2023届贵州省3 3 3高考备考诊断性联考（一）英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2023届贵州省3 3 3高考备考诊断性联考（一）英语试题（解析版），共23页。
2023届“3+3+3”高考备考诊断性联考卷(一)
英语
注意事项：
1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。
3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
注意，听力部分答题时请先将答案标在试卷上，听力部分结束前你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the man plan to do?
A. Choose a new course. B. Start a new project. C. Read newspapers.
2. What will the woman do next?
A. Buy some coffee. B. Pick the man up. C. Make a cake.
3. What does the man want?
A. Some cash. B.A new phone. C. A credit card.
4. Who might Elsa be?
A. The man’s wife. B. A famous painter. C. The man’s daughter.
5. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.In a hospital. B. On a football field. C. At the speakers’ house.
第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白听两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient. B. Strangers. C. Friends.
7. What will the speakers probably do next?
A. Have dinner together. B. Go to the hospital. C. Help Mike sit down.
听下面一段对话，回答第8至第10题。
8. Which club did the woman go to last weekend?
A. The football club. B. The cooking club. C. The theater club.
9. What will the man work as in the new school play?
A. An actor. B. A director. C. A lighting designer.
10. What day is it today?
A. Thursday. B.Friday. C. Saturday.
听下面一段对话，回答第11至第13题。
11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Boss and employee. B. Classmates. C. Host and guest.
12. What do the speakers have in common?
A. They are technology lovers.
B. They seldom watch TV shows.
C. They like asking teachers questions.
13. How old was the woman when she started her business?
A. 14. B. 20. C. 24.
听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17题。
14. What does the man seek advice on?
A. Ways to lose weight.
B. Ideas for Christmas gifts.
C. Places to meet new friends.
15. How does the man feel about joining a gym?
A. Disappointed. B. Anxious. C.Excited.
16. What activity is the man probably good at?
A. Hiking. B. Biking. C. Lifting weights.
17. What does the woman usually do on Sundays?
A. Take a break. B. Go for a run. C. Fish by a river.
听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20题。
18. How did the speaker learn to sing songs?
A. From a music club.
B. From online resources.
C. From the musician Dave.
19. What did most people do when the speaker played music on streets?
A. They laughed at her.
B. They gave her some money.
C. They stopped by to enjoy the music.
20. Why did the speaker refuse Dave’s offer?
A. She still wanted to write songs and perform in public.
B. She was planning on an around-the-world tour.
C. She didn’t think she was capable of the role.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
More than 2,600 enterprises gathered and presented their advanced products at the China International Import Expo (CIIE). And many innovative products have made their world premiere. Let’s have a look at three of them.
Quick corona-virus test machine
Nucleic acid testing could be faster in the future. King Fisher Apex, made by the Finnish tech company Thermo Fisher Scientific,can complete the extraction of 96 nucleic acid samples in just 15 minutes. The tester can purify nucleic acid and protein automatically to save researchers’ time spent on additional steps, significantly improving nucleic acid test efficiency. Also, the system eliminates manual intervention. The risk of exposure to harmful re-agents or biological samples, such as blood,is greatly reduced for medical staff.
Myopic (近视) prevention glasses
Here comes a lifesaver for teenagers with poor eyesight — a myopic control lens. Whether it’s a classroom blackboard or a tablet,an outdoor activity or a mobile phone game, the Stellest lens from Essilor, a French company, keeps the same control effect, with changeable viewing angles and constant visual clarity. The lens can create a beam in front of the retina that will slow down the increase of the eye axis. Therefore, the development of myopia can be contained.
Portable kayak
A folding,portable,18-kilogram“backpack”can be inflated into a kayak. The safe, lightweight ITIWIT X500 Kayak,made by Decathlon,a French sports goods group, makes kayak racing accessible to the majority. It consists of five“air chambers”, so even if two of them don’t work, the inflatable kayak will help passengers safely return to land.To solve long-standing problems in the kayak industry — from lack of durability to overall insufficient performance — the company applied a special metal processing technology to its product. The ITIWITX500 Kayak’s V-shaped bottom makes this product long-lasting and tough.
1. Whose safety is largely guaranteed by King Fisher Apex?
A. The tester. B. Researchers.
C. Medical staff. D. The COVID-19 infected.
2. What do we know about the Stellest lens?
A. It is designed for people with poor eyesight.
B. It can be a cure for adolescent myopia.
C. Its control effect is mainly determined by viewing angles.
D. It may keep teenagers from developing high myopia.
3. Which part ensures the durability of the portable kayak?
A. Its air chambers. B. Its V-shaped bottom.
C. Its light weight. D. Its portable feature.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。2600多家企业齐聚中国国际进口博览会，展示各自的先进产品，文章分享了其中三款全球首秀的黑科技产品，分别是快速新冠检测仪，近视防控镜片和便携皮划艇。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Quick coronavirus test machine部分“The risk of exposure to harmful re-agents or biological samples, such as blood, is greatly reduced for medical staff.(医务人员接触有害试剂或血液等生物样品的风险大大降低)”可知，King Fisher Apex可以保障医务人员的安全。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Myopic prevention glass部分“The lens can create a beam in front of the retina that will slow down the increase of the eye axis. Therefore, the development of myopia can be contained.(这个镜片可以在视网膜前面产生一束光，减缓眼轴的增长。因此，近视的发展是可以控制的)”可知，近视眼控制镜片可以控制近视的发展。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Portable kayak部分“The ITIWIT X500 Kayak’s V-shaped bottom makes this product long-lasting and tough.(ITIWITX500 Kayak 的 V 形底部使得这款产品经久耐用)”可知，V 形底部的设计可以使得这个东西持久使用。 故选B。
B
Many artists draw with pens and brushes, but few “paint”with knives. Wang Jing, a woman from Shenyang city in northeast China’s Liaoning Province, has been engaged in this novel art form for 27 years.
In 1995, Wang was inspired by an accidental cut by a knife on a piece of red paper, which left a white line, and believed that she may have created something out of the ordinary. Using knives and paper, she then completed a painting of a pair of peacocks that later became a source of motivation for her 27-year endeavor.
Unlike traditional paintings,onto which colors are “added”, “knife painting”uses blades to take away colors on specially made coated paper. “Knife painters”apply varied pressure on the paper in different directions to create different colors and tones.“Painting on paper with knives is a delicate art and each line in the painting is as thin as a hair,” said Wang, adding that once the marks are left on the paper, they cannot be covered, so it requires the painter to be completely absorbed in the work.
The novel art form was known to few people just after Wang created it. Even Wang herself was not expecting to make it something big at the beginning. But thanks to her huge enthusiasm for the art form, she has persisted with it for the past 27 years. So far, she has completed hundreds of paintings about auspicious Chinese culture, figures, landscape, flowers and birds, of which her favorite is a 2.8-meter-long painting that depicts 20 lifelike egrets. Wang said she will continue working in the craft and make it known across the world.
4. What powers Wang in her 27-year devotion to knife painting?
A. The accidental cut. B. The white line.
C. The painting of peacocks. D. The red paper.
5. What can be learned about knife painting from paragraph 3?
A. It features using regular paper to create colors.
B. It challenges knife painters’ concentration.
C. It bears no difference to traditional paintings.
D. It requires painters to apply identical pressure.
6. How does Wang feel about her achievements?
A. Unexpected. B. Reasonable.
C. Sufficient. D. Praiseworthy.
7. Which can best describe Wang?
A. Persistent and aggressive. B. Optimistic and caring.
C. Enthusiastic and humble. D. Creative and ambitious.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是王静从事纸上刀绘艺术已经27年了，这一切都诞生于王静的裁纸刀不小心划到红色卡纸，出现了一道白色的线条。27年来，纸上刀绘艺术在王静的努力下不断成长，她立志让更多人了解其魅力和价值，争取让这门艺术走向世界。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Using knives and paper, she then completed a painting of a pair of peackcks that later became a source of motivation for her27-year endeavor. (然后，她用刀和纸完成了一幅一对孔雀的画，这幅画后来成为她27年努力的动力来源。)”可知，王静最初完成的孔雀图成为了她27年来不断努力的动力源泉。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段““Painting on paper with knives is a delicate art and each line in the painting is as thin as a hair,” said Wang, adding that once the marks are left on the paper, they cannot be covered, so it requires the painter to be completely absorbed in the work.(用刀在纸上画画是一种微妙的艺术，画中的每条线都像头发一样细，”王说，她补充说，一旦痕迹留在纸上，它们就无法被掩盖，所以要求画家完全专注于工作。)”可知，因为留在画上的痕迹无法被遮盖，故需要画家在创作时全身心投入，即用刀在纸上作画对画家的专注力来说是一个挑战。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Even Wang herself was not expecting to make it something big at the beginning.(就连王自己一开始也没想过能把它做成大事。)”可知，王静最初并未预料到将纸上刀绘做大做强，故对于她的成就感到是意料之外的。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章可知，王静作为纸上刀绘艺术家很有创造力，并根据最后一段最后一句话“Wang said she will continue working in the craft and make it known across the world.(王说她将继续从事这门手艺，让全世界都知道它。)”可知，她立志让这门艺术走向世界，故她是有雄心壮志的。故选D项。
C
Agricultural pests that devour key food crops are advancing northwards in the US and becoming more widespread as the climate hots up, new research reports. The corn ear-worm is considered to be among the most common farm pests in the US, damaging crops such as maize, cotton, soya and other vegetables. It spends winter underground and is not known to survive in states beyond a latitude of 40 degrees north, but that is changing as soils warm and it spreads to new areas, according to research led by north Carolina State University.
Researchers created maps that showed three distinct geographical zones across the US — the “southern range” where corn ear worms survive winter, a “transitional zone” where they may survive winter, and “northern limits”, where they are generally unable to survive winter because soil temperatures drop below freezing.
Researchers already knew that warmer winter soils meant insects that live in the soil are more likely to survive. “As the climate changes, the overwintering zones are likely to shift northward,” said the coauthor Anders Huseth, an entomologist at North Carolina State University. The southern range has grown by 3% since 1981 and is predicted to double in size by the end of the century,as the other zones get smaller, according to the report.
This could result in increased use of pesticides and lower yields. “If intensive maize production does not also shift north with changing climate, we expect that corn ear worm will become a more frequent and important problem in these states,” said Dr. Douglas Lawton, a co-author of the report.
“Organic growers have a major challenge controlling this pest and often accept significant crop losses when infestations are high,” he said. Monitoring soil temperatures could help predict the spread of pests, helping farmers control them more effectively, the report suggests.
Huseth said: “We’d like to come up with a letter forecasting tool for this pest, along with a risk-prediction model, in order to better inform growers of pest spread. Success here could reduce both costs for farmers and pesticide into the environment.”
8. Why does the author mention the corn ear worm in paragraph 1?
A. To show they are harmful. B. To explain why they are changing.
C. To echo the findings of a new research. D. To complain the change of the climate.
9. What can we learn about southern range?
A. It will double in size in the future. B. It has increased to 3% since 1981.
C. It is likely to advance southwards. D. It is larger than other zones.
10. What effect would “monitoring soil temperatures” have on growers?
A. Predictable. B. Beneficial. C. Risky. D. Challenging.
11. What is the text mainly about?
A. The effect of climate change on pest survival.
B. The effect of the prediction model on pest spread.
C. The effect of the use of pesticides on food security.
D. The effect of global heating on pest spread.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是一项最近的研究称：在美国，因为气候变暖，土壤温度升高使得害虫在冬季的存活率上升，并且虫害从温暖的南部地区不断向北扩散以及由此带来的农作物损失惨重的后果和能够采取的措施。
8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Agricultural pests that devour key food crops are advancing northwards in the US and becoming more widespread as the climate hots up, new research reports. (新的研究报告称，随着气候变暖，吞噬主要粮食作物的农业害虫正在美国北部蔓延，并变得更加广泛)”可知，一项研究发现随着气候变暖，农业害虫正在向北扩散；根据第二句和第三句“The corn earworm is considered to be among the most common farm pests in the US, damaging crops such as maize, cotton, soya and other vegetables. It spends winter underground and is not known to survive in states beyond a latitude of 40 degrees north, but that is changing as soils warm and it spreads to new areas, according to research led by north Carolina State University.(螟蛉被认为是美国最常见的农场害虫之一，会破坏玉米、棉花、大豆和其他蔬菜等作物。根据北卡罗来纳州立大学领导的研究，它在地下过冬，不知道在北纬40度以上的州生存，但随着土壤变暖，它正在向新的地区扩散)”可知，螟蛉就是常见的害虫之一，随着土壤温度的升高，螟蛉不断向新的地区扩散。由此推知，作者在第一段讨论earworm是作为例子印证新研究的发现。故选C项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“The southern range has grown by 3% since 1981 and is predicted to double in size by the end of the century, as the other zones get smaller, according to the report. (该报告称，自1981年以来，“southern range”面积增加了3%，预计到本世纪末，随着其他地区面积越来越小，其面积将翻一番)”可知，未来“southern range”的范围会变成现在的2倍。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“Monitoring soil temperatures could help predict the spread of pests, helping farmers control them more effectively, the report suggests.(报告指出，监测土壤温度有助于预测害虫的传播，帮助农民更有效地控制它们)”可知，监控土壤温度对种植着来说是有利的。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“Agricultural pests that devour key food crops are advancing northwards in the US and becoming more widespread as the climate hots up, new research reports. (新的研究报告称，随着气候变暖，吞噬主要粮食作物的农业害虫正在美国北部蔓延，并变得更加广泛)”提出话题——气候变暖使得农业害虫正在美国北部蔓延，并变得更加广泛；文章二、三段主要讲气候变暖使得农业害虫正在美国北部蔓延的趋势，第四段“This could result in increased use of pesticides and lower yields.(这可能导致农药使用量增加和产量下降)”讲的是农业害虫正在美国北部蔓延所带来的后果；最后两段主要讲的是应对措施。由此可知，本文主要围绕着全球气候变暖对于害虫传播的影响来展开。故选D项。
D
The mountain bongo antelope, one of the world’s most endangered animals, is likely to continue roaming in the wild of Kenya for longer due to intensified efforts to protect it from extinction.
Following 18 years of conservation efforts, staff members from the Mount Kenya Wildlife Conservancy reached a milestone this year—the first baby mountain bongo born in the wild. One of the world’s most unique animals,the mountain bongo is the largest, heaviest and most colorful of the forest antelopes in Africa. Endemic to equatorial forests and only found in Kenya’s wild, this species has seen a dramatic decline in numbers in the last few decades from an estimated population of 25,000 to less than 100, according to a recent wildlife census in Kenya. Before the beginning of this decline in the 1960s, these critically endangered animals once roamed freely in Kenya’s high-altitude forests of the Aberdares, Mount Elgon and Mount Kenya. Its population decline was primarily human-driven.
To reverse the decline, the Mount Kenya Wildlife Conservancy has geared up efforts in partnership with the Kenyan government to save the mountain bongo from extinction through a breeding and rewinding program. Robert Aruho, head of Mount Kenya Wildlife Conservancy,said its aim is to restore Kenya’s heritage species.
“As we speak, the mountain bongo antelope has suffered massive decline and we are left with less than 100 of the species in the wild. What makes this animal special is that it is only found in the wild in Kenya and its decline in this area therefore means its decline in the world,” said Aruho, adding that the animal is believed to be extinct in most of its natural habitats.
“Our program has taken the animals through a series of adaptation measures to enable them to acclimatize to life in the wild as opposed to zoos. This involved getting used to local food and adapting to local parasites and diseases. This has enabled them to breed and produce offspring that are indigenous to this environment.”
With the first phase of adaptation being complete, the conservancy will move to the second phase which entails introducing the antelopes to the wild.
12. What does the underlined word“roaming”in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Declining. B. Wandering.
C. Struggling. D. Decreasing.
13. What can be learned about the mountain bongo antelope?
A. It can be only found in the wild in Kenya.
B. It is unique to the subtropical rainforest.
C. The decline of its population was caused by climate change.
D. It is the largest and most colorful of the forest antelopes in the world.
14. What will the staff members from the program probably do next?
A. They will help the mountain bongo antelope get used to local food.
B. They will assist the mountain bongo antelope in adapting to the local disease.
C. They will put the mountain bongo antelope back to the zoo.
D. They will bring the mountain bongo antelope to the wild environment in Kenya.
15. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. An Endangered Antelope B. The Kenyan Forests
C. Efforts Paying Off D. Harmony with Nature
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是在科学家们的努力下世界上最濒危动物之一山地邦戈羚羊又可以继续在肯尼亚的大草原上悠闲地漫步了。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段“The mountain bongo antelope, one of the world’s most endangered animals, is likely to continue roaming in the wild of Kenya for longer due to intensified efforts to protect it from extinction.(山地邦戈羚羊是世界上最濒危的动物之一，由于加强了保护其免于灭绝的努力，它可以更长时间的在肯尼亚的大草原上漫步。)”可知，由于科学家们的努力山地邦戈羚羊的数量正在增加，所以可以推测这种羚羊可以继续生活在草原上，B项Wandering意为“漫步，徜徉”，与roaming意思相近。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“One of the world’s most unique animals, the mountain bongo is the largest, heaviest and most colorful of the forest antelopes in Africa. Endemic to equatorial forests and only found in Kenya’s wild(作为世界上最独特的动物之一，山地邦戈是非洲最大、最重、色彩最丰富的森林羚羊。赤道森林特有，仅在肯尼亚野外发现。)”可知A项正确，B项不对，D项不对；根据第二段最后一句“Its population decline was primarily human-driven.(它的数量下降主要是人为因素造成的。)”可知羚羊数量下降的基本原因是人类，所以C项不对。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据本文最后一段“With the first phase of adaptation being complete, the conservancy will move to the second phase which entails introducing the antelopes to the wild.(随着第一阶段适应工作的完成，保护区将进入第二阶段，即将羚羊引入野外。)”可知接下来这个项目的工作人员将把山地邦戈羚羊带到肯尼亚的野生环境中。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段“The mountain bongo antelope, one of the world’s most endangered animals, is likely to continue roaming in the wild of Kenya for longer due to intensified efforts to protect it from extinction.(山地邦戈羚羊是世界上最濒危的动物之一，由于加强了保护其免于灭绝的努力，它可以更长时间的在肯尼亚的大草原上漫步。)”概括全文，指出由于科学家们的努力，山地邦戈羚羊由恢复了以往的生机，第二段主要讲的是科学家们的努力终于有了回报——迎来了的第一只在野外出生的山地邦戈羚羊宝宝同时对山地邦戈羚羊面临的危险处境进行乐简单介绍；三、四、五和六段讲的是科学家们为保护山地邦戈羚羊所做出的努力。纵观全文可以看到文章主要在围绕着科学家们的努力终于让山地邦戈羚羊恢复生机来展开。C项Efforts Paying Off概括全文内容，作为文章题目最为合适。故选C项。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Losing Confidence?4 Steps to Regain Confidence
Oh, those voices in our heads! You know the ones. They whisper words of judgment and doubt. ____16____ So, what can we do when we’re losing confidence?
Step 1:Figure out the root cause.
____17____ So, take the time to become aware of your environment and your relationships so that you can identify the negative influences that need to be addressed.
Step 2: ____18____
Humans tend to remember and reflect more on the negatives in life — past pains, experiences, or failures. So, for this exercise, you want to force yourself to write down things you have done in your past that have gotten you to where you are today. No moment is too small.
Step 3: Strike a pose.
In the elevator, hallway, or the bathroom you visit on your way to whatever it is that has shaken your faith in you and your abilities, you do what she told me was called “the Wonder Woman pose”.
Simply put, you stand straight, take up some space, put one hand on each hip, chin tilted upward, breathe in, and be present. ____19____ It’s one of the power poses by social psychologist Amy Cuddy.
Step 4:Just say “no”.
Losing confidence means you’ve given your power away. And one of the fastest ways to take back your power is to utter a tiny two-letter word: NO. Start off small. ____20____ Then just say “no” to it.
A. Hold this pose for a few minutes.
B. Are you still feeling upset?
C. Reflect more on the negatives in life.
D. Is looking through your social media doing some damage to your mental state?
E. Knowing why you’re losing confidence is key to regaining it.
F. Everyone lacks confidence occasionally.
G. Remember who you are.
【答案】16 F 17. E 18. G 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了四个可以让你重获信心的方法。
【16题详解】
根据后文“So,what can we do when we’re losing confidence? (那么，当我们失去信心的时候，我们能做什么呢？)”可知，此处讲述的是失去信心的情况。由此可知，选项F.“每个人偶尔都会缺乏自信。”能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选F。
【17题详解】
空处处于段首，所以应该起概括段落的内容。结合段落标题“Figure out the root cause(找到根本原因)”可知，此处讲述的是要找到让你丧失信心的根源。由此可知，选项E.“知道为什么你正在失去自信是重新获得自信的关键。”和段落标题的意义相符，符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主题句。结合段落主题句式的特点，此处也用祈使句。结合下文“So, for this exercise, you want to force yourself to write down things you have done in your past that have gotten you to where you are today. No moment is too small. (所以，在这个练习中，你要强迫自己写下你过去做过的事情，这些事情让你走到了今天。任何时刻都不能太短暂)”可知，此处讲述的是一定要认识自我。由此可知，选项G.“记住你是谁。”强调要认识自我，符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据后文“It’s one of the power poses by social psychologist Amy Cuddy. (这是社会心理学家 Amy Cuddy 的强力姿势之一)”可知，一个姿势也可以让你重获信心。由此可知，选项A.“保持这个姿势几分钟。”和后文的逻辑一致，符合语境。故选A。
【20题详解】
根据前文“Start off small(从小事开始)”及后文“Then just say ‘no’ to it. (那么对它说“不”)”可知，空处应列举说明生活小事。由此可知，选项D.“浏览你的社交媒体会对你的精神状态造成伤害吗？”通过问题形式，举出事例浏览社交媒体对人是有害的，与下文形成呼应，it代词指代社交媒体，符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Ladies and gentlemen I am honored and humbled to be speaking to you to remember the journalists and their support staff, who gave their lives to report from the war zones of the 21st century. I have been a war correspondent (战地记者) for most of my___21___life. It has always been a hard calling. But the need for front line,___22___reporting has never been more convincing.
___23___a war means going to places___24___by destruction and death, and trying to bear witness. It means taking risks, not just for yourself but often for the people who work___25___with you.
The___26___on the ground has remained remarkably the same for hundreds of years. Burned houses. Women___27___for children and husbands. Men for their wives and mothers.
Journalists reporting wars___28___great responsibilities and face difficult choices. Sometimes they pay the extreme___29___. Tonight we honor the 49 journalists and support staff who____30____ the news to us people, but were killed.
Our mission is to report wars with____31____and without prejudice. We always have to ask ourselves whether the level of risk is worth the____32____.
Many of you here must have asked yourselves,____33____be asking yourselves now, is it worth the cost in lives, heartbreak, loss? Can we____34____make a difference?
I____35____my eye in an ambush (伏击) in a war. I faced that____36____when I was injured. My answer then, and now, was that it is worth it.
We go to remote war zones to report what is____37____. The public have a____38____to know the truth. We send home that first____39____draft of history. Our mission is to____40____the truth to the public. We do have the faith because we do make a difference.
21. A. professional B. wonderful C. flexible D. miserable
22. A. imaginative B. objective C. creative D. impressive
23. A. Declaring B. Fighting C. Abolishing D. Covering
24. A. bent B. torn C. expanded D. settled
25. A. responsibly B. distantly C. closely D. hardly
26. A. scene B. building C. voice D. people
27. A. paying B. longing C. answering D. weeping
28. A. hand B. shoulder C. arm D. back
29. A. share B. price C. tax D. attention
30. A. brought B. produced C. weaved D. broke
31 A. delight B. respect C. accuracy D. generosity
32. A. time B. life C. speech D. story
33. A. and B. but C. so D. or
34. A. merely B. barely C. really D. seemingly
35. A. rubbed B. lost C. feasted D. developed
36. A. challenge B. course C. question D. reason
37. A. occurring B. fading C. changing D. missing
38. A. value B. duty C. cause D. right
39. A. rough B. fake C. scheduled D. fashionable
40. A. devote B. apply C. expose D. relate
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. D 34. C 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. A 40. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是演讲稿，主要讲的是一名战地记者向我们讲述了战地记者的使命和战地记者在报道战争时所面临的危险，尽管如此作者却认为这一切都是值得的。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我职业生涯的大部分时间都是战地记者。A. professional职业的；B. wonderful极好的；C. flexible灵活的；D. miserable悲惨的。根据空前“I have been a war correspondent (战地记者) for most of my”可知作者是在谈论自己的职业生活。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但对前线客观报道的需求从未像现在这样令人信服。A. imaginative富于想象的；虚构的；B. objective客观的；C. creative有创造力的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。根据后文“Our mission is to report wars with ___11___ and without prejudice.”可知对于前线的报道需要的是准确和不带有偏见，所以可以推断对前线的报道是客观的。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：报道一场战争意味着前往被毁灭和死亡破坏的地方，并试图作证。A. Declaring宣布；B. Fighting打斗；斗争； C. Abolishing废除；D. Covering覆盖；报道。根据前文“who gave their lives to report from the war zones of the 21st century”以及后文“Our mission is to report wars with ___11___ and without prejudice.”可知战地记者要去战争现场对战争进行报道，此处的cover相当于report，意为“报道”。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：报道一场战争意味着前往被毁灭和死亡毁灭了的地方，并试图作证。A. bent弯曲；B. torn破坏；C. expanded扩张；D. settled解决；定居。根据空后“by destruction and death, and trying to bear witness”可知战地记者要去的地方是遭受战争破坏的地方。故选B项。
【25题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这意味着要承担风险，不仅是为你自己，而且经常是为与你密切共事的人。A. responsibly负责任地；B. distantly遥远地；冷淡地；C. closely密切地；仔细地；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“Tonight we honor the 49 journalists and support staff who ___10___ the news to us people, but were killed.”可知此处表示与你紧密共事的人。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几百年来，地面上的景象一直保持着惊人的相同。A. scene场景；情景；B. building建筑；C. voice声音；D. people人们。根据后文 “Burned houses. Women ___7___ for children and husbands. Men for their wives and mothers.”可知此处指的是战争爆发时地面上房屋被毁，女人哭泣等的场景。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为孩子和丈夫哭泣的妇女。A. paying支付；B. longing渴望；C. answering回答；D. weeping哭泣。根据前文“a war means going to places ___4___ by destruction and death”以及“Burned houses.”可知战争带给人们的是家园的被破坏以及家人的死去，所以会有哭泣。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：报道战争的记者肩负着重大责任，面临着艰难的选择。A. hand传递；B. shoulder肩负；C. arm武装；D. back支持。根据空后“great responsibilities and face difficult choices”可知战地记者肩负着重大的责任。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时他们付出了极端的代价。A. share股份；份额；B. price代价；C. tax税收；D. attention注意力。根据后文“Tonight we honor the 49 journalists and support staff who ___10___ the news to us people, but were killed.”可知这49名战地记者为报道战争而献出了宝贵的生命，所以说是付出了生命的代价。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：今晚，我们向49名记者和后勤人员致敬，他们为我们带来了新闻，但却被杀害了。A. brought带来；B. produced生产；制造；C. weaved编织；D. broke打破。根据空后“the news to us people”以及后文“We send home that first ___19___ draft of history. Our mission is to ___20___ the truth to the public.”可知战地记者的主要使命就是报道战争并将战争消息带给公众。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的使命是准确而不带偏见地报道战争。A. delight高兴；B. respect尊敬；C. accuracy精确；D. generosity慷慨。根据前文“But the need for front line, ___2___ reporting has never been more convincing.”可知战地记者要客观地报道战争，所以是准确地报道。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们总是要问自己，这样的新闻报道是否值得冒险。A. time时间；B. life生命；C. speech演讲；D. story故事；新闻报道。根据前文 “Our mission is to report wars with ___11___ and without prejudice.”可知此处指的是战场上的新闻报道。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：在座的许多人一定问过自己，或者现在正在问自己，这值得以生命、心碎和损失为代价吗? A. and和；与；B. but但是；C. so因此；D. or或者。根据空前“Many of you here must have asked yourselves,”以及空后“be asking yourselves now”可知此处表示一种选择，意为现在或曾经。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们真的能有所作为吗? A. merely仅仅；B. barely勉强才能；几乎不；C. really确实；的确；D. seemingly看似；好像。根据前文“Many of you here must have asked yourselves, ___13___ be asking yourselves now, is it worth the cost in lives, heartbreak, loss?”可知战地记者对战争进行真实的报道，有时甚至会牺牲个人生命，可是这一切是否真的会对我们的世界产生影响吗？此处表示怀疑。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一次战争的伏击中失去了一只眼睛。A. rubbed摩擦；B. lost失去；C. feasted宴请；饱餐；D. developed发展；培养。根据后文 “I faced that ___16___ when I was injured.”以及前文“Journalists reporting wars ___8___ great responsibilities and face difficult choices. Sometimes they pay the extreme ___9___ .”可知战地记者会付出极大的代价，此处表示作者失去一只眼睛。故选B项。
【36题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我受伤的时候，我也面对过这个问题。A. challenge挑战；B. course课程；过程；C. question问题；D. reason原因。根据后文“My answer then, and now, was that it is worth it.”可知作者在受伤时也曾经问过自己这一切是否值得这个问题。故选C项。
【37题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们去遥远的战区报道正在发生的事情。A. occurring发生；B. fading褪色；衰退；C. changing变化；D. missing错过；想念。根据前文“___3___ a war means going to places ___4___ by destruction and death”以及“I ___15___ my eye in an ambush (伏击) in a war.”可知战地记者要求去战区报道正在发生的事情。故选A项。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：公众有权利知道真相。A. value价值；B. duty责任；C. cause原因；D. right权利。根据空后“to know the truth”和“Our mission is to ___20___ the truth to the public”可知此处指公众有权利知道战争的真相。故选D项。
【39题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们把历史的第一份草稿寄回家。A. rough粗糙的；大致的；B. fake虚假的；伪造的；C. scheduled预先安排的；定期的；D. fashionable时尚的。根据空前的“We send home that first”以及空后“draft of history.”可知战地记者送回家的是战争的粗略稿件。故选A项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的使命是向公众揭露真相。A. devote献身；致力于；B. apply申请；运用；C. expose暴露；接触；D. relate叙述；联系；涉及。根据前文“The public have a ___18___ to know the truth. We send home that first ___19___ draft of history.”以及空后“the truth to the public”可知是将战争的真相披露给公众。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For Dr. Janice Graham, an anthropologist in the Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, vaccines are more than medicine—they are social products. “___41___vaccines are developed for the public’s health, not___42___(simple) individuals, they are particularly interesting.” says Dr. Graham. “We’re making fantastic inroads in developing new vaccines for old and___43___ (emerge) diseases, but the ability to keep outbreaks___44___happening effectively when they do occur, ___45___(lie)in the social determinants of health.”
A flu vaccination is particularly important,especially during severe flu seasons. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention announced in its___46___(late)flu update on Feb.14 that flu activity is still at___47___high level. Since last October, at least 26 million Americans have suffered from the flu, resulting in the___48___(die) of at least 14,000 adults and 92 children. While flu vaccinations must be done annually, a researcher says that the effectiveness of other vaccinations adults___49___(receive)as children weakens over time,so they might find____50____(they) no longer protected.
【答案】41. Because##Since##As
42. simply 43. emerging
44. from 45. lies
46. latest 47. a
48. deaths 49. received
50. themselves
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是儿童传染病部门的人类学家Dr. Janice Graham给我们介绍了社会产品——疫苗的一些情况。
【41题详解】
考查连词。句意：“由于疫苗是为公众健康而不仅仅是个人健康而开发，因此它们特别有趣。”空处应填连词，结合句意此处表示原因，应用原因状语从句的引导词because/since/as，空处位于句首，所以首字母均需大写。故填Because/Since/As。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：“由于疫苗是为公众健康而不仅仅是个人健康而开发的，因此它们特别有趣。”空处修饰动词developed，应用副词形式，作状语。故填simply。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：“我们在开发针对老疾病和新出现疾病的新疫苗方面取得了巨大进展，但是，当疾病爆发时，有效阻止疾病爆发的能力取决于健康的社会决定因素。”结合句意空处与前面的“developing”并列，作介词in的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填emerging。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：“我们在开发针对老疾病和新出现疾病的新疫苗方面取得了巨大进展，但是，当疾病爆发时，有效阻止疾病爆发的能力取决于健康的社会决定因素。” keep…from，意为“阻止”，固定搭配。故填from。
【45题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：“我们在开发针对老疾病和新出现疾病的新疫苗方面取得了巨大进展，但是，当疾病爆发时，有效阻止疾病爆发的能力取决于健康的社会决定因素。”分子句子结构及句意可知空处应填谓语动词的形式，此处为客观陈述且句子的主语是the ability，应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填lies。
【46题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：美国疾病控制与预防中心在2月14日发布的最新流感报告中宣布，流感活动仍处于高水平。由空前的its及句意可知此处表示“最新的”，应用最高级形式latest，作定语。故填latest。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：美国疾病控制与预防中心在2月14日发布的最新流感报告中宣布，流感活动仍处于高水平。固定搭配at a high level，意为“在一个较高的水平”。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：自去年10月以来，至少有2600万美国人感染了流感，导致至少1.4万名成年人和92名儿童死亡。结合句意及空前的resulting in及空后的of at least 14,000 adults and 92 children可知应填名词的复数形式deaths，作宾语。故填deaths。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：虽然流感疫苗必须每年接种一次，但一名研究人员表示，成年人在儿童时期接种的其他疫苗的效力会随着时间的推移而减弱，因此他们可能会发现自己不再受到保护。分析句子结构及句意可知空处为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句的谓语动词，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填received。
【50题详解】
考查反身代词。句意：虽然流感疫苗必须每年接种一次，但一名研究人员表示，成年人在儿童时期接种的其他疫苗的效力会随着时间的推移而减弱，因此他们可能会发现自己不再受到保护。结合句意此处的主语和宾语为同一人，表示“他们自己”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Billy,
I’m Li Hua. I’m more than delighted to tell you some informations about the coming football match. Which is scheduled, the match will fall at 10: 00 on Sunday at our school playground this weekend but I hope you can take an active part in it. So you should make fully preparations for it. Before the match, you should to do a lot of preparation exercises, so that your body can quickly adapt the match. What’s more, carrying some hot water are necessary so that I can drink it before or after the match. I hope you won’t miss a joyful match.
Looking forward to receive your favorable reply.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】1. informations→information 2. Which→As 3. but→and 4. fully→full 5. should之后的to删掉 6. adapt之后加to 7. are→is 8. I→you 9. a →the 10. receive→receiving
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，在信中李华告诉Billy一些关于即将到来的足球赛的消息。
【详解】1. 考查名词。句意：我非常高兴地告诉你一些关于即将到来的足球赛的消息。information为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将informations改为information。
2. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：按照安排，比赛将于本周日上午10点在我们学校操场举行，我希望你能积极参加。结合句意此处为非限制性定语从句，表示“正如所计划的”且位于句首，应用关系代词As引导该定语从句。故将Which改为As。
3. 考查并列连词。句意：按照安排，比赛将于本周日上午10点在我们学校操场举行，我希望你能积极参加。结合句意此处上下句之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。故将but改为and。
4. 考查形容词。句意：所以你应该做好充分的准备。make full preparations for意为“为……做好充分的准备”，固定搭配，形容词full作定语，修饰名词preparations。故将fully改为full。
5. 考查情态动词。句意：在比赛前，你应该做大量的准备练习，这样你的身体才能迅速适应比赛。should为情态动词，其后应用动词原形，构成should do sth。故删掉should之后的to。
6. 考查介词。句意：在比赛前，你应该做大量的准备练习，这样你的身体才能迅速适应比赛。adapt to意为“适应”，固定搭配。故在adapt之后加to。
7. 考查主谓一致。句意：更重要的是，带一些热水是必要的，这样你就可以在比赛前或比赛后喝。本句主语为“carrying some hot water”，动名词短语作主语，谓语动词需要用单数。故将are改为is。
8. 考查人称代词。句意：更重要的是，带一些热水是必要的，这样你就可以在比赛前或比赛后喝。根据句意，此处指的是听话人可以在赛前或赛后喝水，所以应用人称代词you。故将I改为you。
9. 考查冠词。句意：我希望你不会错过这场欢乐的比赛。结合句意此处特指上文提到的“the coming football match”，表示特指，应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
10. 考查动名词。句意：期待收到你满意的答复。短语look forward to中的to为介词，其后应用动名词形式作宾语。故将receive改为receiving。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假如你是李华，你和你的外籍好友Andrew约好了本周末去图书馆，但是你因为临时要参加学校组织的“垃圾分类，全民行动”志愿活动而不能赴约。请根据以下要点给他写一份道歉信。内容要点：
1.表达歉意；2.简要介绍活动内容和意义；3.另约时间。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Andrew,
I have signed up for a voluntary activity themed “Trash Sorting, All Involved” and won’t be able to accompany you to the library this weekend as planned. I feel terribly sorry and want to express my deepest apology.
As you know, we students should spare no efforts in implementing the policy of garbage classification. So, I seized this opportunity without hesitation. On that day, we will go to communities to publicize the significance as well as methods of trash sorting and direct the residents to accurately distinguish different kinds of rubbish, which will take a whole day. Considering that, I’m afraid I can’t keep my word. Shall we put it off till next Sunday?
I am sorry for any inconvenience caused and hope you can accept my heartfelt apology.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本文是道歉信。因参加学校组织的志愿者活动，而不能与好朋友Andrew周末一起去图书馆，要求考生为些给Andrew写一封道歉信。
【详解】1.词汇积累
计划：plan→schedule
表达：express→covey
真诚地：heartfelt→sincere
希望：hope→expect
2.句式拓展
句式升级
原句：I have signed up for a voluntary activity themed “Trash Sorting, All Involved” and won’t be able to accompany you to the library this weekend as planned.
拓展句：I have signed up for a voluntary activity which is themed “Trash Sorting, All Involved” and won’t be able to accompany you to the library this weekend as planned.
【点睛】[高分句型1]I am sorry for any inconvenience caused and hope you can accept my heartfelt apology.(运用了过去分词作后置定语和省略连词的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]On that day, we will go to communities to publicize the significance as well as methods of trash sorting and direct the residents to accurately distinguish different kinds of rubbish, which will take a whole day.(运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
听力答案：1-5 BAACA 6-10 BCBCA 11-15 CABAB 16-20 BABCA