2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分7， Wh is Mr等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022-2023-1雅礼中学高一上期中考试
英语
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. How long did the festival last?
A. 10 days. B. 14 days. C. 7 days.
2. What has the woman been doing at present?
A. Going to the party. B. Studying Japanese. C. Preparing for her exam.
3. Which of the following would the woman like to have?
A. Her old phone. B. An iPad. C. An iPhone.
4. What did the woman forget?
A. To take her phone. B. To bring money. C. To buy a ticket.
5. How does the man always feel?
A. Full B. Hungry. C. Energetic.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who is Mr. Crocker?
A. The speakers’ boss. B. The speakers’ teacher. C. The speakers’ father.
7. When should the man hand in his report?
A. On Wednesday. B. On Saturday. C. On Friday.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man going to do?
A. Work. B. Look at a car show. C. Show off his new car.
9. How much is the cheapest car on the show?
A. 6,000 dollars. B. 7,000 dollars. C. 8,000 dollars.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What will the weather be like?
A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Cloudy.
11. What will the two speakers do？
A. Wash the car. B. Clean their house. C. Go for a picnic.
12. How many people will go together?
A. Two. B. Four. C. Three.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What did the boy’s Mom and Dad give him for his birthday?
A. A raincoat. B. A leather jacket. C. A pair of jeans.
14. What will the boy do with the present?
A. Give it to his sister. B. Accept it gratefully. C. Return it for the money back.
15. What will the girl do?
A. Talk with her parents.
B. Lend some money to the boy.
C. Buy the boy what he asked for.
16. What is the relationship between the speakers?
A. Brother and sister. B. Mother and son. C. Good friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. How many meetings are there every workday in the U.$.?
A. About 11,000. B. About 110,000. C. About 11,000,000.
18. Why do Americans like meetings according to the talk?
A. To have a good time. B. To find better ideas. C. To meet more people.
19. What can members do at a meeting?
A. Present their ideas. B. Host the meeting in turn. C. Make use of others’ money.
20. How can a meeting be well controlled?
A. By careful planning. B. By dividing into groups. C. By having a good chairman.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分37.5分）
第一节 （共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Italy is popular among travelers because of its long history, delicious food, and incredible architecture. These four cities are some of the most lively and culturally rich. Visiting one or several of these destinations is sure to make you fall in love with the Italian lifestyle.
Florence
Florence, the heart of Italy’s Renaissance-era art and culture, has a more artsy atmosphere and is likely to be less touristy. This is especially true if you visit in the shoulder season, between March — May or October — December. Florence offers incredible shopping and tons of artwork, plus it boasts delicious Tuscan cuisine.
Bologna
Bologna has a beautiful and well-preserved old town that allows travelers to take a step back in time. Piazza Maggiore is the main square in Bologna and is an important social and historical attraction in the city. A must-visit while in Piazza Maggiore is the Basilica di San Petronio.
Cagliari
Cagliari is the capital of Sardinia, Italy, and is a fantastic option for those looking to visit an Italian city that is vibrant (生机勃勃的) and coastal. Located on the island of Sardinia, Cagliari offers colorful buildings and clear blue waters that are perfect for a relaxing holiday.
Pompeii
History fans who are looking for an alternative to Rome will fall in love with the ruins of Pompeii. Pompeii is a large archeological site that used to be a large city. It’s located in the Bay of Naples and is well preserved, giving visitors a good sense of what the city once looked like before 79 CE.
1. When are the visitors advised to visit Florence?
A. In January. B. In July. C. In August. D. In November.
2. Where should visitors go if they want to get close to waters?
A. Pompeii. B. Bologna. C. Florence. D. Cagliari.
3. What can visitors do in both Bologna and Pompeii?
A. Try delicious Italian cuisine. B. Explore historical culture.
C. Appreciate beautiful scenery. D. Experience the social life.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍意大利的四座旅行城市。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Florence部分“This is especially true if you visit in the shoulder season, between March—May or October—December. (如果你在3月到5月或10月到12月之间的次旺季旅游，这一点尤其正确。)”可知，建议游客11月去佛罗伦萨旅行。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Cagliari部分“Located on the island of Sardinia, Cagliari offers colorful buildings and clear blue waters that are perfect for a relaxing holiday.(卡利亚里位于撒丁岛上，拥有色彩缤纷的建筑和清澈湛蓝的海水，非常适合休闲度假。)”可知，要想亲近水，应该去卡利亚里。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Bologna部分“Bologna has a beautiful and well-preserved old town that allows travelers to take a step back in time. (博洛尼亚有一座美丽且保存完好的古城，让游客可以回到过去。)”以及Pompeii部分“ Pompeii is a large archeological site that used to be a large city. (庞贝古城是一个大型的考古遗址，曾经是一个大城市。)”可知，游客可以去博洛尼亚和庞贝古城探索历史。故选B。
B
Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I took a fare (出租车乘客) at 2:30 AM. When I arrived to collect, standing on the sideway was a small woman in her 80’s with a big suitcase.
After I helped her into the taxi, she gave me an address, and asked, “Could you drive through downtown?” “It’s not the shortest way,” I answered quickly. “I don’t mind,” she said, “I’m in no hurry. I’m on my way to a hospice (临终安养院).” I looked in-the rear-view mirror. Her eyes were wet. I quietly reached over and shut off the meter (计价表). “What route would you like me to take?” I asked.
For the next two hours, we drove through the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived when they were newly married. She had me stop in front of a shabby house where she had gone dancing as a girl. Sometimes she’d ask me to slow in front of a particular building and sat staring into the darkness, saying nothing. At last, she said, “I’m tired. Let’s go now.”
We drove in silence to the destination. It was a grey low building.
“How much do I owe you?” she asked, reaching into her purse. “Nothing,” I said. Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug. She held onto me tightly, and whispered a “Thank you”. I squeezed her hand and walked into the dim morning light. Behind me, a door shut. It was the sound of the closing of a life.
I didn’t pick up any more passengers but drove aimlessly lost in thought. What if that woman had come across an impatient driver? What if I had refused to drive through downtown? Great moments often catch us unaware, beautifully wrapped in what others may consider a small one.
4. What caused the author to shut off the meter?
A. His distrust of the fare. B. His pity for the woman.
C. The breakdown of the meter. D. The cold weather at midnight.
5. What wạs the aim of the woman’s ride through downtown?
A. To find a place to settle down. B. To reach the destination on time.
C. To kill time before the hospice opened. D. To see the city for the last time.
6. What can we learn from the story?
A. Don’t give up and never lose hope. B. People should respect each other.
C. A small act of kindness brings people great joy. D. Strangers are family you haven’t known yet.
7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A A taxi ride I’ll never forget B. My strange driving experience
C. The ending of an old woman’s life D. An old woman passenger and her life
【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述二十年前作者是一名出租车司机，一天接了一位去临终安养院的老人，作者载着老人驶过充满回忆的地方，最终把老人送到目的地。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的““I don’t mind,” she said, “I’m in no hurry. I’m on my way to a hospice (临终安养院).” I looked in-the rear-view mirror. Her eyes were wet. I quietly reached over and shut off the meter (计价表). (“我不介意，”她说，“我不着急。我正在去临终安养院的路上。”我看着后视镜。她的眼睛湿润了。我悄悄地伸手关了计价表。)”可知，作者听到老人说的话，又看到她眼眶湿润，对她充满了同情，所以关闭了计价表。故选B项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“For the next two hours, we drove through the neighborhood where she and her husband had lived when they were newly married. She had me stop in front of a shabby house where she had gone dancing as a girl. Sometimes she’d ask me to slow in front of a particular building and sat staring into the darkness, saying nothing. (接下来的两个小时里，我们开车经过了她和丈夫新婚时居住的街区。她让我在她小时候去跳舞的一所破旧的房子前停下。有时她会让我在某栋大楼前放慢车速，然后坐在那里凝视着黑暗，一言不发)”可知，老人穿过市区的目的是重温她的记忆，在去临终安养院前最后一次看看这座城市。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Great moments often catch us unaware, beautifully wrapped in what others may consider a small one. (重要的时刻往往在我们不经意间出现，美丽地包裹在别人可能认为微不足道的事情中)”可知，作者认为一些微不足道的时刻也具有重大的意义，可得出一个小小的善行会给人们带来巨大的快乐。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living.(二十年前，我以开出租车为生)”及最后一段中的“Great moments often catch us unaware, beautifully wrapped in what others may consider a small one. (重要的时刻往在我们不经意间出现，美丽地包裹在别人可能认为微不足道的事情中)”可知，作者讲述了二十年前作为出租车司机时的一次经历，让作者感悟到很多微不足道的事情也有着重大的意义，A项“我永远不会忘记的出租车经历”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。
C
Childhood memories of climbing trees or making daisy chains (雏菊花环) are becoming increasingly rare, according to a new survey, as the younger generation are robbed of outdoor experiences.
The survey of 1,000 people found that the current generation of 15 to 34-year-olds have fewer memories of 12 key countryside activities, such as swimming in rivers or digging holes at the beach.
The research found that three quarters of the older generation remember playing games or climbing trees, compared to two thirds of younger adults. The 55-plus generation also have more memories of collecting fossils (化石), visiting farms, or pond dipping. Altogether, two thirds of older people have memories of playing outdoors, compared to just over half of the younger generation.
The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) carried out the study at the start of the school term to stress the growing concern that children are not getting outdoors enough. The study found that 82% of people think that schools should provide more outdoor education, and most believe nature is still important to children today.
Dr. Mike Clarke, Chief Executive of the RSPB, says children who are kept indoors suffer from “nature deficit disorder (自然缺失症)”. He says public funding (资金) should be used by the government to take children on day trips to nature reserves.
“To many people, it seems obvious that an important part of childhood is exploring the world. Unfortunately, this is far from the case, and the amount of time and contact children are having with nature is on the decrease,” he says. “The RSPB has more than 40 years of history in getting children outdoors, and is committed to continuing to play its part. We now need the government and schools to recognize the important role the public believes they should play, in enabling all children to experience, enjoy and benefit from contact with the natural environment.”
8. Compared with the current generation, the older generation___________.
A. had fewer chances to visit big cities B. had more homework when they were kids
C. are more willing to live in the countryside D. have more memories of outdoor activities
9. Why did the RSPB carry out the study?
A. To increase people’s concern about children’s lack of outdoor activities.
B. To increase people’s concern about the protection of wildlife.
C. To call for people to spend more time with their kids.
D. To bring the growth of children to people’s attention.
10. How does Dr. Mike Clarke advise the government to solve this problem?
A. By offering new outdoor sources for kids.
B. By building more nature reserves for kids.
C. By giving money to help kids visit natural reserves.
D. By stressing the importance of kids going outside.
11. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. Children have little contact with nature at present.
B. The RSPB is leading the way in getting kids outdoors.
C. Schools are uninterested in spending money getting kids outdoors.
D. Schools have been stressing the importance of nature to children.
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在的年轻人对农村生活的记忆太少，而英国皇家鸟类保护协会则针对孩子开展了一系列户外活动。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The survey of 1,000 people found that the current generation of 15 to 34-year-olds have fewer memories of 12 key countryside activities, such as swimming in rivers or digging holes at the beach.(这项针对1000人的调查发现，15岁至34岁的这一代年轻人对12项主要的农村活动的记忆较少，比如在河里游泳或在海滩上挖洞。)”可知，这一代年轻人对于农村活动的记忆较少，也就是老一代人对于农村的记忆要比当代人多。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) carried out the study at the start of the school term to stress the growing concern that children are not getting outdoors enough. (英国皇家鸟类保护协会(RSPB)在新学期开始时开展了这项研究，以强调越来越多的人担心孩子们没有足够的户外活动。)”可知，英国皇家鸟类保护协会开展这项研究是为了提高人们对于孩子没有足够户外运动的担忧。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“He says public funding (资金) should be used by the government to take children on day trips to nature reserves.(他说政府应该用公共资金带孩子们去自然保护区一日游。)”可知，Mike Clarke博士建议政府应该提供资金让孩子去自然保护区游玩。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The RSPB has more than 40 years of history in getting children outdoors, and is committed to continuing to play its part. We now need the government and schools to recognize the important role the public believes they should play, in enabling all children to experience, enjoy and benefit from contact with the natural environment.(皇家鸟类保护协会在让孩子们到户外活动方面有40多年的历史，并致力于继续发挥自己的作用。我们现在需要政府和学校认识到公众认为他们应该发挥的重要作用，让所有的孩子都能体验、享受和受益于与自然环境的接触。)”可知，皇家鸟类保护协会在让孩子进行户外运动方面起着示范作用。故选B。
D
When your alarm clock rings and you drag yourself out of bed, you probably wonder: Why on earth does school have to start so early?
Fortunately, there is a new law to back you up — or better still, science.
A law in California, passed on Oct 13, requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8:00 am and that high schools start no earlier than 8:30 am. The law will go into effect by November 1, 2022.
Starting school at 8:00 or 8:30 in the morning may not sound like too big of a change, but it could mean one more hour of sleep for students who used to start school at 7:30 or even earlier.
“The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40-year-old adults,” Sumit Bhargava, a sleep expert at Stanford University, told The New York Times. He said that not having enough sleep can affect students’ mental health and increase the risk of being overweight and diabetes (糖尿病).
In the short run, students’ school performances should improve almost immediately. Kyla Wahlstrom, a researcher at the University of Minnesota’s College of Education, found that students who have enough sleep are alert in class and get much more satisfying grades.
Some might say that asking students to go to bed earlier could have been a much easier solution than changing the school timetable across an entire state. But according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, teenagers go through biological changes when they enter puberty (青春期), which makes it difficult for them to fall asleep before 11:00 pm. So when school starts at 8:00 or earlier, they can hardly get the ideal 8.5 - 9.5 hours of sleep that experts suggest they need to do their best in the daytime.
This is why when the new law came out, its author, Anthony Portantino, said, “Generations of children will come to appreciate this historic day and our governor for taking action.”
12. Which of the following is TRUE about the law?
A. The law has not been put into practice yet.
B. The law will be passed by November 1, 2022.
C. The law is made by a university in California.
D. The law requires schools to start later than 8:30 am.
13. What can we learn from Bhargava’s words?
A. The new law is of lasting benefit to students.
B. Lack of sleep affects adults more than children.
C. The amount of sleep people need changes with age.
D. Enough sleep makes sure that students are mentally healthy.
14. What does the underlined word “alert” in Paragraph 6 probably mean?
A Friendly. B. Honest. C. Calm. D. Sharp.
15. What’s the text mainly about?
A. Lack of sleep could lead to health problems.
B. California is pushing back school start times.
C. A law to start the school day later takes effect.
D. Teenagers’ biological changes affect their sleep patterns.
【答案】12. A 13. A 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，报道了加利福尼亚即将出台一部法律确保青少年有足够的睡眠时间以保证白天的学业成绩。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话“The law will go into effect by November 1, 2022.(这项法律将于2022年11月1日生效)”可知这部法律还没有生效，与A项“The law has not been put into practice yet.(这部法律还没有实施)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第一句“The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40-year-old adults(这一个小时的影响是他们成为了40岁的成年人时会感受到的)”可推理出这部法律将带来的好处将影响学生们几十年，与A 项“The new law is of lasting benefit to students.(这项新的法律会对学生带来长久的好处)”表达的意思一致，故选A项。
【14题详解】
词义猜测题，根据常识，结合划线词上文“students who have enough sleep(有充足睡眠的学生)”和下文“get much more satisfying grades(获得更加满意的成绩)”可推知，睡眠充足的学生在课堂上思维更敏捷，所以在学习成绩上表现更好，所以划线词的含义为“思维敏捷”，与D项“Sharp(敏捷的)”同义，故选D 项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。第三段第一句“A law in California, passed on Oct 13, requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8:00 am and that high schools start no earlier than 8:30 am(加州的一项法律要求公立学校早上不早于8点上课，高中不早于早上8点半上课)”提出加州要通过立法推迟学生的上学时间。第六段讲述了睡眠不足将带来的危害；第七段讲述了睡眠充足会带来较好的学习效果；最后几段说明了不能从让青少年早睡入手，只能通过推迟上学时间入手的原因。综上可知，文章第四段至最后一段在文章中的作用是支持第三段提出的话题：加州要通过立法推迟学生的上学时间，与B 项表达的含义一致，故选B 项。

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to love your parents
It is well said that family is the kingdom of father, the world of mother and the paradise (天堂) of children. However, do you really know what each letter of the word “family” stands for? Obviously, F stands for Father; A is and; M means mother; I, L and Y are short for “I Love You”! Now, it’s quite easy for you to be aware how to deal with the tensions between you and your parents. _____16_____ However, loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part, a source of who you are.
Here are some ways to love your parents.
_____17_____ A gentle “good morning” and “I love you” will warm a coldest heart. Remember that they brought you into this world. Without your parents, you might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world.
Respect them more and cherish these moments. You can use these moments to learn from them, preparing yourself for when you’re off on your own. It’s OK to get angry but angry actions don’t help you or your parents. Act calmly, cool off, write down your feelings, or talk to a friend. ______18______
Obey their requests. It will make your attitude better and earn you more respect from them. It may seem like you are going through a hard time when you don’t get what you want or you have to clean. However, you had better remember they keep a roof over your head when it’s cold, raining, snowing or too hot. Understand that parents are human beings who will make mistakes as well. ______19______ Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents?
Keep company with them. Do things with your parents like watching TV, or going somewhere with them. _____20_____ Listen to their old stories, which might help you find they are your tutors in this way or another.
A. Forgiveness is the key.
B. Tell them you love them every morning.
C. Parents will in turn express their love to you.
D. After this, share your feelings with your parents.
E. Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can.
F. Please remember parents are as important as friends.
G. You may think that your parents are mean-spirited at times.
【答案】16. G 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些方法以帮助读者更好地爱自己的父母。
【16题详解】
根据下文“However, loving your parents is a normal and fulfilling part of life. You love them for the fact that they created you, raised you, and are in part, a source of who you are.(然而，爱你的父母是生活中正常而充实的一部分。你爱他们，因为他们创造了你，养育了你，在某种程度上，他们是你的来源。)”中的“however”可判断，空处表达的内容和下文你应该爱父母之间存在转折关系。选项G“You may think that your parents are mean-spirited at times. (你可能认为你的父母有时心胸狭隘。)”与下文的内容存在转折关系，符合“however”的语境。故选G。
【17题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“A gentle “good morning” and “I love you” will warm a coldest heart. Remember that they brought you into this world. Without your parents, you might still wander at an unknown corner in an unknown world. (一句温柔的“早上好”和“我爱你”会温暖一颗最冰冷的心。记住，是他们把你带到这个世界上来的。没有父母，你可能还徘徊在未知世界的某个未知角落。)”可知，在本段中，作者建议读者每天和父母表达爱意。选项B“Tell them you love them every morning. (每天早上告诉他们你爱他们。)”与下文内容一致，且选项中的“every morning”也和空后的“good morning”一致。故选B。
【18题详解】
根据段首句“Respect them more and cherish these moments. (更加尊重他们，珍惜这些时刻。)”可知，在本段中，作者建议读者要尊重父母；而空前“It’s OK to get angry but angry actions don’t help you or your parents. Act calmly, cool off, write down your feelings, or talk to a friend.(生气是可以的，但是生气的行为对你和你的父母都没有好处。冷静行事，冷静下来，写下你的感受，或者和朋友聊聊天。)”作者则是在建议读者在生气时应该如何处理和父母的关系。选项D“After this, share your feelings with your parents. (在这之后，和你的父母分享你的感受。)”内容上与上文一致，建议读者在生气的时候可以先写下感受，然后再和父母分享感受；选项D中的“after this”也和上文保持一致性。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Understand that parents are human beings who will make mistakes as well.(要明白父母也是人，他们也会犯错误。)”可知，作者觉得父母犯错是正常的；而根据下文“Since you can forgive your friends, why not forgive your parents? (既然你能原谅你的朋友，为什么不能原谅你的父母呢？)”可知，作者建议读者在父母犯错时原谅父母。选项A“Forgiveness is the key. (宽恕是关键。)”符合上下文内容。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据段首句“Keep company with them. (陪伴他们。)”可知，作者建议读者多陪伴父母。空前“Do things with your parents like watching TV, or going somewhere with them. (和父母一起做一些事情，比如看电视，或者和他们一起去某个地方。)”和空后“Listen to their old stories, which might help you find they are your tutors in this way or another. (听他们的旧故事，这可能会帮助你发现他们以这样或那样的方式成为你的导师。)”都是建议读者多和父母待在一起。选项E“Anyway, spend as much time with them as you can. (不管怎样，尽可能多花时间和他们在一起。)”符合上下文内容。故选E。

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节 （共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Being a parent is already a life-changing experience. However, this 40-year-old dad ______21______ an astonishing transformation (变化) after a hike with his kids.
Before Jeremiah Peterson looked like a supermodel, he weighed 290 pounds. He was only ______22______ to lose weight after he went on a ______23______ with his family in 2017 and became aware how quickly he got ______24______ from the activity.
“Instead of remembering all the good ______25______ we had made on this trip, all I can remember is this one thing that kept playing in my head over and over again: I found myself running out of breath and having to take ______26______ way before my 9-, 7- and 4-year-old kids,” Peterson wrote on Instagram.
The dad from Missoula, Montana then ______27______ himself to get into shape.
______28______, he started by giving up drinking and ______29______ a ketogenic diet (生酮食法). Every day for five months straight, he would hike for two hours and spend one more hour at the gym.
After 150 days of a strict diet and lots of _______30_______, Peterson lost 92 pounds. Not only that, he can now run _______31_______ up the hiking trail that once made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).
Peterson now uses his story and fitness knowledge to coach and _______32_______ almost 100,000 social media followers — but he says that his kids are the real _______33_______ for his success.
“Finding your reason that is _______34_______ if you want to achieve success in life,” he wrote in an Instagram post. “If you don’t have a strong reason behind your _______35_______, you are less likely to get the results.”
21. A. discouraged B. experienced C. prevented D. improved
22. A. lucky B. honored C. determined D. careful
23. A. hike B. diet C. program D. project
24. A. upset B. hurt C. rewarded D. exhausted
25. A. changes B. contributions C. memories D. preparations
26. A. turns B. breaks C. photos D. notes
27. A. set B. attracted C. advised D. wished
28 A. Besides B. Instead C. However D. Therefore
29. A. insisting on B. leading to C. referring to D. agreeing on
30. A. practice B. consideration C. exercise D. attention
31. A. suddenly B. non-stop C. immediately D. together
32. A. please B. compare C. encourage D. force
33. A. purpose B. reason C. advantage D. direction
34. A. necessary B. simple C. personal D. available
35. A. achievements B. imaginations C. conditions D. actions
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位父亲在家庭徒步旅行后，下定决心减肥，并最终成功的故事。他认为一件事的成功背后得有一个理由。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，这位40岁的父亲在和孩子们一起远足后经历了惊人的变化。A. discouraged使沮丧；B. experienced经历；C. prevented阻止；D. improved提高。根据下文“After 150 days of a strict diet and lots of ______10______, Peterson lost 92 pounds.”可知，这位父亲减了92磅，所以他是经历了惊人的变化。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会筋疲力尽。A. lucky幸运的；B. honored感到荣幸的；C. determined坚定的；D. careful仔细的。根据下文“The dad from Missoula, Montana then ______7______ himself to get into shape.”可知，这位父亲是下定决心去减肥。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会疲倦。A. hike远足；B. diet节食；C. program程序；D. project项目。空处为原词重现，根据文章第一段“However, this 40-year-old dad ______1______ an astonishing transformation (变化) after a hike with his kids.”可知，这位父亲是和家人一起徒步旅行之后才下定决心减肥。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他下定决心减肥是在2017年和家人一起徒步旅行之后，他意识到自己很快就会疲倦。A. upset推翻、打乱；B. hurt伤害；C. rewarded奖励；D. exhausted使筋疲力尽。空处为原词重现，根据下文“Not only that, he can now run ______11______ up the hiking trail that once made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).”可知，空处指的是疲倦的。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peterson在Instagram上写道：“我没有记住我们在这次旅行中留下的所有美好回忆，我只记得一件事，它一直在我脑海中反复播放：我发现自己喘不过气来，不得不在我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子之前休息一下。”A. changes改变；B. contributions贡献；C. memories记忆；D. preparations准备。根据下文“all I can remember is this one thing that kept playing in my head over and over again: I found myself running out of breath and having to take ______6______ way before my 9-, 7- and 4-year-old kids”可知，下文指的是他能记得的事情，所以空处指的是美好的回忆。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peterson在Instagram上写道：“我没有记住我们在这次旅行中留下的所有美好回忆，我只记得一件事，它一直在我脑海中反复播放：我发现自己喘不过气来，不得不在我9岁、7岁和4岁的孩子之前休息一下。”A. turns轮流；B. breaks休息；C. photos照片；D. notes便条、笔记。根据上文“He was only ____2____ to lose weight after he went on a ____3____ with his family in 2017 and became aware how quickly he got ______4______ from the activity.”可知，他很容易就会感到疲倦，所以他是要休息。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位来自蒙大拿州米苏拉的父亲开始健身。A. set设定；B. attracted吸引；C. advised建议；D. wished期望。考查短语：set oneself to，意为“决心做某事”。根据上文可知，这位父亲下定决心开始减肥。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒开始，坚持生酮食法。A. Besides除此之外；B. Instead相反地；C. However然而；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“The dad from Missoula, Montana then ______7______ himself to get into shape.”可知，这位父亲决定开始减肥，而下文介绍了他的减肥方法，之间存在因果关系。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：因此，他从戒酒开始，坚持生酮食法。A. insisting on坚持；B. leading to导致；C. referring to提及、参考；D. agreeing on就……达成一致。根据下文“After 150 days of a strict diet and lots of ______10______, Peterson lost 92 pounds.”可知，他坚持一直如此做，才成功减肥。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过150天的严格节食和大量运动，Peterson减掉了92磅。A. practice练习；B. consideration考虑；C. exercise运动；D. attention注意力。根据上文“Every day for five months straight, he would hike for two hours and spend one more hour at the gym.”可知，他不仅控制饮食，还每天坚持运动，所以空处指的是运动。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不仅如此，他现在还可以在曾经让他筋疲力尽的徒步路线上不停地奔跑。A. suddenly突然；B. non-stop不停地；C. immediately立即；D. together共同。这里讲述的是他身上发生的变化，而根据下文“that once made him extremely exhausted (疲惫的).”可知，远足曾经让他很快就疲惫。作为对比，现在应该是可以不停地跑动。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Peterson现在用他的故事和健身知识来指导和鼓励近10万名社交媒体粉丝，但他说他的孩子是他成功的真正原因。A. please取悦；B. compare比较；C. encourage鼓励；D. force强迫。根据下文“100,000 social media followers”可知，这些人都在追随他，崇拜他，所以他的故事应该是鼓励了别人。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Peterson现在用他的故事和健身知识来指导和鼓励近10万名社交媒体粉丝，但他说他的孩子是他成功的真正原因。A. purpose目的；B. reason原因；C. advantage优点；D. direction方向。根据下文“Finding your reason that is ______14______ if you want to achieve success in life”可知，他认为原因很重要，所以这里指的应该是他自己减肥成功背后的原因是孩子。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他在Instagram上写道：“如果你想在生活中取得成功，找到你的理由是必要的。”A. necessary必要的；B. simple简单的；C. personal个人的；D. available可利用的、有空的。根据上文“but he says that his kids are the real ______13_____ for his success.”可知，他认为自己成功的原因是孩子，也就是说他认为找到自己想要做某件事的原因很有必要。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你的行为背后没有一个强有力的理由，你就不太可能得到结果。A. achievements成就；B. imaginations想象力；C. conditions条件；D. actions行动。根据上文的“______8______, he started by giving up drinking and ______9______ a ketogenic diet (生酮食法). Every day for five months straight, he would hike for two hours and spend one more hour at the gym.”以及他所说的成功的背后肯定有强有力的原因可知，他认为一个人行动的背后得有原因才能成功。故选D。

第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the old saying goes, “Friends are like liquor (酒): the older, the better.” Many people consider old friends to be more important than new ones. For example, if two pieces of advice __________36__________ (give) to solve a problem, one from a new friend and the other from __________37__________ old friend, people will prefer the latter one __________38__________ the former one, even though the new friend’s advice may be better.
I, however, disagree with the old saying, __________39__________ (believe) that new friends are not __________40__________(necessary) worse than old friends. It is not always right __________41__________ (determine) your friendship by the length of time.
Once you call someone a friend, he or she must be a person __________42__________ is reliable and whose interests are in common with __________43__________(you). It is mainly his or her character and interests that make him or her your friend. It actually has little to do with time. People’s appearance may change, __________44__________their character usually stays the same. Therefore, on this point, there are no ___________45___________ (difference) between old friends and new friends.
【答案】36. are given
37. an 38. to
39. believing
40. necessarily
41. to determine
42. that##who
43. yours 44. but##yet
45. differences
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者的观点，作者认为用时间的长短来决定友谊并不总是正确的。
【36题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：例如，如果要解决一个问题有两个建议，一个来自新朋友，另一个来自老朋友，人们会更喜欢后者，而不是前者，即使新朋友的建议可能更好。根据上下文可判断，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为two pieces of advice，复数，和动词give之间存在被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are given。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：例如，如果要解决一个问题有两个建议，一个来自新朋友，另一个来自老朋友，人们会更喜欢后者，而不是前者，即使新朋友的建议可能更好。修饰可数名词单数，泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词old发音以为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
【38题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：例如，如果要解决一个问题有两个建议，一个来自新朋友，另一个来自老朋友，人们会更喜欢后者，而不是前者，即使新朋友的建议可能更好。固定搭配：prefer…to…，意为“和……相比，更喜欢……”。故填to。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，我不同意这句老话，认为新朋友不一定比老朋友差。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主语I之间存在主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填believing。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，我不同意这句老话，认新朋友不一定比老朋友差。修饰worse用副词，且构成固定搭配：not necessarily，意为“未必”。故填necessarily。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：用时间的长短来决定友谊并不总是正确的。这里为It is +adj. +to do结构，由it担当形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式形式。故填to determine。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：一旦你称某人为朋友，他或她一定是一个值得信赖的人，他或她的兴趣与你的兴趣有共同之处。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为a person，在从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
【43题详解】
考查代词。句意：一旦你称某人为朋友，他或她一定是一个值得信赖的人，他或她的兴趣与你的兴趣有共同之处。空处指的是your interests，用名词性物主代词。故填yours。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：人们的外表可能改变，但他们的性格通常保持不变。上句“People’s appearance may change”和下句“their character usually stays the same”之间存在转折关系，所以用转折连词。故填but/yet。
【45题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：因此，在这一点上，老朋友和新朋友是没有区别的。本句为there be句型，谓语动词遵循就近原则，根据本句谓语are可判断，主语为名词的复数形式。故填differences。
46. I took down a box and ________(lay) it carefully in front of Mama. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】laid
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：我取下一个盒子，小心翼翼地放在妈妈面前。根据并列连词and前 took down 可知，用一般过去时。故填laid。
47. Since then, a close relationship ______________ (grow) between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has grown##has been growing
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：从那以后，我们之间的关系越来越密切，她对我来说就像一个妹妹。该空为谓语，结合Since then可知，该空可表过去的动作或状态持续到现在，或对现在造成的影响，可能持续发生下去，用现在完成时；也可表过去发生的动作或状况一直持续到现在，这个动作可能仍在继续进行，用现在完成进行时。主语a close relationship单数，谓语单数形式。故填has grown/has been growing。
48. The stress of this situation is killing me, and I’m at a loss ______________ to do next. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】what
【解析】
【详解】考查特殊疑问词+不定式。句意：这种情况的压力快把我累死了，我不知道下一步该做什么。at a loss是介词短语，表示“感到困惑”，之后常跟特殊疑问词+不定式形式，此处表示“不知道下一步该做什么”，应用what，故填what。
49. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more ______________ (satisfy) humans. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】satisfied
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：通过友谊，我们可以变得更快乐，更聪明，更满足的人。根据句中 happier, wiser可知，用形容词比较级形式。修饰人，用-ed形式形容词。根据句意，故填satisfied。
50. Perhaps she knows she’s in the wrong and wants to apologize, or maybe she has a simple explanation for her ______________ (behave). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】behavior ##behaviour
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：也许她知道自己错了，想要道歉，也许她对自己的行为有一个简单的解释。此处应用名词作宾语，表示“行为”，为名词behavior/behaviour，且为不可数名词，故填behavior/behaviour。

第四部分 写作（满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
51. 假定你是李华，昨天你和你的美国朋友Mary一起去市图书馆参加高中生如何交友的讲座。请你据此写一篇英文日记。
要点：
1.时间、地点；
2.讲座内容；
3.参加讲座收获。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dec. 6, 2021
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【答案】Dec. 6, 2021
My American friend Mary and I attended a lecture held in our city library yesterday. It was aimed at how senior high students could make friends and what mattered most to maintain a firm friendship.
An experienced professor gave the lecture. His talk was informative, humorous and interesting, attracting hundreds of students plus parents. To our satisfaction, he replied to our questions patiently and clearly. So absorbed in the lecture were we that we were unwilling to wave him goodbye.
From this lecture we figured out some practical approaches to making close friends.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇英语短文介绍自己和美国朋友Mary去市图书馆参加高中生如何交友的讲座，内容包括时间、地点、内容和参加讲座的收获。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
参加：attend→present/ take part in
涨知识的：informative→intellectual
方法：approach→method
2. 句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：My American friend Mary and I attended a lecture held in our city library yesterday. It was aimed at how senior high students could make friends and what mattered most to maintain a firm friendship.
拓展句：My American friend Mary and I attended a lecture held in our city library yesterday, which was aimed at how senior high students could make friends and what mattered most to maintain a firm friendship.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 His talk was informative, humorous and interesting, attracting hundreds of students plus parents.（使用了现在分词作结果状语）
【高分句型2】 So absorbed in the lecture were we that we were unwilling to wave him goodbye.（运用了so＋adj.+that引导的结果状语从句和部分倒装）
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I am a proud mother of three children, my last little one being delivered in the middle of this pandemic. She was born in August and her name is Aida.
Shortly after having Aida, my mother-in-law Ann showed me something she learned from her friend’s mother in an art class she attended weekly. She had showed me how to knit (编织) a scarf. She showed me stitches (针) and gave me her half done project.
I spent a lot of time breastfeeding my sweet little girl, so I had some extra time to do something with my hands throughout the day. I enjoyed making the scarf so I purchased tons of yarn (线) since it was winter. I wanted to make scarves for my three children as Christmas gifts.
There was a new family that moved in down the street. The only daughter of the family was Jane, a shy girl, aged 14, the same age of my oldest son David. It seemed that she came from a financially disadvantaged family, for she always wore old clothes. Worse sill, in such cold days, she had no more clothes to wear and trembled with cold.
Due to the pandemic, society was thrown into crisis mode. Schools were closed, food supplies and deliveries were suspended and children were stuck at home. In such discouraging times, however, they became good companions, talking and playing at home or around the houses.
It was dreadfully cold this winter. Every time David came back from outside, with red face, he always cried, “Mum, it is freezing outside!” Then, he came over to see whether I finished the scarf. I could tell how impatient he was to wear my scarf sooner! I had to speed the project to satisfy his expectation. But David comforted me saying he could wait a few days. What a kind and considerate boy he was ! Then my great art project finally was accomplished on the morning ahead of Christmas.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck.
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Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf.
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【答案】 I wrapped the scarf around David’s neck. David’s face lit up with joy. Stroking the scarf softly, David excitedly kissed me in the cheek, beaming at me “Thank you, Mum. This is the best gift I have ever received.” Before I could say anything, he dashed out to join Jane with a spring in his step. I felt relieved and content as a mother, seeing David play happily outside, with the scarf sheltering him to brave the bone-chilling wind. Wearing a smile on my face, I continued my chores that morning.
Later that day David came back saying Jane also deserved a scarf. Obviously, David noticed Jane could hardly bear the freezing weather with worn-out clothes. “Can I give this to Jane as a Christmas gift?” David ventured in a low voice. Smilingly, I nodded. Seeing David rush into Jane’s house with the scarf in his hand, felt burst of pride. I was happy that both of them received the best gift for Christmas. For Jane-a scarf to keep warm, and for David—a taste of happiness of giving.
【解析】
【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了疫情期间作者的小女儿出生后作者跟家里的老人学会了织围巾，她想给家里的三个孩子织围巾。在寒冷的冬天，一个来自经济拮据家庭的小女孩简总是被冻得瑟瑟发抖。由于疫情大爆发，社会陷入危机模式，学校关闭，食品供应和运输暂停，孩子们被困在家里。然而，在这种令人沮丧的时期，孩子们和简成了好伙伴，在家里或在房子周围聊天、玩耍。最终作者给孩子们织好了围巾。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我把围巾围在大卫的脖子上。”可知，第一段可描写大卫在带上围巾后感动和开心的样子。
②由第二段首句内容“那天晚些时候，大卫回来说简也应该得到一条围巾。”可知，第二段可描写大卫给简也送了一条温暖的围巾。
2.续写线索：大卫带上围巾——开心——母亲满足——大卫想到简没有围巾——送围巾——母亲感慨
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.冲出去：dashed out /rush out
②.忍受：bear/ endure
情绪类
①.满足：content/ satisfied
②.感到骄傲：feel burst of pride/be proud of
【点睛】[高分句型1]. Before I could say anything, he dashed out to join Jane with a spring in his step.（此句中有Before引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. Seeing David rush into Jane’s house with the scarf in his hand, felt burst of pride.（此句中有现在分词作状语）
听力 01—05 BCACB 06—10 BCBAA11—15 CBACB 16—20 ACBAC