线短语所在句子“Love Dalen, a professor at the Centre for Palaeogenetics at Stockholm University, said the finding “pushed the envelope” for the field of ancient DNA.(斯德哥尔摩大学古遗传学中心的拉夫·达伦教授说，这一发现“pushed the envelope”古DNA领域)”可知，发现一种以前未知的生态系统类型这是一个突破，即对古DNA领域来说，是一种突破。由此可知，划线短语“pushed the envelope”与A项“broke the limit(突破极限)”意思一样，故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段“A core of ice age sediment (沉积物) from northern Greenland has yielded the world’s oldest sequences of DNA. The 2 million-year-old DNA samples revealed the now largely lifeless polar region was once home to rich plant and animal life - including elephant-like mammals known as mastodons (乳齿象), reindeer, hares, lemmings, geese, birch trees and poplars, according to new research published in the journal Nature on Wednesday.(来自格陵兰岛北部的冰河时期沉积物的核心已经产生了世界上最古老的DNA序列。周三发表在《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明，200万年前的DNA样本显示，如今基本上没有生命的极地地区曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园，包括像大象一样的哺乳动物，如乳齿象、驯鹿、野兔、旅鼠、鹅、桦树和白杨。)”可知，文章主要讲述了《自然》杂志上的一项新研究表明，世界上最古老的DNA序列显示了如今没有生命的极地地区在200万年前曾经是丰富的植物和动物的家园。由此可知，D项“最古老的DNA揭示了一个有两百万年历史的生态系统”适合作文章标题，故选D。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Wasted-time worry
The idea that time is our most precious resource can bring with it a sense of time-pressure. We are always told “Time is money and time is running out”, so we must manage it well. We take time-management courses, download the latest productivity app and divide our day into blocks, so our time is never wasted.
______16______ . It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else. We can spend an afternoon regretting for the time we wasted that morning, spoiling hours that would otherwise have been available to us. Sometimes it’s not just the hours we worry about wasting, ______17______ —the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people. Often, when we worry about wasting time, we are comparing ourselves to how productive we assume other people are. It makes us feel that everyone is using their time well except ourselves.
We need to shift away from trying to maximize our time and reduce our worry about wasting it. We don’t have to view every moment we don’t spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too. ______18______ . In a society that emphasizes the productive use of time, we can easily forget that time we enjoyed wasting is not wasted time.
Then how much should we be working? Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. ______19______ .
We often encounter empty time, throwing us into boredom, panic or anxiety, or add to our wasted-time worry. ______20______ . For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second. We can allow us to pause and think. We can see our commuting time as a chance to let our mind wander rather than checking social media.
A. Working beyond that can be a waste
B. Working to maximum is the secret to success
C. but the scraps of time that get lost in between
D. We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life
E. However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wish
F. We can simply set aside more moments for the work of the day
G. Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人在生活中拥有浪费时间的担忧，但是作者认为这是不必要的。
【16题详解】
根据后文的“It tells us we should be doing more with our time or doing something else.(它告诉我们，我们应该用我们的时间做更多的事情或做其他事情。)”可知，此处强调的是我们总是被告知要充分利用时间，利用时间去做更多的事情或者其他的事情，故我们深深陷入一种时间焦虑或者时间担忧的情绪中。G选项“Yet in our crazy attempts to account for every hour, we fall into wasted-time worry.(然而，在我们疯狂地试图解释每一个小时的时候，我们陷入了浪费时间的担忧中。)”与下文的It呼应，符合语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
根据前文的“Sometimes it’s not just the hours we worry about wasting,(有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时间，)”可知，此处强调的是有时候，我们担心浪费的不仅仅是时间，后文应该与此构成转折关系，即强调我们还有其他的担心。C选项“but the scraps of time that get lost in between(但是在这中间丢失的零碎时间)”与前文构成转折关系，并指出其他的担忧是在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间，引出下文“the countless minutes spent on tiny chores, answering emails, replying to texts, waiting for other people(无数分钟花在琐碎的琐事上，回复邮件，回复短信，等待他人)”举例讲在一些琐碎的小事中丢失零碎时间。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据前文的“We don’t have to view every moment we don’t spend the way we expected to as a waste. There may be value in those moments too.(我们不必把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费。这些时刻也可能有价值。)”可知，此处强调我们没有必要把没有按预期方式度过的每一刻都视为浪费，后文应该强调我们可以承认被浪费时间的价值。D选项“We can simply appreciate the part they played in our life.(我们可以简单地欣赏它们在我们生命中所扮演的角色。)”承接上文，承认被浪费时间在生命中的价值。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据前文“Researchers say on most days, three to four hours of high-quality, focused mental work is about our maximum. (研究人员表示，在大多数日子里，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。)”指出，三到四个小时的高质量、专注的脑力劳动是我们的极限。后文对此极限进行探讨。A选项“Working beyond that can be a waste.(超出这个范围工作可能是一种浪费。)”中的that指代前文的three to four hours of high-quality。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据后文“For example, we can become more comfortable with empty moments rather than rushing to make the best of every second. (例如，我们可以更适应空虚的时刻，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。)”可知，此处举例说明我们可以在某些时候虚度光阴，而不是急于充分利用每一秒。E选项“However, we need some hours in the day to waste as we wish。(然而，我们一天中需要一些时间来随心所欲地浪费。)”强调我们一天中需要一些时间来随心所欲地浪费，与下文呼应。故选E。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Lionel Messi was born on June 24, 1987, in Argentina. He was nicknamed “Leo”. He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football. ____21____, young Leo developed a passion for football himself.
At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was ____22____ by his father. Leo practiced day in and day out, ____23____ outings with his friends before a game. His father continued Leo’s ____24____ even though he battled with money and struggled to make the best of his child. Football made Leo happy and ____25____ him. He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.
His grandmother used to ____26____ accompany Leo to training sessions as a child. When he was 10, his grandmother passed away. The family was shocked and her ____27____ affected Messi beyond description. He didn’t ____28____ a football for weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on. He returned, aiming to make his grandmother ____29____ . After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky, dedicating the _____30_____ to his grandmother.
But as he grew older his height remained the same. He was _____31_____ with an inability to grow. This meant he _____32_____ being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.
Despite all of these _____33_____, Messi remained positive and hopeful. Hard effort paid off. F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a (n) _____34_____ with him on a napkin.
As the seasons went on, the talented football player kept improving and breaking his own records. Now he has _____35_____ his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.
You have to fight to reach your dream. You have to sacrifice and work hard for it.
- Lionel Messi
21. A. Surprisingly B. Personally C. Eventually D. Naturally
22. A. pushed B. coached C. raised D. scolded
23. A. skipping B. considering C. blocking D. arranging
24. A. intervention B. expectation C. instruction D. motivation
25. A. benefited B. motivated C. comforted D. affected
26. A. routinely B. entirely C. sincerely D. properly
27. A. company B. attention C. presence D. absence
28. A. pick B. touch C. grab D. tackle
29. A. amazed B. unique C. proud D. sacred
30. A. victory B. outcome C. credit D. wonder
31. A. infected B. diagnosed C. surrounded D. associated
32. A. ended up B. turned out C. kept up D. stood out
33. A. changes B. crises C. obstacles D. losses
34. A. file B. signature C. initiative D. contract
35. A. pursued B. challenged C. achieved D. scored
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了足球运动员梅西的人生故事。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：自然地，年轻的里奥对足球产生了热情。A. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. Personally就个人而言地；C. Eventually最后；D. Naturally自然而言地。由上文“He was the third child in a middle-class family who loved football.”可知，他的家人热爱足球，自然而然地，他也受到影响，喜欢足球，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：四岁的时候，里奥加入了Grandoli地方俱乐部，在那里他的父亲是他的教练。A. pushed推；B. coached教导；C. raised提高；D. scolded责备。由上文“where he was”和下文“His father continued Leo’s”可知，里奥加入了Grandoli地方俱乐部，在那里他的父亲教他踢足球，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：里奥日复一日地练习，在比赛前不去和他的朋友们郊游。A. skipping跳跃；不做（某事）；B. considering考虑；C. blocking阻止；D. arranging安排。由上文“Leo practiced day in and day out,”可知，里奥在比赛前不去和他的朋友们郊游，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲继续指导里奥，即使他与金钱作斗争，他也努力使他的孩子发挥出最好的一面。A. intervention发明；B. expectation期望；C. instruction指导；D. motivation动机。由上文“At four years old, Leo joined the Grandoli local club, where he was __2___by his father.”可知，此处指他的父亲继续指导他踢足球，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：足球让里奥很开心，也激励了他。A. benefited使受益；B. motivated激励；C. comforted安慰；D. affected影响。由下文“He began to dream of becoming a professional footballer.”可知，里奥开始梦想成为一名职业足球运动员，这说明足球激励了他。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：小时候，他的祖母经常陪伴他参加训练课程。A. routinely例行公事地；惯常地；通常地；B. entirely整个地；完全地；C. sincerely真诚地；D. properly合适地。由下文“accompany Leo to training sessions as a child.”可知，他的祖母过去通常都陪他去训练，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：全家人都很震惊，她不在了，对梅西的影响无法形容。A. company公司；B. attention注意力；C. presence出席；D. absence缺席；不在。由上文“When he was 10, his grandmother passed away.”可知，祖母去世了，所以不在了，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他好几个星期都没有碰足球，但他的父亲鼓励他继续下去。A. pick挑选；B. touch触摸；碰；C. grab抓住；D. tackle处理。由下文“a football for weeks, but his father encouraged him to carry on.”和上文提到的祖母去世对梅西影响很大可知，祖母去世后，他好几个星期都没有碰球，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他回来了，目的是为了让他的祖母感到骄傲。A. amazed惊讶的；B. unique独一无二的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sacred害怕的。由上文“He returned, aiming to make his grandmother”和上文提到祖母对梅西影响很大可知，在祖母去世后他好几个星期都没有碰球，但如今他回来了，开始踢足球，目的是为了让祖母骄傲，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次进球后，他都会指着天空，把胜利献给他的祖母。A. victory胜利；B. outcome结果；C. credit信用；D. wonder好奇。由上文“After every goal, he would point two fingers towards the sky”可知，进球即胜利的意思，此处指每次进球后，他都会指着天空，把胜利献给他的祖母，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他被诊断为无法成长。A. infected感染；B. diagnosed诊断；C. surrounded围绕；D. associated联系。由下文“with an inability to grow”可知，他被诊断为无法成长，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这意味着除非他得到每月1500美元的特殊治疗，否则他最终会变成一个侏儒。A. ended up结束；B. turned out结果是；C. kept up保持；继续；D. stood out突出。由下文“being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.”可知，如果不接受治疗，他最终就会变成一个侏儒，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管有这些障碍，梅西仍然保持着乐观和希望。A. changes改变；B. crises危机；C. obstacles障碍；D. losses损失。由上文“He was____11__with an inability to grow. This meant he___12____being a dwarf unless he received special treatment, which would cost$ 1, 500 per month.”可知，梅西被诊断为无法生长，且需要花费昂贵的治疗费，这对于他来说，是一些障碍，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：巴塞罗那雇佣了梅西，并在一张餐巾纸上与他签订了一份合同。A. file文件；B. signature签名；C. initiative主动权；D. contract合同。由上文“F. C Barcelona hired Messi and signed a”可知，巴塞罗那雇佣了梅西，所以和他签订了一份合同，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在他已经实现了他的目标，带回了世界杯，并创造了历史。A. pursued追求；B. challenged挑战；C. achieved实现；D. scored得分。由下文“his goal of bringing home a world cup and made history.”和最后一段“You have to fight to reach your dream.”以及常识可知，梅西带领阿根廷队在卡塔尔世界杯上获得了冠军，现在他已经实现了他的目标——带回了世界杯，并创造了历史，故选C。
第二节 (共10小题每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Can you get reinfected with the coronavirus? Yes it’s definitely possible to get COVID-19more than once.
“Even before the virus started to turn into different variants, there were already many _____36_____ (document) cases of people getting reinfected,” Dr OttoYang, a professor in infectious diseases, told TODAY. As more variants emerge, reinfections only become more likely because those variants can _____37_____ (potential) escape the immune protection we already have.
Dr Bernard Camins notes that _____38_____ experts may define as a “mild” infection can still feel subjectively awful-and of course cause _____39_____ (disrupt) in your daily life. “In most cases, the symptoms are less severe, meaning your likelihood of death or severe disease is _____40_____ (low),” he said. But if your symptoms cause you to miss work for a longer period of time or it takes you a few weeks _____41_____ (recover), “that’s still pretty significant” even if it doesn’t send you to hospital.
And there is still a small chance that you may experience severe symptoms or that you will spread the virus to someone with a weakened immune system or other hidden condition that puts them _____42_____ a higher risk. Among 7, 300 patients hospitalized with symptoms like those of COVID-19, those who were unvaccinated (未接种疫苗) but previously _____43_____ (have) the illness were five times more likely to test positive for the infection than those who were vaccinated.
To prevent COVID-19 reinfections, you can use _____44_____ same public health strategies that we know can help prevent an initial coronavirus infection. That ______45______ (include) getting vaccinated, wearing a mask in public, getting tested when appropriate and focusing on ventilation (通风) .
【答案】36. documented
37. potentially
38. what 39. disruption##disruptions
40. lower 41. to recover
42. at 43. had had
44. the 45. includes
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明再次感染新冠病毒的可能性，以及介绍了如何防止再次感染的措施。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：甚至在病毒开始变异之前，就已经有许多人被再次感染的记录案例。本题空格前有many修饰名词的词，而空格后有名词cases，说明空格处需要填形容词修饰名词，但是括号中提示词是document，其词性可以是动词意思是“记录”，与其逻辑主语cases之间是被动关系，所以变成过去分词作定语。故填documented。
【37题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着越来越多的变异出现，再次感染的可能性只会越来越大，因为这些变异有可能逃过我们已有的免疫保护。本题空格前是情态动词can，而空格后是动词原形escape，说明此处需要填写副词，用来修饰动词。故填potentially。
【38题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：伯纳德·卡米斯博士指出，专家定义的“轻微”感染在主观上仍然感觉很糟糕，当然也会扰乱你的日常生活。本题空格前有that引导的接在动词notes后的宾语从句，在宾语从句中有主语从句部分“experts may define as a “mild” infection”但缺少连接词，而且主语从句中缺少宾语成分。故填what。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：伯纳德·卡米斯博士指出，专家定义的“轻微”感染在主观上仍然感觉很糟糕，当然也会扰乱你的日常生活。本题空格前有谓语动词cause，空格后是状语部分“in your daily life”说明此处缺少动词后宾语成分，括号中提示词是动词，需要转变成名词作宾语。故填disruption或disruptions。
【40题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：在大多数情况下，症状不那么严重，这意味着你死亡或严重疾病的可能性更低。本题空格前有提示“less severe”说明此处在比较症状严重程度和死亡率的高低。故填lower。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果你的症状导致你长时间不能上班，或者需要几周时间才能恢复，即使没有送你去医院，“这仍然是相当严重的”。本题空格前有固定搭配it+takes+时间+to do sth.表示花……时间做某事。故填to recover。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：你仍然有很小的可能会出现严重的症状，或者你会把病毒传播给免疫系统较弱或其他隐藏疾病的人，使他们处于更高的风险中。本题空格处需要填介词与后面结构形成固定短语at a higher risk意思是“处于更高的风险”。故填at。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：在7300名出现类似COVID-19症状的住院患者中，那些未接种疫苗但之前曾患有这种疾病的人，其感染检测呈阳性的可能性是接种疫苗的人的5倍。本题根据句意可知，这里指曾经未注射疫苗且有疾病的人更有被感染的风险，句子中谓语动词were是一般过去时态，而括号中动词have，表示患病的意思，动作发生在were之前，需要使用过去完成时态。故填had had。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：为了防止COVID-19的再次感染，你可以使用我们所知道的可以帮助预防首次冠状病毒感染的相同公共卫生策略。本题空格填写定冠词与空格后same形成固定搭配the same，意思是“相同的”。故填the。
【45题详解】
考查动词一般现在时态。句意：这10项措施包括接种疫苗，在公共场合戴口罩，在适当的时候进行检测，并注意通风。本题空格前指示代词that做主语，空格后是列举的预防措施，空格处需要填写谓语动词，使用一般现在时态表示说明的是客观事实。故填includes。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假设你是李华。近年来出国留学低龄化趋势越来越明显，某英语报就此事的利弊向广大学生征稿。请你根据以下要点向该报社投稿，就此事谈谈你的看法。
1. 出国留学低龄化现象引起关注；
2. 你的观点。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Editor,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you my opinion on students going abroad for studies when they are very young, which is a growing trend in recent years.
I hold the opinion that going to study abroad is a good thing, which helps students broaden their horizons, but I don’t think it’s necessary for them to do that too early. For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg. For another, some students may not be mature enough to handle the tremendous pressure of living in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills, thus resulting in physical and mental health problems.
As far as I am concerned, studying abroad has its potential benefits but families should think twice if the kids are too young.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英语报投稿，就近年来出国留学低龄化趋势的利弊谈谈你的看法。内容包括：出国留学低龄化现象引起关注；你的观点。
【详解】1.词汇积累
观点：opinion→view
巨大的：tremendous→huge
压力：pressure→stress
好处：benefits→advantages
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg.
拓展句：For one thing, going to study abroad at an early age may cost most families an arm and a leg, which is a big burden for some families.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing to tell you my opinion on students going abroad for studies when they are very young, which is a growing trend in recent years. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I hold the opinion that going to study abroad is a good thing, which helps students broaden their horizons, but I don’t think it’s necessary for them to do that too early. (运用了that引导的同位语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
We found out that Jenny was hearing impaired, when she was four and a half years old. Several surgeries and speech classes later, when she was seven, we found out that Jenny had Rheumatoid Arthritis (关节炎) . She could not put pressure on the heels of her feet, so she walked on tiptoe, and when the pain became unbearable, I carried her. All through grade school, and on into high school, Jenny suffered, yet never complained. She took her medicine, and I would often wrap her feet in steaming towels and hold her until the pain eased. But as soon as she could withstand (顶住) the pain, Jenny immediately carried on as though she were pain free.
She wore a smile on her face, a song on her lips, and a love and acceptance of others, that was simply amazing. I don’t remember her ever voicing self-pity. She ran when she could run. She played when she could play. She danced when she could dance. And when she could do none of these things, she took her medicine and she waited until she could.
Jenny, a beautiful blonde, with warm brown eyes, was never a cheerleader. She never competed in a sport. Jenny continued to have one surgery after another on her ears. Her hearing improved to 60%, and she taught herself to read lips. She carried a pillow to school, all through high school. She was totally mainstreamed, popular and funny, watching every football game, cheering the team on, carrying her pillow everywhere she went, so that she could ease the pain when she sat down.
Then came her senior year. She would be considered for scholarships. However, school activities, especially sports, could often mean the difference between receiving an award or losing out, so Jenny came to a decision. Although she couldn’t compete as a football player, she could provide supporting services for the high school football team. Jenny began to beg the football coach. She pleaded (恳求). She promised.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Para 1
Finally the coach gave in, appointing Jenny as the manager of the team.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Para 2
At the end of this season, the coach was asked why the team was winning all the games this year.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Finally the coach gave in, appointing Jenny as the manager of the team. Before every game, Jenny prepared water for her teammates as well as bandaged knees and ankles. In addition, she gave pep talks, cheering the team on. She spared no effort to be continually at their beck and call. Often Jenny could be seen carrying a bucket of water in each hand, nearly dragging them, along with her pillow tucked under her arm. Fortunately, with Jenny’s support, it turned out to be one of the best years for the high school football team.
At the end of this season, the coach was asked why the team was winning all their games this year. He owed it to Jenny. “Well, when you’ve been knocked down, and you can’t seem to move, you look up and see Jenny, limping across the field, dragging her buckets and carrying her pillow. It makes anything the rest of us may suffer seem pretty insignificant.”
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了女孩Jenny虽然从小被诊断有听力障碍并患有类风湿性关节炎，但是却对生活充满了热爱，积极乐观地争取奖学金。她的这种生活态度感染了身边的每一个人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“最后教练让步了，任命Jenny为球队经理。”以及第二段首句内容“在这个赛季结束时，有人问教练为什么球队今年赢了所有的比赛。”可知，第一段可描写Jenny所在球队赢得了所有的比赛
②由第二段首句内容“在这个赛季结束时，有人问教练为什么球队今年赢了所有的比赛。”可知，第二段可描写Jenny对自己所在球队的影响。
2.续写线索：教练让Jenny担任球队经理——Jenny服务球队——所在球队赢得了所有比赛——教练认为这都是Jenny的功劳
3.词汇激活
行为类
①竭尽全力：spare no effort/make all efforts/try one’s best
②归功于：owe…to…/give the credit to
③结果是：turn out to be/prove to be
情绪类
①幸运地：fortunately/luckily
②微不足道：insignificant/unimportant
【点睛】【高分句型1】Often Jenny could be seen carrying a bucket of water in each hand, nearly dragging them, along with her pillow tucked under her arm.（运用了现在分词担当主语补足语）
【高分句型2】Well, when you’ve been knocked down, and you can’t seem to move, you look up and see Jenny, limping across the field, dragging her buckets and carrying her pillow.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
听力1-5 BBCBC 6-10 CABAB 11-15 CCACB 16-20 AABAC
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