2022-2023学年重庆市育才中学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年重庆市育才中学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 B等内容，欢迎下载使用。
重庆市育才中学校高2025届2022-2023学年(上)期末考试
英语试题
(满分150分，考试时间120分钟)
本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生自行打印试卷及答题卡，请考生务必把自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上;
2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效;
3. 在规定时间内，将答题卡逐题竖屏拍照提交。
第I卷
第一部分：听力部分(共20小题,满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷 的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How long do the afternoon classes last?
A. 3 hours. B. 4 hours. C. 5 hours.
2. What time will Sally and Kevin meet this Sunday?
A. At 6:00. B. At 7:00. C. At 8:00.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The leading role. B. The sense of humor. C. The new headmaster.
4. What relation is Mary to Jim?
A. His sister. B. His friend. C. His mother.
5. What will Tom do first?
A Attend a meeting. B. Go to the concert. C. Answer a phone call.
第二节
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给 出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Where did the woman meet Billy and Karen?
A. In the park. B. In the cinema. C. In a restaurant.
7. What happened to the speakers about seeing the film last time?
A. They arrived late. B. They sat separately. C. They lost the tickets.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. Why does the man call the woman?
A. To buy books. B. To get a job. C. To ask advice.
9. What is the man?
A. A salesman. B. A teacher. C. A student.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。
10. What is Sam Austin’s nationality?
A. American. B. Canadian. C. English.
11. What do we know about Sam Austin’s songs?
A. They are about the lives of teenagers.
B. They are written by his partner.
C. They are sung in a high voice.
12. When can the man borrow the CD from the woman?
A. This weekend. B. Next week. C. Next month.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。
13. What is the woman probably doing now?
A. Watching TV. B. Preparing for a trip. C. Climbing a mountain.
14. What will the weather be like tomorrow?
A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy.
15. What does the woman think of taking the compass?
A Cool. B. Useful. C. Unnecessary.
16. Where will the speakers go next?
A. The supermarket. B. The sports center. C. The woman’s office.
听下面一段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. How many days will the camp last?
A. 12. B. 20. C. 30.
18. When will the campers have art classes?
A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. In the afternoon.
19. What can the campers do in the evening?
A. Ride bikes. B. Have a party. C. Learn to cook.
20. Why does the speaker give the talk?
A. To advertise a summer camp.
B. To inform campers of safety.
C. To make a change of the plan.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Today’s modem travelers are journeying further to explore Europe off the beaten track, and bringing home new skills and experience. Here are 4 ideas for an unusual holiday in Europe.
Volunteer in Transylvania
Transylvania is a top choice for an unusual European city break, with wonderfully preserved medieval(中世纪的)towns and castles that inspired the famous novel Dracula. In addition, you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe’s largest bear reserve and working with bears.
Teach skiing in Austria
Austria is one of Europe’s top skiing destinations. If you’re looking for a more unusual way to spend winter holiday, why not consider training to be a ski instructor there? You’ll gain a qualification that is recognized worldwide, and this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort(旅游胜地)once you have finished your training.
Go diving in Spain
For a European holiday with a difference, take part in a plastic cleanup project based in Barcelona, help to empty plastic waste in the Mediterranean Sea and make a difference as you travel. This volunteer project combines diving with collecting plastic or other waste from the water, alongside giving you the chance to explore the city.
Explore Tuscany on horseback
Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. There are various activities that combine sightseeing with basic horse riding lessons and you can stay in Renaissance villas(文艺复兴风格的别墅)and farmhouses. You don’t need to have any experience for horse riding holidays, and they are a brilliant alternative to your typical guided tour.
1. What does the author suggest doing in Transylvania?
A. Helping to care for bears.
B. Finding a job in the castle.
C. Reading the novel Dracula.
D Visiting its modern buildings.
2. Where can you earn money while traveling?
A. Transylvania. B. Tuscany. C. Spain. D. Austria.
3. What do we know about horse riding holidays in Tuscany?
A. They suit experienced riders.
B. They are unique to Tuscany.
C. They are growing in popularity
D. They feature a typical guided tour:
【答案】1 A 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。 文章介绍了欧洲的四个不同寻常的旅游度假胜地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据题干中的 Transylvania 可将解题信息定位至Volunteer in Transylvania 部分。根据该部分中的“you can take your unusual holiday experience even further by volunteering in Eastern Europe’s largest bear reserve and working with bears.”（你可以通过在东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者和与熊一起工作来进一步体验你不同寻常的假期经历。）可知，作者建议游客在特兰西瓦尼亚旅行时去东欧最大的熊保护区做志愿者，帮忙照顾熊。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Teach skiing in Austria 部分中的“this programme includes a guaranteed paid instructor job at a ski resort(旅游胜地)once you have finished your training.”（这项计划包括一个有保证的在滑雪胜地的付费教练工作，一旦你完成了你的训练。）可知，游客在奥地利可以接受培训成为一名滑雪教练，一旦培训结束就可得到有报酬的教练工作。因此如果你想在旅行的同时挣一些钱，你可以去奥地利。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Explore Tuscany on horseback部分中的“Tuscany, one of the best places in Europe to explore on horseback, has witnessed a sharp increase in travelers. ”（托斯卡纳，欧洲最适合骑马探险的地方之一，见证了游客的急剧增加。）可知，托斯卡纳是骑马度假的胜地之一，来这个地区游玩的游客数量激增。由此可推知，托斯卡纳的骑马度假越来越受欢迎。故选C项。
B
The social media trap of comparing yourself to others can lead to feelings of confusion and jealousy. That was certainly true for Lizzie Velasquez. “I will look at everyone’s photos and feel horrible about myself,” Velasquez says. “So I have made a rule for myself. If I’m on social media, when I start feeling like I’m falling down the rabbit hole of comparison, I have to stop.”
Feeling pressure from the Internet is nothing new for Velasquez. When she was just 17, a video calling her “The World’s Ugliest Woman” became popular on YouTube. It was a difficult period for her. “I suffered from a rare disease which doesn’t allow me to gain weight and also affects my eyes, my bones and my heart,” explains Velasquez.
Growing up, Velasquez said she lived in two different worlds. At home, her family treated her just like everyone else. Her parents raised her to appreciate herself. But that got harder when she started school. “I didn’t become aware of it until I started kindergarten, because I was entering this other world where I had to face the reality,” says Velasquez.
As Velasquez got into high school, she started to gain more understanding about her condition. But then came the YouTube video, which threatened her already-shaky foundation. Though it was difficult, that moment of bullying(霸凌)inspired Velasquez to use her newfound platform for good. She wanted to stop this behavior. Then she gave a talk about her story, reaching millions with her uplifting messages about beauty. And she gave interviews on national talk shows and was featured in the documentary film A Brave Heart: The Lizzie Velasquez Story. “I want to remind people that no matter how different you are and no matter what people say about you, you are meant to be in this world and being different is unique,” says Velasquez.
4. Where did Velasquez’s teenage pressure mainly come from?
A. Her tense relationships with her parents. B. Others’ criticism of her appearance.
C. Others’ concern about her disease. D. Her popularity on social media.
5. How can we describe Lizzie Velasquez?
A. Brave and inspiring. B. Talented and confident.
C. Sociable and popular. D. Caring and warm-hearted.
6. What did Velasquez do to fight online bullying?
A. Avoid using social media for a while.
B. Call on people to talk directly with the bullies.
C. Encourage the young to improve their taste in beauty.
D. Speak out against the behavior by sharing her experiences.
7. What does the author mainly tell us in the text?
A. The negative effects of online bullying.
B. A girl’s message about beauty and happiness.
C. The public’s attitude to online bullying among teenagers.
D. A story of turning pain into power against online bullying.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了Velasquez经历网络霸凌继而倡导反对网络霸凌的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Feeling pressure from the Internet is nothing new for Velasquez. When she was just 17, a video calling her “The World’s Ugliest Woman” became popular on YouTube. It was a difficult period for her. (感受到来自互联网的压力对Velasquez来说并不是什么新鲜事。当她只有17岁时，一段称她为‘世界上最丑陋的女人’的视频在YouTube上流行起来。对她来说，这是一个艰难的时期。)”和第四段第一、二句“As Velasquez got into high school, she started to gain more understanding about her condition. But then came the YouTube video, which threatened her already-shaky foundation. (随着Velasquez进入高中，她开始对自己的状况有了更多的了解。但随后出现了YouTube视频，这威胁到她已经摇摇欲坠的根基。)”可知，别人对Velasquez外貌的批评是她青少年时期主要的压力来源。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段第三句一直到段末“Though it was difficult, that moment of bullying(霸凌)inspired Velasquez to use her newfound platform for good. She wanted to stop this behavior. Then she gave a talk about her story, reaching millions with her uplifting messages about beauty. And she gave interviews on national talk shows and was featured in the documentary film A Brave Heart: The Lizzie Velasquez Story. “I want to remind people that no matter how different you are and no matter what people say about you, you are meant to be in this world and being different is unique,” says Velasquez.(虽然这很困难，但霸凌的那一刻激发了Velasquez利用她新发现的平台做好的事情。她想阻止这种行为。然后，她发表了一个关于她的故事的演讲，用她关于美的令人振奋的信息吸引了数百万人。她在全国脱口秀节目中接受了采访，并在纪录片《勇敢的心：Velasquez的故事》中亮相。‘我想提醒人们，无论你多么不同，无论人们对你怎么说，你注定要在这个世界上，与众不同是独一无二的，’Velasquez说。)”可知，Velasquez勇敢面对生活的挑战，并激励他人接受自己的不同，积极地去生活。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段的第四句和第五句“Then she gave a talk about her story, reaching millions with her uplifting messages about beauty. And she gave interviews on national talk shows and was featured in the documentary film A Brave Heart: The Lizzie Velasquez Story.(然后，她发表了一个关于她的故事的演讲，用她关于美的令人振奋的信息吸引了数百万人。她在全国脱口秀节目中接受了采访，并在纪录片《勇敢的心：Velasquez的故事》中亮相。)” 可知，Velasquez通过在公众面前分享自身经历来呼吁公众反对霸凌。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Feeling pressure from the Internet is nothing new for Velasquez. When she was just 17, a video calling her “The World’s Ugliest Woman” became popular on YouTube. It was a difficult period for her. (感受到来自互联网的压力对Velasquez来说并不是什么新鲜事。当她只有17岁时，一段称她为‘世界上最丑陋的女人’的视频在YouTube上流行起来。对她来说，这是一个艰难的时期。)”和第四段第三句“Although it was difficult, that moment of bullying(霸凌)inspired Velasquez to use her newfound platform for good. (虽然这很困难，但霸凌的那一刻激发了Velasquez要把新发现的平台用于好的方面。)”可知Velasquez经历了网络霸凌，但是她勇敢地面对。再结合文章第四段提到的她为了呼吁反对网络霸凌所做的努力可知，全文介绍了Velasquez由于经历网络霸凌继而倡导反对网络霸凌的故事。故选D。
C
Physical education, or gym class, isn’t required for all high school students. In some schools, it isn’t offered for some different reasons. But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.
Today many people don’t do sports. But as is known to all, doing sports is very important for an adult. Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult.
High school isn’t that easy. Many students are under a lot of stress. Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.
The American Heart Association says that 10 million kids and teens suffer from obesity (肥胖症). Teens should get 60 minutes of physical activity per day to control their weight and to help their bones get stronger.
The increase in activities that don’t get teens to move around, such as video games and computer activities, means many teens don’t get their required exercise. Physical education classes act as a public health measure to encourage activity and help teens have healthy weights.
Inactivity increases teens’ risk of developing many diseases. An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems. As much as 75 percent of health-care spending goes toward treating medical conditions that can be hindered by lifestyle changes, according to the American College of Sports Medicine.
According to the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的) performance. Students from programs with no physical activity, who used the extra time for classroom study, did not perform better on tests than those who gave up some study time in support of physical education.
8. According to Paragraph 2, what does physical education in high school mean?
A. Helping teens learn to make good plans.
B. Removing the stress faced by teens at school.
C. Making teens attach importance to exercise later.
D. Getting teens to encourage adults to exercise.
9. What does the underlined word “hindered” in Paragraph 5 mean?
A. Measured. B. Prevented.
C. Shown. D. Caused.
10. According to the PCFSN, what does doing sports mean?
A. Making students choose between sports and studies.
B. Helping students make good use of all their time.
C. Helping students adjust to their studies better.
D. Helping students do better in their studies.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. How high school students can live a better life.
B. How schools can help students love doing sports.
C. Why some schools consider physical education important.
D. Why high school students should receive physical education.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文讲述上体育课、做运动对青少年的身体和学习都有好的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Teaching teens the importance of a healthy lifestyle and making fitness plans now can help teens put exercise in the first place as an adult(现在教青少年健康生活方式的重要性，制定健身计划，可以帮助青少年在成年后把锻炼放在首位)”可知，现在教青少年健康生活方式的重要性和制定健身计划可以帮助使青少年以后重视锻炼。故选C。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线部分前面的句子“An active lifestyle offers a good way of protection from these health problems(积极的生活方式是预防这些健康问题的好方法)”可知，积极的生活方式也就是运动和锻炼可以预防健康问题。由此可知，高达75%的用于治疗的医疗支出可能通过生活方式的改变而被阻止，划线处和B项：Prevented(阻止)含义相近。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to the President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic (学业的)performance(据总统的健身、运动和营养委员会(PCFSN)称，每周进行5小时体育活动的学生学习成绩有所提高)”可知，做运动意味着帮助学生在学习上做得更好。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的“But should high school students have physical education? The answer is certainly “yes”.(但是高中生应该接受体育教育吗？答案当然是“是”)”,第三段“Stress can be harmful to a student’s studies and life. Doing sports can help them deal with stress better, helping them live a happier life at school.(压力对学生的学习和生活是有害的。做运动可以帮助他们更好地应对压力，帮助他们在学校生活得更快乐)”以及文章最后一段“According to the President's Council on Fitness, Sports and Nutrition (PCFSN), students who performed five hours of physical activity each week improved their academic(学业的）performance(据总统的健身、运动和营养委员会(PCFSN)称，每周进行5小时体育活动的学生学习成绩有所提高)”可知，本文主要回答了高中生为什么要接受体育教育。故选D。
D
Record fires sweeping across the Amazon this month have been catching global headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change and do damage to biodiversity (生物多样性).
As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called “the lungs of the world”. It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals, and I million local people. The huge lands of rainforest play an important role in the world’s ecosystem because they take in heat instead of it being reflected back into the atmosphere (大气层). They also store carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change.
“Any forest destruction is a harm to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity.” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. The shocking result is that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere.” he stressed. “Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected,” UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said.
Data from the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) show that the number of forest fires in Brazil quickly increased by 82 percent from January to August this year from a year ago. A total of 71,497 forest fires were recorded in the country in the first eight months of 2019, up from 39,194 in the same period in 2018. INPE said. “It’s reported that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased something between 20 and 30 percent compared to the last 12 months,” Carlos Nobre, a researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.
Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose drop could have severe results for global climate and rainfall. The size of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined. but the emergency has spread over Brazil’s borders, reaching Peruvian, Paraguayan and Bolivian areas.
12. What is the second paragraph mainly talking about?
A. The effects of climate change. B. The role of the Amazon rainforest.
C. The results of the Amazon rainforest fires. D. The causes of the decreasing biodiversity.
13. Which of the following best explains “mitigating” underlined in Paragraph 2?
A. Reducing. B. Causing. C. Worsening. D. Strengthening.
14. What can we learn from Thomas’ and Antonio’s words?
A. The biodiversity makes the rainforests unique.
B. The rainforest fires give rise to serious effects.
C. The global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.
D. The dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.
15. Which section of a magazine is this text probably taken from?
A. Sports and music. B. Science and technology.
C. Nature and geography. D. Business and culture.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了横扫亚马逊的创纪录大火成为全球媒体关注的焦点，科学家和环保组织担心大火会加剧气候变化，威胁生物多样性。
【12题详解】
段落大意题。根据第二段首句“As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon is often called “the lungs of the world”. (作为世界上最大的雨林，亚马逊雨林常被称为“世界之肺”。)”可知，亚马逊雨林作为世界上最大的雨林，充当着“世界之肺”的重要角色。故选B。
【13题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段末句“They also store carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) and produce oxygen, making sure that less carbon is given off, mitigating the effects of climate change. (它们还储存二氧化碳并产生氧气，以确保释放的碳更少, 气候变化的影响。)”可知，确保碳排放更少，会减轻气候变化的影响，所以画线词是“减轻、减缓”的意思。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段首句““Any forest destruction is a harm to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity.” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. (“任何对森林的破坏都是对生物多样性和使用这种生物多样性的人的伤害。”乔治梅森大学的生态学家托马斯·洛夫乔伊告诉《国家地理》杂志。)”以及末句““Facing the global climate change, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected,” UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said. (“面对全球气候变化，我们不能对氧气和生物多样性的主要来源造成更大的破坏。亚马逊必须得到保护，”联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯说。)”可知，他们都在说明雨林大火的严重后果。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据首段“Record fires sweeping across the Amazon this month have been catching global headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change and do damage to biodiversity (生物多样性). (本月横扫亚马逊的创纪录大火已经成为全球头条新闻，科学家和环保组织担心大火会加剧气候变化，破坏生物多样性。)”可知，本文主要介绍亚马逊雨林大火对气候变化以及生物多样性的影响，是关于自然和地理的话题。故选C。
第二节(共5小题,每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sportsmanship isn’t just about shaking hands after the game. It’s about helping young athletes enjoy the spirit of competition, deal with adversity. ___16___
Character is a word that gets used often, but its true meaning may be hard to explain to a young mind. ___17___ By raising standards early, an athlete can both give and expect mutual respect during their course of competition.
One way to teach the idea of sportsmanship is to let the athlete know that they should do their personal best and to treat teammates and opponents in the same fashion they wish to be treated. ___18___ It also helps them off the field as well.
It’s important to the young athlete to understand that for as many victories as they hope to have, they must face losing if they’re going to play their sport. An effective method is to have a young athlete pick out well-known popular athletes, particularly in their sport or sports of interest, and look up their statistics. ___19___
___20___ Practice and skill building should be offset by times of goofing off (偷懒), perhaps practicing with crazy costumes or with fun music, and not coaching in the traditional sense. This one little thing can do wonders in reminding the athlete not to take anything too seriously and to have fun doing what they have chosen to participate in.
A. Sports are designed to be enjoyable.
B. Having sports is a course of sweat and tears.
C. Sport is a matter of failure and success to some degree.
D. It’s ultimately a choice to hold oneself to a higher standard.
E. This age-old idea will help them become a respected competitor.
F. Here are tips to young players’ sportsmanship and prepare them for their future life.
G. Knowing professional athletes have faced defeat can teach the young competitor to face loss graciously.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了体育精神在于帮助年轻运动员享受竞争精神，处理逆境，并给年轻运动员培养体育精神提出建议，为他们未来的生活做好准备。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Sportsmanship isn’t just about shaking hands after the game. It’s about helping young athletes enjoy the spirit of competition, deal with adversity.(体育精神不仅仅是赛后握手。这是关于帮助年轻运动员享受竞争精神，处理逆境)”可知，此处阐述了体育精神的真正意义，接下来应该是具体的建议，使运动员们能够领会体育精神。该小题位于第一段末，并且下文就是给年轻运动员的具体建议。由此可知，F.Here are tips to young players’ sportsmanship and prepare them for their future life.(以下是关于年轻球员体育精神的建议，为他们的未来生活做好准备)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Character is a word that gets used often, but its true meaning may be hard to explain to a young mind.(性格是一个经常被使用的词，但它的真正含义可能很难向年轻人解释)”可知，性格的真正含义很难向年轻人解释，该空需要对这个词进行解释。由此可知，D. It’s ultimately a choice to hold oneself to a higher standard.(最终这是一种让自己达到更高标准的选择)就是对性格的解释，并且与下一句中的raising standards(提高标准)意义一致，符合语境。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“One way to teach the idea of sportsmanship is to let the athlete know that they should do their personal best and to treat teammates and opponents in the same fashion they wish to be treated.(教授体育精神的一种方法是让运动员知道他们应该尽自己最大的努力，并以自己希望被对待的方式对待队友和对手)”及下一句“It also helps them off the field as well.( 这对他们在场外也有帮助)”可知，E.This age-old idea will help them become a respected competitor.(这种古老的观念将帮助他们成为一个受人尊敬的竞争者)能够承上启下，符合语境。其中“This age-old idea”指第一句中的“the idea of sportsmanship”；“will help them…”与下一句中的“also helps them…”呼应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“It’s important to the young athlete to understand that for as many victories as they hope to have, they must face losing if they’re going to play their sport. An effective method is to have a young athlete pick out well-known popular athletes, particularly in their sport or sports of interest, and look up their statistics.(对年轻运动员来说，重要的是要明白，即使他们希望获得多少胜利，如果他们要参加这项运动，他们必须面对失败。一个有效的方法是让一个年轻的运动员挑选出知名的受欢迎的运动员，特别是在他们感兴趣的项目中，然后查阅他们的统计数据)”可知，本段在讲年轻运动员要明白，失败是不可避免的，要正视失败。由此可知，G. Knowing professional athletes have faced defeat can teach the young competitor to face loss graciously.(知道职业运动员曾面临失败可以教会年轻的运动员优雅地面对失败)能够承接上文，符合语境。通过查看数据，知道那些杰出专业运动员也曾面对失败，可以教会年轻的运动员优雅地面对比赛输赢。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据下文“This one little thing can do wonders in reminding the athlete not to take anything too seriously and to have fun doing what they have chosen to participate in.(这一件小事可以提醒运动员不要把任何事情看得太严肃，要做自己选择参与的事情，并从中获得乐趣)”可知，本段在讲运动也可以很快乐，不应只是苦练。由此可知，A. Sports are designed to be enjoyable.(运动的目的就是让人愉快)作为段首主题句能够启领下文。故选A项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Alonzo Johnson stopped. He decided to help a(n) ____21____ elderly man down an escalator (自动扶梯)in a Massachusetts shopping mall last week, ____22____ the 23-year-old could never have predicted that his simple, random act of kindness would win him the ____23____ of thousands of people online.
An old man ____24____ at the top of an escalator and a few people started gathering ____25____ to get on. It was clear he was feeling ____26____ as to whether to step on to the escalator or not. Johnson spotted the senior citizen hesitating and ____27____ the simplest kindness. He reached out an arm and asked with a smile on his face, “Can I help you, sir?”
The old man quietly started to ____28____ to the young man that he had gotten stuck on an escalator once and was a little ____29____ . The young man gently offered his assurance, they ____30____each other eye to eye for just a moment and the old man ____31____ his arm. Everyone else remained ____32____ and waited.
Paula Picard and a friend were standing nearby and ____33____ to take a touching photo of the pair linking arms as they ____34____ the escalator together. She posted the photo on Facebook and it spread ____35____ with more than 20,000 likes and 25,000 comments in just a few hours.
21. A. frightened B. delighted C. injured D. blind
22. A. so B. if C. but D. because
23. A. blame B. praise C. happiness D. anger
24. A. stopped B. worked C. read D. fell
25. A. running B. pushing C. shouting D. waiting
26. A. hopeful B. convenient C. unsure D. uncomfortable
27. A. offered B. sold C. wanted D. took
28. A. promise B. prove C. apologize D. explain
29. A. excited B. scared C. surprised D. disappointed
30. A. argued with B. listened to C. looked at D. ran into
31. A. accepted B. shook C. refused D. left
32. A. anxious B. patient C. interested D. worried
33. A. failed B. pretended C. asked D. managed
34. A. talked about B. walked towards C. went down D. searched for
35. A. differently B. quickly C. strangely D. completely
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alonzo Johnson帮助一位不敢走扶梯的老人的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周，在马萨诸塞州的一家购物中心，他决定帮助一位受到惊吓的老人从自动扶梯上下来，但这位23岁的年轻人永远不会想到，他这个简单、随机的善举会为他赢得成千上万网友的赞扬。A. frightened害怕的；B. delighted高兴的；C. injured受伤的；D. blind看不见的。结合后文“as to whether to step on to the escalator or not”可知，老人在扶梯上感到很害怕。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：上周，在马萨诸塞州的一家购物中心，他决定帮助一位受到惊吓的老人从自动扶梯上下来，但这位23岁的年轻人永远不会想到，他这个简单、随机的善举会为他赢得成千上万网友的赞扬。A. so所以；B. if如果；C. but但是；D. because因为。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周，在马萨诸塞州的一家购物中心，他决定帮助一位受到惊吓的老人从自动扶梯上下来，但这位23岁的年轻人永远不会想到，他这个简单、随机的善举会为他赢得成千上万网友的赞扬。A. blame责备；B. praise赞美；C. happiness幸福；D. anger愤怒。根据上文“his simple, random act of kindness would win him the”指善举得到赞美。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位老人在自动扶梯的顶端停了下来，一些人开始聚集在一起等着上扶梯。A. stopped停止；B. worked工作；C. read阅读；D. fell落下。根据后文“at the top of an escalator and a few people started gathering”可知，老人停了下来，所以后面的人聚集起来了。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位老人在自动扶梯的顶端停了下来，一些人开始聚集在一起等着上扶梯。A. running奔跑；B. pushing推；C. shouting叫喊；D. waiting等待。根据上文“a few people started gathering”可知，一些人开始聚集在一起等着上扶梯。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，他不确定要不要上自动扶梯。A. hopeful有希望的；B. convenient方便的；C. unsure不确定的；D. uncomfortable不舒服的。根据后文“as to whether to step on to the escalator or not”指不确定要不要上扶梯。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰逊发现这位老人在犹豫，就向他提供了最简单的善意。A. offered提议；B. sold卖；C. wanted想要；D. took带走。根据后文“He reached out an arm and asked with a smile on his face, “Can I help you, sir?”(他伸出一只手，面带微笑地问:“先生，我能为您效劳吗？”)”可知，年轻人提议帮助老人。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人开始平静地向年轻人解释，他有一次被困在自动扶梯上，有点害怕。A. promise承诺；B. prove证明；C. apologize道歉；D. explain解释。根据后文“to the young man that he had gotten stuck on an escalator once”可知老人在解释自己不敢走扶梯的原因，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老人开始平静地向年轻人解释，他有一次被困在自动扶梯上，有点害怕。A. excited激动的；B. scared害怕的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“to the young man that he had gotten stuck on an escalator once”可知因为被困过，所以害怕。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：年轻人温柔地表示他的保证，他们对视了一会儿，老人接受了他的手臂。A. argued with争论；B. listened to听；C. looked at看着；D. ran into遇见。根据后文“each other eye to eye for just a moment”指他们对视了，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：年轻人温柔地表示他的保证，他们对视了一会儿，老人接受了他的手臂。A. accepted接受；B. shook摇晃；C. refused拒绝；D. left离开。两个人对视了一会儿，老人接受了他的手臂。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其他人都保持耐心等待。A. anxious焦虑的；B. patient耐心的；C. interested有趣的；D. worried担心的。根据后文“and waited”可知，其他人都在耐心等着他们。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：保拉·皮卡德和一位朋友就站在附近，拍下了这对手挽着手一起下电梯的感人照片。A. failed失败；B. pretended假装；C. asked询问；D. managed设法做到。根据后文“to take a touching photo of the pair”可知拍到了照片，应用manage to do sth.设法做某事，并取得成功。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：保拉·皮卡德和一位朋友就站在附近，拍下了这对手挽着手一起下电梯的感人照片。A. talked about谈论；B. walked towards走向；C. went down向下走；D. searched for搜索。上文提到老人被困在扶梯顶端，所以后来是在年轻人的帮助下走下来。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她把照片上传到脸书上，短短几个小时就获得了2万多个赞和2.5万多条评论。A. differently不同地；B. quickly快速地；C. strangely奇怪地；D. completely完全。根据后文“with more than 20,000 likes and 25,000 comments in just a few hours”可知，照片迅速得到了大家的点赞和评论。故选B。
第II卷
第三部分 语言知识运用(共三节，满分40分) 第二节 (共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the early hours of Sunday, November 3,Daylight Saving Time(夏时制) ___36___ (come) to an end in most of America. People are supposed to turn their clocks back an hour. So, they will have one more hour to rest.
Daylight Saving Time is the___37___ (tradition)practice of moving the clocks forward one hour in Marchand___38___ (turn) them back again in November.Americans use___39___expression “spring forward,fall back”___40___(remember) which way to set their clocks.
American Benjamin Franklin first proposed the time change in 1784. He liked the idea of moving clocks forward to take advantage___41___more sunlight during the summer ___42___ (month).
In 1915,Germany and Britain agreed to the time change during World War I. When the United States entered the war, Congress ___43___ (pass) a law in 1918 to adopt Daylight Saving Time. The practice ended in1920___44___American farmers objected it, but returned in 1942 after the U.S. entered World War II.
The idea behind Daylight Saving Time was to save energy. With more sunlight later in the day, people would use less electric lighting.____45____,scientists now say people use even more energy to operate air-conditioners for the long, hot days of summer.
【答案】36. comes
37. traditional
38. turning
39. the 40. to remember
41. of 42. months
43. passed 44. because##as
45. However
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了夏时制的由来和目的。
【36题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意: 11月3日星期天凌晨，美国大部分地区的夏时制结束。根据后文句子的时态判断本句应该用一般现在时，Daylight Saving Time (夏时制)是单数形式，谓语动词用单数，故填comes。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：夏时制是一种传统的做法, 3月份把钟往前拨一小时, 11月份再把钟往回拨。此处是用形容词修饰名词practice，traditional“传统的”是形容词。故填traditional。
【38题详解】
考查动名词。句意：夏时制是一种传统的做法, 3月份把钟往前拨一小时, 11月份再把钟往回拨。分析句子可知，moving与空处都是介词of的宾语。故填turning。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：美国人用这个表达“spring forward, fall back ”来记起他们的时钟是怎么定的。根据句意，这里是特指“这种表达”，应该用定冠词the。故填the。
【40题详解】
考查不定式。句意：美国人用这个表达“spring forward, fall back” 来记住他们的时钟是怎么定的。本句是用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to remember。
【41题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他喜欢将时钟向前移动的想法，以便在夏季利用更多的阳光。take advantage of是固定短语“利用”，根据句意，故填of。
【42题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：他喜欢将时钟向前移动的想法，以便在夏季利用更多的阳光。夏季的月份不止一个，应该用复数形式。故填months。
【43题详解】
考查时态。句意: 当美国参战时，国会在1918年通过了一项法律，采用夏令时。根据时间状语“in 1918”可以判断用一般过去时。故填passed。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：这种做法在1920年结束，因为美国农民反对，但在1942年美国加入第二次世界大战后又恢复了。根据句意，两句之间是因果关系。故填because/as。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，科学家们现在表示，在漫长炎热的夏季，人们使用更多的能源来运行空调。根据句意可知此处与前句之间是转折关系，有逗号与主句隔开，故填However。
第三节 (共10小题;每空1分， 满分10分)
根据语境以及首字母和汉语提示将下列句子补充完整，并将单词的完整、恰当形式填写在答题卡相应的位置。
46. Rescue workers set up many tents in the earthquake-hit area, providing s________ (庇护) for the people in need. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】shelter##helter
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：救援人员在地震灾区搭建了许多帐篷，为处于困境中的人提供庇护。根据汉语提示意思可知，此处为名词shelter作providing的宾语，表示“庇护”，抽象名词不可数。故填shelter。
47. The majority of people have not realized that we are b________ (呼吸)polluted air. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】breathing##reathing
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：大多数人没有意识到我们正在呼吸被污染的空气。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词breathe，结合are可知为现在进行时。故填breathing。
48. It is reported that the quake that struck the city yesterday d________(毁坏)the system of the electricity supply. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】destroyed##estroyed；damaged##amaged
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：据报道，昨天袭击该市的地震破坏了电力供应系统。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词destroy/damaged，作谓语，结合上文yesterday可知为一般过去时。故填destroyed/damaged。
49. What moved us was that quite a few v________(志愿者)participated in the rescue work without hesitation. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】volunteers##olunteers
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：令我们感动的是，不少志愿者义无反顾地参加了救援工作。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词volunteer，由quite a few修饰应用复数形式。故填volunteers。
50. The committee declined their p________ (提议) that the conference should be put off. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】proposal##roposal
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：委员会拒绝了他们推迟会议的建议。形容词性物主代词their后接名词在句中作宾语。根据中英文提示及句意，故填proposal。
51. He is waiting for the result of the health exam with a________(焦虑). （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】anxiety##nxiety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：他焦急地等待健康检查的结果。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词anxiety，作宾语，不可数。故填anxiety。
52. For those in a particular place, life has become a fight for s________(生存). （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】survival##urvival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对于那些生活在特定地方的人来说，生活变成了一场生存之战。根据单词首字母以及提示可知应填名词survival，作宾语，不可数。故填survival。
53. Whenever we are confronted with hardships, staying c________(沉着的) is what we are supposed to do first. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】calm##alm
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：每当我们遇到困难时，首先我们应该保持冷静。根据汉语提示意思可知，此处为形容词calm作staying的表语，构成系表结构，意为“保持冷静”。故填calm。
54. The price of the package trip is reasonable, with food and a________(住宿) included. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】accommodation##ccommodation
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：套餐价格合理，包括食物和住宿。根据中英文提示可知，应用名词accommodation与food构成并列关系，作介词with的宾语，表示“住宿”，是不可数名词。故填accommodation。
55. Having worked for 3 day, Steve managed to finish he report on s________ (日程安排). （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】schedule##chedule
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：由于已经工作三天了，Steve设法按时完成了报告。根据中英文提示可知，此处为名词 schedule作介词on的宾语，构成介词短语on schedule，意为“按预定时间”。故填schedule。
第四部分 写作部分(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据括号内的提示把下列句子翻译成英语，并写在答题卡相应的位置。
56. 他心无旁骛地做作业，没有注意到他爸爸正站在他身后。(be buried in做状语) （汉译英）
【答案】Buried in homework, he didn’t notice his father standing behind him.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态和非谓语。表示“心无旁骛地做某事”应用固定搭配be buried in，在该句中充当状语；表示“注意到某人正在做某事”应用短语notice sb doing sth，在句中作谓语，由句意可知，应使用一般过去时，表过去进行的行为动作；表示“在……身后”应用介词短语behind sb，故答案为Buried in homework, he didn’t notice his father standing behind him。
57. 我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。(whose引导的定语从句) （汉译英）
【答案】I want a room whose window faces the sea.
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句子陈述目前的情况，应用一般现在时；根据所给中文提示词和题干要求，需用whose引导的定语从句，所以主句是“我想要一个房间”译为I want a room，“房间的窗户朝向大海”为定语从句，先行词是room，在从句中作定语，用whose引导，译为whose window faces the sea。故译为I want a room whose window faces the sea.
58. 士兵们不遗余力地去营救那些被困在废墟之下的幸存者。(be trapped in作后置定语) （汉译英）
【答案】The soldiers spared no effort to rescue the survivors trapped in the ruins.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语、时态和过去分词作后置定语。“士兵”为soldier，在句子中使用复数形式；表示“不遗余力地去做某事”为：spare no effort to do sth； “营救”为 rescue；“幸存者”为 survivor，在句子中应使用复数形式；动词短语be trapped in修饰survivors作后置定语时应该省略be；“废墟”为ruins。句子描述的事情发生在过去，动词spare用一般过去时。故翻译为：The soldiers spared no effort to rescue the survivors trapped in the ruins.
59. 我们的勇气与决心让我们赢得了最后的胜利。(强调句) （汉译英）
【答案】It was our courage and determination that carried us to the final victory.
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句和固定短语。此处主语为our courage and determination，强调句“it was+被强调部分+that+其它”；表示“赢得了最后的胜利”翻译为carry sb. to the final victory。为一般过去时。故翻译为It was our courage and determination that carried us to the final victory.
60. 那个错误毁掉了他得到那个工作的机会，这令他非常沮丧。(ruin one’s chance of…) （汉译英）
【答案】That mistake ruined his chances of getting the job, which made him very upset.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配和定语从句。根据句意及提示词组可知，本句应该用非限制性定语从句，“那个错误毁掉了他得到那个工作的机会”为主句，其中主语是“那个错误”译为that mistake，根据题干要求需用固定短语ruin one’s chance of“破坏某人的机会”，描述的是已发生的事，用一般过去时，所以译为ruined his chances of getting the job，“这令他非常沮丧”用非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句提到的事，用which引导，在从句中作主语，“令他非常沮丧”应用固定搭配make sb adj.意为“使某人怎么样”，同样用一般过去时，译为made him very upset。故译为That mistake ruined his chances of getting the job, which made him very upset.
第二节 书面表达(满分20分)
61. 假定你是李华，代表全班同学给外教Harry写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加班级的新年派对。邮件内容包括：
1. 派对的地点，时间，时长；
2. 邀请他的理由；
3. 鼓励他准备一个节目。
注意：1 . 词数100左右；
2 . 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3 . 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Harry,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Harry,
I am Li Hua. I’m writing to invite your class to attend the party to be held on Saturday afternoon in our school stadium.
The party is held to celebrate the new year and it is a good chance for us to learn about different cultures and have fun. You are expected to arrive at the stadium by 8:00 a.m. and it is hoped that you can prepare some programs representing your country’s culture. At the party, you will enjoy delicious traditional Chinese food as well as some traditional Chinese performances. You’re also encouraged to prepare a performance for us.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假定你是李华，代表全班同学给外教Harry写一封电子邮件，邀请他参加班级的新年派对。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→participate in
不同的：different→various
到达：arrive at→reach
期望：expect→look forward to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing to invite your class to attend the party to be held on Saturday afternoon in our school stadium.
拓展句：I’m writing to invite your class to attend the party which is to be held on Saturday afternoon in our school stadium.
【点睛】【高分句型1】
I’m writing to invite your class to attend the party to be held on Saturday afternoon in our school stadium.（运用了动词不定式作目的状语、宾语补足语以及后置定语）
【高分句型2】
You are expected to arrive at the stadium by 8:00 a.m. and it is hoped that you can prepare some programs representing your country’s culture. （运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，以及现在分词作后置定语）