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2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市八校高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）
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这是一份2022-2023学年黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市八校高二上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分30分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年度上学期八校联合体期中试卷
高二英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 满分150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What color pants does the woman want?
A. Black. B. Red. C. Purple.
2. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. R. Waiter and customer. C. Co-workers.
3. What is the woman doing?
A. Planning a day trip. B. Looking at a website. C. Watching a movie.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.A play. B.A book. C.A CD.
5. Why can’t the woman go out tonight?
A. She has homework to do.
B. She must care for her brother.
C. She will attend a meeting.
第二节(共15小题：每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What drink is the woman going to have?
A. Tea. B. Milk. C. Coffee.
7. What is the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where did the woman spend the Spring Festival?
A. At her father’s. B. At her friend’s. C. At her grandmother’s.
9. Why didn’t the man go home for the Spring Festival?
A. He visited some relatives.
B. He thought it cost too much.
C. He wanted to attend a street festival.
10. What docs the woman like best about the Spring Festival?
A. The traditional dancers. B. The food. C. The presents.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What happened to the man’s book?
A. He lent it to a friend. B. He got it wet. C. He lost it.
12.What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Use her spare copy.
B. Buy a new copy online.
C. Ask their teacher for help.
13.Wherc are the speakers probably?
A. In the classroom. B. In the library. C. In the teacher’s office.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who is Mr. Parker probably?
A. Olivia’s teacher. B. Olivia’s boss. C. Olivia’s husband.
15. Where did Olivia work for three years?
A. In the sales department.
B. In the engineering department.
C. In the marketing department.
16. What is the date today?
A. February 26th. B. March 26th. C. April 26th.
17.Why is Olivia thankful to Mr. Parker?
A. For helping her at school.
B. For encouraging her at work.
C. For giving her another job.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
l8. How did Yuzuru Hanyu’s fans probably feel about his attempt?
A. Upset. B. Proud. C. Surprised.
19. What does a person trying the jump have to be like?
A. Crazy. B. Heavy. C. Strong.
20.Who was the first person to do the jump?
A. Yuzuru Hanyu. B. Miki Ando. C. Kurt Browning.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
National Music Theater Competition
The 2022 National Music Theater Competition (NMTC) semifinal and final (决赛) rounds will be held in New York City in early January 2022.
As the first national competition for the music theater soloist (独奏者) seeking the best talent, NMTC has provided industry connections to past competitors and winners that have led to their success on Broadway and other places in these years. The final round is open to the public for $10 general admission seating and can be purchased at the door.
Prizes (each prize only for a person)
lst Prize: $5,000 PLUs a concert at the next NATS National Conference, $1,000 Gift Certificate from Hal Leonard, Career Management Services package from Stage Door Connections.
2nd Prize: $2,500 PLus a $500 Gift Certificate from Hal Leonard.
3rd Prize: $1 ,000 cash prize.
4th Prize: $750 cash prize.
Qualification
singers aged 20-28 as of September 15,2021
Entrance Procedure
Application requires payment of the $90 application fee (reduced entry fee for students of NATS Full or Associate members, $75 for these students). All application materials must be submitted by the deadline — September 15, 2021. Late or incomplete applications will not be considered. No refund of application fees due to cancellation by the applicant will be allowed. After application, only online applicants have to upload their entry videos until October 15,2021.
Where to Audition (试镜)
Live Auditions-Date (s) and location (s)TBD (待定)
Online Auditions-Video submission deadline is October 15,2021.
Online application will be available on September 5, 2021. Online applicants will make a video that lasts up to 20 minutes from the list of the songs that will be published online.
1. What is the purpose of holding the National Music Theater Competition?
A. To please all the audiencc.
B. To earn an amount of money.
C. To make more people like music.
D. To find people with a gift for music.
2. What can we learn about the entrance procedure?
A. $90 application fee is suitable for any competitor.
B. All competitors need to upload their entry videos.
C. One’s application will be useless if his submission of the material is late.
D. The application fee will be returned if one cancels his application.
3. What’s special about Online Auditions?
A. The date(s) and location(s) are uncertain.
B. Applicants need to prepare a video that’s limited to 20 minutes.
C. People should start online application on September 15,2021.
D. Applicants can upload their audition videos until September 5, 2021.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了全国音乐戏剧大赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As the first national competition for the music theater soloist (独奏者) seeking the best talent, NMTC has provided industry connections to past competitors and winners that have led to their success on Broadway and other places in these years. (作为首个为音乐剧独奏家寻找最佳人才的全国性比赛，NMTC为过去的竞争者和获胜者提供了行业联系，这些年来他们在百老汇和其他地方取得了成功)”可知，举办全国音乐戏剧比赛的目的是寻找有音乐天赋的人。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Entrance Procedure中的“All application materials must be submitted by the deadline — September 15, 2021. Late or incomplete applications will not be considered. (所有申请材料必须在2021年9月15日前提交。逾期或不完整的申请将不获考虑)”可知，如果一个人的材料提交晚了，他的申请将是无用的。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段“Online applicants will make a video that lasts up to 20 minutes from the list of the songs that will be published online. (在线申请者将根据将在网上发布的歌曲列表制作一段时长不超过20分钟的视频)”可知，申请者需要准备一段视频，时长不超过20分钟。故选B。
B
A Georgia mom is winning praise for the way she’s teaching her children, aged 13,10 and 6, about money.
Shaketha MeGregor, a single mother in Dublin, Georgia, knew she needed a solution after frequent requests from her three kids for things like new toys and money to do things with their friends.
She came up with the unique idea to host a “job fair(就业展览会)”for her three children Jahkeem, in seventh grade, Takeia, in fifth grade, and Serinity, in first grade. The three positions at the job fair were the kitchen manager, lead housekeeper and laundry supervisor(洗衣房主管).Children had to earn their pocket money by doing a job.
Jahkeem, Takeia and Serinity each picked the job they wanted to apply for, filled out the application and had interviews with their employer-their mom.
“My oldest and my youngest both applied for the lead housekeeper,” McGregor said.“ As to my 6-year-old daughter Serinity, I was more impressed with her application and her interview than my 13-year-old son Jahkeem.”
”I want them to be familiar with the process when they are older,“ she said. ”Whether they’re applying to a school or for a new job. they can look back and say, “I did this with Mom years ago.” As a parent you want to protect your children as much as possible, but you know that eventually they’ll have to experience it on their own and a child’s greatest lesson in life is going through the process.
MeGregor’s post on Facebook where she shared her job fair idea now has more than 200,000 likes. She said she hoped it inspired other parents to think outside of the box and let their kids’ voices be heard.“ What I’m realizing is that kids just want to be part of something. The first-hand experience is the best way to educate children,” McGregor said.
4. What do you know about McGregor’s solution?
A. It is creative. B. It’s uninteresting
C. It is strange. D. It’s traditional.
5. How can Takeia get the new toy she wants according to the passage?
A. By doing housework. B. By behaving well.
C. By getting good marks. D. By listening to McGregor.
6. What can we infer from the result of the job fair?
A. Serinity was awarded a new toy.
B. Serinity got the position as a kitchen manager.
C. Takeia became the lead housekeeper at the fair.
D. Jahkeen didn’t get the job he had applied for.
7. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. Children should always listen to their parents views.
B. Parents should pay their children for anything.
C. MeGregor’s post is well received online.
D MeGregor’s idea is suitable for all families.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三个孩子的母亲Shaketha McGregor被孩子们的物质需求弄得焦头烂额，对此她想出了举办家务工作招聘会的点子，让孩子们通过竞争家务工作的职位来赚取零花钱，这个创意获得了网友们的一致好评。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She came up with the unique idea to host a “job fair” for her three children, Jahkeem, in seventh grade, Takeia, in fifth grade, and Serinity, in first grade.(她想出了一个独特的主意，为她的三个孩子举办一场“招聘会”，他们分别是七年级的Jahkeem、五年级的Takeia和一年级的Serinity。)”可知，这种举行家庭工作招聘会的方法很独特，有创意。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The three positions at the job fair were the kitchen manager, lead housekeeper and laundry supervisor(洗衣房主管).Children had to earn their pocket money by doing a job.(招聘会上的三个职位分别是厨房经理、首席管家和洗衣房主管。孩子们不得不通过工作来赚取零花钱。)”可知，孩子们可以通过工作来赚零花钱。所以，Takeia如果想要得到一个新的玩具，她只有通过工作来赚钱买玩具。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““My oldest and my youngest both applied for the lead housekeeper,” MeGregor said.“ As to my 6-year-old daughter Serinity, I was more impressed with her application and her interview than my 13-year-old son Jahkeem.”(“我最大的孩子和最小的孩子都申请了首席管家的职位，” McGregor说。“至于我6岁的女儿Serinity，我对她的申请和面试印象比我13岁的儿子Jahkeem更深刻。”)”可知，Jahkeem的申请和面试结果并没有自己的妹妹出色，因此他并没有得到申请的职位。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“MeGregor’s post on Facebook where she shared her job fair idea now has more than 200,000 likes.( MeGregor在脸书上分享了她招聘会的想法，现在已经有20多万个赞了。)”可知，她的帖子在网络上受到一致好评。故选C。
C
For many people around the world, the recent pandemic has meant having to work from home. Their work in offices has been stopped for a period. This means different working practices, which have advantages and disadvantages for employees. But the big question is, will they ever see their offices again?
Home working has made people realize what tasks they can perform at home, rather than standing the rush hour to the office to do the same thing. It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better and have saved money by not travelling or buying lunches. And recent research suggests the majority of people working from home are just as productive.
For some people，this could be a permanent arrangement. In the UK, fifty of the biggest employers questioned by the BBC have said they have no plans to return all staff to the office full-time in the near future. One main reason is that firms can’t provide enough space for large numbers of staff while social distancing rules are still in place. But the BBC also heard from some smaller businesses who are deciding to give up their offices altogether.
Other bigger companies are also looking at shutting offices to save money as many jobs can be performed at home. Peter Cheese, head of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, told the BBC: “We’re at a moment of real change in the world of work, driven by big existential problems.”
But this isn’t great news for everyone. Some employees can feel lonely at home, and there’s less opportunity to network or learn from other people, especially if they’re new staff. Also, city centers may suffer most from a change in working habits. Shops and cafes rely on the footfall of office workers. and without them, they face closure. So it may be too early to say where our desks will be permanently located.
8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The discomfort of home working.
B. The costs of home working.
C. The benefits of home working.
D. The bad influence of home working.
9. What can we know about the workers in the UK?
A. Fifty percent of them will work part-time.
B. Workers of smaller businesses will be unemployed.
C. They will work in larger offices in the future.
D. Some of them will continue to work at home.
10. What kind of employee is more likely to dislike working from home?
A. New employees. B. Old employees.
C. Employees of big companies. D. Employees of small companies.
11. What’s the author’s attitude to the future of home working?
A. Unconcerned. B. Uncertain. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在各国经历新冠肺炎疫情期间，有许多人都开始居家办公。人们开始意识到，也许未来人们不再需要办公室。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Home working has made people realize what tasks they can perform at home, rather than standing the rush hour to the office to do the same thing. It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better and have saved money by not travelling or buying lunches. And recent research suggests the majority of people working from home are just as productive.(在家工作让人们意识到他们可以在家里完成什么任务，而不是站在上下班高峰期去办公室做同样的事情。这让他们有更多的时间陪伴家人；他们的睡眠质量更好了，而且通过不旅行和不买午餐节省了钱。最近的研究表明，大多数在家工作的人也一样高效)”可知，第二段主要讲述的是居家办公的好处。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the UK, fifty of the biggest employers questioned by the BBC have said they have no plans to return all staff to the office full-time in the near future.(在英国，接受BBC采访的50家最大雇主表示，他们没有在近期让所有员工全职上班的计划)”可推断，一些公司并不打算近期让员工去办公室工作，换句话说，他们打算继续让员工居家办公。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But this isn’t great news for everyone. Some employees can feel lonely at home, and there’s less opportunity to network or learn from other people, especially if they’re new staff.(但是这并不是对每个人来说都是好消息。有些员工在家会感到孤独，而且很少有机会与他人交流或向他人学习，尤其是新员工)”可知，有些员工在家会孤独，新员工也没有机会与人交流和学习。所以对新员工而言，这并不是好消息。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章作者在第一段提出“This means different working practices, which have advantages and disadvantages for employees.(这意味着不同的工作方法，这对员工有好处也有坏处)”、第二段说明了居家工作的好处、最后一段又提及了居家工作不好的方面。特别是最后一句话“So it may be too early to say where our desks will be permanently located.(因此，现在说我们的办公桌将永久安置在哪里可能还为时过早)”。由此可以判断，作者其实也感到不太确定。故选B。
D
You may be drinking energy drinks to power through school and sports, but these drinks could put you in danger.
When 10th grader Davis Allen Cripe went out to lunch on April 26 he was healthy. Davis drank a cup of coffee and a bottle of Pepsi; then he went back to school and drank a l6-ounce(盎司 )energy drink. In the art class, he fell to his knees. He told his friends he felt uncomfortable. Then he passed out(昏倒). At 3:40pm, Davis was dead. He died from a drug many of us take every day: caffeine(咖啡因). Davis drank too much of it too fast.
It’s no surprise that energy drinks are popular with teens. The drinks are often advertised to sound cool. They have names like Monster and Full Throttle. Drink companies support sports like BMX biking and skateboarding. Ads for energy drinks sometimes suggest the products will give you special powers. “Set free the Beast,” reads one advertisement. Another brand says its drink “gives you wings”. These ads may be inducing more kids to buy energy drinks. In fact, one-third of American teens buy them regularly.
Many teens drink these drinks because they hope to have more energy for studying or sports. Your friends drink ice-cold colas at lunch to stay clear. They drink large Frappuecinos at Starbucks to give them energy after school.
Caffeine is so common that most people don’t think of it as a drug. But that’s exactly what it is. If you drink too much caffeine, your heart beats faster. You may get anxious on the soccer field. You may not be able to focus on the homework in front of you. Caffeine will also make you lose sleep. It can affect you for up to 6 hours. Drink an energy drink after school, and you may still be awake at bedtime.
Can it actually kill you? Dying from one drink is very unlikely. Doctors say adults can safely have about five cups of coffee-or two large energy drinks-a day. But we know less about how caffeine affects teens, and that worries doctors. Every year，thousands of people get sick from drinking energy drinks. Most of those people are under 20 years old.
12. Why does the author tell the story of Davis?
A. To show the harm of caffeine.
B. To show pity for a young boy.
C. To warn teens of unexpected accidents.
D. To call on young people to keep healthy.
13. What does the underlined word “inducing” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Requiring. B. Helping.
C. Expecting. D. Persuading.
14. What do teens think of energy drinks?
A. Energy drinks will make them energetic in school life.
B. Energy drinks will make them have more special powers.
C. Energy drinks will make them look cool as other teenagers.
D. Energy drinks will make them more popular with others.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Adults are hardly affected by energy drinks.
B. Adults can drink as many energy drinks as they want.
C. Doctors don’t understand how caffeine works among teenagers.
D. Teenagers are most likely to get sick from drinking energy drinks.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了过量饮用含有咖啡因的饮料会对人体造成很大的危害，而目前，医学上就咖啡因对青少年造成的影响还知之甚少。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“You may be drinking energy drinks to power through school and sports, but these drinks could put you in danger.(你可能会在上学和运动时喝能量饮料，但这些饮料可能会让你处于危险之中。)”以及第二段“At 3:40pm, Davis was dead. He died from a drug many of us take every day: caffeine(咖啡因).(下午3点40分，Davis死亡。他死于一种我们许多人每天都在服用的药物：咖啡因。)”可推断，作者讲述Davis的故事是为了告诉我们咖啡因的危害。故选A。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前文“Ads for energy drinks sometimes suggest the products will give you special powers. “Set free the Beast,” reads one advertisement. Another brand says its drink “gives you wings”.(功能饮料的广告有时会暗示这种产品会给你特殊的能力。“释放野兽，”一则广告写道。另一个品牌说他们的饮料“给你翅膀”。)”可知，这些广告让孩子觉得喝了这些能量饮料，孩子就会有超能力。再根据划线单词后的“to buy energy drinks(去购买能量饮料)”可知，划线单词inducing的意思应为“诱导、劝说”。选项A“Requiring (要求)”；选项B“Helping (帮助)”；选项C“Expecting (期待)”；选项D“Persuading (劝服)”。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Many teens drink these drinks because they hope to have more energy for studying or sports.(许多青少年喝这些饮料是因为他们希望有更多的精力来学习或运动。)”可知，许多青少年们认为这些能量饮料会为自己学习或运动提供更多的精力。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Every year，thousands of people get sick from drinking energy drinks. Most of those people are under 20 years old.(每年，成千上万的人因饮用能量饮料而生病。这些人大多在20岁以下。)”可知，在因为饮用能量饮料而生病的人群中，大多数都在20岁以下，因此可推断出，青少年是最有可能因为饮用能量饮料而生病的人。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before you can commit to achieving a goal. you have to define what exactly your goal is.____16____. It can take a lot of thought and consideration to find out specifically what you want. Setting a meaningful goal involves creativity and patience. By taking the right steps. your process of deciding on a goal can get much easier.
Start with broad ideas. Many times, people will only have a vague idea of their goal. This isn’t a problem-starting broadly will actually help you map out a clear path(成功的途径)towards more specific, attainable goals. For example you may broadly tell yourself, “I want to be happy____17____.but it can be specified in time.
Try free writing to come up with ideas.____18____, try a free writing exercise. Free writing involves simply writing down whatever comes to you with a specific question in mind. You may find that your brain gets more creative when you’re not forcing it to come up with ideas.
Define specific aspects of your broad idea. When you’ve established a broad idea, you need to break it down to develop a more concrete goal. For example, your broad idea may be that you want to get a good job.____19____-is it high pay? Good hours? An enjoyable work environment? The way you answer this question will influence the way you go about achieving your goal.
____20____.After narrowing down your broad idea, you can decide what exactly your goal is. Taking your broad idea and the narrowed-down elements(要素),you should explicitly write what exactly your goal is. With a clear definition. you’ll be able to lay out exactly what is required to achieve your goal. You’ll also be able to assess your success more easily.
A. Write out a concrete goal
B. Make your goals attainable
C. This is a very large and vague goal
D. This is much harder than it may sound
E. Now define what a good job means to you
F. A good job plays a big part in achieving your goal
G. If you’re having trouble thinking up a broad idea for your goal
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了完成某一件事，在此之前应如何制定出具体明确的目标。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Before you can commit to achieving a goal. you have to define what exactly your goal is. (在你能承诺实现一个目标之前。你必须明确你的目标是什么。)”可知，在实现目标之前我们需要确定目标；而下文“It can take a lot of thought and consideration to find out specifically what you want. Setting a meaningful goal involves creativity and patience. (找到你具体想要的东西可能需要大量的思考和考虑。设定一个有意义的目标需要创造力和耐心。)”则告诉我们制定目标要花费大量的时间和思考。选项D“This is much harder than it may sound (这比听起来要难得多。)”起到承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This isn’t a problem-starting broadly will actually help you map out a clear path(成功的途径)towards more specific, attainable goals.(这不是一个问题——从广泛的角度出发，实际上会帮助你为更具体、更可实现的目标规划出一条清晰的道路。)”可知，要制定出具体、可实现的目标。空后“but it can be specified in time.(但它可以在时间上明确。)”可知，空前的目标不太明确。选项C“This is a very large and vague goal (这是一个非常大而模糊的目标)”是对上文内容的解释说明。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据段首句“Try free writing to come up with ideas.(尝试自由写作来获得灵感。)”可知，本段主要讲的是通过自由写作来获得灵感。分析句子结构可知，空后为主句，因此空处为从句。选项G“If you’re having trouble thinking up a broad idea for your goal(如果你在为你的目标想出一个宽泛的想法上有困难)”引出下文的“try a free writing exercise. (尝试一个免费的写作练习。)”，且为状语从句，形式和内容上都符合要求。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“When you’ve established a broad idea, you need to break it down to develop a more concrete goal. For example, your broad idea may be that you want to get a good job.(当你已经建立了一个大致的想法，你需要分解它来发展一个更具体的目标。例如，你的总体想法可能是你想要得到一份好工作。)”可知，目标需要具体化，而好的工作这个目标太过广泛，需要具体化。选项E“Now define what a good job means to you(现在定义一下什么是好工作)”符合本段内容。故选E。
【20题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文“After narrowing down your broad idea, you can decide what exactly your goal is. Taking your broad idea and the narrowed-down elements(要素),you should explicitly write what exactly your goal is. With a clear definition. you’ll be able to lay out exactly what is required to achieve your goal. You’ll also be able to assess your success more easily.(在缩小你的思路之后，你就可以确定你的目标是什么了。把你的宽泛的想法和缩小的要素，你应该明确地写出你的目标到底是什么。有明确的定义。这样你就能准确地列出实现目标所需要的东西。你也可以更容易地评估你的成功。)”可知，本段主要讲的是写出具体的目标。选项A“Write out a concrete goal(写下一个具体的目标)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分、满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The last complete ice shelf in the Canadian Arctic has collapsed(倒塌).The Milne Ice Shelf is ___21___ Ellesmere Island,Canada.The shelf lost ___22___ 40 percent of its area in just two days at the end of July.
Above normal air temperatures,offshore winds and open water in front of the shelf are all parts of the ___23___ for its break-up.The shelf area shrank(缩小）by about 80 square kilometers.By comparison,the island of Manhattan in New York ___24___ about 60 square kilometers.Temperatures in the polar area have been ___25___ intense(强烈的).Summer in the Canadian Arctic this year has been 5 degrees Celsius___26___ the 30-year average.That has ___27___ smaller ice caps,___28___ can melt quickly.As a glacier disappears,more bedrock is left ___29___.This then speeds up the melting_____30_____. A research camp,including instruments for measuring water flow through the ice shelf,was lost when the shelf at Ellesmere Island collapsed.
＂It was only a _____31_____ of time,"said Mark Serreze,director of the National Snow and Ice Data Center. His study showed the ice caps were_____32_____ to disappear within five years.Their disappearance was _____33_____ last month,when NASA satellite images of the area showed a complete lack of snow and ice.Serreze's _____34_____ trip to the Arctic was many years ago."When I was there in the 1980s,I knew every square inch of those ice caps,"Serreze said."You have the good _____35_____.It's like your first girlfriend.I want her back."
21. A. at the edge of B. in front of C. at the back of D. at the end of
22. A. rather than B. less than C. other than D. more than
23. A. situations B. conditions C. elements D. problems
24. A. combines B. covers C. evaluates D. obtains
25. A. seriously B. especially C. naturally D. nearly
26. A. down B. below C. up D. above
27. A. reduced B. broken C. threatened D. brought
28. A. which B. that C. where D. whose
29. A. uncovered B. discovered C. predicted D. spotted
30. A. program B. progress C. project D. process
31. A. question B. thing C. matter D. concept
32. A. possibly B. likely C. probably D. surely
33. A. simplified B. launched C. confirmed D. accompanied
34. A. research B. search C. culture D. business
35. A. dreams B. ideas C. attitudes D. memories
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了加拿大北极地区最后一个完整的冰架崩塌了。
【21题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：米尔恩冰架位于加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的边缘。A. at the edge of在……的边缘；B. in front of在……的前面；C. at the back of在……的后部；D. at the end of在……的结尾。根据常识，可知，米尔恩冰架位于加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的边缘。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：七月底，仅仅两天时间，冰架面积就减少了40%以上。A. rather than而不是；B. less than少于；C. other than除了；D. more than多于。根据上文“The last complete ice shelf in the Canadian Arctic has collapsed”（加拿大北极地区最后一个完整的冰架崩塌了。）可知，此处七月底冰架面积减少了很多。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：高于正常气温、离岸风和大陆架前的开放水域都是导致其断裂的因素。A. situations情况；B. conditions条件；C. elements要素；D. problems问题。“Above normal air temperatures，offshore winds和 open water”都是导致冰架断裂的要素。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：相比之下，纽约的曼哈顿岛只有60平方公里。A. combines组合，结合；B. covers覆盖；C. evaluates评价；D. obtains获得。根据“60 square kilometers.”可知，此处表示岛屿覆盖的范围。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：极地地区的温度尤其高。A. seriously严重地；B. especially尤其；C. naturally自然地；D. nearly几乎。根据上文“Above normal air temperatures”可知，极地地区的温度尤其高。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：今年加拿大北极地区的夏季比30年来的平均气温高出5摄氏度。A. down向下；B. below在……下面；C. up向上；D. above在……之上。根据上文“The shelf lost more than 40 percent of its area in just two days at the end of July.”可知，冰架的融化是由于今年的气温比往年更高。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这已经威胁到可以迅速融化的小冰盖。A. reduced减少；B. broken破坏；C. threatened使惊吓；D. brought带来。根据下文“This then speeds up the melting”可知，由于加速融化，对小冰盖的存在产生了威胁。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查从属连词辨析。句意：这已经威胁到可以迅速融化的小冰盖。A. which关系代词，指物；B. that关系代词，可以指物或者指人；C. where关系副词，作地点状语；D. whose关系代词，表示“谁的”。分析句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词smaller ice caps在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：随着冰川的消失，更多的基岩裸露在外。A. uncovered揭露，揭发；B. discovered发现；C. predicted预测；D. spotted看见，注意到。根据“As a glacier disappears”可知，因为冰川的融化，很多基岩裸露在外。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这就加速了融化过程。A. program项目；B. progress进步；C. project方案，工程；D. process过程，进程。根据“As a glacier disappears, more bedrock is left uncovered”可知，“冰川融化，基岩裸露”加速了融化的过程。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：“这只是时间问题，”国家冰雪数据中心主任马克·塞雷泽(Mark Serreze)说。A. question问题；B. thing事情；C. matter问题；D. concept概念，观念。根据上文“A research camp, including instruments for measuring water flow through the ice shelf, was lost when the shelf at Ellesmere Island collapsed.”（当埃尔斯米尔岛的冰架崩塌时，包括测量冰架水流的仪器在内的一个研究营地也消失了。）可知，此处表示上面的这些事物消失只是时间的问题。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：他的研究表明，冰盖有可能在五年内消失。A. possibly有可能地；B. likely可能，或许；C. probably很可能，大概；D. surely必定，当然。sb/sth be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“有可能做某事”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：上个月，美国宇航局(NASA)的卫星图像显示，该地区完全没有冰雪，这也证实了冰盖消失的事实。A. simplified使简化；B. launched发起，发动；C. confirmed证实；D. accompanied陪伴。根据“when NASA satellite images of the area showed a complete lack of snow and ice.”可知，此处用科技手段证实了冰盖的消失。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：赛瑞兹的北极考察之旅是许多年前的事了。A. research调查，研究；B. search搜寻，搜索；C. culture文化；D. business生意。根据“trip to the Arctic”可知，此处表示去极低考察的旅行。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：你有美好的回忆。A. dreams梦想；B. ideas想法，主意；C. attitudes态度；D. memories回忆。根据上文“When I was there in the 1980s,I knew every square inch of those ice caps,”（上世纪80年代我在那里的时候，我对那些冰盖的每一平方英寸都了如指掌）可知，根据Serreze的描述，当年的极地考察之旅是美好的回忆。故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Abraham Lincoln’s position on slavery is one of____36____most discussed aspects of his life. ____37____(start)in 1831, a growing group of abolitionists(废奴主义者) called for total, immediate abolition of slavery.
Lincoln never called for this, and focused instead ____38____the less politically challenging goal of preventing the____39____(create)of new slave states. Lincoln’s activism on that issue started in reaction io the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act____40____(design) by his great rival(对手) Stephen A. Douglas. The act allowed the settlers____41____(decide) on slavery in their territory.
Lincoln, with partial compensation to owners, did end slavery in the District of Columbia in l862. During 186l-1862 Lincoln tried unsuccessfully to get Kentucky and Maryland to do likewise. He ____42____(repeated) stated that his goal was the preservation of the Union, not ending slavery in the states____43____it existed. In 1862, Lincoln used his role as commander-in-chief to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. It made all ____44____(slave)in Confederate areas forever free under the U.S. law as soon as the U.S. army reached and controlled them and it controlled all of them by 1865. Final abolition in the border states _____45_____(achieve) later that year.
【答案】36. the
37. Starting
38. on##upon
39 creation
40. designed
41. to decide
42. repeatedly
43. where 44. slaves
45. was achieved
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述林肯发表《解放黑奴宣言》及废除奴隶制。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：亚伯拉罕·林肯对奴隶制的立场是他一生中讨论最多的方面之一。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处考查one of the most…，表示“最……之一”，故填the。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从1831年开始，越来越多的废奴主义者呼吁立即彻底废除奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。句子的逻辑主语是a growing group of abolitionists(废奴主义者) called for total, immediate abolition of slavery这件事，主语与start是主谓关系，故填现在分词starting。位于句首，开头字母大写，故填Starting。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：林肯从未呼吁这样做，而是专注于阻止建立新的奴隶州这一政治上挑战性较小的目标。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处考查短语focus on，表示“集中于，专注于”，故填on/upon。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：林肯从未呼吁这样做，而是专注于阻止建立新的奴隶州这一政治上挑战性较小的目标。根据句意及句子结构the…of分析可知，设空处应填名词creation，表示“创建，创造”，故填creation。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：林肯在这个问题上的行动始于对1854年《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案》的反应，该法案由他的极大的竞争对手Stephen A. Douglas所制定。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。逻辑主语Kansas-Nebraska Act与design是动宾关系，故用过去分词designed，作后置定语，故填designed。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该法案允许定居者决定在其领土上实行奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处考查短语allow sb. to do sth.，表示“允许某人做某事”，故设空处应填不定式，故填to decide。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：他一再表示，他的目标是维护联盟，而不是在存在奴隶制的国家结束奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处应填副词repeatedly，作状语，修饰动词stated，表示“反复地，再三地”，故填repeatedly。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句的连接词。句意：他一再表示，他的目标是维护联盟，而不是在存在奴隶制的国家结束奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是states，缺少的引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：美国军队一到达并控制了他们，《解放黑奴宣言》就使邦联地区的所有奴隶在美国法律下永远自由，并在1865年控制了所有奴隶。根据句意及空前all修饰可知，设空处应填可数名词复数slaves，故填slaves。
【45题详解】
考查时态及语态。句意：边境各州的最终废除奴隶制是在当年年末实现的。根据that year可知，本句表述过去发生的事，时态用一般过去时。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，主语Final abolition与achieve是动宾关系，故用被动语态。结合时态，应用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)，主语Final abolition是单数，故填was achieved。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分10分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，是在伦敦学习的交换生，昨天你的室友Tony在校园里摔倒后住院，请你给学校求助中心写封邮件，寻找昨天帮助过Tony的中国学生。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to ask you to look for a Chinese student.
Yesterday, my roommate Tony was on the way to the classroom when he fell down and could hardly move. Just at that moment, a Chinese girl came to him. She gave him first aid and called an ambulance. But the girl left quietly before Tony could say thanks to her. The girl is about 18 years old and of medium height with short hair. Tony is eager to meet her to express his sincere thanks. Could you please help find her?
I will appreciate any help you can give.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校求助中心写封邮件，寻找昨天帮助过在校园里摔倒Tony的中国学生。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找：look for→ search for
几乎不：hardly →barely
急切的：eager → anxious
诚挚的：sincere →genuine
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Tony is eager to meet her to express his sincere thanks.
拓展句：In order that he can express his sincere thanks, Tony is eager to meet her.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Yesterday, my roommate Tony was on the way to the classroom when he fell down and could hardly move.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】I will appreciate any help you can give.（运用了省略关系代词which或that的定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A light rain was falling as my sister Jill and I ran out of the shop，eager to get home and play with the presents that our parents had prepared for us and our baby sister, Sharon.Across the street from the shop was a gas station where the Greyhound bus stopped，which was closed for New Year，but I saw a family standing outside the locked door，gathering closely together under the narrow overhang in an attempt to keep dry.I wondered briefly why they were there but then forgot about them as I raced to keep up with Jill.
Once we got home，there was barely time to enjoy our presents.We had to go off to our grandparents’ house for our annual family dinner.As we drove down the highway through town，I noticed that the family was still there，standing outside the closed gas station.
My father was driving very slowly down the highway.The closer we got to the turnoff(岔道) for my grandparents’ house，the slower the car went.Suddenly，my father made a Uturn in the middle of the road and said that he couldn’t stand it.“What？” asked my mother.“It’s those people back there at the station，standing in the rain.They’ve got children.It’s New Year.I can’t stand it.”
When my father pulled into the service station，I saw that there were five of them: the parents and three children—two girls and a small boy，who were getting wet standing there. My father rolled down his window.“Happy New Year，” he said.
“Thanks. You, too，” the man replied. He was very tall and had to bend slightly to look into the car. Jill, Sharon, and I looked at the children，and they looked back at us.
“You waiting on the bus？” my father asked. The man said that they were. They were going to Birmingham, where he had a brother and chances of a job. Knowing the bus wouldn’t come along for several hours, my father invited them to our home to shelter from the rain.
Paragraph 1：
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused. He said he didn’t want to put us to any bother.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.After my parents’strong persuasion，he finally agreed and thanked us all the time. They climbed into the car.They had no luggage，only the clothes they were wearing.Once they settled in，my father looked back over his shoulder handing them some tissues to wipe the rainwater from their faces.
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily. My mother noticed all their clothes were wet，so she found some of ours for them to change. Jill and I decided to share our New Year presents with the children. One of the girls chose Jill’s doll and immediately hugged it to her breast. When the rain stopped，my father drove them to the station. As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces. That was the day when Jill and I learned the joy of making others happy.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，天下着雨，长途汽车因为新年而关闭了，门外站着一家人在等长途汽车，长途汽车要几小时才来，我们一家人本已经在去祖父母家参加家庭聚会的高速路上，但父亲想到这一家人还在那里等待，就掉头回去邀请他们到我们家避雨。……
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：这个人想了一会儿，然后拒绝了。……，所以接下应该写这个人拒绝的原因以及父亲再次真诚的邀请。第二段开头是：当我们在我们家下车时，三个孩子高兴地从前门跑了进来。……，所以接下来应该写我们与孩子在家里发生的事情，比如为孩子换上干净的衣服（因为外面一直下雨，孩子的衣服有可能淋湿了），再比如分享新年礼物等。雨停了，爸爸开车送他们去车站。当他们开车离开时，我久久地望着窗外，回望着他们幸福的脸。就是在那一天，吉尔和我学会了如何让别人快乐。
续写时要求短文的词数应为150左右，故应提前构思，详略得当，避免长篇大论。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了较多的主从复合句。如：.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.这句话运用了that引导的宾语从句；如：As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces.这个句子中有as引导的时间状语从句
听力答案：1-5 ACBAB 6-10 CACBA 11-15 BCABA 16-20 ABBCC
2022-2023学年度上学期八校联合体期中试卷
高二英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 满分150分)
第一部分 听力(共两节，每题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题：每题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1 What color pants does the woman want?
A. Black. B. Red. C. Purple.
2. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Classmates. R. Waiter and customer. C. Co-workers.
3. What is the woman doing?
A. Planning a day trip. B. Looking at a website. C. Watching a movie.
4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A.A play. B.A book. C.A CD.
5. Why can’t the woman go out tonight?
A. She has homework to do.
B. She must care for her brother.
C. She will attend a meeting.
第二节(共15小题：每题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What drink is the woman going to have?
A. Tea. B. Milk. C. Coffee.
7. What is the weather like today?
A. Rainy. B. Snowy. C. Sunny.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Where did the woman spend the Spring Festival?
A. At her father’s. B. At her friend’s. C. At her grandmother’s.
9. Why didn’t the man go home for the Spring Festival?
A. He visited some relatives.
B. He thought it cost too much.
C. He wanted to attend a street festival.
10. What docs the woman like best about the Spring Festival?
A. The traditional dancers. B. The food. C. The presents.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What happened to the man’s book?
A. He lent it to a friend. B. He got it wet. C. He lost it.
12.What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Use her spare copy.
B. Buy a new copy online.
C. Ask their teacher for help.
13.Wherc are the speakers probably?
A. In the classroom. B. In the library. C. In the teacher’s office.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Who is Mr. Parker probably?
A. Olivia’s teacher. B. Olivia’s boss. C. Olivia’s husband.
15. Where did Olivia work for three years?
A. In the sales department.
B. In the engineering department.
C. In the marketing department.
16. What is the date today?
A. February 26th. B. March 26th. C. April 26th.
17.Why is Olivia thankful to Mr. Parker?
A. For helping her at school.
B. For encouraging her at work.
C. For giving her another job.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
l8. How did Yuzuru Hanyu’s fans probably feel about his attempt?
A. Upset. B. Proud. C. Surprised.
19. What does a person trying the jump have to be like?
A. Crazy. B. Heavy. C. Strong.
20.Who was the first person to do the jump?
A. Yuzuru Hanyu. B. Miki Ando. C. Kurt Browning.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，每小题2.5分，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
National Music Theater Competition
The 2022 National Music Theater Competition (NMTC) semifinal and final (决赛) rounds will be held in New York City in early January 2022.
As the first national competition for the music theater soloist (独奏者) seeking the best talent, NMTC has provided industry connections to past competitors and winners that have led to their success on Broadway and other places in these years. The final round is open to the public for $10 general admission seating and can be purchased at the door.
Prizes (each prize only for a person)
lst Prize: $5,000 PLUs a concert at the next NATS National Conference, $1,000 Gift Certificate from Hal Leonard, Career Management Services package from Stage Door Connections.
2nd Prize: $2,500 PLus a $500 Gift Certificate from Hal Leonard.
3rd Prize: $1 ,000 cash prize.
4th Prize: $750 cash prize.
Qualification
singers aged 20-28 as of September 15,2021
Entrance Procedure
Application requires payment of the $90 application fee (reduced entry fee for students of NATS Full or Associate members, $75 for these students). All application materials must be submitted by the deadline — September 15, 2021. Late or incomplete applications will not be considered. No refund of application fees due to cancellation by the applicant will be allowed. After application, only online applicants have to upload their entry videos until October 15,2021.
Where to Audition (试镜)
Live Auditions-Date (s) and location (s)TBD (待定)
Online Auditions-Video submission deadline is October 15,2021.
Online application will be available on September 5, 2021. Online applicants will make a video that lasts up to 20 minutes from the list of the songs that will be published online.
1. What is the purpose of holding the National Music Theater Competition?
A. To please all the audiencc.
B. To earn an amount of money.
C. To make more people like music.
D. To find people with a gift for music.
2. What can we learn about the entrance procedure?
A. $90 application fee is suitable for any competitor.
B. All competitors need to upload their entry videos.
C. One’s application will be useless if his submission of the material is late.
D. The application fee will be returned if one cancels his application.
3. What’s special about Online Auditions?
A. The date(s) and location(s) are uncertain.
B. Applicants need to prepare a video that’s limited to 20 minutes.
C. People should start online application on September 15,2021.
D. Applicants can upload their audition videos until September 5, 2021.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了全国音乐戏剧大赛。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As the first national competition for the music theater soloist (独奏者) seeking the best talent, NMTC has provided industry connections to past competitors and winners that have led to their success on Broadway and other places in these years. (作为首个为音乐剧独奏家寻找最佳人才的全国性比赛，NMTC为过去的竞争者和获胜者提供了行业联系，这些年来他们在百老汇和其他地方取得了成功)”可知，举办全国音乐戏剧比赛的目的是寻找有音乐天赋的人。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Entrance Procedure中的“All application materials must be submitted by the deadline — September 15, 2021. Late or incomplete applications will not be considered. (所有申请材料必须在2021年9月15日前提交。逾期或不完整的申请将不获考虑)”可知，如果一个人的材料提交晚了，他的申请将是无用的。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。最后一段“Online applicants will make a video that lasts up to 20 minutes from the list of the songs that will be published online. (在线申请者将根据将在网上发布的歌曲列表制作一段时长不超过20分钟的视频)”可知，申请者需要准备一段视频，时长不超过20分钟。故选B。
B
A Georgia mom is winning praise for the way she’s teaching her children, aged 13,10 and 6, about money.
Shaketha MeGregor, a single mother in Dublin, Georgia, knew she needed a solution after frequent requests from her three kids for things like new toys and money to do things with their friends.
She came up with the unique idea to host a “job fair(就业展览会)”for her three children Jahkeem, in seventh grade, Takeia, in fifth grade, and Serinity, in first grade. The three positions at the job fair were the kitchen manager, lead housekeeper and laundry supervisor(洗衣房主管).Children had to earn their pocket money by doing a job.
Jahkeem, Takeia and Serinity each picked the job they wanted to apply for, filled out the application and had interviews with their employer-their mom.
“My oldest and my youngest both applied for the lead housekeeper,” McGregor said.“ As to my 6-year-old daughter Serinity, I was more impressed with her application and her interview than my 13-year-old son Jahkeem.”
”I want them to be familiar with the process when they are older,“ she said. ”Whether they’re applying to a school or for a new job. they can look back and say, “I did this with Mom years ago.” As a parent you want to protect your children as much as possible, but you know that eventually they’ll have to experience it on their own and a child’s greatest lesson in life is going through the process.
MeGregor’s post on Facebook where she shared her job fair idea now has more than 200,000 likes. She said she hoped it inspired other parents to think outside of the box and let their kids’ voices be heard.“ What I’m realizing is that kids just want to be part of something. The first-hand experience is the best way to educate children,” McGregor said.
4. What do you know about McGregor’s solution?
A. It is creative. B. It’s uninteresting
C. It is strange. D. It’s traditional.
5. How can Takeia get the new toy she wants according to the passage?
A. By doing housework. B. By behaving well.
C. By getting good marks. D. By listening to McGregor.
6. What can we infer from the result of the job fair?
A. Serinity was awarded a new toy.
B. Serinity got the position as a kitchen manager.
C. Takeia became the lead housekeeper at the fair.
D. Jahkeen didn’t get the job he had applied for.
7. What do we know from the last paragraph?
A. Children should always listen to their parents views.
B. Parents should pay their children for anything.
C. MeGregor’s post is well received online.
D MeGregor’s idea is suitable for all families.
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三个孩子的母亲Shaketha McGregor被孩子们的物质需求弄得焦头烂额，对此她想出了举办家务工作招聘会的点子，让孩子们通过竞争家务工作的职位来赚取零花钱，这个创意获得了网友们的一致好评。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She came up with the unique idea to host a “job fair” for her three children, Jahkeem, in seventh grade, Takeia, in fifth grade, and Serinity, in first grade.(她想出了一个独特的主意，为她的三个孩子举办一场“招聘会”，他们分别是七年级的Jahkeem、五年级的Takeia和一年级的Serinity。)”可知，这种举行家庭工作招聘会的方法很独特，有创意。故选A。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The three positions at the job fair were the kitchen manager, lead housekeeper and laundry supervisor(洗衣房主管).Children had to earn their pocket money by doing a job.(招聘会上的三个职位分别是厨房经理、首席管家和洗衣房主管。孩子们不得不通过工作来赚取零花钱。)”可知，孩子们可以通过工作来赚零花钱。所以，Takeia如果想要得到一个新的玩具，她只有通过工作来赚钱买玩具。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段““My oldest and my youngest both applied for the lead housekeeper,” MeGregor said.“ As to my 6-year-old daughter Serinity, I was more impressed with her application and her interview than my 13-year-old son Jahkeem.”(“我最大的孩子和最小的孩子都申请了首席管家的职位，” McGregor说。“至于我6岁的女儿Serinity，我对她的申请和面试印象比我13岁的儿子Jahkeem更深刻。”)”可知，Jahkeem的申请和面试结果并没有自己的妹妹出色，因此他并没有得到申请的职位。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“MeGregor’s post on Facebook where she shared her job fair idea now has more than 200,000 likes.( MeGregor在脸书上分享了她招聘会的想法，现在已经有20多万个赞了。)”可知，她的帖子在网络上受到一致好评。故选C。
C
For many people around the world, the recent pandemic has meant having to work from home. Their work in offices has been stopped for a period. This means different working practices, which have advantages and disadvantages for employees. But the big question is, will they ever see their offices again?
Home working has made people realize what tasks they can perform at home, rather than standing the rush hour to the office to do the same thing. It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better and have saved money by not travelling or buying lunches. And recent research suggests the majority of people working from home are just as productive.
For some people，this could be a permanent arrangement. In the UK, fifty of the biggest employers questioned by the BBC have said they have no plans to return all staff to the office full-time in the near future. One main reason is that firms can’t provide enough space for large numbers of staff while social distancing rules are still in place. But the BBC also heard from some smaller businesses who are deciding to give up their offices altogether.
Other bigger companies are also looking at shutting offices to save money as many jobs can be performed at home. Peter Cheese, head of the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development, told the BBC: “We’re at a moment of real change in the world of work, driven by big existential problems.”
But this isn’t great news for everyone. Some employees can feel lonely at home, and there’s less opportunity to network or learn from other people, especially if they’re new staff. Also, city centers may suffer most from a change in working habits. Shops and cafes rely on the footfall of office workers. and without them, they face closure. So it may be too early to say where our desks will be permanently located.
8. What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The discomfort of home working.
B. The costs of home working.
C. The benefits of home working.
D. The bad influence of home working.
9. What can we know about the workers in the UK?
A. Fifty percent of them will work part-time.
B. Workers of smaller businesses will be unemployed.
C. They will work in larger offices in the future.
D. Some of them will continue to work at home.
10. What kind of employee is more likely to dislike working from home?
A. New employees. B. Old employees.
C. Employees of big companies. D. Employees of small companies.
11. What’s the author’s attitude to the future of home working?
A. Unconcerned. B. Uncertain. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在各国经历新冠肺炎疫情期间，有许多人都开始居家办公。人们开始意识到，也许未来人们不再需要办公室。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Home working has made people realize what tasks they can perform at home, rather than standing the rush hour to the office to do the same thing. It has given them more time with the family; they’ve been sleeping better and have saved money by not travelling or buying lunches. And recent research suggests the majority of people working from home are just as productive.(在家工作让人们意识到他们可以在家里完成什么任务，而不是站在上下班高峰期去办公室做同样的事情。这让他们有更多的时间陪伴家人；他们的睡眠质量更好了，而且通过不旅行和不买午餐节省了钱。最近的研究表明，大多数在家工作的人也一样高效)”可知，第二段主要讲述的是居家办公的好处。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“In the UK, fifty of the biggest employers questioned by the BBC have said they have no plans to return all staff to the office full-time in the near future.(在英国，接受BBC采访的50家最大雇主表示，他们没有在近期让所有员工全职上班的计划)”可推断，一些公司并不打算近期让员工去办公室工作，换句话说，他们打算继续让员工居家办公。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“But this isn’t great news for everyone. Some employees can feel lonely at home, and there’s less opportunity to network or learn from other people, especially if they’re new staff.(但是这并不是对每个人来说都是好消息。有些员工在家会感到孤独，而且很少有机会与他人交流或向他人学习，尤其是新员工)”可知，有些员工在家会孤独，新员工也没有机会与人交流和学习。所以对新员工而言，这并不是好消息。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。文章作者在第一段提出“This means different working practices, which have advantages and disadvantages for employees.(这意味着不同的工作方法，这对员工有好处也有坏处)”、第二段说明了居家工作的好处、最后一段又提及了居家工作不好的方面。特别是最后一句话“So it may be too early to say where our desks will be permanently located.(因此，现在说我们的办公桌将永久安置在哪里可能还为时过早)”。由此可以判断，作者其实也感到不太确定。故选B。
D
You may be drinking energy drinks to power through school and sports, but these drinks could put you in danger.
When 10th grader Davis Allen Cripe went out to lunch on April 26 he was healthy. Davis drank a cup of coffee and a bottle of Pepsi; then he went back to school and drank a l6-ounce(盎司 )energy drink. In the art class, he fell to his knees. He told his friends he felt uncomfortable. Then he passed out(昏倒). At 3:40pm, Davis was dead. He died from a drug many of us take every day: caffeine(咖啡因). Davis drank too much of it too fast.
It’s no surprise that energy drinks are popular with teens. The drinks are often advertised to sound cool. They have names like Monster and Full Throttle. Drink companies support sports like BMX biking and skateboarding. Ads for energy drinks sometimes suggest the products will give you special powers. “Set free the Beast,” reads one advertisement. Another brand says its drink “gives you wings”. These ads may be inducing more kids to buy energy drinks. In fact, one-third of American teens buy them regularly.
Many teens drink these drinks because they hope to have more energy for studying or sports. Your friends drink ice-cold colas at lunch to stay clear. They drink large Frappuecinos at Starbucks to give them energy after school.
Caffeine is so common that most people don’t think of it as a drug. But that’s exactly what it is. If you drink too much caffeine, your heart beats faster. You may get anxious on the soccer field. You may not be able to focus on the homework in front of you. Caffeine will also make you lose sleep. It can affect you for up to 6 hours. Drink an energy drink after school, and you may still be awake at bedtime.
Can it actually kill you? Dying from one drink is very unlikely. Doctors say adults can safely have about five cups of coffee-or two large energy drinks-a day. But we know less about how caffeine affects teens, and that worries doctors. Every year，thousands of people get sick from drinking energy drinks. Most of those people are under 20 years old.
12. Why does the author tell the story of Davis?
A. To show the harm of caffeine.
B. To show pity for a young boy.
C. To warn teens of unexpected accidents.
D. To call on young people to keep healthy.
13. What does the underlined word “inducing” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Requiring. B. Helping.
C. Expecting. D. Persuading.
14. What do teens think of energy drinks?
A. Energy drinks will make them energetic in school life.
B. Energy drinks will make them have more special powers.
C. Energy drinks will make them look cool as other teenagers.
D. Energy drinks will make them more popular with others.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Adults are hardly affected by energy drinks.
B. Adults can drink as many energy drinks as they want.
C. Doctors don’t understand how caffeine works among teenagers.
D. Teenagers are most likely to get sick from drinking energy drinks.
【答案】12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了过量饮用含有咖啡因的饮料会对人体造成很大的危害，而目前，医学上就咖啡因对青少年造成的影响还知之甚少。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“You may be drinking energy drinks to power through school and sports, but these drinks could put you in danger.(你可能会在上学和运动时喝能量饮料，但这些饮料可能会让你处于危险之中。)”以及第二段“At 3:40pm, Davis was dead. He died from a drug many of us take every day: caffeine(咖啡因).(下午3点40分，Davis死亡。他死于一种我们许多人每天都在服用的药物：咖啡因。)”可推断，作者讲述Davis的故事是为了告诉我们咖啡因的危害。故选A。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线单词前文“Ads for energy drinks sometimes suggest the products will give you special powers. “Set free the Beast,” reads one advertisement. Another brand says its drink “gives you wings”.(功能饮料的广告有时会暗示这种产品会给你特殊的能力。“释放野兽，”一则广告写道。另一个品牌说他们的饮料“给你翅膀”。)”可知，这些广告让孩子觉得喝了这些能量饮料，孩子就会有超能力。再根据划线单词后的“to buy energy drinks(去购买能量饮料)”可知，划线单词inducing的意思应为“诱导、劝说”。选项A“Requiring (要求)”；选项B“Helping (帮助)”；选项C“Expecting (期待)”；选项D“Persuading (劝服)”。故选D。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Many teens drink these drinks because they hope to have more energy for studying or sports.(许多青少年喝这些饮料是因为他们希望有更多的精力来学习或运动。)”可知，许多青少年们认为这些能量饮料会为自己学习或运动提供更多的精力。故选A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Every year，thousands of people get sick from drinking energy drinks. Most of those people are under 20 years old.(每年，成千上万的人因饮用能量饮料而生病。这些人大多在20岁以下。)”可知，在因为饮用能量饮料而生病的人群中，大多数都在20岁以下，因此可推断出，青少年是最有可能因为饮用能量饮料而生病的人。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Before you can commit to achieving a goal. you have to define what exactly your goal is.____16____. It can take a lot of thought and consideration to find out specifically what you want. Setting a meaningful goal involves creativity and patience. By taking the right steps. your process of deciding on a goal can get much easier.
Start with broad ideas. Many times, people will only have a vague idea of their goal. This isn’t a problem-starting broadly will actually help you map out a clear path(成功的途径)towards more specific, attainable goals. For example you may broadly tell yourself, “I want to be happy____17____.but it can be specified in time.
Try free writing to come up with ideas.____18____, try a free writing exercise. Free writing involves simply writing down whatever comes to you with a specific question in mind. You may find that your brain gets more creative when you’re not forcing it to come up with ideas.
Define specific aspects of your broad idea. When you’ve established a broad idea, you need to break it down to develop a more concrete goal. For example, your broad idea may be that you want to get a good job.____19____-is it high pay? Good hours? An enjoyable work environment? The way you answer this question will influence the way you go about achieving your goal.
____20____.After narrowing down your broad idea, you can decide what exactly your goal is. Taking your broad idea and the narrowed-down elements(要素),you should explicitly write what exactly your goal is. With a clear definition. you’ll be able to lay out exactly what is required to achieve your goal. You’ll also be able to assess your success more easily.
A. Write out a concrete goal
B. Make your goals attainable
C. This is a very large and vague goal
D. This is much harder than it may sound
E. Now define what a good job means to you
F. A good job plays a big part in achieving your goal
G. If you’re having trouble thinking up a broad idea for your goal
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. G 19. E 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为了完成某一件事，在此之前应如何制定出具体明确的目标。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Before you can commit to achieving a goal. you have to define what exactly your goal is. (在你能承诺实现一个目标之前。你必须明确你的目标是什么。)”可知，在实现目标之前我们需要确定目标；而下文“It can take a lot of thought and consideration to find out specifically what you want. Setting a meaningful goal involves creativity and patience. (找到你具体想要的东西可能需要大量的思考和考虑。设定一个有意义的目标需要创造力和耐心。)”则告诉我们制定目标要花费大量的时间和思考。选项D“This is much harder than it may sound (这比听起来要难得多。)”起到承上启下的作用。故选D。
【17题详解】
根据上文“This isn’t a problem-starting broadly will actually help you map out a clear path(成功的途径)towards more specific, attainable goals.(这不是一个问题——从广泛的角度出发，实际上会帮助你为更具体、更可实现的目标规划出一条清晰的道路。)”可知，要制定出具体、可实现的目标。空后“but it can be specified in time.(但它可以在时间上明确。)”可知，空前的目标不太明确。选项C“This is a very large and vague goal (这是一个非常大而模糊的目标)”是对上文内容的解释说明。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据段首句“Try free writing to come up with ideas.(尝试自由写作来获得灵感。)”可知，本段主要讲的是通过自由写作来获得灵感。分析句子结构可知，空后为主句，因此空处为从句。选项G“If you’re having trouble thinking up a broad idea for your goal(如果你在为你的目标想出一个宽泛的想法上有困难)”引出下文的“try a free writing exercise. (尝试一个免费的写作练习。)”，且为状语从句，形式和内容上都符合要求。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据上文“When you’ve established a broad idea, you need to break it down to develop a more concrete goal. For example, your broad idea may be that you want to get a good job.(当你已经建立了一个大致的想法，你需要分解它来发展一个更具体的目标。例如，你的总体想法可能是你想要得到一份好工作。)”可知，目标需要具体化，而好的工作这个目标太过广泛，需要具体化。选项E“Now define what a good job means to you(现在定义一下什么是好工作)”符合本段内容。故选E。
【20题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段中心句。根据下文“After narrowing down your broad idea, you can decide what exactly your goal is. Taking your broad idea and the narrowed-down elements(要素),you should explicitly write what exactly your goal is. With a clear definition. you’ll be able to lay out exactly what is required to achieve your goal. You’ll also be able to assess your success more easily.(在缩小你的思路之后，你就可以确定你的目标是什么了。把你的宽泛的想法和缩小的要素，你应该明确地写出你的目标到底是什么。有明确的定义。这样你就能准确地列出实现目标所需要的东西。你也可以更容易地评估你的成功。)”可知，本段主要讲的是写出具体的目标。选项A“Write out a concrete goal(写下一个具体的目标)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题1分、满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The last complete ice shelf in the Canadian Arctic has collapsed(倒塌).The Milne Ice Shelf is ___21___ Ellesmere Island,Canada.The shelf lost ___22___ 40 percent of its area in just two days at the end of July.
Above normal air temperatures,offshore winds and open water in front of the shelf are all parts of the ___23___ for its break-up.The shelf area shrank(缩小）by about 80 square kilometers.By comparison,the island of Manhattan in New York ___24___ about 60 square kilometers.Temperatures in the polar area have been ___25___ intense(强烈的).Summer in the Canadian Arctic this year has been 5 degrees Celsius___26___ the 30-year average.That has ___27___ smaller ice caps,___28___ can melt quickly.As a glacier disappears,more bedrock is left ___29___.This then speeds up the melting_____30_____. A research camp,including instruments for measuring water flow through the ice shelf,was lost when the shelf at Ellesmere Island collapsed.
＂It was only a _____31_____ of time,"said Mark Serreze,director of the National Snow and Ice Data Center. His study showed the ice caps were_____32_____ to disappear within five years.Their disappearance was _____33_____ last month,when NASA satellite images of the area showed a complete lack of snow and ice.Serreze's _____34_____ trip to the Arctic was many years ago."When I was there in the 1980s,I knew every square inch of those ice caps,"Serreze said."You have the good _____35_____.It's like your first girlfriend.I want her back."
21. A. at the edge of B. in front of C. at the back of D. at the end of
22. A. rather than B. less than C. other than D. more than
23. A. situations B. conditions C. elements D. problems
24. A. combines B. covers C. evaluates D. obtains
25. A. seriously B. especially C. naturally D. nearly
26. A. down B. below C. up D. above
27. A. reduced B. broken C. threatened D. brought
28. A. which B. that C. where D. whose
29. A. uncovered B. discovered C. predicted D. spotted
30. A. program B. progress C. project D. process
31. A. question B. thing C. matter D. concept
32. A. possibly B. likely C. probably D. surely
33. A. simplified B. launched C. confirmed D. accompanied
34. A. research B. search C. culture D. business
35. A. dreams B. ideas C. attitudes D. memories
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了加拿大北极地区最后一个完整的冰架崩塌了。
【21题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：米尔恩冰架位于加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的边缘。A. at the edge of在……的边缘；B. in front of在……的前面；C. at the back of在……的后部；D. at the end of在……的结尾。根据常识，可知，米尔恩冰架位于加拿大埃尔斯米尔岛的边缘。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：七月底，仅仅两天时间，冰架面积就减少了40%以上。A. rather than而不是；B. less than少于；C. other than除了；D. more than多于。根据上文“The last complete ice shelf in the Canadian Arctic has collapsed”（加拿大北极地区最后一个完整的冰架崩塌了。）可知，此处七月底冰架面积减少了很多。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：高于正常气温、离岸风和大陆架前的开放水域都是导致其断裂的因素。A. situations情况；B. conditions条件；C. elements要素；D. problems问题。“Above normal air temperatures，offshore winds和 open water”都是导致冰架断裂的要素。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：相比之下，纽约的曼哈顿岛只有60平方公里。A. combines组合，结合；B. covers覆盖；C. evaluates评价；D. obtains获得。根据“60 square kilometers.”可知，此处表示岛屿覆盖的范围。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：极地地区的温度尤其高。A. seriously严重地；B. especially尤其；C. naturally自然地；D. nearly几乎。根据上文“Above normal air temperatures”可知，极地地区的温度尤其高。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：今年加拿大北极地区的夏季比30年来的平均气温高出5摄氏度。A. down向下；B. below在……下面；C. up向上；D. above在……之上。根据上文“The shelf lost more than 40 percent of its area in just two days at the end of July.”可知，冰架的融化是由于今年的气温比往年更高。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：这已经威胁到可以迅速融化的小冰盖。A. reduced减少；B. broken破坏；C. threatened使惊吓；D. brought带来。根据下文“This then speeds up the melting”可知，由于加速融化，对小冰盖的存在产生了威胁。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查从属连词辨析。句意：这已经威胁到可以迅速融化的小冰盖。A. which关系代词，指物；B. that关系代词，可以指物或者指人；C. where关系副词，作地点状语；D. whose关系代词，表示“谁的”。分析句子结构，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词smaller ice caps在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：随着冰川的消失，更多的基岩裸露在外。A. uncovered揭露，揭发；B. discovered发现；C. predicted预测；D. spotted看见，注意到。根据“As a glacier disappears”可知，因为冰川的融化，很多基岩裸露在外。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：这就加速了融化过程。A. program项目；B. progress进步；C. project方案，工程；D. process过程，进程。根据“As a glacier disappears, more bedrock is left uncovered”可知，“冰川融化，基岩裸露”加速了融化的过程。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：“这只是时间问题，”国家冰雪数据中心主任马克·塞雷泽(Mark Serreze)说。A. question问题；B. thing事情；C. matter问题；D. concept概念，观念。根据上文“A research camp, including instruments for measuring water flow through the ice shelf, was lost when the shelf at Ellesmere Island collapsed.”（当埃尔斯米尔岛的冰架崩塌时，包括测量冰架水流的仪器在内的一个研究营地也消失了。）可知，此处表示上面的这些事物消失只是时间的问题。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查副词辨析。句意：他的研究表明，冰盖有可能在五年内消失。A. possibly有可能地；B. likely可能，或许；C. probably很可能，大概；D. surely必定，当然。sb/sth be likely to do sth.为固定短语，意为“有可能做某事”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词辨析。句意：上个月，美国宇航局(NASA)的卫星图像显示，该地区完全没有冰雪，这也证实了冰盖消失的事实。A. simplified使简化；B. launched发起，发动；C. confirmed证实；D. accompanied陪伴。根据“when NASA satellite images of the area showed a complete lack of snow and ice.”可知，此处用科技手段证实了冰盖的消失。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：赛瑞兹的北极考察之旅是许多年前的事了。A. research调查，研究；B. search搜寻，搜索；C. culture文化；D. business生意。根据“trip to the Arctic”可知，此处表示去极低考察的旅行。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：你有美好的回忆。A. dreams梦想；B. ideas想法，主意；C. attitudes态度；D. memories回忆。根据上文“When I was there in the 1980s,I knew every square inch of those ice caps,”（上世纪80年代我在那里的时候，我对那些冰盖的每一平方英寸都了如指掌）可知，根据Serreze的描述，当年的极地考察之旅是美好的回忆。故选D。
第二节(共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Abraham Lincoln’s position on slavery is one of____36____most discussed aspects of his life. ____37____(start)in 1831, a growing group of abolitionists(废奴主义者) called for total, immediate abolition of slavery.
Lincoln never called for this, and focused instead ____38____the less politically challenging goal of preventing the____39____(create)of new slave states. Lincoln’s activism on that issue started in reaction io the 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act____40____(design) by his great rival(对手) Stephen A. Douglas. The act allowed the settlers____41____(decide) on slavery in their territory.
Lincoln, with partial compensation to owners, did end slavery in the District of Columbia in l862. During 186l-1862 Lincoln tried unsuccessfully to get Kentucky and Maryland to do likewise. He ____42____(repeated) stated that his goal was the preservation of the Union, not ending slavery in the states____43____it existed. In 1862, Lincoln used his role as commander-in-chief to issue the Emancipation Proclamation. It made all ____44____(slave)in Confederate areas forever free under the U.S. law as soon as the U.S. army reached and controlled them and it controlled all of them by 1865. Final abolition in the border states _____45_____(achieve) later that year.
【答案】36. the
37. Starting
38. on##upon
39 creation
40. designed
41. to decide
42. repeatedly
43. where 44. slaves
45. was achieved
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述林肯发表《解放黑奴宣言》及废除奴隶制。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：亚伯拉罕·林肯对奴隶制的立场是他一生中讨论最多的方面之一。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处考查one of the most…，表示“最……之一”，故填the。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：从1831年开始，越来越多的废奴主义者呼吁立即彻底废除奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。句子的逻辑主语是a growing group of abolitionists(废奴主义者) called for total, immediate abolition of slavery这件事，主语与start是主谓关系，故填现在分词starting。位于句首，开头字母大写，故填Starting。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：林肯从未呼吁这样做，而是专注于阻止建立新的奴隶州这一政治上挑战性较小的目标。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处考查短语focus on，表示“集中于，专注于”，故填on/upon。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：林肯从未呼吁这样做，而是专注于阻止建立新的奴隶州这一政治上挑战性较小的目标。根据句意及句子结构the…of分析可知，设空处应填名词creation，表示“创建，创造”，故填creation。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：林肯在这个问题上的行动始于对1854年《堪萨斯-内布拉斯加法案》的反应，该法案由他的极大的竞争对手Stephen A. Douglas所制定。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，设空处应填非谓语动词。逻辑主语Kansas-Nebraska Act与design是动宾关系，故用过去分词designed，作后置定语，故填designed。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：该法案允许定居者决定在其领土上实行奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处考查短语allow sb. to do sth.，表示“允许某人做某事”，故设空处应填不定式，故填to decide。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：他一再表示，他的目标是维护联盟，而不是在存在奴隶制的国家结束奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此处应填副词repeatedly，作状语，修饰动词stated，表示“反复地，再三地”，故填repeatedly。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句的连接词。句意：他一再表示，他的目标是维护联盟，而不是在存在奴隶制的国家结束奴隶制。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是states，缺少的引导词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：美国军队一到达并控制了他们，《解放黑奴宣言》就使邦联地区的所有奴隶在美国法律下永远自由，并在1865年控制了所有奴隶。根据句意及空前all修饰可知，设空处应填可数名词复数slaves，故填slaves。
【45题详解】
考查时态及语态。句意：边境各州的最终废除奴隶制是在当年年末实现的。根据that year可知，本句表述过去发生的事，时态用一般过去时。根据句意及句子结构分析可知，主语Final abolition与achieve是动宾关系，故用被动语态。结合时态，应用一般过去时的被动语态(was/were done)，主语Final abolition是单数，故填was achieved。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分10分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，是在伦敦学习的交换生，昨天你的室友Tony在校园里摔倒后住院，请你给学校求助中心写封邮件，寻找昨天帮助过Tony的中国学生。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.邮件的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Sir/Madam.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
LiHua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing to ask you to look for a Chinese student.
Yesterday, my roommate Tony was on the way to the classroom when he fell down and could hardly move. Just at that moment, a Chinese girl came to him. She gave him first aid and called an ambulance. But the girl left quietly before Tony could say thanks to her. The girl is about 18 years old and of medium height with short hair. Tony is eager to meet her to express his sincere thanks. Could you please help find her?
I will appreciate any help you can give.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校求助中心写封邮件，寻找昨天帮助过在校园里摔倒Tony的中国学生。
【详解】1.词汇积累
寻找：look for→ search for
几乎不：hardly →barely
急切的：eager → anxious
诚挚的：sincere →genuine
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Tony is eager to meet her to express his sincere thanks.
拓展句：In order that he can express his sincere thanks, Tony is eager to meet her.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Yesterday, my roommate Tony was on the way to the classroom when he fell down and could hardly move.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】I will appreciate any help you can give.（运用了省略关系代词which或that的定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
A light rain was falling as my sister Jill and I ran out of the shop，eager to get home and play with the presents that our parents had prepared for us and our baby sister, Sharon.Across the street from the shop was a gas station where the Greyhound bus stopped，which was closed for New Year，but I saw a family standing outside the locked door，gathering closely together under the narrow overhang in an attempt to keep dry.I wondered briefly why they were there but then forgot about them as I raced to keep up with Jill.
Once we got home，there was barely time to enjoy our presents.We had to go off to our grandparents’ house for our annual family dinner.As we drove down the highway through town，I noticed that the family was still there，standing outside the closed gas station.
My father was driving very slowly down the highway.The closer we got to the turnoff(岔道) for my grandparents’ house，the slower the car went.Suddenly，my father made a Uturn in the middle of the road and said that he couldn’t stand it.“What？” asked my mother.“It’s those people back there at the station，standing in the rain.They’ve got children.It’s New Year.I can’t stand it.”
When my father pulled into the service station，I saw that there were five of them: the parents and three children—two girls and a small boy，who were getting wet standing there. My father rolled down his window.“Happy New Year，” he said.
“Thanks. You, too，” the man replied. He was very tall and had to bend slightly to look into the car. Jill, Sharon, and I looked at the children，and they looked back at us.
“You waiting on the bus？” my father asked. The man said that they were. They were going to Birmingham, where he had a brother and chances of a job. Knowing the bus wouldn’t come along for several hours, my father invited them to our home to shelter from the rain.
Paragraph 1：
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2：
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
The man thought about it for a moment，but then refused. He said he didn’t want to put us to any bother.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.After my parents’strong persuasion，he finally agreed and thanked us all the time. They climbed into the car.They had no luggage，only the clothes they were wearing.Once they settled in，my father looked back over his shoulder handing them some tissues to wipe the rainwater from their faces.
When we got out of the car at our house，the three children ran through the front door happily. My mother noticed all their clothes were wet，so she found some of ours for them to change. Jill and I decided to share our New Year presents with the children. One of the girls chose Jill’s doll and immediately hugged it to her breast. When the rain stopped，my father drove them to the station. As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces. That was the day when Jill and I learned the joy of making others happy.
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，天下着雨，长途汽车因为新年而关闭了，门外站着一家人在等长途汽车，长途汽车要几小时才来，我们一家人本已经在去祖父母家参加家庭聚会的高速路上，但父亲想到这一家人还在那里等待，就掉头回去邀请他们到我们家避雨。……
续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：这个人想了一会儿，然后拒绝了。……，所以接下应该写这个人拒绝的原因以及父亲再次真诚的邀请。第二段开头是：当我们在我们家下车时，三个孩子高兴地从前门跑了进来。……，所以接下来应该写我们与孩子在家里发生的事情，比如为孩子换上干净的衣服（因为外面一直下雨，孩子的衣服有可能淋湿了），再比如分享新年礼物等。雨停了，爸爸开车送他们去车站。当他们开车离开时，我久久地望着窗外，回望着他们幸福的脸。就是在那一天，吉尔和我学会了如何让别人快乐。
续写时要求短文的词数应为150左右，故应提前构思，详略得当，避免长篇大论。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了较多的主从复合句。如：.My father explained that the rain would last long and our house was near the station.这句话运用了that引导的宾语从句；如：As they drove away, I watched out the window as long as I could, looking back at their happy faces.这个句子中有as引导的时间状语从句
听力答案：1-5 ACBAB 6-10 CACBA 11-15 BCABA 16-20 ABBCC
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