2022-2023学年江西省新余市高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（原卷版 解析版

这是一份2022-2023学年江西省新余市高三上学期期末质量检测英语试题（原卷版 解析版，共34页。试卷主要包含了答非选择题时，必须使用0，考试结束后，只将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。

新余市2022—2023学年度上学期期末质量检测
高三英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like?
A Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
2. What will the woman do?
A. Wash the dishes. B. Clean the toilet. C. Tidy up the books.
3. Why did people vote for the woman?
A. She is popular. B. She is clever. C. She is reliable.
4. What does the man think about engineering?
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s boring.
5. What does the man like best about the box of chocolates?
A. The size. B. The amount. C. The variety.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to Lucy’s sister?
A. She was ill.
B. She found a new job.
C. She couldn’t sleep at night.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers doing?
A. Cleaning a house.
B. Looking around a house.
C. Decorating a house.
9. What is the woman?
A A cleaner. B. A renter. C. A gardener.
10. How much is the house worth now?
A. One million dollars.
B. Four million dollars.
C. Eight million dollars.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man’s favorite video game probably?
A. Minecraft. B. Genshin Impact. C. Honor of Kings.
12. What game mode does the woman like to use when playing Minecraft?
A. Adventure Mode.
B. Survival Mode.
C. Creative Mode.
13. What does the woman suggest the man search for first when playing Minecraft?
A. Wool. B. Wood. C. Iron.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where are the speakers?
A. In the library. B. In a train station. C. In a hotel.
15. How many days will the bike ride last?
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. How will the speakers reach the hotel from the village?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bike.
17. What’s the man’s attitude towards the woman’s idea?
A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Supportive.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where is Mont-Saint-Michel located?
A. In England. B. In France. C. In Ireland.
19. When was the church built on the island?
A. In the 8th century.
B. In the 6th century.
C. In the 3rd century.
20. Why were the great walls built?
A. For shelter. B. For pleasure. C. For defense.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.
Technology in agriculture
A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.
Robots fighting Covid-19
Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.
Inventions of the youth
Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.
1. Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A. To make the most of limited space.
B. To prevent cars from being stolen.
C. To increase ground parking spaces.
D. To save building materials.
2. What can we infer from the text?
A. Human can be replaced by the robot in the future.
B. The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation.
C. All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use.
D. Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel brochure. B. A science magazine.
C. A technology textbook. D. A product advertisement.
B
Like most foreigners from English-speaking countries, Holt’s first job in China was teaching English in training centers and middle schools. Since November, 2021, he has been a teacher at New Channel, a Beijing-based language training institute. “I teach them theater,” he said.
Holt was very shy as a kid. In the first grade, he was invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet. He declined. But his teacher insisted on giving him the biggest part. “He gave me the power to empower(给予力量) myself,” Holt explained. He intended to pass on that same feeling. So he studied theater and education at the Evergreen State College in the US, and then went to Asia, first the Republic of Korea, then China.
“Teaching theater and public speaking in China is wonderful,” he said. Training aside, he and his colleagues also adapt Chinese stories, like The Monkey King, into English screenplays for students. “Children literally want to be as dramatic as possible instead of just reciting words,” he said.
But teaching is not all it’s cracked up to be. “The biggest challenge is to get the introverted (内向的) kids—or adults—to speak up,” Holt added. Making the shyest kid the director is one of his methods to build them up. And the change with them is noticeable: students who’d barely utter a word before end up being the loudest person in the room. “I love to see that turnaround,” Holt said.
His future plan is to get as many children as possible to feel more empowered, and “make theater a little bridge” between China and other countries.
Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art. “I think it’s a really powerful thing that we can all share,” he said.
4. How did Holt react when invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet?
A. He didn’t show interest in the least.
B. He joined in without any hesitation.
C. He wondered if he could play the role.
D. He turned it down owing to shyness.
5. Which of the following does Holt want to convey about theatre?
A. It can remove all barriers between cultures.
B. It can give shy children power to speak up.
C. It can help children overcome any challenge.
D. It can change conventional teaching methods.
6. What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?
A. Makes up. B. Takes over. C. Results in. D. Breaks down.
7. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A Art builds a cultural bridge. B. Theater is to be a trend in teaching.
C. Art appeals to kids in China. D. Theater will make all kids love art.
C
It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android ‘Erica’ in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.
“We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(移情，共鸣),” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics. “One way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter.”
In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.
The team tested Erica’s new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—shared laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding. The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline.
“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added. “We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”
8. Why does the text raise the question “What’s so funny” at the beginning?
A. To show opinions on funny things.
B. To encourage readers to share their ideas.
C. To emphasize the importance of being funny.
D. To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh.
9. Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “a funny bone” in paragraph 1?
A. The distinct character. B. The type of laughter.
C. The speaking style. D. The sense of humor.
10. What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system?
A Assessing the interactions based on emotions.
B. Producing a subsystem to decide whether to laugh.
C. Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica.
D. Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues.
11. What is Inoue’s attitude towards conversational AI?
A. Indifferent B. Suspicious C. Objective D. Optimistic
D
The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesn’t mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.
The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. “Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination (脱盐)?” Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.
Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder (压缩粉末), also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes—it can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed (冷凝) on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater’s salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.
KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”
12. What has Fratalocchi’s team been seeking for?
A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.
B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.
C. New industrial applications of coal.
D. Dark-colored materials for desalination.
13. How did the seawater get into the CCP block?
A. Through the tiny holes. B. Through CCP.
C. Through cotton fibers. D. Through a special cover.
14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?
A. Being eco-friendly. B. Being low-cost.
C. Being efficient. D. Being flexible.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Drinkable water will be got from the sea.
B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.
C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.
D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ___16___ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.
___17___ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family.
When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ___18___ You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient.
Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ___19___ Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ___20___
A. Cloud storage is very simple to use.
B. You will find cloud storage very cheap.
C. External hard drives can still break, or fail.
D. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.
E. Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security.
F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.
G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an____21____on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses. The old____22____, Ray, was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the____23____respondents in Welsh.
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, ____24____waving goodbye to her____25____in Wales. She continued to speak Welsh with her mum keeping a little bit of____26____. But she lost her____27____mum four decades ago and hadn’t spoken Welsh since.
____28____suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done____29____, Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal_____30_____. “She wants to_____31_____, but I know,_____32_____her age, such long-distance travel is out of the question,” said Keith. “Once she mentioned: I wish I could speak Welsh again but I_____33_____I never will. It was then that I thought I should make her wish_____34_____.”
So Keith, 70, _____35_____on social media on a group called “New York Welsh” asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum. And he was_____36_____, as well as a little shocked, to receive over 30 responses within half an hour. “Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty. A few more Welsh conversations and I think she’d be_____37_____again,” added Keith.
“When you have a parent in their nineties, you will find you two have something_____38_____: you’re both old, so I am very sympathetic to my mother’s feelings of loneliness and isolation. I’m feeling it myself.” Keith hopes to_____39_____more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to_____40_____her of her life in Wales.
21. A. apology B. indication C. appeal D. assignment
22. A. gentleman B. lady C. traveler D. explorer
23. A. lonely B. senior C. original D. enthusiastic
24. A. thus B. so C. and D. instead
25. A. relatives B. friends C. life D. tongue
26. A. home B. hope C. tension D. similarity
27. A. superb B. lovely C. beloved D. homesick
28. A. Due to B. As for C. Apart from D. In spite of
29. A. before B. randomly C. recently D. gradually
30. A. clear B. blue C. faded D. fragile
31. A. talk B. leave C. return D. quit
32. A. neglecting B. given C. assuming D. remembering
33. A. spot B. decide C. suppose D. promise
34. A. launch B. realize C. abolish D. happen
35. A. posted B. searched C. mentioned D. linked
36. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. touched D. fascinated
37. A. passionate B. stable C. casual D. fluent
38. A. in trouble B. in common C. in general D. in vain
39. A. set up B. take up C. make up D. bring up
40. A. cure B. remind C. accuse D. inform
第二节(共10小题每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water shortage is one of the____41____(great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas____42____water is scarce( 稀缺) for a month or more every year. There are two factors contributing____43____this problem: increasing global demand for water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite the increasing water usage, it____44____(predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just____45____matter of turning the tap off when you brush your____46____(tooth), or cutting your showers down to 3 minutes. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water use, with the remaining 92%____47____(fall) into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items and food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water____48____(consume) comes from the growth and production of food alone.
____49____(fortunate), there is no single go-to reference book for the exact number of liters used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors____50____(consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节，短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Not only our parents give us life, but they offer us endless love and support, always share our happiness and sorrow. I’m very grateful for my parents. I still remember once I was seriously ill, they were so worrying. Both of them kept my company the whole night. Now, I’m the senior 3 student. Luckily, my parents could understand my stressful condition and often communicate with me with encouraging word. Furthermore, they allow me enough personal space, what I appreciate so much. When I grow up, I’ll try my best to make my parents to live a happy life.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假如你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Professor Liu 为爱尔兰(Ireland)访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。作为主持人，请你写一篇开场发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；2. 简要介绍专家；2.讲座内容。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
新余市2022—2023学年度上学期期末质量检测
高三英语试题
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5.考试结束后，只将答题卡交回。
第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like?
A Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.
2. What will the woman do?
A. Wash the dishes. B. Clean the toilet. C. Tidy up the books.
3. Why did people vote for the woman?
A. She is popular. B. She is clever. C. She is reliable.
4. What does the man think about engineering?
A. It’s difficult. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s boring.
5. What does the man like best about the box of chocolates?
A. The size. B. The amount. C. The variety.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What happened to Lucy’s sister?
A. She was ill.
B. She found a new job.
C. She couldn’t sleep at night.
7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Doctor and patient.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Friends.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What are the speakers doing?
A. Cleaning a house.
B. Looking around a house.
C. Decorating a house.
9. What is the woman?
A. A cleaner. B. A renter. C. A gardener.
10. How much is the house worth now?
A. One million dollars.
B. Four million dollars.
C. Eight million dollars.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What is the man’s favorite video game probably?
A. Minecraft. B. Genshin Impact. C. Honor of Kings.
12. What game mode does the woman like to use when playing Minecraft?
A. Adventure Mode.
B. Survival Mode.
C. Creative Mode.
13. What does the woman suggest the man search for first when playing Minecraft?
A. Wool. B. Wood. C. Iron.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Where are the speakers?
A. In the library. B. In a train station. C. In a hotel.
15. How many days will the bike ride last?
A. Six. B. Seven. C. Eight.
16. How will the speakers reach the hotel from the village?
A. By train. B. By car. C. By bike.
17. What’s the man’s attitude towards the woman’s idea?
A. Doubtful. B. Worried. C. Supportive.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where is Mont-Saint-Michel located?
A. In England. B. In France. C. In Ireland.
19. When was the church built on the island?
A. In the 8th century.
B. In the 6th century.
C. In the 3rd century.
20. Why were the great walls built?
A. For shelter. B. For pleasure. C. For defense.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列材料，全科免费下载公众号《高中僧课堂》从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
A
Are you interested in robot-science? What do you think robots are capable of? Let’s have a review of world-leading technology gathered at the World Robot Conference (WRC) 2022.
Technology in agriculture
A fruit-picking robot attracted visitors’ attention. With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently. The fruit is then categorized, ending up in a basket according to its size. It is said that more robotic technology will be used in agriculture in the future, including robots for daily inspection and weeding.
Robots fighting Covid-19
Medical staff conducting nucleic acid tests often find their work toilsome, especially under the summer heat. A nucleic acid test robot developed by Tsinghua University and a Chinese biotech company was presented at the WRC. It looks like a vending machine, but the robot can collect throat swabs (拭子), process samples, as well as produce and upload the results within 45 minutes. The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.
Inventions of the youth
Those visiting the exhibit also witnessed the intelligence of a new generation. Wang Zirun, a junior student at the school, designed a three-dimensional parking facility model. Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots. The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.
1. Why is the parking facility designed like a sky wheel?
A. To make the most of limited space.
B. To prevent cars from being stolen.
C. To increase ground parking spaces.
D. To save building materials.
2. What can we infer from the text?
A. Human can be replaced by the robot in the future.
B. The WRC is intended to inspire the intelligence of a young generation.
C. All the inventions mentioned have been put into practical use.
D. Both the fruit-picking robot and the nucleic acid test robot can save manpower.
3. Where is the text probably taken from?
A. A travel brochure. B. A science magazine.
C. A technology textbook. D. A product advertisement.
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了世界机器人大会上的几款新研发的机器人。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Inventions of the youth中的“Since there are usually too few parking spaces in older residential areas, Wang’s work aims to fit more cars into current parking spots.The facility works like a sky wheel with six parking spots. When cars need to be picked up, the facility rotates steadily, placing the car on the ground.(由于老旧住宅区的停车位通常太少，王子润的作品旨在将更多的汽车安置在现有的停车位上。该设施就像一个空中摩天轮，有六个停车位。当需要取车时，该设备会稳定旋转，将汽车放置在地面上。)”可知，由于老旧住宅区的停车位太少，所以王子润设计了这样一款机器人，旨在将更多的汽车安置在现有的停车位上。由此可推之，王子润的设计目的在于最大程度地利用停车空间。故选A项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章Technology in agriculture中的“With the help of various sensors and an AI system, the robot can collect fruit according to its ripeness, quality and size. The robot first locates the fruit and then uses sensors to decide whether it is ripe, with a robotic arm picking the fruit gently.(在各种传感器和人工智能系统的帮助下，机器人可以根据水果的成熟度、质量和大小来收水果。机器人首先定位水果，然后用传感器判断它是否成熟，机械臂轻轻采摘水果。)”可知，在各种传感器和人工智能系统的帮助下，机器人可以根据水果的成熟度、质量和大小来收水果。由此可推知，这种机器人的应用可以节省人力。根据文章Robots fighting Covid-19中的“The whole process will not require the involvement of humans or laboratories.(整个过程不需要人类或实验室的参与。)”可知，用来采集核酸的机器人不需要人类或实验室的参与，这也节省了人力。由此可推知，这两种机器人都能节省人力。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。阅读文章内容可知，文章简要介绍了三款2022年世界机器人大会上出现的新研发的机器人，包括其功能和优点。由此可推知，本文最有可能出现在科学科技方面的期刊杂志上。故选B项。
B
Like most foreigners from English-speaking countries, Holt’s first job in China was teaching English in training centers and middle schools. Since November, 2021, he has been a teacher at New Channel, a Beijing-based language training institute. “I teach them theater,” he said.
Holt was very shy as a kid. In the first grade, he was invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet. He declined. But his teacher insisted on giving him the biggest part. “He gave me the power to empower(给予力量) myself,” Holt explained. He intended to pass on that same feeling. So he studied theater and education at the Evergreen State College in the US, and then went to Asia, first the Republic of Korea, then China.
“Teaching theater and public speaking in China is wonderful,” he said. Training aside, he and his colleagues also adapt Chinese stories, like The Monkey King, into English screenplays for students. “Children literally want to be as dramatic as possible instead of just reciting words,” he said.
But teaching is not all it’s cracked up to be. “The biggest challenge is to get the introverted (内向的) kids—or adults—to speak up,” Holt added. Making the shyest kid the director is one of his methods to build them up. And the change with them is noticeable: students who’d barely utter a word before end up being the loudest person in the room. “I love to see that turnaround,” Holt said.
His future plan is to get as many children as possible to feel more empowered, and “make theater a little bridge” between China and other countries.
Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art. “I think it’s a really powerful thing that we can all share,” he said.
4. How did Holt react when invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet?
A. He didn’t show interest in the least.
B. He joined in without any hesitation.
C. He wondered if he could play the role.
D. He turned it down owing to shyness.
5. Which of the following does Holt want to convey about theatre?
A. It can remove all barriers between cultures.
B. It can give shy children power to speak up.
C. It can help children overcome any challenge.
D. It can change conventional teaching methods.
6. What does the underlined phrase in the last paragraph mean?
A. Makes up. B. Takes over. C. Results in. D. Breaks down.
7. What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A. Art builds a cultural bridge. B. Theater is to be a trend in teaching.
C. Art appeals to kids in China. D. Theater will make all kids love art.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过霍尔特的故事，说明了艺术是世界文化的桥梁。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Holt was very shy as a kid. In the first grade, he was invited to “star” in Romeo and Juliet. He declined. So he studied theater and education at the Evergreen State College in the US, and then went to Asia, first the Republic of Korea, then China.
(霍尔特小时候很害羞。一年级时，他被邀请出演《罗密欧与朱丽叶》。他拒绝了。)”可知，霍尔特小时候很害羞，所以当他被邀请出演《罗密欧与朱丽叶》时，他拒绝了。故选D项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的““He gave me the power to empower(给予力量) myself,” Holt explained. He intended to pass on that same feeling.(“他给了我赋予自己力量的力量，”霍尔特解释道。他打算把同样的感受传递下去。因此，他在美国常青州立学院学习戏剧和教育，然后去了亚洲，先是韩国，然后是中国。)”根据第三段“The biggest challenge is to get the introverted (内向的) kids—or adults—to speak up,” Holt added”（最大的挑战是让内向的孩子或成年人畅所欲言）。可知，戏剧可以给害羞的孩子力量让他们可以大声地表达自己。故选B项。
【6题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art.(艺术makes for世界沟通的开始。尽管不同国家之间存在分歧，但不同国家的人们通过艺术可以很好地相处。)”可知，后一句话提到了“尽管不同国家存在分歧，但不同国家的人们可以通过艺术很好地相处”，由此可推知，艺术可以促进世界沟通，是世界沟通的桥梁，进而推知，makes for的含义与“促进、造成”一意相近。A. Makes up弥补、化妆；B. Takes over接管；C. Results in导致、造成；D. Breaks down出故障。四个选项中只有C项result in与makes for(导致、有助于、走向)含义相近。故选C项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。阅读文章内容并根据文章最后一段中的“Art makes for a universal conversation start. Despite disagreements among different countries, people from different countries can get along well through art.(艺术有助于世界沟通的开始。尽管不同国家之间存在分歧，但不同国家的人们通过艺术可以很好地相处。)”可知，本文通过霍尔特的故事说明了艺术可以促进世界文化沟通，是世界文化的桥梁。A项“Art builds a cultural bridge.(艺术架起了文化的桥梁)”最能概括本文内容。故选A项。
C
It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system. The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android ‘Erica’ in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.
“We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy(移情，共鸣),” explained lead author Dr Koji Inoue, an assistant professor at Kyoto University in the Department of Intelligence Science and Technology within the Graduate School of Informatics. “One way a robot can empathize with users is to share their laughter.”
In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.
The team tested Erica’s new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—shared laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding. The shared-laughter system performed better than either baseline.
“Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added. “We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”
8. Why does the text raise the question “What’s so funny” at the beginning?
A. To show opinions on funny things.
B. To encourage readers to share their ideas.
C. To emphasize the importance of being funny.
D. To stress the difficulty of teaching a robot to laugh.
9. Which of the following explains the underlined phrase “a funny bone” in paragraph 1?
A. The distinct character. B. The type of laughter.
C. The speaking style. D. The sense of humor.
10. What is NOT needed in the research of the shared-laughter system?
A. Assessing the interactions based on emotions.
B. Producing a subsystem to decide whether to laugh.
C. Creating brief conversations between a human and Erica.
D. Asking people to listen to the previously created dialogues.
11. What is Inoue’s attitude towards conversational AI?
A. Indifferent B. Suspicious C. Objective D. Optimistic
【答案】8. D 9. D 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本正在研究的共享笑声系统。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“It seems no one can really agree on the question of “What’s so funny?” So imagine trying to teach a robot how to laugh. But that’s exactly what a team of researchers at Kyoto University in Japan are trying to design an AI that takes its cues through a shared laughter system.(似乎没有人能在“什么这么好笑?”这个问题上达成真正的共识。想象一下教机器人如何笑。但这正是日本京都大学的一组研究人员正在尝试设计的一种人工智能，它可以通过共享笑声系统来获取线索。)”可知，人都没能在“What’s so funny”这一问题上达成共识，更不用说教机器人笑。由此可推知，文章首段提出这一问题，主要目的是强调教机器人笑的难度。故选D项。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“The scientists describe their innovative approach to building a funny bone for the Japanese android ‘Erica’ in the latest issue of the journal Frontiers in Robotics and AI.(科学家们在最新一期的《机器人与人工智能前沿》杂志上描述了他们为日本机器人“艾丽卡”制造幽默感的创新方法。 )”可知，这些科学家的的研究目的是teach a robot how to laugh，由此可推知，此处的a funny bone应是指能使人笑的某种东西。A. The distinct character鲜明的性格；B. The type of laughter笑的类型；C. The speaking style说话风格；D. The sense of humor幽默感。四个选项中只有D项与a funny bone(幽默感)含义最相近。故选D项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“In the shared-laughter model, a human initially laughs and the AI system responds with laughter as an empathetic response. This approach required designing three subsystems—one to detect laughter, a second to decide whether to laugh, and a third to choose the type of appropriate laughter. The type of laughter is also important, because in some cases a polite chuckle may be more appropriate than a loud snort of laughter.(在共享笑声模型中，人类一开始会笑，人工智能系统会以笑声作为同理心的回应。这种方法需要设计三个子系统——一个检测笑声，第二个决定是否要笑，第三个选择合适的笑声类型。笑的类型也很重要，因为在某些情况下，礼貌的轻笑可能比大声的大笑更合适。)”以及第四段“The team tested Erica’s new sense of humor by creating four different short dialogues between a person and Erica with her new shared-laughter system. Then they asked more than 130 people in total to listen to each dialogue within the three different conditions—shared laughter system, no laughter, all laughter—and evaluated the interactions based on human-likeness, naturalness and understanding.(研究小组用新的共享笑声系统创建了四段人与人之间不同的简短对话，以此来测试爱丽卡的新幽默感。然后，他们让130多人在三种不同的情况下(分享笑声系统、没有笑声、全部笑声)听每一段对话，并根据与人类相似度、自然度和理解度来评估互动。)”可知，共享笑声系统实际上是根据与人类相似度。自然度和理解度来评估互动，而非根据情绪，A项错误。故选A项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Robots should actually have a distinct character, and we think that they can show this through their conversational behaviors, such as laughing, eye gaze, gestures and speaking style,” Inoue added. “We do not think this is an easy problem at all, and it may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend.”(井上补充说：“机器人应该有独特的性格，我们认为它们可以通过对话行为来展示这一点，比如笑、眼神、手势和说话风格。我们认为这根本不是一个简单的问题，我们可能还需要10到20年的时间才能最终与机器人像与朋友一样随意聊天。”)”可知，Inoue认为要想与机器人像朋友一样随意聊天和对话，并不是一个简单的问题，可能还需要10到20年的时间。由此可推知，Inoue认为对话式的人工智能是可以实现的，但需要时间，其态度是客观的。故选C项。
D
The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity, but that doesn’t mean it no longer has valuable uses. The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.
The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi. While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation, Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. “Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination (脱盐)?” Fratalocchi recalls, still excited. Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.
Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder (压缩粉末), also CCP, which is created by breaking coal into powder, and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes—it can also be made into a desired shape. The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. When that liquid water reached the hot surface, it turned into steam which rose and condensed (冷凝) on the inside of a specially shaped cover. That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh, drinkable water. The seawater’s salt content remained behind within the CCP. A simple wash was enough to remove most of it, so the material could be reused multiple times.
KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology. The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. “CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”
12. What has Fratalocchi’s team been seeking for?
A. Fibers functioning well with CCP.
B. Green ways to desalinate seawater.
C. New industrial applications of coal.
D. Dark-colored materials for desalination.
13. How did the seawater get into the CCP block?
A. Through the tiny holes. B. Through CCP.
C. Through cotton fibers. D. Through a special cover.
14. Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress?
A. Being eco-friendly. B. Being low-cost.
C. Being efficient. D. Being flexible.
15. What does the text mainly talk about?
A. Drinkable water will be got from the sea.
B. CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.
C. Coal finds new use in desalination technology.
D. Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学(KAUST)的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海水这一新用途。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“Capable of taking in sunlight, the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose, which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.(这种黑色矿物具有吸收阳光的能力，是该团队长期以来一直在寻找的具有吸收阳光功能的深色物质的又一项)”可知，团队一直在寻找一种深黑色并且能脱盐的材料。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers, producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container, with its bottom touching water surface. While sunlight heated the black surface of the block, the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom. (该团队将CCP与天然棉纤维混合，制成一块块，然后放置在一个含有海水的容器中，其底部接触水面。当阳光加热块的黑色表面时，内部纤维帮助水从底部流入并穿过块状物)”可知，海水需要经过一个特别的纤维材料过滤，进入容器。故选C。
14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段的““CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use, besides being lightweight and highly changeable,” says team member Marcella Bonifazi. “The device’s desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system, but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.”(“CCP的性质丰富，使用合理，除了轻量级和高度多变，”团队成员Marcella Bonifazi说。“该装置每单位原料的脱盐率比任何其他太阳能脱盐系统高两到三倍，但它生产淡水的成本约为目前最先进技术的三分之一。”)”可知，材料在自然可以轻易获取，但是成本是现有方法的三分之一，可见强调的是低成本。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) is using coal for a new economy.(阿卜杜拉国王科技大学(KAUST)的团队正在将煤炭用于一种新经济)”和第二段的“Why don’t we use coal for seawater desalination (脱盐)?(我们为什么不用煤来淡化海水呢？)”可知，本文主要讲的是阿卜杜拉国王科技大学(KAUST)的团队正在探索将煤用来淡化海水这一新用途，也就是“煤在海水淡化技术中找到了新用途”，即Coal finds new use in desalination technology。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ___16___ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.
___17___ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password. This ensures your data remains secure and inaccessible to anyone else. Should you choose, you can put certain permissions in place, which makes it easy to share your data with your colleagues or your family.
When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ___18___ You can store anything digital: all your files, videos and pictures. Whether you want to use this storage solution to store your family photographs or you want to use it to store your work documentation, you will find it quite convenient.
Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ___19___ Here you also have the added risk of misplacing it or having it stolen. There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ___20___
A. Cloud storage is very simple to use.
B. You will find cloud storage very cheap.
C. External hard drives can still break, or fail.
D. It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.
E. Cloud storage providers offer multiple layers of data security.
F. The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.
G. You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.
【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. C 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了云存储是一种灵活、方便、完全放心的数据存储方式。它有很多优点，但也有唯一缺点是你需要互联网来访问文件。
【16题详解】
根据空前“Cloud storage is a flexible and convenient way to store data with complete peace of mind. ”(云存储是一种灵活、方便、完全放心的数据存储方式。）可知，介绍了云存储是一种存储方式。以及空后“ This means you can store all your digital things remotely, without taking up space on your computer.There are two options available:public cloud storage allows you to share hosting space with other users; private cloud storage is the ideal choice for companies who want to have their data stored in their own environment.(这意味着你可以远程存储所有的数字物品，而不会占用电脑空间。有两种选择:公共云存储允许您与其他用户共享托管空间;私有云存储是希望将数据存储在自己环境中的公司的理想选择。)可知，This means 是指前面云储存的将数据存储在托管服务器上的方式。故D项“It enables you to store your data on hosted servers.”（它使您能够将数据存储在托管服务器上。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloud storage，故选D。
【17题详解】
根据空后“ Once you have registered and set up your account, you simply save your files via the internet using your username and password.”（一旦你注册并设置了你的账户，你只需使用你的用户名和密码通过互联网保存你的文件。）可知，这里解释了云存储操作简单。故A项“Cloud storage is very simple to use.”（云存储使用起来非常简单。）符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
根据空前“When you sign up to cloud storage, you can choose the amount of space you need. ”(当您注册云存储时，您可以选择所需的空间量。）可知，用户可以在云存储选择空间量的大小。故G项“You can start with a small amount and increase the storage size later on.”（你可以从少量开始，然后增加存储空间。）符合语境。故选G。
【19题详解】
根据空前“Is it better than your computer or an external drive? The answer is a definite yes. Computers crash all the time. This is the most common cause of lost work and memories. ”(它比你的电脑或外接硬盘好吗?答案是肯定的。电脑总是死机。这是丢失工作和记忆最常见的原因。）可知，云存储比电脑和外接硬盘好，先指出电脑缺点，后面要说外部硬盘的缺点。故C项“External hard drives can still break, or fail.”（外部硬盘驱动器仍然可能损坏或失效。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloud storage，故选C。
【20题详解】
根据空前“There are so many advantages to cloud computing, from the ability to access your data from wherever, whenever, to not needing expensive external storage devices. ”(云计算有很多优点，从随时随地访问数据的能力到不需要昂贵的外部存储设备。）可知，介绍了云存储很多优点，后面要转折说出它的缺点。故F项“The only disadvantage, however, is that you need internet to access files.”（然而，唯一的缺点是你需要互联网来访问文件。）符合语境。it指代前面的cloud storage，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an____21____on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses. The old____22____, Ray, was moved to tears after talking on the phone with one of the____23____respondents in Welsh.
Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, ____24____waving goodbye to her____25____in Wales. She continued to speak Welsh with her mum keeping a little bit of____26____. But she lost her____27____mum four decades ago and hadn’t spoken Welsh since.
____28____suffering from short-term memory loss and sometimes not remembering what she has done____29____, Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal_____30_____. “She wants to_____31_____, but I know,_____32_____her age, such long-distance travel is out of the question,” said Keith. “Once she mentioned: I wish I could speak Welsh again but I_____33_____I never will. It was then that I thought I should make her wish_____34_____.”
So Keith, 70, _____35_____on social media on a group called “New York Welsh” asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum. And he was_____36_____, as well as a little shocked, to receive over 30 responses within half an hour. “Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty. A few more Welsh conversations and I think she’d be_____37_____again,” added Keith.
“When you have a parent in their nineties, you will find you two have something_____38_____: you’re both old, so I am very sympathetic to my mother’s feelings of loneliness and isolation. I’m feeling it myself.” Keith hopes to_____39_____more Welsh phone conversations for his mum and Melisa has promised to send Ray some short stories in Welsh to_____40_____her of her life in Wales.
21. A. apology B. indication C. appeal D. assignment
22. A. gentleman B. lady C. traveler D. explorer
23. A. lonely B. senior C. original D. enthusiastic
24. A. thus B. so C. and D. instead
25. A. relatives B. friends C. life D. tongue
26. A. home B. hope C. tension D. similarity
27. A. superb B. lovely C. beloved D. homesick
28. A. Due to B. As for C. Apart from D. In spite of
29. A. before B. randomly C. recently D. gradually
30. A. clear B. blue C. faded D. fragile
31. A. talk B. leave C. return D. quit
32. A. neglecting B. given C. assuming D. remembering
33. A. spot B. decide C. suppose D. promise
34. A. launch B. realize C. abolish D. happen
35. A. posted B. searched C. mentioned D. linked
36. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. touched D. fascinated
37. A. passionate B. stable C. casual D. fluent
38. A. in trouble B. in common C. in general D. in vain
39. A. set up B. take up C. make up D. bring up
40. A. cure B. remind C. accuse D. inform
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章主要讲了Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，得到了大量善意的回应的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Keith McDermott急切地想帮助96岁的母亲再次说母语，在社交媒体上发出了呼吁，得到了大量善意的回应。A. apology道歉；B. indication暗示；C. appeal呼吁；D. assignment任务。根据句意，可知Keith在社交媒体发布的内容得到了大量的回应，固定搭配make an appeal意为“呼吁”，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位名叫Ray的老太太在与其中一位热情的威尔士受访者通电话后，感动地流下了眼泪。A. gentleman绅士；B. lady女士；C. traveler游客；D. explorer探险家。根据上文“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses”可知，这位96岁的老人是一位女性，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：这位名叫Ray的老太太在与其中一位热情的威尔士受访者通电话后，感动地流下了眼泪。A. lonely孤独的；B. senior年长的；C. original最初的；D. enthusiastic热情的。依据上文“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again, Keith McDermott made an appeal on social media and was met with a flood of kind responses”可知，Keith在社交媒体发布的内容得到了大量的回应，所以是热情的回应者。故选D。
24题详解】
考查副词和连词词义辨析。Ray在18岁的时候遇到了她的丈夫，于是她搬去了美国，也因此告别了她在威尔士的生活。A. thus这样，因此；B. so所以；C. and并且；D. instead而非。结合句意表示“因此”用副词thus。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ray在18岁的时候遇到了她的丈夫，于是她搬去了美国，也因此告别了她在威尔士的生活。A. relatives亲戚；B. friends朋友们；C. life生活；D. tongue舌头。根据句子含义，在18岁遇到丈夫后，她搬去了美国，所以是告别了在威尔士的生活。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她继续和母亲说威尔士语，保持一点家的感觉。A. home家；B. hope希望；C. tension紧张；D. similarity相似之处。由上文“Ray moved to America after meeting her husband when she was only 18, hence waving goodbye to her life in Wales.”可知，她在遇见丈夫后搬去了美国生活，所以和母亲用威尔士语交谈成为了唯一能保持家的感觉的来源。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但40年前她失去了深爱的母亲，从那以后她就再也不会说威尔士语了。A. superb极佳的，一流的；B. lovely可爱的；C. beloved挚爱的，深爱的；D. homesick想家的。根据“mum”和常识可知，是深深爱着的母亲。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查介词及短语词义辨析。句意：尽管患有短期记忆丧失，有时不记得她最近做了什么。Ray在威尔士的童年记忆依然清晰。A. Due to由于；B. As for关于，至于；C. Apart from除……外；D. In spite of 即使，尽管。由下文“ Ray’s childhood memories in Wales remain crystal___10___.”可知，她对童年记忆很清楚，但她患有短期记忆缺失，所以有时不记得她做过什么。该处表示让步，故选D。
【29题详解】
考查副词和介词词义辨析。句意：尽管患有短期记忆丧失，有时不记得她最近做了什么。Ray在威尔士的童年记忆依然清晰。A. before在……之前；B. randomly随机地；C. recently最近；D. gradually逐渐。根据“suffering from short-term memory loss”和常识可知，患有短期记忆丧失记不起最近发生的事情。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管患有短期记忆丧失，有时不记得她最近做了什么。Ray在威尔士的童年记忆依然清晰。A. clear清楚的；B. blue低落的；C. faded褪色的；D. fragile脆弱的。 依据“crystal”一词可知，她对于童年时期的记忆像水晶般的清晰，故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她想回去，但我知道，考虑到她的年龄，这样的长途旅行是不可能的。A. talk谈论；B. leave离开；C. return返回；D. quit放弃。根据下文“such long-distance travel is out of the question”可知，母亲想回到威尔士。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词和介词词义辨析。句意：她想回去，但我知道，考虑到她的年龄，这样的长途旅行是不可能的。A. neglecting忽略；B. given考虑到；C. assuming假设；D. remembering记得。依据下文“such long-distance travel is out of the question,”结合上文她已经96岁了可知，年龄是一个重要的考虑因素。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次她提到：我希望我能再讲威尔士语，但我想我永远不会了。A. spot看见，发现；B. decide决定；C. suppose假设，认为；D. promise承诺。根据上文“Desperate to help his 96-year-old mother to speak her mother tongue again”可知，母亲年事已高，所以认为自己不可能再说威尔士语了。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我觉得我应该让她的愿望实现。A. launch发动，发起；B. realize意识到；C. abolish废除；D. happen发生。依据下文“So Keith, 70, ___15___on social media on a group called “New York Welsh” asking for any Welsh speakers that could speak Welsh with his mum.”可知，Keith在社交媒体上发帖都是为了完成母亲的心愿——能够再说一次威尔士语，既让她的愿望发生。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，70岁的Keith在社交媒体上发帖，请求能说威尔士语的任何人和母亲说威尔士语。A. posted发布，发帖；B. searched搜索；C. mentioned提及；D. linked 链接。依据下文“on social media”可知，他在社交媒体上发布了帖子，故选A。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在半小时内他收到了三十多条回复，他既感动又有点震惊。A. puzzled困惑的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. touched感动的；D. fascinated着迷的。根据“receive over 30 responses within half an hour.”可知，得知有这么多人关注他母亲，他非常感动，故选C。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几次威尔士语的对话，我认为她会说得很流利。A. passionate热烈的；B. stable稳定的；C. casual随意的；D. fluent流利的。根据上文“Speaking with Melisa, her (Ray’s) Welsh was a little rusty. ”可知，Ray的威尔士语有点生疏，故多进行几次威尔士语的对话，她就会说得很流利了，故选D。
【38题详解】
考查短语辨析。句意：当你有一位90多岁的父母时，你会发现你们有一些共同之处：你们都老了，所以我非常同情我母亲的孤独和孤立感。A. in trouble有麻烦；B. in common共同之处；C. in general大体上；D. in vain徒劳。根据“you’re both old”可知，此处是指共同之处。故选B。
【39题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Keith希望为他母亲安排更多的电话交谈并且Melisa 也承诺会发送给他一些威尔士的故事来帮助他想起她在威尔士的生活。A. set up建立，安排；B. take up占据，从事；C. make up编造，化妆；D. bring up养育。根据上文内容可知，Keith希望能有更多的威尔士语人士和母亲交谈，即给母亲多安排几次对话。故选A。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Keith希望为他母亲安排更多的电话交谈并且Melisa 也承诺会给他讲一些威尔士的故事来帮助他想起她在威尔士的生活。A. cure治愈；B. remind提醒，使……想起；C. accuse指控；D. inform通知。结合文段可知，给她讲威尔士的故事是为了帮助她想起在威尔士的生活。故选B。
第二节(共10小题每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Water shortage is one of the____41____(great) crises facing us today, with two thirds of the global population living in areas____42____water is scarce( 稀缺的) for a month or more every year. There are two factors contributing____43____this problem: increasing global demand for water, and unsustainable means by which these demands are being met. Yet, despite the increasing water usage, it____44____(predict) that there will be a further 60%-100% increase in water usage by 2050.
This is not just____45____matter of turning the tap off when you brush your____46____(tooth), or cutting your showers down to 3 minutes. In fact, daily activities of human make up less than 4% of our total water use, with the remaining 92%____47____(fall) into two ‘invisible’ categories: the industrial production of household items and food. Astonishingly, 69% of our total daily water____48____(consume) comes from the growth and production of food alone.
____49____(fortunate), there is no single go-to reference book for the exact number of liters used in the production of any individual food item. This is a hard pill to swallow, for we have other factors____50____(consider) when weighing up the benefits of every food choice: taste, cost and convenience.
【答案】41. greatest
42. where 43. to
44. is predicted 45. a
46. teeth 47. falling
48. consumption

49. Unfortunately
50. to consider
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过分析生活和工业生产两方面的用水量来说明水资源短缺这一问题的紧迫性。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：水资源短缺是我们今天面临的最大危机之一。“one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数”是英语中的固定搭配，表示“……是……中最……之一”，故空处需要填形容词最高级。提示词为great，其最高级形式为greatest。故填greatest。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：全球三分之二的人口每年有一个月或更长时间生活在缺水地区。空处引导限制性定语从句。先行词是areas，在定语从句中作地点状语，此处需要填关系副词where引导。故填where。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：造成这一问题的因素有两个：全球对水的需求不断增加，以及满足这些需求的不可持续的手段。固定用法contribute to.表示“促成，是……的原因”，其中to为介词。故填to。
【44题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：然而，尽管全球用水量在过去五十年中已经增长了三倍，但据预测，到2050年，全球用水量将进一步增长60%-100%。分析句子成分可知，it作形式主语，代指后面的从句。从句中提到的内容和predict“预测”是被动关系；根据全文可知，时态为一般现在时。故填is predicted。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头，把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的事情了。matter是可数名词，此处是泛指，用不定冠词修饰，matter的发音是辅音音素开头，应用a；也可看作固定短语a matter of意为“一个……的问题而已”。故填a。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：这不仅仅是刷牙时关上水龙头，把洗澡时间缩短到3分钟，或者和你的室友一起洗衣服的事情了。提示词tooth意为“牙齿”，是可数名词，刷牙需要用到复数形式。故填teeth。
【47题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：事实上，人类的日常活动只占我们总用水量的不到4%，剩下的92%落在两个“看不见的”类别：家庭用品的工业生产和食品的生产。空处应用非谓语动词作宾补，固定短语fall into意为“落入、分成”，与the remaining 92%为主谓关系，故用现在分词形式表主动。故填falling。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：令人惊讶的是，我们每天总用水量的69%仅来自于食物的生长和生产。分析可知，此处应填名词作主语，表示“消耗”用consumption，daily water consumption“每天用水总量”。故填consumption。
【49题详解】
考查副词。句意：不幸的是，目前还没有一本参考书可以详细说明生产任何一种食品所需的确切公升数。分析句子可知，空处需要填一个副词来修饰整个句子，结合句意表示“不幸地”应用unfortunately。故填Unfortunately。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是一颗难以下咽的药丸，因为我们在权衡每种食物选择的好处时还有其他因素要考虑，例如味道、成本和便利性。在for引导的原因状语从句中已有谓语动词have，故空处需要填非谓语动词的形式。根据句意，空处需要表达“要考虑”，即表将来，故用consider的不定式形式。并且have sth. to do为固定用法表示“有……要……”，符合句意。故填to consider。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节，短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分
Not only our parents give us life, but they offer us endless love and support, always share our happiness and sorrow. I’m very grateful for my parents. I still remember once I was seriously ill, they were so worrying. Both of them kept my company the whole night. Now, I’m the senior 3 student. Luckily, my parents could understand my stressful condition and often communicate with me with encouraging word. Furthermore, they allow me enough personal space, what I appreciate so much. When I grow up, I’ll try my best to make my parents to live a happy life.
【答案】1.our前加do
2. share→sharing
3.for→to
4.worrying→worried
5.my→me
6.the→a
7.could→can
8.word→words
9.what→which
10.删除live前的to
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。父母不仅给了我们生命，在成长过程中还给与了无尽的爱和支持。作者讲述了父母对自己的付出，表达了对父母的感激之情。
【详解】1.考查部分倒装。句意：句意：父母不仅给了我们生命，而且给予我们无尽的爱和支持，总是分享我们的快乐和悲伤。not only置于句首时，所在的分句要进行部分倒装，将助动词/情态动词/be置于主语之前，本句陈述客观事实，且有实义动词give，故将助动词do置于主语our parents之前。故our前加do。
2.考查现在分词。句意：父母不仅给了我们生命，而且给予我们无尽的爱和支持，总是分享我们的快乐和悲伤。分析句子可知，句中已有并列谓语动词give和offer，且与share之间无连词，故用非谓语动词作状语，they与share之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故将share改为sharing。
3.考查介词。句意：我非常感谢我的父母。be grateful to sb表示“感激某人”符合句意，故将for改为to。
4.考查形容词。句意：我依然记得有一次我病得很重，他们非常担心。修饰主语they，表达人的主观感受，应用v-ed形式的形容词。故worrying改为worried。
5.考查代词。句意：他们两一整晚都陪着我。keep sb. company“陪着某人”，作keep的宾语，应用宾格形式。故my改为me。
6.考查冠词。句意：现在，我是一名高三学生。结合句意可知，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，senior为辅音音素开头的单词，故用a。故将the改为a。
7.考查时态。句意：幸运的是，我的父母能够理解我的压力状况，并经常用鼓励的话语与我交流。此处陈述现在的情况，应用一般现在时。故could改为can。
8.考查名词的数。句意：幸运的是，我的父母能够理解我的压力状况，并经常用鼓励的话语与我交流。结合句意可知，此处用名词word的复数形式表示“话语”。故将word改为words。
9.考查定语从句。句意：此外，他们给了我足够的个人空间，我非常感激。分析句子可知，第二个逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为主句所提到的事情，从句缺少宾语，应用关系代词which来引导。故将what改为which。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：句意：当我长大后，我会尽力让我的父母过上幸福的生活。make sb do表示“让某人做某事”，此处用省略to的不定式作宾补。故删除live前的to。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 假如你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Professor Liu 为爱尔兰(Ireland)访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。作为主持人，请你写一篇开场发言稿，内容包括：
1.表示欢迎；2. 简要介绍专家；2.讲座内容。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to our school!
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to our school!
I feel so delighted to be with you and have the chance to introduce our guest speaker, Professor Liu. As one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, Professor Liu knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture. Today, focusing on the theme “Chinese Traditional Culture”，Professor Liu will take us on a journey to the spiritual world of Confucius and Mencius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped and influenced our lives for thousands of years.
Let’s welcome Professor Liu with our warmest applause.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，你校邀请到了专家Professor Liu 为爱尔兰(Ireland)访问团做一个关于中国传统文化的讲座。作为主持人，请你写一篇开场发言稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴：delighted → happy/pleased/glad
有机会：have the chance →have the opportunity
著名的：famous → noted/excellent
集中：focus on→concentrate on
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：As one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, Professor Liu knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture.
拓展句：Professor Liu, who is known as one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As one of the most famous experts focusing on Chinese traditional culture in China, Professor Liu knows better than anyone else how to use the simplest lines to present the beauty and value of our traditional culture. (运用了现在分词短语作后置定语、比较结构和连接词+to do不定式作宾语的结构)
【高分句型2】Today, focusing on the theme “Chinese Traditional Culture”，Professor Liu will take us on a journey to the spiritual world of Confucius and Mencius, whose ideas and beliefs have long shaped and influenced our lives for thousands of years. (运用了现在分词短语做状语和whose引导的非限制性定语从句)