备战2023年新中考二轮英语专题导练 考点10 形容词副词填空

考点10 形容词副词填空

考点精讲

一．分析

分析近9年中考真题可知，形容词和副词在短文填空中除2016年和2013年未考查外，其余每年考查1-2道，以1道居多。其中考查了形容词原级(9年6考)，比较级(2020.75，2012.78)。副词填空除2020年和2012年未考查外，其余每年考查1～2道，考查的副词均为非ly结尾的副词，涉及时间副词、程度副词等。

针对此题型，考生首先需要分析句子结构，找出句子所缺成分，看句子是缺少形容词还是副词，再根据语境提示判断出空格处所填词的意思，最后确定答案。能正确拼写出单词是重中之重，考生平时需要牢记单词。此外，可结合以下方法来判断空格处应使用形容词还是副词。

二．做题方法

1.如何判断空格处使用形容词

(1)位于系动词、感官动词后作表语(9年4考)。如：The girl is very careful.这个女孩很细心。

(2)位于名词前作定语。如：Tell me your honest opinion.告诉我你的真实意见。

(3)位于名词后作后置定语，常用“基数词+名词（时间、度量）+形容词”结构，以说明所修饰名词的年龄、长度、深度、高度等情况。如：The wall was fifty feet wide and around sixteen feet high.这面墙有五十英尺宽，大约十六英尺高。

(4)位于复合不定代词之后作后置定语，修饰复合不定代词。如：I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。

(5)位于宾语之后作宾补，常与make，leave，keep等动词连用。如：You’d better keep the window open.你最好让窗户开着。

(6)用于固定搭配或固定句型中，如be afraid of，be famous for/as，It’s+a.+of/for+sb.+to do sth.等。如：Red wine made in France is famous for its high quality.法国出产的红酒以质优而闻名。

2.如何判断空格处使用副词

(1)修饰动词、形容词或其他副词(9年3考)。如：Be quiet!He is reading carefully..保持安静！他正在认真地读书。

(2)在句中作时间、地点、方式等状语成分。如：Good chances always hide somewhere around us.好机会总是隐藏在我们身边。

(3)位于句首或句末作状语，修饰整个句子。如：Unluckily，he was out.很遗憾，他出去了。

(4)和某些介词构成固定搭配。如：Wed better take the underground instead of walking there.我们最好乘地铁而不是步行去那儿。

真题解析

例题

1．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）—Listen! Amy, who ________ next door?

—Well, it’s Cindy. Her voice always sounds ________ just like a bird.

A．sings; sweetly B．is singing; sweet C．sings; sweet D．is singing; sweetly

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——听！Amy，谁在隔壁唱歌？——哦，那是Cindy。她的声音总是像鸟儿一样甜美。

考查动词时态以及词义辨析。根据“Listen”可知，句子用现在进行时，排除A和C选项。sweet甜美的，形容词；sweetly甜美地，副词。sound是连系动词，后接形容词作表语，故选B。

2．（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）After you take the medicine, you will be ________ to go to work.

A．enough well B．enough actively C．actively enough D．well enough

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意：你吃完药就可以去上班了。

考查词义辨析以及enough的用法。well身体好的；actively活跃地。be后接形容词作表语，排除B和C选项。enough修饰形容词时，是放在形容词的后面，故选D。

3．（2021·内蒙古内蒙古·中考真题）________ (medicine) researchers will find a way to beat COVID-19 successfully in the future.

【答案】Medical

【解析】

【详解】

句意：医学研究人员将在未来找到战胜COVID-19的方法。此空修饰名词researchers，要用形容词作定语，且位于句首，首字母要大写，故填Medical。

4．（2021·内蒙古内蒙古·中考真题）Firstly, you’d better skim the article to get the c________ thought when reading.

【答案】(c)entral

【解析】

【详解】

句意：首先，阅读时你最好浏览一下这篇文章，以了解其中心思想。根据“you’d better skim the article to get the”及首字母提示可知，此处是指“中心思想”，英语表达为central thought，用形容词central修饰其后的名词，故填(c)entral。

（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）用所给词或短语的适当形式填空

5．In the early 1830s, the man who invented a new kind of camera was Daguerre, also ________.

6．Tom couldn’t remember anything because he was ________.

7．________, Robert met his good friend in a small village of China.

8．Chinese people will celebrate the CPC’s (the Communist Party of China) ________ birthday on July 1.

9．________ silk, Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) found some gold masks in the San xingdui Ruins.

10．Lucy was late for school again. She felt ashamed and avoided ________ directly into her teacher’s eyes.

11．As one of the most well-known dances in China, the lion dance ________ for more than 2, 000 years.

12．You’d better warn your children ________ fires when they are at home alone.

13．Now Chinese brands(品牌) ________ Huawei, HuiLi and LiNing are famous for their high quality.

14．She ________ the baby down lightly on the bed and left the room quietly.

【答案】5．French

6．drunk

7．Unexpectedly

8．hundredth

9．As well as

10．looking

11．has been popular

12．to keep clear of

13．such as

14．laid

【解析】

【分析】

5．

句意：在19世纪30年代早期，发明了一种新型照相机的人是达盖尔，也是法国人。根据“the man who …was Daguerre”可知，此空应补充介绍达盖尔的情况，French“法国人”符合，故填French。

6．

句意：汤姆什么都不记得了，因为他喝醉了。根据“Tom couldn’t remember anything”及备选词可知，因为喝醉了所以什么都不记得了，was后接形容词作表语，drunk“喝醉了的”符合，故填drunk。

7．

句意：出乎意料的是，罗伯特在中国的一个小村庄遇到了他的好朋友。此空位于句首，且空格后有逗号隔开，此空应填一个副词修饰整个句子，根据“Robert met his good friend in a small village of China”可知，能在这里遇到自己的朋友是出乎意料的事，unexpectedly“出乎意料地”符合，故填Unexpectedly。

8．

句意：中国人民将在七月一日庆祝中国共产党成立一百周年。根据“Chinese people will celebrate the CPC’s (the Communist Party of China) …birthday on July 1”及常识可知，今年的7月1日是共产党的100岁生日，表示顺序要用序数词，故填hundredth。

9．

句意：除了丝绸，中国考古学家在三星堆遗址发现了一些黄金面具。根据“silk, Chinese archaeologists (考古学家) found some gold masks in the San xingdui Ruins”及备选词可知，除了丝绸之外，还发现了一些黄金面具，用as well as表示“除了”，故填As well as。

10．

句意：露西上学又迟到了。她感到羞愧，避免直视老师的眼睛。根据“She felt ashamed and avoided … directly into her teacher’s eyes”可知，不敢直视老师的眼睛，avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，故填looking。

11．

句意：作为中国最著名的舞蹈之一，舞狮已经流行了2000多年。根据“As one of the most well-known dances in China, the lion dance…”可知，舞狮是很受欢迎的一种舞蹈，for+一段时间要与现在完成时一起连用，结构为have/has done，主语“the lion dance”是单数形式，助动词用has，故填has been popular。

12．

句意：当你的孩子独自在家时，你最好提醒他们远离火。根据“You’d better warn your children … fires when they are at home alone”及备选词可知，要避开火，warn sb to do sth“警告某人做某事”，故填to keep clear of。

13．

句意：现在，中国品牌如华为、回力和李宁以其高质量而闻名。根据“Now Chinese brands(品牌) … Huawei, HuiLi and LiNing”可知，此处举例说明哪些中国品牌，故填such as。

14．

句意：她把婴儿轻轻放在床上，然后悄悄地离开了房间。根据“She…the baby down lightly on the bed”可知，此处指把婴儿放在床上，根据“left”可知，此空也应用动词过去式，故填laid。

短文改错

（2021·贵州毕节·中考真题）阅读短文。判断标有题号的每一行画线部分和漏字符号（∧）处是否有错误。如无，在该行右边横线上画一个“√”；如有（每行只有一个），则按下列情况改正（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）：

画线部分为多余的词：把该词写在该行右边的横线上并画上斜线（\）。

画线部分为错词：在该行右边横线上写出一个正确的词。

有漏字符号（∧）处缺一个词：在该词右边横线上写出所缺的词。

Recently the problem between parents and children has became more and ____1____

more serious. We can often read reports about it on the newspapers. Some ____2____

children can easy get angry with their parents, and some children even go ____3____

away ∧ home! I think the main reason is that parents and children seldom ____4____

have a talk with each other. Parents now spend more time work hard, so they ___5___

don’t have much times to stay with their children. As time goes by, they both ____6____

feel that they don’t have the same topics（话题）to talk about. In order to have ____7____

a better understanding of each other, parents should be the more patient with ____8____

your children, get to know them but love them. And for children, your parents ____9____

are the people which love you and care about you most. So show your feelings ____10____

to them and tell them what you are thinking about.

【答案】1． become

2．in

3．easily

4．from

5．working

6．time

7．topic

8．\

9．and

10．who

【解析】

【分析】

本文只要叙述父母和孩子们之间的代沟成了一个严重的问题。作者告诉家长要多关心孩子，孩子们要把自己的想法告诉家长。

1．

Recently the problem between parents and children has became more and more serious.最近，父母和孩子之间的问题变得越来越严重。此处用在has done结构中表示现在完成时，become的过去分词是become，故将became改为become。

2．

We can often read reports about it on the newspapers.我们可以经常在报纸上读到有关它的报道。in the newspapers在报纸中，固定短语，故将on改为in。

3．

Some children can easy get angry with their parents有些孩子很容易对父母生气。此处在句中修饰动词get，应使用副词形式，故将easy改为easily。

4．

some children even go away ∧ home有些孩子甚至离家出走。go away from home离家出走，固定短语，故在home前加from。

5．

Parents now spend more time work hard现在父母花更多的时间努力工作。spend time doing sth花费时间做某事，使用动名词作宾语，所以将work改为working。

6．

so they don’t have much times to stay with their children所以他们没有太多时间和孩子待在一起。time当“时间”讲时，是不可数名词，故将times改为time。

7．

As time goes by, they both feel that they don’t have the same topics to talk about.随着时间的推移，他们都觉得他们没有相同的话题来谈论。the same修饰可数名词单数，故将topics改为topic。

8．

In order to have a better understanding of each other, parents should be the more patient with your children为了更好地相互了解，父母应该对孩子更有耐心。比较级前不需要加the，故将the去掉。

9．

get to know them but love them了解他们并且爱他们。“get to know”和“love them”之间是并列关系，用and连接，故将but改为and。

10．

And for children, your parents are the people which love you and care about you most.对孩子来说，父母是最爱你、最关心你的人。此处是定语从句，先行词是people指人，引导词用who连接，故将which改为who。

突破提升

一、单项选择

1．（2021·湖南郴州·中考真题）I think ________ children learn to look after themselves, ________ it is for their future.

A．the earlier; the better B．the earliest; the best C．the early, the good

2．（2021·湖北鄂州·中考真题）—Lucy, have you changed a mobile phone with 5G?

—Yes, I think the mobile phone with 5G can send videos much ________ than the one with 4G.

A．fast B．fastest C．the fastest D．faster

3．（2021·贵州毕节·中考真题）My brother Bob is ________ hard-working than me, but I am ________ than him.

A．most; funnier B．most; funniest C．more; fun D．more; funnier

4．（2021·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—I think this book is ________ than that one.

—You’re right. I prefer that one.

A．more popular B．more useful C．less interesting D．less boring

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空

5．（2021·吉林长春·中考真题）We should speak to the old people ____________ (polite)

三、根据汉语提示填空

6．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）My grandpa’s money was ____________ (安全) locked in the drawer.

7．（2021·广西河池·中考真题）When they ________（最终）arrived at the hotel, it was midnight.

8．（2021·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）It was midnight, but he was still   ____________ (清醒) thinking about the teaching plan.

9．（2021·浙江宁波·中考真题）I often see an old man with ________（灰色）hair sweeping the road near my school.

四、多句选词填空

（2021·江苏南通·中考真题）

10．As the ________ of the popular film Hi, mom, Jia Ling is welcomed by more people.

11．Wendy once spent a year in Los Angeles for further study in her ________.

12．My pet cat likes playing with ________ tail while my pet dog loves running after balls.

13．Marie Curie’s success in the discovery of radium is ________ connected with her hard work.

14．Millie asks Andy to fix her broken bicycle, however, he is ________ about it.