2022-2023学年山西省晋城市第一中学高一上学期第二次调研考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年山西省晋城市第一中学高一上学期第二次调研考试英语试题（解析版），共22页。

晋城一中2022-2023学年高一年级第二次调研考试试题
英语
本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。满分150分。考试时间100分钟，请将全部答案按要求写在答卷上。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题，共90分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Architecture Summer School
Course overview
It will be an interesting design experience at the Royal College of Art School of Architecture. The Architecture Summer School offers a challenging and attractive programmer of design studio experience, visits, lectures and skill training.
Admission criteria
Participants must:
<>have an undergraduate degree in design or a creative background;
<>have a good level of English language;
<>be 18 years or over.
How to apply
We do not accept applications at the moment. The below information does not apply until the course is live again. To apply, please complete our online application form. This online form requires you to;
<> submit your Curriculum Vitae (简历);
<> submit a 300-word statement of interest outlining your relevant experience or practice and why you would like to join the Architecture Summer School.
If your application is accepted, you will be emailed with a booking link so that you can make payment of the course fee. The place will be held until the payment deadline, and if you do not make payment by this date then your place will be offered to another participant.
If your application is unsuccessful, we will inform you by email. Unfortunately, we are not able to provide personal feedback due to the great number of applications that we receive.
If the course is fully booked and your application is successful, we will add your name to a waiting list.
Application deadlines
Applications will be assessed by the RCA course team every two weeks or until the course is fully booked. We will inform all applicants by email within two weeks after they submit an application. Participants are advised to apply early to avoid disappointment as places are strictly limited.
1. What's the requirement if you want to apply for Architecture Summer School?
A. Applying on line now.
B. Being at least 18 years old.
C. Holding a graduate degree, in design.
D. Having a good command of foreign languages.
2. What should you do when you complete the online application form?
A. Submit your design work.
B. Pay 300 pounds in advance.
C. Mail the school your course fee
D. Describe your reason for joining the school.
3. What if you don't pay by the payment deadline?
A. You may not get the place.
B. You may get a personal feedback.
C. You will have to pay a double fee later.
D. You will find your name on the waiting list.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章以广告的形式介绍了建筑学暑期学校课程的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。由Admission criteria-Participants must下的“be 18 years or over.(年满18岁)”可知，如果你想申请建筑学暑期班，你年龄至少18岁。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。由How to apply下的第一段“To apply, please complete our online application form. This online form requires you to;<> submit your Curriculum Vitae (简历); <> submit a 300-word statement of interest outlining your relevant experience or practice and why you would like to join the Architecture Summer School.(如需申请，请填写我们的网上申请表。此在线表单要求你：<>提交简历；<>提交一份300字的兴趣声明，概述你的相关经验或实践，以及你为什么想加入建筑暑期学校)”可知,填写在线申请表时，你应该描述一下你加入学校的原因。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。由How to apply下的第二段“If your application is accepted, you will be emailed with a booking link so that you can make payment of the course fee. The place will be held until the payment deadline, and if you do not make payment by this date then your place will be offered to another participant.(如果你的申请被接受，我们将通过电子邮件向你发送预订链接，以便你支付课程费用。该名额将一直保留到付款截止日期，如果你在此日期之前未付款，则你的名额将提供给其他参与者)”可知，如果你不在付款期限前付款，你的名额将提供给其他参与者，你可能得不到那个名额。故选A项。
B
By day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer. In his spare time though he goes on stage beside pianist Maria Raspopova — not as a musician but as her page turner. “I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.”
Mr. Titterton is chairman of the Omega Ensemble but has been the group’s official page turner for the past four years. His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score (总谱) so the musician doesn’t have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves. He said he became just as nervous as those playing instruments on stage.
“It’s a demanding job. A lot of skills are needed for it. You have to make sure you don’t turn two pages at once and make sure you find the repeats in the music when you have to go back to the right spot.” Mr. Titterton explained.
Being a page turner requires plenty of practice. Some pieces of music can go for 40 minutes and require up to 50 page turns, including back turns for repeat passages. Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.
But like all performances, there are moments when things go wrong. “I was turning the page to get ready for the next page, but the draft wind from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand,” Mr. Titterton said, “Luckily I was able to catch them and put them back.”
Most page turners are piano students or up-and-coming concert pianists, although Ms Raspopova has once asked her, husband to help her out on stage.
“My husband is the worst page turner.” she laughed. “He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’ Robert is the best page turner I’ve had in my entire life.”
4. What should Titterton be able to do to be a page turner?
A. Read music. B. Play the piano.
C. Sing songs. D. Fix the instruments.
5. The underlined word “demanding” in paragraph 3 probably means ______.
A. boring B. tiring
C. challenging D. creative
6. What does Titterton need to practise?
A. Counting the pages. B. Recognizing the “nodding”.
C. Catching falling objects. D. Performing in his own style.
7. Why is Ms Raspopova’s husband “the worst page turner”?
A. He has very poor eyesight. B. He ignores the audience.
C. He has no interest in music. D. He forgets to do his job.
【答案】4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了为钢琴演奏者做翻页工作的Robert Titterton和他的工作情况。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“I’m not a trained musician, but I’ve learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance.(我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就可以在Maria演奏时帮助她)”可知，因为Titterton识谱，所以可以在Maria的钢琴表演中为她翻页。故选A。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词后一句“A lot of skills are needed for it.( 这需要很多技能。)”可知，因为这项工作需要很多技能，由此可推知这是一项有挑战性的工作；再结合划线单词所在句可知，划线单词“demanding” 的意思是“有挑战性的”，所以选项C切题。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Silent onstage communication is key, and each pianist has their own style of “nodding” to indicate a page turn which they need to practise with their page turner.(无声的舞台交流是关键，每个钢琴家都有自己的“点头”风格来表示翻页，他们需要和翻页者进行练习)”可知，Titterton需要练习识别钢琴演奏者的“点头”示意来翻页。故选B。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“He’s interested in the music, feeling every note, and I have to say: ‘Turn, turn!’(他对音乐很感兴趣，感受着每一个音符，所以我不得不说：“翻页，翻页！”)”可知，Ms Raspopova的丈夫因为对音乐感兴趣，所以帮她翻页的时候总是沉浸在音乐中而忘掉自己的工作，她不得不去提醒。故选D。
C
When making choices, people assume that they pick what they like. However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.
In an experiment, US researchers brought several 10 to 20-month-old babies into a lab and gave them two same bright and colorful soft blocks to play with. They set each block far apart, so the babies had to crawl to one or the other—a random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researchers took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick either the toy they didn’t play with before, or a brand-new toy.
It turned out that the babies reliably chose to play with the new toy rather than the one they had not chosen.
In follow-up experiments, when researchers instead helped choose which toy the baby would play with, the phenomenon disappeared. “As if they were saying, ‘Hmm, I didn’t choose that object last time, because I guess I didn’t like it very much” said Lisa Feigenson, co-author of the study.
This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didn’t choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.
It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences. “They are really not choosing based on whether they are novel or what they prefer,” said Alex Silver, co-author of the study.
This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things. Justifying(证明有道理) choice is somehow fundamental to the human experience. “I chose this, so I must like it. I didn’t choose this other thing, so it cannot be so good. Adults make these inferences unconsciously,” Feigenson said.
Such tendency makes sense to us as we live in a consumer culture and must make so many choices every day, between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans.
Next, researchers will look at whether too many choices could be a problem for babies as they certainly are for adults.
8. What is the purpose of the experiments?
A. To test whether people choose what they like.
B. To see why babies prefer new toys to old ones.
C. To explain how babies and adults make choices differently.
D. To study if too many choices could create problems for people.
9. What can be learned from the experiments?
A. Babies prefer bright and colorful toys.
B. Babies’ preference largely affects their choices.
C. Babies prefer adults to help them make choices.
D. Babies’ previous random choices affect their preference.
10. Why is the new finding important in life?
A. It entirely changes our styles to choose.
B. It helps us make wise decisions in a consumer culture.
C. It promotes the relationship between adults and babies.
D. It helps us understand our unconscious preference for choices.
11. What can be the best title for the text?
A. Babies like what they choose B. Random choices matter
C. Too many choices puzzle the adults D. Preference affects the choice
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose.（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。）”可知，研究表明的是我们的喜好和我们的选择之间的关系，这也是本文要讨论的话题，由此可推断出，下文实验也是围绕这一话题进行的，目的是为了测试人们是否选择他们喜欢的东西。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段内容“This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didn’t choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.”（Feigenson指出，这是生活中非常重要的现象。成年人不会喜欢他们没有选择的东西，即使他们一开始没有真正的偏好。看起来婴儿也一样。）和第六段关键句“It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences.（它表明做出选择的行为改变了我们对自己选择的感觉。随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好。）”可知，实验表明随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，由此可知，婴儿先前的随机选择会影响他们的偏好。故选D项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第七段关键句“This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things.（这项新发现解释了为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。）”可知，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好，由此可知，这项新发现在生活中是重要的，是因为它帮助我们理解了我们对选择的无意识的偏好。故选D项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。浏览文章，结合第一段关键句“However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.（然而，研究表明，我们喜欢某样东西是因为我们选择了它。换句话说，我们不喜欢我们没有选择的东西。这种现象在我们还是婴儿的时候就已经存在了。）”可知，文章主要介绍了一项新发现，随机选择可能会成为我们的偏好，这项发现能够解释为什么成年人在相同的事情之间做出选择时会产生无意识的偏好。“Random choices matter”意为“随机选择很重要”，符合文章主题，最适合作文章标题。故选B项。
D
In a time when too much importance has been attached to utilitarianism (功利主义), it doesn’t come as a surprise to me that we people no longer believe in poetry. Utility is now often the standard of what one should devote his or her time and energy to and what he or she shouldn’t, but don’t get me wrong. I am not saying that one should not consider utility at all when making crucial decisions. On the contrary, everyone should take it into account. Medicine, law, business and engineering, these are noble pursuits and necessary to sustain life. But poetry, beauty, romance and love, these are what we stay alive for.
My dad once told me that “life is suffering”, which now I think is probably a unanimous (无异议的) opinion among most people. With a tough life inevitably comes a tough language—and that is what poetry is and why poetry is needed. It offers people a way to talk about the difficult, to describe things in life, like death, suffering, profound joy and transformation. So whenever I hear someone say that poetry is not a must, or it’s an option, or it’s only for the educated middle classed, I suspect that he or she must have had things pretty easy.
But how can people live without poetry? Unlike what the academics may tell you, my suggestion about bringing poetry into your lives is that don’t analyze it and don’t ask others to analyze it. Don’t deconstruct (解构) it or try to make meaning of it. Just find the poems that wake you up, that make you feel as if you’ve submerged (沉浸) yourself in a hot spring or an ice bath. Find the poems that make you feel almost irrational joy or sadness. Find the poems that make you want to roll around in them or paint their colors all over your bedroom ceiling. Those are the poems you want to play with. Find the poems that communicate with the deepest parts your being and welcome them in.
If finding others’ poems no longer satisfies you, compose your own! You don’t have to be a poet to compose poetry. After all, poetry is not a luxury. It’s about searching for the real meaning of life and also about giving meaning to life. Just like Walt Whitman’s “O Me! O Life!”, a poem that ends by speaking directly to its readers: “the powerful play goes on and you may write a verse (诗),” poetry is about everyone. And now I want to ask you the mother of all inspirational questions; “What will your verse be?”
—Inspired by Jeanette Winterson’s book:
Why Be Happy When You Could be normal?
12. The author thinks that poetry is very important for human beings because it ______.
A. has nothing to do with the shared belief in utility
B. symbolizes a status as an educated middle class
C. offers a tool for describing hard experiences
D. uncover an important truth that life isn’t all roses
13. To appreciate poetry by academic standards, one should first ______.
A. deconstruct and making meaning of it B. enjoy a hot spring or an ice bath
C. paint it over his or her bedroom ceiling D. feel irrational joy or sadness
14. The author quoted (引用) Walt Whitman’s poem “O Me! O Life!” to indicate that ______.
A. only a true poet can write poems B. no poem can appeal to everyone
C. life feels just like a powerful play D. every human is entitled to poetry
15. The best title for the text may be ______.
A. Composing Poetry B. Poetry for Life
C. The Art of poetry D. Analyzing poetry
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者发表了对诗歌的看法，指出生活中不能没有诗歌，并鼓励大家自己写诗。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“With a tough life inevitably comes a tough language—and that is what poetry is and why poetry is needed. It offers people a way to talk about the difficult, to describe things in life, like death, suffering, profound joy and transformation. (艰难的生活不可避免地会带来艰难的语言，这就是诗歌的本质，也是为什么需要诗歌的原因。它为人们提供了一种谈论困难的方式，描述生活中的事情，如死亡、苦难、深刻的喜悦和转变)”可知，作者认为诗歌对于人类之所以重要是因为它提供了一种描述艰难经历的工具。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Unlike what the academics may tell you, my suggestion about bring poetry into your lives is that don’t analyze it and don’t ask others to analyze it. Don’t deconstruct it or try to make meaning of it.(与学者们可能告诉你的不同，我对把诗歌带入你的生活的建议是，不要去分析它，也不要让别人去分析它，不要去解构它，也不要试图去理解它)”推知，以学术标准来欣赏诗歌首先要解构并理解它。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“If finding others’ poems no longer satisfies you, compose your own! You don’t have yo be a poet to compose poetry.(如果发现别人的诗不再让你满意，那就自己写诗吧！你不必非要成为一个诗人才能写诗)”推知，提到惠特曼的诗是为了证明每个人都可以写诗。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“But poetry, beauty, romance and love, these are what we stay alive for.(诗歌、美、浪漫和爱，这些才是我们活着的目的)”紧接着作者发表了对诗歌的看法，由此可知短文最佳的标题为“生命之诗”。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. ____16____
The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. _____17_____ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. _____18_____ Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.
____19____ We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.
____20____ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.
A. This time there was no tent.
B. Things are going to be improved.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
D. However, I learned a lot about camping later.
E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.
F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.
G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.
【答案】16. D 17. C 18. A 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者由不喜欢露营到喜欢上露营的过程。作者认为每个人都能找到回归自然的方式，呼吁大家选择与大自然相处的方式。
【16题详解】
根据前文“If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me.(如果三年前有人告诉我，我会把大部分周末时间花在露营上，我一定会开怀大笑。在我看来，露营的人喜欢被虫子咬，吃不熟的饭菜，还有不舒服的睡袋。他们和我毫无共同之处。)”可知，作者使用虚拟语气的句式表达了“自己不会成为露营者”，暗示了对于露营的态度的转变。由此推知，作为该段末尾句，应是回归现实，与前文形成转折关系，即“自己成为了一个露营者”。选项D“However, I learned a lot about camping later.”提及作者后来学到了很多关于露营的知识，说明作者成为了一个露营者，符合语境分析。故选D项。
【17题详解】
分析可知，设空句与后文为总分关系，后文“We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.(我们睡在帐篷里，在篝火上做饭，走了很长一段路去洗澡和上厕所。)”详细解释作者的露营条件十分艰苦，因此可推知，设空句应总结出“露营艰苦”。选项C“The trip they took me on was a rough one.”提及这趟旅行很艰难，可用于引出后文，且句中“they”应是与前文“The friends”相呼应。故选C项。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.(相反，我们有一个有舒适床和空调的临时帐篷。)”可知，设空句内容应涉及露营装备，且设空句应是与后文形成对比转折关系，选项A“This time there was no tent.”提及这次露营没有帐篷，可用于引出后文“Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.(相反，我们有一个有舒适床和空调的临时帐篷。)”，且与后文形成转折关系。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据后文“We have done a lot of it since.”可知，作者一家从那以后露营了很多次，由此判断，作者一家爱上了露营，设空句应对“since”进行解释。F项“After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.(旅行结束后，我的家人对露营非常感兴趣。)”中“after the trip”解释了“since”为“那次露营之后”，且句中的“became quite interested”与后文“we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.(我们买了一辆28英尺长的旅行拖车，里面有一间浴室和一台内置电视机。)”相呼应，符合语境分析。故选F项。
【20题详解】
根据后文“It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature.”可知，作者希望每个人都能找到回归自然的方式，对于作者来说，露营就是作者回归自然的方式，由此推知，设空句应是作者对于自身的总结，即：已经爱上露营了。选项E“I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.(我得说，我已经开始享受露营了。)”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的总结，也很好地衔接了后文，符合分析。故选E项。
【点睛】七选五技巧之篇章结构很重要
在做七选五题目时，有题可以利用文章或段落内部的总分结构关系来解决。篇章的基本结构或段落内部结构通常是主题句（总）+支撑句（分），其中支撑句用于分述主题的具体内容，或说明原因或举例证明等。比如文章的第2小题：
_____2_____ We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor’s bill for my son’s food poisoning.
C. The trip they took me on was a rough one.
通过阅读分析可知，空2与空后内容应是总分关系，空后内容提及了露营的具体艰苦条件，因此空2应是总结“艰苦”。选项C“The trip they took me on was a rough one.”意为“他们带我去的这趟旅行很艰难。”概括了空后的内容，符合语境，体现了总分的逻辑结构。故选C项。
第二部分 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
When I first heard from my doctor that I was allergic to hay (干草), it weighed pretty heavily on my mind.
I grew up ____21____ around big open fields and playing with the animals on my friend’s farm. There were no limits set on me as a child.
After I ____22____ about my allergy, I felt that a kind of ____23____ had been placed on me. I could never get a rabbit or a pig, since hay is the main component of their diets. I remember that ____24____ feeling in my stomach when I realized I was so seriously allergic to something that I’d always need to keep the pill within ____25____.
Disappointment at this ____26____ was the first feeling that sunk in. With time, ____27____, I began to see my allergies as a gift.
I was the kid that tried never to ____28____. I was okay with enduring a six-hour drive in a(n) ____29____ car with my knees to my chest. I was okay with eating burnt or under cooked food. But this allergy finally let me feel _____30_____ saying “no”. I finally felt free to refuse to go places or do things where my allergies would act up. I didn’t have to apologize for or explain my _____31_____ at the smell of grass clippings. I didn’t have to _____32_____ myself for not wanting to sit on the grass with my friends on summer days while I got bitten.
Yes, my hay allergy _____33_____ some activities, but it’s also given me a broader appreciation for experiences I actually like and want more of. I’m _____34_____ to be getting a dog instead of a bunny. Let’s be honest, a bunny brings you more trouble.
I ought to thank this allergy for giving me the space to be _____35_____.
21. A. meeting B. running C. looking D. shopping
22. A. asked B. got C. learned D. cared
23. A. misfortune B. mistake C. disbelief D. dishonesty
24. A. confused B. excited C. funny D. sinking
25. A. reach B. control C. space D. memory
26. A. risk B. secret C. reason D. burden
27. A. therefore B. again C. however D. besides
28. A. cry B. complain C. notice D. care
29. A. dirty B. small C. cheap D. ugly
30. A. comfortable B. proud C. awkward D. ashamed
31. A. sorrow B. eagerness C. sickness D. satisfaction
32. A. forgive B. excuse C. push D. dress
33. A. ignores B. offers C. covers D. limits
34. A. powerful B. helpful C. grateful D. meaningful
35. A. different B. free C. gifted D. brave
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因对干草过敏而无法继续享受田野间自由自在的生活，但是作者也因为过敏改变了自己的生活态度，有了更自由的空间。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从小就在广阔的田野里奔跑，在朋友的农场里和动物们玩耍。A. meeting遇见；B. running跑；C. looking看着；D. shopping购物。根据“around big open fields and playing with the animals on my friend’s farm.”可知，作者小时候可以在田野中任意驰骋。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我得知我的过敏以后，我觉得一种不幸降临在我身上。A. asked询问，要求；B. got得到，变得；C. learned学习，了解；D. cared关心，在乎。结合句意可知，此处指作者长大后了解到了自己的过敏，learn about“了解”。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我得知我的过敏以后，我觉得一种不幸降临在我身上。A. misfortune不幸；B. mistake错误；C. disbelief不相信；D. dishonesty不诚实。根据下文“I could never get a rabbit or a pig, since hay is the main component of their diets”可知，因为对干草过敏作者不能再养食草的小动物了，因此觉得这是一种不幸。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我还记得，当我意识到自己对某种东西严重过敏，需要随时把药带在身边时，我的胃里有种下沉的感觉。A. confused困惑的；B. excited兴奋的；C. funny有趣的，滑稽的；D. sinking抑郁的，下沉的。根据下文“I realized I was so seriously allergic to something”推知，作者当时很郁闷，胃里一种下沉的感觉，即感到抑郁。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还记得，当我意识到自己对某种东西严重过敏，需要随时把药带在身边时，我的胃里有种下沉的感觉。A. reach伸出，触手可及的距离；B. control控制；C. space空间；D. memory记忆。作者过敏，要随时把药带在身边，即随时都够得着。within reach“够得着”。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对这个负担的失望是第一种感觉。A. risk 风险；B. secret秘密，秘诀；C. reason原因；D. burden负担。根据上文可知，一开始过敏对于作者来说是一种负担。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着时间的流逝，我把过敏看作是一个礼物。A. therefore因此；B. again再一次；C. however然而；D. besides此外。根据上文的“that sunk in.”和此处的“I began to see my allergies as a gift.”可知，上下文为转折关系。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是一个从来不抱怨的孩子。A. cry 哭，大叫；B. complain抱怨，投诉；C. notice注意；D. care关心，在乎。根据下文“I was okay with enduring a six-hour drive in a(n) ____9____ car with my knees to my chest. I was okay with eating burnt or under cooked food.”可知，作者对生活中的不便和不适从来不抱怨。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我可以坐在一辆小汽车里，膝盖贴在胸前，忍受六个小时的车程。A. dirty脏的；B. small小的；C. cheap便宜的；D. ugly丑陋的。根据下文“with my knees to my chest.”可知，车很小。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但过敏终于让我放心地说“不”了。A. comfortable舒适的；B. proud骄傲的，自豪的；C. awkward尴尬的，笨拙的；D. ashamed羞愧的。结合常识可知，用自己的过敏来拒绝别人不会让作者感到不舒服。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：句意：我不必为我对剪草气味的厌恶道歉或解释。A. sorrow悲伤；B. eagerness渴望；C. sickness病，恶心；D. satisfaction满意。根据下文“at the smell of grass clippings”推知，因为过敏作者闻到草屑的味道会觉得恶心。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天被咬的时候，我不想和朋友们坐在草地上，我不需要为自己找借口。A. forgive原谅；B. excuse辩解，开脱；C. push推；D. dress给……穿。根据下文“for not wanting to sit on the grass with my friends on summer days while I got bitten.”可知，作者不用替自己拒绝朋友而进行辩解，因为她/他对草过敏。excuse myself“替自己辩解”。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：是的，我的干草过敏限制了我的一些活动，但它也让我更广泛地欣赏我真正喜欢和想要的体验。A. ignores忽略；B. offers提供，主动提出；C. covers覆盖，支付，报道；D. limits限制。结合常识可知，呼应下文broader，此处指过敏限制了作者的活动。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激我养的是狗而不是兔子。A. powerful强大的，有影响力的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. grateful感激的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据上文“could never get a rabbit or a pig, since hay is the main component of their diets.”推知，作者觉得养兔子更麻烦，因此感激自己的过敏。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我应该感谢这种过敏给了我自由的空间。A. different不同的；B. free自由的，免费的；C. gifted有天赋的；D. brave勇敢的。由文章后半部分可知，作者可以不用找借口来拒绝不愿做的事，因此有了自由的空间。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共60分)
第三部分 语法填空(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 语篇语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China ____36____ (take) highly organized measures to contain the COVID-19 risks. Chinese people are always active in responding to the call of the government and university students are no exception.
A total of 416,300 university students stayed on campus during the Spring Festival holiday as the country encouraged people to stay put during the year’s most important ____37____ (tradition) Chinese holiday. None of the students and teachers staying put was reported ____38____ (catch) the disease and they had an enjoyable and safe holiday.
During the holiday, universities took measures ____39____ (active). They disinfected (消毒) important places frequently and checked all people and items entering the universities. Teachers and students were also asked to report their health conditions every day.
Meanwhile, universities managed to meet the ____40____ (student) study and leisure needs. University canteens, libraries, study rooms and sports facilities stayed open during the holiday. In Renmin University of China, the needs of the students ____41____ (meet) in a timely fashion. According to its vice-president, Hu Baijing, 1,208 students spent the holiday at the university, half of ____42____ were graduating students. The school sent them gift packages and free mobile phone data, as well ____43____ great meals. “____44____ deeply touched us is that many students chose to spend the nights of Lunar New Year’s Eve and the next day, usually the time for family gatherings and relaxing, ____45____ (study) in classrooms,” said Hu.
【答案】36. has been taking##has taken
37. traditional
38. to have caught
39. actively
40. students’
41. were met
42. whom 43. as
44. What 45. studying
【解析】
【导语】这是一年新闻报道。中国大学生积极响应政府号召，在春节期间留在校园里支持新冠病毒防控，学校和学生的做法都值得赞扬。
【36题详解】
考查现在完成时或现在完成进行时。句意：中方一直在采取高度有序的新冠病毒防控措施。此处是指动作发生在过去，并一直持续到现在，并在将来的某段时间里仍将进行，所以可用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填has been taking/has taken。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：春节假期期间，共有416,300名大学生留在校园，因为国家鼓励人们在一年中最重要的中国传统节日期间留在原处不动。修饰名词holiday应用形容词。故填traditional。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：据报道，留在原地的学生和老师都没有染上这种疾病，他们度过了一个愉快而安全的假期。be reported to have done意为“被报道做了某事”，此处是指“染上了这种疾病”，应用to have done表示发生在被报道之前。故填to have caught。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：假期期间，各高校积极采取防病毒措施。分析句子可知，修饰动词took应用副词。故填actively。
【40题详解】
考查名词复数和名词所有格。句意：同时，大学也设法满足学生的学习和休闲需求。此处是指很多学生，所以应用名词复数，且表示“学生的学习和休闲需求”应用名词所有格。故填students’。
【41题详解】
考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：在中国人民大学，学生的需求得到了及时的满足。根据“According to its vice-president, Hu Baijing, 1,208 students spent the holiday at the university”（据该校副校长胡百京介绍，共有1208名学生在该校度过了春节假期）可知，此处描述过去的事，应用一般过去时，且动词meet和主语the needs构成被动关系，且主语the needs为复数。故填were met。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：据该校副校长胡百京介绍，共有1208名学生在该校度过了春节假期，其中一半是毕业生。分析句子可知，这里非限制性定语从句中介词of后缺少宾语，先行词为1,208 students，所以应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：学校给他们送去了礼品包和免费的手机数据，还有好吃的餐食。as well as意为“和”，为固定搭配。故填as。
【44题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：最让我们感动的是，很多学生选择在除夕夜和新年夜这两个通常是家庭聚会和放松的时间，在教室里学习。分析句子可知，这里考查主语从句，且从句中缺少主语，且是指事情，所以应用连接代词what。故填What。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：最让我们感动的是，很多学生选择在除夕夜和新年夜这两个通常是家庭聚会和放松的时间，在教室里学习。这里考查spend time (in) doing sth表“花费时间做某事”，为固定句型。故填studying。
第二节 单句语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读以下句子，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
46. When he heard the terrible noise, he ______ (panic) and ran away quickly.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】panicked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他听到那可怕的话时，他惊慌失措，迅速跑开了。panic恐慌，动词作谓语；由从句谓语动词heard和空后ran可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填panicked。
47. ______ (impress) though the film is, I’m not impressed with its background music. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Impressive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：虽然这部电影令人印象深刻，但我对它的背景音乐印象不深。分析句子结构可知，本句是though的倒装句，正常语序为Though the film is…；由此可知，空处需用形容词作表语，impress对应的形容词为impressive“印象深刻的”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Impressive。
48. They sat in the garden, ______ (talk) about the days they spent together. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】talking
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们坐在花园里，谈论他们在一起度过的日子。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词 sat，且空处没有连词，所以空处需用非谓语动词；动词talk与主句主语之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词作状语。故填talking。
49. The 5G application in a ______ (vary) of fields encourages the growth of the digital economy. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】variety
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：5G在各个领域的应用促进了数字经济的发展。空处应填所给词的名词形式variety“种类”作宾语，构成固定短语a variety of“各种各样的”。故填variety。
50. You will pass your exam only if you really apply yourself ______ your study.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：你只有真正专心致志地学习，考试才会及格。apply oneself to sth.专心于某事，固定搭配。故填to。
51. I was about to give up ______ my father came and encouraged me to keep trying. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查连词和固定句型。句意：正当我要放弃的时候，父亲来了，鼓励我继续努力。由空前was about to可知，空处需用连词when，be about to do…when….是固定句型，意为“正要……的时候，……”。故填when。
52. You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for further ________(refer). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】reference
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你最好把那家餐馆的电话号码写下来，以便日后参考。根据句意和空格前介词for可知，应填入名词reference作宾语，意为“参考”。故填reference。
53. Eating fish can provide health benefits, ________ (particular) to the heart. （所给单词适当形式填空）
【答案】particularly
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：吃鱼对健康有益，特别是对心脏。根据句意“特别是对心脏”可知，此处需要用副词来作状语，对上文“吃鱼对健康有益”进行修饰说明。故填perticularly。
54. When I reflect ______ my schooldays, I realize how happy I was at that time. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】on##upon
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：当我回想我的学生时代时，我意识到我当时是多么幸福。结合句意表达“回想”用reflect on/upon。故填on/upon。
55. You can’t imagine what great difficulty we have ever had ______ (find) the person you referred to in your letter. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】finding
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语。句意：你无法想象我们在找到你信中提到的那个人时遇到了多么大的困难。分析句子可知，本句中把we have ever had的宾语 great difficulty提前了，所以这里考查have difficulty (in) doing sth表“做某事有困难”，为固定句型，所以此空应填动名词finding。故填finding。
56. I wonder how it came ______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】about
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我不知道在这么短的旅程中她怎么迟到了两个小时。根据空前动词came可知，空处需用about，come about发生，动词短语，符合题意。故填about。
57. Michael put up a picture of his favourite football player beside the bed to keep himself___________（remind）of his own dreams. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】reminded
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔在床边放了一张他最喜欢的足球运动员的照片，提醒自己要努力实现自己的梦想。分析句子，put up为句中的谓语动词，设空处应该填写非谓语动词。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构 ，himself和remind之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作宾补。故填reminded。
58. Whenever the baby cried, I needed to figure________ the reason: was the little one hungry or did he need sleep? （用适当的词填空）
【答案】out
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：每当宝宝哭时候，我都要找出原因：小家伙是饿了还是困了？根据the reason可知，短语figure out“想出；弄清”符合句意，设空处缺少介词。故填out。
59. Filled with ______ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left for the village. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】curiosity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位艺术家满怀好奇心，收拾好行囊，动身前往村庄。空处应填名词作宾语，curiosity“好奇心”符合题意，抽象概念，不可数。故填curiosity。
60. I don’t wonder ______ his good deed, for he is always ready to help others in need. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】at
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：我对他的善行不吃惊，因为他总是乐于帮助有需要的人。此处考查短语wonder at，意为“对……感到吃惊”。故填at。
第四部分 书面表达(满分30分)
61. 假如你是李华，你昨天收到好友Tom的来信，他说自己上了高中以后遇到诸多学习和生活问题，如感到孤独、不适应新环境、学习压力大等，请你给他写一封邮件，从以下两个方面提出建议：
1. 学习方面；
2. 课余生活方面。
注意：
1. 字数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 可紧扣主题适当发挥。
Dear Tom,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Tom,
I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble with your high school life. However, the situation is easy to change if you take my advice. Here are some tips to help you.
First, you should be friendly to anyone you meet at school and try to make friends with them. Thus you will feel less lonely. In addition, take part in after-school activities as much as possible, which can make you familiar with your new school and get acquainted with more people. Third, you should study hard and have a good preparation for every class so that you can follow the teacher in class.
I hope you will find these tips useful and I am looking forward to your good news.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。好友Tom说自己上了高中以后遇到诸多学习和生活问题，如感到孤独、不适应新环境、学习压力大等，要求考生给他写信从学习和课余生活方面给他提出一些建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
建议：advice→suggestion
此外：in addition→what’s more
参加：take part in→participate in
有用的：helpful→useful
2.句型拓展
同义句
原句： Third, you should study hard and have a good preparation for every class so that you can follow the teacher in class.
拓展句：Studying hard and having a good preparation for every class surely will definitely help you follow the teacher in class
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am sorry to hear that you are having trouble with your high school life.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]In addition, take part in after-school activities as much as possible, which can make you familiar with your new school and get acquainted with more people. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）