2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年甘肃省庆阳市高一上学期期末英语试卷（解析版），共21页。试卷主要包含了5分）等内容，欢迎下载使用。

第I卷（选择题）
一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）
A
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
We are excited t annunce that Brandn Hbsn-authr f Where the Dead Sit Talking，a Natinal Bk Award Finalist-will judge ur 2023 American Shrt（er）Fictin Prize.General Guidelines
Stries must be 1，000 wrds r fewer.Yu are allwed t include up t three stries per entry.Please submit（提交）all stries in ne dcument.Each stry must begin n a new page and be clearly titled.Fr the title f yur submissin，list the stry titles，separated by a cmma.
The first-place winner will receive a ＄1，000 prize and publicatin（出版）in a future issue f American Shrt Fictin （ASF）.All entries will be cnsidered fr publicatin.Please submit yur ﹩ 17 entry fee and yur wrk thrugh Submittable.We n lnger accept submissins by pst.
Yu may submit multiple entries.We accept nly previusly unpublished wrks.
Submit yur entry nline between Nvember 24，2022-February 1，2023.
Cnflicts（冲突）f Interest
Staff and vlunteers currently wrking with ASF are nt fit fr cnsideratin r publicatin.Additinally，students，frmer students，and clleagues f the judge's are nt admitted t participate（参加）.We ask that previus winners wait three years after their winning entry is published befre entering again.
Abut writing，Hbsn has said， "I'm always mre interested in language than I am certainly in plt.Mst f us wh write literary fictin are interested in experimenting in mre ways than just lking at it，especially a traditinal stryline r plt that we all learned in schl. " With thse wrds f encuragement and wisdm，gd luck!We can't wait fr yur submissins!
1. Hw many stries can a participant submit at mst？ ______
A. One.B. Tw.C. Three.D. Fur.
2. What may the first-place prize winner get？ ______
A. A ﹩1，000 prize.
B. A return f ﹩17 entry fee.
C. Meeting with Brandn Hbsn.
D. Publicatin in a past issue f ASF.
3. Which f the fllwing may be qualified t participate？ ______
A. Vlunteers f ASF.B. A new fictin writer.
C. Prize winners last year.D. Students f the judge's.
B
Much f ur thinking abut health is based n wishful thinking.But science prvides clear and simple advice fr a healthy life.Graham Lawtn explres the evidence.Graham prves that yu dn't have t be a health and fitness extremist t be reasnably healthy.He has runded up the latest and strictest health research and changed it int useful advice n all the big health questins：diet，weight lss，exercise，sleep，ageing and s n.
Graham，New Scientist feature writer，is nt the cmmn health expert.He smetimes eats fast fd.He has a gym membership but rarely uses it.And he takes medicine t keep his bld pressure under cntrl.He neither has a diet plan nr a 6-week prgram t keep fit and thin.
But he des have a much better weapn：science.In a talk，Graham explains the basic science，tells peple sme f the secrets f science，teaches peple t use the ability f judgement t tell the gd frm the bad，and helps them t see beynd the headlines.The talk allws peple t eat healthily，lse weight，and srt the truth ut frm science facts.
But he lves utdr sprts.Last year Graham cycled ver 1，200 miles and ran the same distance f 15 marathns.He ften ges swimming utdrs，walks up eight flights f stairs t his desk instead f taking the lift.He eats his five cpies f fruit and vegetables a day，keeps enugh water in his bdy，and desn't eat much meat.Despite all the bad habits，his gd nes seem t be winning.Graham is 50，but his "bilgical age" was recently measured as 45.
4. What can we learn abut Graham？ ______
A. He has sme bad habits.
B. He has an extremely strict diet.
C. He lks dwn n cmmn health experts.
D. He always bases health n wishful thinking.
5. What des Graham's talk in paragraph 3 cver？ ______
A. Wrds as weapns.B. Health and science.
C. Functins f medicine.D. Ability and cnfidence.
6. What des the last paragraph mainly tell us cncerning Graham？ ______
A. His indr sprts f his life.B. His cpies f health bks.
C. His healthy lifestyle.D. His way f thinking.
7. Which is the mst suitable title fr the text？ ______
A. The Prfessinal Ways t D Sprts
B. The Imprtance f Exercise fr Health
C. The Unique Path t Scientific Success
D. The Secrets f Living a Healthy Life
C
African cuntries have sme histric heritage，which directly reflects（反映）the imprtant develpment f human sciety，frm Eurpean cuntries.Recently，Germany signed a deal fr the return f hundreds f valuable artwrks frm the Kingdm f Dahmey in the 19th century，in what is tday Benin.
But many artifacts（手工艺品）are still unluckily missing and sme are n their way back.One such bject is an eight-legged seat frm the ld kingdm in Uganda.The imprtant arti- fact nw sits at a museum thusands f kilmeters away in Britain.The wden seat is hused at the University f Oxfrd.It is ne f at least 279 bjects there taken frm the Bunyr- Kitara Kingdm.
Apll Jhn Rwampar is a deputy prime minister f Uganda.He really values the cuntry's cultural heritage.He requested the British t return the artifacts.Uganda fficials are preparing t meet with the University f Cambridge in Britain abut the return f such histrical artifacts.The schl has an unknwn number f artifacts frm Africa.Thrugh many effrts，an artifact was recently t its hme.
The British Museum hlds a large cllectin f artifacts frm Africa.Rse Mwanja said Uganda's cmmissin had been trying hard n it and believed it culd have sme gd effects.She is Uganda's cmmissiner fr museums.She added she culd start with thse that are mre willing t cperate.
Many f the artifacts frm Africa cannt even be fund.That led t an rganizatin star- ted by late Cnglese art cllectr Sindika Dkl.The rganizatin ffers t buy African art frm cllectins in freign cuntries.By 2020，when Dkl died，his grup had successfully recvered 15 items.Hwever，fr African gvernments，the recvery f artifacts remains a struggle and will take much time.
8. What des the underlined wrd "retrieved" in paragraph 1 mean？ ______
A. Reduced.B. Taken back.C. Given up.D. Recmmended.
9. Where is the artifact f the eight-legged seat at present？ ______
A. In Benin.B. In Uganda.C. In Germany.D. In Britain.
10. What is Uganda fficials' attitude t their cuntry's cultural heritage？ ______
A. Curius.B. Cncerned.C. Uncaring.D. Cnfused.
11. Which wrd best describes the recvery f artifacts？ ______
A. Frightening.B. Dubtful.C. Effrtless.D. Challenging.
D
One millin species face extinctin，mre than ever befre in human histry，accrding t a UN reprt released in May.And humans shuld be respnsible.
The Intergvernmental Platfrm n Bidiversity and Ecsystem Services （IPBES） based the assessment（评估）n sme 15，000 surces cnsidering the causes and results f envirn- mental changes ver the past 50 years.
The findings are clear and alarming.The researchers have fund that abut 25 percent f the wrld's plants and animals are at risk f extinctin.These include sea and land animals.Even the dmesticated（驯养的）animals are at risk：Over 9 percent f the dmesticated ani- mal species used fr fd and agriculture might have been lst.
There are sme big prblems.This rapid decrease f the natural wrld endangers glbal fd safety and quality f life.Fr example，abut 4 billin peple rely n natural medicines，prduced by the disappearing species，fr their health care.And lsses f species that pllinate（授粉）plants threaten up t ＄577 billin in crps each year.
The researchers identified five drivers respnsible fr the unpleasant news.They think at the tp f the list is the change f land and sea use.The change in ecsystems twards agriculture，aquaculture and ther human develpments has led t changes in the natural living space f species.It is fllwed by the direct veruse f creatures （harvesting crps，cutting dwn the trees，hunting and fishing） and climate change，including rising sea levels and increasing extreme-weather events，wildfires，flds and drughts.The final causes f species extinctin are pllutin，especially plastics，and the spread f nn-native species that can displace r kill native plants and animals.
The researchers say it is time fr humans t make a change.They think maybe a new glbal way t save fd and refuse waste in ur life culd turn the tables.Whether that is pssible is an pen questin.
12. What is the main purpse f the first paragraph？ ______
A. T intrduce the tpic f the text.
B. T intrduce the schedule f the reprt.
C. T intrduce humans' sense f respnsibility.
D. T intrduce the histry f human develpment.
13. What des paragraph 3 mainly shw？ ______
A. The reliability f the findings.
B. The species f animals wrldwide.
C. The seriusness f species' reductin.
D. The risky experiences f the researchers.
14. What is the biggest threat f species' survival accrding t the researchers？ ______
A. Climate change.B. Natural disasters.
C. Changes f their living space.D. The direct veruse f creatures.
15. What are the researchers in favr f？ ______
A. Changing ur living habits.
B. Spreading nn-native species.
C. Limiting native plants and animals.
D. Stpping discussing the fd prblem.
二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
T prepare fr an exam，as a student yu have t start early.It is easier when it cmes t getting serius abut preparing fr an exam.
As t hw t g abut it，the first thing yu need is a plan. (1) .That is the first day t start studying fr real.Plan ut hw many hurs yu will spend each day studying until the exam.Make a schedule and stick t it.
(2) .This helps t develp a big-picture verview f the material.Start with big tpics and leave rm fr subtpics.Fill in the infrmatin as best as yu can.Once yu see all the units f infrmatin in frnt f yu，it will be easier t rganize yur studying.
T find ut if yu understand what yu have been studying，try wrking with smene else wh will ask yu questins abut the material.If yu can answer and explain withut t much effrt then yu are prepared. (3) .
On the night befre the exam，make sure yu get eight hurs f sleep.On the mrning f the exam，wake up abut thirty minutes earlier s that yu can d a quick refresher f sme f the main pints frm yur exam review.These last thirty minutes keep the infrmatin fresh in yur mind withut wearing yu ut. (4) .Yu need t be healthy and careful t d yur exam well.Make sure yu arrive early s that yu are nt rushing arund right befre the exam starts.
By fllwing these guidelines，yu are better prepared fr an exam.Yu will feel mre cnfident and in cntrl. (5) ， yu are mre likely t d better in the exam.
A.When yu feel as such
B.When yu are used t tests
C.Yu have studied fr a whle term
D.Eat a full breakfast f healthy fd
E.Start with the day ne week befre the exam
F.The secnd thing is t utline the material yu need t study
G.Usually，ding this will shw areas that require mre attentin and study
16. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
17. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
18. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
19. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
20. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Kids are ften stressed and scared when they break a bne，but Luis Ruiz makes getting a cast（打石膏）fun at Children's Hspital Ls Angeles.The dctr custmizes（定制）casts f yung (21) with drawings f their favrite cartn characters，sprts teams，and mre.
Abut ten years ag，a little by asked Ruiz t (22) a happy face n his cast.He tld the (23)， "Yu knw what，I'm really nt gd at drawing.I'd rather nt.I might (24) it up. "The by (25) t insist n a smiley face，s Ruiz agreed (26) .The little by was (27) with the results.
"It lit him up!" Ruiz remembers.That mment f jy (28) Ruiz t ffer cast drawings t all the kids wh came int the hspital with (29) bnes. "I was nt very gd， "Ruiz says. "But as time (30)， little by little，I gt better and better，t a (31) where nw I can almst d anything they ask fr. "
Since that first (32) face，Ruiz has painted thusands f casts，and the best (33)， he says，is "bringing thse smiles".
"The kids just (34) me jy， " Ruiz adds. "I'm kind f a fun guy and a little kid myself inside，and I like having fun and making (35) smile，and they make me smile. "
21. A. patientsB. ladiesC. adultsD. partners
22. A. reviseB. makeC. drawD. cancel
23. A. nurseB. byC. reprterD. dctr
24. A. setB. mixC. cleanD. mess
25. A. preferredB. attemptedC. cntinuedD. recmmended
26. A. finallyB. persnallyC. cnfidentlyD. curiusly
27. A. disappintedB. preparedC. pleasedD. tired
28. A. advisedB. inspiredC. enabledD. allwed
29. A. brkenB. strngC. extraD. bad
30. A. came alngB. gt nC. let ffD. went by
31. A. sightB. distanceC. baseD. pint
32. A. uglyB. smileyC. lnelyD. smelly
33. A. viewB. factC. partD. cmment
34. A. bringB. wishC. lendD. mail
35. A. hstsB. kidsC. parentsD. myself
第II卷（非选择题）
四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）
36. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have yu heard f cmmunity fridges？These are spaces (1) lcals can share fd with ne anther and save fresh fd (2) ging t waste.The Cmmunity Fridge Netwrk (3) （ cnnect） 300 cmmunity fridges acrss the UK.It ffers guidance t peple (4) （ lk） t set up their wn fridges，and supprt t grups running fridges.The fridges are pen t everyne.Of curse，there are sme rules fr what can and cannt (5) （ share） in rder t keep things safe.But therwise，yu're welcme (6) （ take） what yu need，and leave anything that might therwise end up in the waste bin.
Accrding t (7) survey by the Fd Fundatin，in April 2022，15.5 percent f UK husehlds were fd insecure，meaning that they ate (8) （ little） than nrmal r went a day withut fd because they culd nt access (9) affrd fd.
The benefit f cmmunity fridges has never been clearer.In difficult times，with pretty much all csts increasing greatly，it is reassuring t knw that (10) （ cmmunity） are cming tgether and helping each ther as much as they can.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）
37. 假定你是李华，随着春节的临近，你的交换生同学Bb想了解一下你们当地是如何欢度春
节的。请你给他发一封电子邮件，内容包括：
（1）介绍当地欢度春节的方式；
（2）邀请他来你家做客。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Bb，
Hw is everything ging？
_______
I am lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs，
Li Hua
38. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Hillary Harris lived with her husband and daughter in Eau Claire，Wiscnsin.Hwever，she was thinking f mving.Nt because she didn't like the huse r the neighbrhd，but because f the huse next dr.First f all，she hated that her family had t share the driveway with the neighbrs，while she als disliked the fact that tenants（租户）came and went t that huse all the time.And when a cuple in their 50s mved next dr，it wasn't any different.Hillary felt that she had had enugh，s she didn't even try t be warm twards them.
"Here we g again， "she thught. "Nw what？" As she admitted，she was "turned ff" by the wman next dr and that they were cld t each ther.
"She wuld nt accept me anyhw， "Dawn Jhnsn，the new neighbr recalled. "I wuld cme t get my mail，shut it and watch her walk int the huse. " But everything was abut t change in an unbelievable way.
Hillary knew she had been adpted（收养）when she was a baby，as well as she knew she had several halfsiblings （兄弟姐妹）.In fact，she had already managed t reunite with three f them thrugh the Internet.But there was still ne half-sibling that she culdn't track dwn.All she knew was that her name was Dawn Jhnsn.She had fund three ther half- siblings n the Internet，but she was having n luck with Dawn.She was beginning t think that she'd never find her.
When she realized her new neighbr's name was Dawn，she kind f had a feeling that she just might be her sister.She learned that the wman's first name was Dawn and that she was frm Greenwd-the same twn where Dawn Jhnsn had lived accrding t what she had learned frm her father，Wayne Cluse.She tld her husband， "Her name is Dawn-what if she's my sister？" They bth laughed and said， "N way!N way culd that be. "
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hwever，she culdn't help thinking abut it._______
S，when Jhnsn went ut f twn，Hillary texted her，asking abut her father's name._______
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】C、A、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据General Guidelines部分第一段中的Stries must be 1，000 wrds r fewer.Yu are allwed t include up t three stries per entry.（故事必须不超过1，000 字。每为入围者最多可以包含三个故事。）可知，参赛作品最多3篇故事。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据General Guidelines部分第二段中的The first-place winner will receive a ＄1，000 prize and publicatin（出版）in a future issue f American Shrt Fictin （ASF）.（第一名的获奖者将获得1，000美元的奖金，并在下一期的美国短篇小说（ASF）上发表。）可知，第一名获得者获得1000美元的奖金，并将在下期《美国短篇小说》杂志上发表。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的Staff and vlunteers currently wrking with ASF are nt fit fr cnsideratin r publicatin.Additinally，students，frmer students，and clleagues f the judge's are nt admitted t participate（参加）.We ask that previus winners wait three years after their winning entry is published befre entering again.（目前与ASF合作的工作人员和志愿者不适合考虑或发布。此外，裁判的学生、以前的学生和同事不得参加。我们要求以前的获奖者在获奖作品发布三年后再参加。）可知，ASF当前的志愿者不能参加、与裁判相关的人员不能参加，而且以前获奖选手三年内不能参加。由此可推断，只有新手才可以参赛。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍短篇小说大赛的相关信息。
考查说明文。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、C、D
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的Graham，New Scientist feature writer，is nt the cmmn health expert.He smetimes eats fast fd.He has a gym membership but rarely uses it.And he takes medicine t keep his bld pressure under cntrl.He neither has a diet plan nr a 6-week prgram t keep fit and thin.（ Graham是《新科学家》特稿作者，他不是那种常见的健康专家。他有时吃快餐。他有健身房会员卡，但很少使用。他还吃药控制血压。他既没有节食计划，也没有6周的减肥计划。）可知，Graham有一些不好的习惯，如吃快餐，有健身房会员卡但很少使用等。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的In a talk，Graham explains the basic science，tells peple sme f the secrets f science，teaches peple t use the ability f judgement t tell the gd frm the bad，and helps them t see beynd the headlines.The talk allws peple t eat healthily，lse weight，and srt the truth ut frm science facts.（在一次演讲中，Graham解释了基础科学，告诉人们一些科学的秘密，教人们使用判断能力来区分好坏，并帮助看到头条新闻之外的东西。这个演讲让人们健康饮食，减肥，并从科学事实中梳理真相。）可知第三段中提到的Graham的这个演讲涵盖了科学和健康方面的内容。故选B。
（3）段落大意题。根据最后一段But he lves utdr sprts.Last year Graham cycled ver 1，200 miles and ran the same distance f 15 marathns.He ften ges swimming utdrs，walks up eight flights f stairs t his desk instead f taking the lift.He eats his five cpies f fruit and vegetables a day，keeps enugh water in his bdy，and desn't eat much meat.Despite all the bad habits，his gd nes seem t be winning.Graham is 50，but his 'bilgical age' was recently measured as 45.（但是他喜欢户外运动。去年，Graham骑行了1200多英里，跑了相当于15场马拉松的距离。他经常去户外游泳，爬八层楼梯去上班，而不是坐电梯。他每天吃五份水果和蔬菜，体内保持足够的水分，而且不怎么吃肉。尽管有那么多坏习惯，但他的好习惯似乎正在占上风。Graham今年50岁，但他的'生理年龄'最近被测量为45岁。）可知，此段主要介绍了Graham的一些健康的生活方式。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段中的But science prvides clear and simple advice fr a healthy life.Graham Lawtn explres the evidence.Graham prves that yu dn't have t be a health and fitness extremist t be reasnably healthy.He has runded up the latest and strictest health research and changed it int useful advice n all the big health questins：diet，weight lss，exercise，sleep，ageing and s n.（但科学为健康生活提供了清晰而简单的建议。格雷厄姆•劳顿探究了其中的证据。格雷厄姆证明，你不必成为一个健康和健身极端主义者来保持合理的健康。他收集了最新、最严格的健康研究，并将其转化为对所有重大健康问题的有用建议：饮食、减肥、锻炼、睡眠、衰老等等。）以及下文对Graham生活方式以及他的演讲的详细介绍可知，本文主要阐述了Graham把收集到的最新、最严格的健康研究转化为对健康问题的有用建议，以及Graham健康的生活方式，由此可知D选项The Secrets f Living a Healthy Life（健康生活的秘密）能够概括文章内容，适合作为文章标题。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文，文章讲述了Graham把收集到的最新、最严格的健康研究转化为对健康问题的有用建议以及他的健康的生活方式。
考查说明文。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
8~11.【答案】B、D、B、D
【解析】（1）词义猜测题。根据后文Recently，Germany signed a deal fr the return f hundreds f valuable artwrks frm the Kingdm f Dahmey in the 19th century，in what is tday Benin.（最近，德国签署了一项协议，要求归还19世纪达荷美王国（今天的贝宁）的数百件珍贵艺术品。）可知，划线词所在句子African cuntries have retrieved sme histric heritage，which directly reflects（反映）the imprtant develpment f human sciety，frm Eurpean cuntries.表达的意思是：非洲国家从欧洲国家已经拿回了一些直接反映人类社会重要发展的历史遗产。划线单词的意思是"拿回"。A.Reduced.减少；B.Taken back.拿回；C.Given up.放弃；D.Recmmended.推荐。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的One such bject is an eight-legged seat frm the ld kingdm in Uganda.The imprtant arti- fact nw sits at a museum thusands f kilmeters away in Britain.（其中一件这样的物品是一个来自乌干达旧王国的八条腿的座椅。这件重要的艺术品现在位于数千公里外的英国博物馆。）可知，这把八条腿的座椅现在在英国的一个博物馆里。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据第三段中的Apll Jhn Rwampar is a deputy prime minister f Uganda.He really values the cuntry's cultural heritage.He requested the British t return the artifacts.Uganda fficials are preparing t meet with the University f Cambridge in Britain abut the return f such histrical artifacts.（Apll Jhn Rwampar是乌干达副总理。他非常重视这个国家的文化遗产。他要求英国人归还文物。乌干达官员正准备与英国剑桥大学会面，讨论归还这些历史文物的问题。）可知，乌干达的副总理很重视这个国家的文化遗产，乌干达的官员也将与英国剑桥大学会面，要求归还历史文物，由此可推断，乌干达的官员很关心他们国家的文物。A.Curius.好奇的；B.Cncerned.关心的；C.Uncaring.冷漠的；D.Cnfused.困惑的。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Many f the artifacts frm Africa cannt even be fund.（许多来自非洲的文物甚至找不到。）以及Hwever，fr African gvernments，the recvery f artifacts remains a struggle and will take much time.（然而，对于非洲各国政府来说，文物的恢复仍然是一场斗争，需要很长时间。）可知，有些文物已经丢失，文物的恢复仍然面临着很大的挑战。A.Frightening.可怕的；B.Dubtful.可疑的；C.Effrtless.毫不费力的；D.Challenging.具有挑战性的。故选D。
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了非洲国家正在努力找回一些反映人类社会重要发展的文物，但是对于非洲各国政府来说，这仍然是极大的一项挑战。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
12~15.【答案】A、C、C、A
【解析】（1）写作目的题。根据首段One millin species face extinctin，mre than ever befre in human histry，accrding t a UN reprt released in May.And humans shuld be respnsible（根据联合国5月发布的一份报告，有100万个物种面临灭绝，比人类历史上任何时候都多。人类应该为此负责。）可知，首段引用联合国公布的-项报告，说明世界上物种灭绝严重，结合下文对物种灭绝的原因和后果进行分析可以判断，首段的目的是引出本文的话题。故选A项。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段The findings are clear and alarming.The researchers have fund that abut 25 percent f the wrld's plants and animals are at risk f extinctin.（调查结果是明确和令人震惊的。研究人员发现，世界上约有25%的植物和动物面临灭绝的危险。）可知，对于物种灭绝的数量研究结果令人震惊，世界上25%的动植物处于灭绝的危险中，这说明了物种灭绝严重。可知第3段主要说明了物种减少的严重性。故选C项。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The researchers identified five drivers respnsible fr the unpleasant news.They think at the tp f the list is the change f land and sea use.（研究人员确定了造成这一令人不快的消息的推手。他们认为排在首位的是土地和海洋用途的变化。）可知，造成物种灭绝的威胁中排在最前面的是土地和海洋用途的变化。A.Climate change.气候变化；B.Natural disasters.自然灾害；C.Changes f their living space.他们生活空间的变化；D.The direct veruse f creatures.直接过度使用生物。故选C项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段The researchers say it is time fr humans t make a change.They think maybe a new glbal way t save fd and refuse waste in ur life culd turn the tables.（研究人员说，现在是人类做出改变的时候了。他们认为，也许一种新的全球方法来节省食物和拒绝我们生活中的浪费可以扭转局面。）可知，研究者说我们人类应该做出改变了，一种新的全球方法来节省食物和拒绝我们生活中的浪费可以扭转局面，由此可推断，研究者支持 "改变生活习惯"这一观点。故选A项。
本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是联合国的一份报告表明，现在世界上有100多万物种面临灭绝，分析了物种灭绝的原因以及对人类造成的后果，并呼吁人类应该做出改变。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
16~20.【答案】E、F、G、D、A
【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据前句As t hw t g abut it，the first thing yu need is a plan（至于怎么做，你首先需要的是一个计划）；以及后句That is the first day t start studying fr real（这是真正开始学习的第一天），可知表示"从考试前一周开始"的选项E符合前后的语境，the first day和Start with the day是关键词，故选E。
（2）推理判断题。和前一段As t hw t g abut it，the first thing yu need is a plan（至于怎么做，你首先需要的是一个计划）呼应，可知表示"第二件事是概述你需要学习的材料"的选项F符合前后的语序，the first thing和The secnd thing是关键词，故选F。
（3）推理判断题。根据前文T find ut if yu understand what yu have been studying，try wrking with smene else wh will ask yu questins abut the material.If yu can answer and explain withut t much effrt then yu are prepared（为了了解你是否了解你一直在学习的内容，试着与其他人合作，他们会向你提问有关材料的问题。如果你可以不费太多的力气就回答和解释，那么你就做好了准备），可知表示"通常，这样做会显示需要更多关注和学习的内容"的选项G符合前后的语境，ding this代指answer and explain，故选G。
（4）推理判断题。根据前文On the mrning f the exam，wake up abut thirty minutes earlier s that yu can d a quick refresher f sme f the main pints frm yur exam review.These last thirty minutes keep the infrmatin fresh in yur mind withut wearing yu ut（考试当天早上，提前三十分钟醒来，这样你就可以快速复习考试复习中的一些要点。这最后三十分钟让你的信息保持新鲜，不会让你筋疲力尽）；以及后句Yu need t be healthy and careful t d yur exam well（你需要保持健康和认真才能做好考试），可知表示"吃一顿健康的早餐"的选项D符合前后介绍考前准备事项的语境，On the mrning f the exam和Eat a full breakfast是关键词，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据前句Yu will feel mre cnfident and in cntrl（你会感到更加自信和掌控感）；以及后半句yu are mre likely t d better in the exam（你更有可能在考试中考得更好），可知表示"当你感觉如此"的选项A符合前后的语境，feel as such代指mre cnfident and in cntrl，故选A。
本文是一篇说明文。作者介绍了考试前需要做的一些准备工作。
这是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。
21~35.【答案】A、C、B、D、C、A、C、B、A、D、D、B、C、A、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.patients病人；B.ladies女士；C.adults成年人；D.partners合作者。句意：医生为年轻患者定制他们最喜欢的卡通人物、运动队等的图像。根据上文中的"Kids are ften stressed and scared when they break a bne，but Luis Ruiz makes getting a cast（打石膏）fun at Children's Hspital Ls Angeles."可知是"病人"。故选A项。
（2）考查动词及语境理解。A.revise复习，修正；B.make使让，制造；C.draw绘画；D.cancel取消。句意：大约十年前，一个小男孩要求鲁伊斯在他的石膏上画一张快乐的笑脸。根据下文中的"Yu knw what，I'm really nt gd at drawing."可知，这里指的是小患者让他画画。故选C项。
（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.nurse护士；B.by男孩；C.reprter记者；D.dctr医生。句意：他告诉男孩，"你知道吗，我真的不擅长画画。我宁愿不要。我可能会搞砸它。"根据上文中的"Abut ten years ag，a little by asked Ruiz t（2）a happy face n his cast."可知，这里指的是让他画画的小男孩儿。故选B项。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.set设置；B.mix混合；C.clean清洁；D.mess弄乱。句意：他告诉男孩，"你知道吗，我真的不擅长画画。我宁愿不要。我可能会搞砸它。"根据上文中的"Yu knw what，I'm really nt gd at drawing.I'd rather nt."可知，不想把事情搞砸。故选D项。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.preferred偏爱；B.attempted尝试；C.cntinued继续；D.recmmended推荐。句意：男孩继续坚持要笑脸，所以鲁伊斯最终同意了。根据下文中的"…t insist n a smiley face…"可知，男孩很坚持，所以应为"继续"符合语境。故选C项。
（6）考查副词及语境理解。A.finally最后；B.persnally个人地；C.cnfidently自信地；D.curiusly好奇地。句意：男孩继续坚持要笑脸，所以鲁伊斯最终同意了。根据下文中的"The little by was （7）with the results."可知，最后同意了男孩儿的请求。故选A项。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.disappinted失望的；B.prepared准备好的；C.pleased高兴的；D.tired疲惫的。句意：小男孩对结果很满意。根据下文中的""It lit him up!" Ruiz remembers."可知，男孩应该对结果很满意，be pleased with意为"对……满意"符合语境。故选C项。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.advised建议；B.inspired激励；C.enabled使够；D.allwed允许。句意：这欢乐的时刻启发了鲁伊斯，他向所有骨折进医院的孩子们提供了石膏图。根据上文中的"That mment f jy"可知此事给了鲁伊斯一些启发，所以才有了下文中的"…t ffer cast drawings t all the kids wh came int the hspital with（9）bnes."。故选B项。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.brken折的；B.strng强壮的；C.extra额外的；D.bad坏的。句意：这欢乐的时刻启发了鲁伊斯，他向所有骨折进医院的孩子们提供了石膏图。根据上文中的"Kids are ften stressed and scared when they break a bne，but…"可知，此处指的是伤到骨头的孩子们。故选A项。
（10）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.came alng出现，一起来；B.gt n上车，进展；C.let ff放出，宽恕；D.went by经过。句意："但随着时间的流逝，逐渐地我画得越来越好，以至于现在我几乎可以做他们要求的任何事情。"根据下文中的"little by little"可知，此处指的是随着时间的推移。故选D项。
（11）考查名词及语境理解。A.sight视力；B.distance距离；C.base基础；D.pint点，阶段。句意："但随着时间的流逝，逐渐地我画得越来越好，以至于现在我几乎可以做他们要求的任何事情。"根据下文中where引导的定语从句"…where nw I can almst d anything they ask fr."可知，此处指的是鲁伊斯绘画所能达到的阶段。故选D项。
（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.ugly丑陋的；B.smiley微笑的；C.lnely孤独的；D.smelly发臭的。句意：从第一张笑脸开始，鲁伊斯已经画了成千上万个肖像图，他说，最好的作用是"带来很多微笑"。根据上文中的"The by（5）t insist n a smiley face，"可知是笑脸。故选B项。
（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.view观点；B.fact事实；C.part角色，作用；D.cmment评论。句意：从第一张笑脸开始，鲁伊斯已经画了成千上万个模型，他说，最好的作用是"带来很多微笑"。根据下文中的"…"bringing thse smiles. ""可知，"给孩子们带来快乐"是绘画最大的作用和意义。故选C项。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.bring带来；B.wish希望；C.lend借出；D.mail邮寄。句意："孩子们只是给我带来快乐，"鲁伊斯补充道。"我是一个有趣的人，我自己内心也是一个小孩，我喜欢玩得开心，并且让孩子们微笑，他们也让我微笑。"根据上文中的"…the best（13），he says，is "bringing thse smiles".可知是带来快乐。故选A项。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.hsts主人；B.kids孩子；C.parents父母；D.myself我自己。句意："孩子们只是给我带来快乐，"鲁伊斯补充道。"我是一个有趣的人，我自己内心也是一个小孩，我喜欢玩得开心，并且让孩子们微笑，他们也让我微笑。"根据上文中的"That mment f jy（8）Ruiz t ffer cast drawings t all the kids wh came int the hspital with （9）bnes."可知是"孩子们"。故选B项。
本文是一篇记叙文。讲述的是一名医生给自己骨折小病人打的石膏上画一些肖像图，给孩子们带来了快乐，也给自己带来了快乐。
近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅，用词得当，意思正确。
36.【答案】【小题1】where
【小题2】frm
【小题3】cnnects
【小题4】lking
【小题5】be shared
【小题6】t take
【小题7】a
【小题8】less
【小题9】r
【小题10】cmmunities
【解析】（1）考查定语从句。句意：在这些空间里，当地人可以互相分享食物，节省新鲜食物，避免浪费。空处引导定语从句，从句中结构完整，应用关系副词引导，先行词是spaces在从句中做地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
（2）考查介词。句意：在这些空间里，当地人可以互相分享食物，节省新鲜食物，避免浪费。此处考查固定短语：save frm意为"使免受"。故填frm。
（3）考查动词时态主谓一致。句意：社区冰箱网络连接了全英国300个社区冰箱。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以cnnect做本句谓语，主语是The Cmmunity Fridge Netwrk，为第三人称单数，描述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时。故填cnnects。
（4）考查现在分词。句意：它为想要安装自己冰箱的人提供指导，并为经营冰箱的团体提供支持。本句已有谓语动词ffer，所以lk应该用非谓语形式，根据句意知，此处应该用现在分词做后置定语。故填lking。
（5）考查动词语态。句意：当然，为了保证安全，有一些规则规定什么可以分享，什么不能分享。本句缺少谓语动词，所以share做本句谓语，主语是what和share之间是被动关系，又空前是情态动词can，后接动词原形。故填be shared。
（6）考查动词不定式。句意：但除此之外，欢迎你拿走你需要的东西，留下任何可能会被扔进垃圾桶的东西。本句已有谓语动词are，所以此处是固定搭配：be adj.t d sth.意为"做某事是怎么样的"。故填t take。
（7）考查冠词。句意：根据在2022年4月15日食品基金会的一项调查5%的英国家庭食物不安全，这意味着他们吃得比平时少，或者一天没有食物，因为他们无法获得或负担得起食物。survey是可数名词，句中用的单数，前应该用不定冠词修饰，为辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
（8）考查形容词。句意：根据在2022年4月15日食品基金会的一项调查5%的英国家庭食物不安全，这意味着他们吃得比平时少，或者一天没有食物，因为他们无法获得或负担得起食物。根据空后的than可知，此处应该用比较级。故填less。
（9）考查连词。句意：根据在2022年4月15日食品基金会的一项调查5%的英国家庭食物不安全，这意味着他们吃得比平时少，或者一天没有食物，因为他们无法获得或负担得起食物。access和affrd两者在句子成分上是并列关系，应该用连词连接，又本句是否定句，表选择，应该用r。故填r。
（10）考查可数名词的复数。句意：在困难时期，几乎所有的成本都大大增加，知道社区正在团结起来，尽可能地互相帮助是令人欣慰的。本句是that引导的宾语从句，从句缺少主语，所以空处应填名词做主语，又根据谓语动词are，可知，主语应该用复数形式。故填cmmunities。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是社区冰箱和社区冰箱的好处。
做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。
37.【答案】Dear Bb，
Hw is everything ging？I am happy t knw that yu're interested in hw we celebrate the Spring Festival lcally.（写信目的）
The Spring Festival is the mst imprtant festival fr Chinese peple.S we will make preparatins almst half a mnth ahead f time.We buy varius New Year gds as well as d thrugh cleanings t welcme the New Year.On the eve f the Spring Festival，every family will have a reunin dinner.（介绍当地欢度春节的方式） During the Spring Festival，it is a custm t visit relatives and friends. 【高分句型一】As a result，I sincerely invite yu t visit my hme if yu are free then.【高分句型二】（邀请他来你家做客）
I am lking frward t yur reply.（盼望）
Yurs，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一：During the Spring Festival，it is a custm t visit relatives and friends.
译文：春节期间，探亲访友是一种习俗。
分析：这句话使用了it作为形式主语，不定式内容t visit relatives and friends是真正的主语。
高分句型二：As a result，I sincerely invite yu t visit my hme if yu are free then.
译文：因此，如果你那时有空，我诚挚地邀请你来我家做客。
分析：这句话使用了if引导的条件状语从句。
这是一篇提纲类作文，需要写的内容已经给出，但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的翻译，而是要添加些内容，使文章看起来更充实，要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文，一定要谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括，缺一不可。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。同时注意要求的字数，不要太多也不要太少。
38.【答案】Hwever，she culdn't help thinking abut it.But she culdn't find the curage t g ver t the neighbr's huse and ask what her last name was r wh her birth father was. 【高分句型一】Until ne day，Hillary ended up seeing the wman's last name n ne f their deliveries.Amazingly，it was Jhnsn!Hillary gt excited，and she immediately called her husband t let him knw she had just fund her sister.Harris knew she had t ask the wman directly，but she was wrried abut being refused. （作者试图寻找细节证实邻居是否自己分别多年的妹妹）
S，when Jhnsn went ut f twn，Hillary texted her，asking abut her father's name.Indeed，it was Wayne Cluse.That night，the tw wmen talked and cried n the phne.Neither f them culd believe that，after all these years，they had just stumbled upn each ther.Ever since they fund ut they were sisters，the tw wmen have been inseparable.They advise anyne wh is lking fr their birth family t just knck n the neighbrs' dr-yu never knw. 【高分句型二】It ges t shw that yu shuld always be kind and respectful t yur neighbrs.Wh knws，they culd end up being a lng-lst relative.（作者与邻居直接沟通，证实她们确实就是分别多年的姐妹关系）
【解析】本文以情感发展为线索展开，讲述了作者与邻居关系不和睦，偶然从邻居的名字发现他们是分别多年的姐妹。
高分句型一
But she culdn't find the curage t g ver t the neighbr's huse and ask what her last name was r wh her birth father was.
翻译：但她没有勇气去邻居家问她姓什么，或者她的生父是谁。
分析：使用了动词不定式短语t g ver t the neighbr's huse作定语。
高分句型二
They advise anyne wh is lking fr their birth family t just knck n the neighbrs' dr-yu never knw.
翻译：他们建议任何想要寻找自己亲生家庭的人去敲邻居的门——谁知道呢。
分析：使用了wh引导的定语从句。
解题方法点拨
（1）品读原文，确定文章线索
每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索。如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜（结尾）"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求
一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此次短文续写的具体要求，如词数限制使用几处标有下划线的关键词语。续写段落的首句提示，这样考生可以做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路
根据文章后面的要求，再次快速阅读短文，抓住文章的思路结合段首的提示语最终确定续写段落的思路。同时结合文章画线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句
在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中画线的关键词拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性，语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
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