中考英语（人教新目标） 现在完成时 复习课件

这是一份中考英语（人教新目标） 现在完成时 复习课件，共18页。PPT课件主要包含了说明　，B kept 等内容，欢迎下载使用。
现在完成时是由助动词have（has）+过去分词构成其否定句在Have/has后加nt. 一般疑问句把have/has提到主语前. 动词的过去分词：规则变化（和过去时一样） 不规则变化：
助动词have和has可前面的主语缩略为’ve,’s.如 they’ve, we’ve, he’s, it’s; has nt=hasn’thave nt=haven’t
不规则变化： am/is-was-been are-were-been begin-began-begun break-brke-brken d-did-dne draw-drew-drawn drink-drank-drunk drive-drve-driven eat-ate-eaten fall-fell-fallen fly-flew-flwn frget-frgt-frgtten give-gave-given g-went-gne grw-grew-grwn hide-hid-hidden knw-knew-knwn lie-lay-lain ride-rde-ridden ring-rang-rung shw-shwed-shwn see-saw-seen sing-sang-sung speak-spke-spken take-tk-taken cme-came-cme run- ran – run becme-became-becme
1。表过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,例如I have just cleaned my clthes. 我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）I have just had my breakfast. (对现在的影响：不饿)通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词 just（刚刚）, already（已经）, befre, yet（一般疑问：已经；否定句：还） never, ever等状语连用 ① I have never heard f that befre. ② Have yu ever ridden a hrse? ③ She has already finished the wrk. ④ Have yu milked the cw yet? Yes, I have dne that already. ⑤ I’ve just finished my hmewrk. ⑥ He has nt cme yet.
3.already ---------- yet 已经 用于肯定句 用于否定句，疑问句
She has nt seen this film .She has seen this film.I have cmbed my hair.Have yu cmbed yur hair .He has watched a vide.He has nt watched a vide .
2。表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态。通常和 fr（段时间）, since（点时间） 引导的时间状语连用.以及 s far, by nw, these days, in the last ten years 等连用。I have been here fr just ver tw years. He has wrked here since 1989. 从1989年，
I haven’t seen her these days. She has learnt English fr 3 years/since 3 years ag. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened t the USA in the last 350 years?
since＋一段时间＋ag＝fr＋时间段; since tw weeks ag=fr tw weeks;fr a year=since a year ag; since 2000=fr 4 years
注意点一：现在完成时与一般过去时的用法比较现在完成时表示过去的动作一直延续到现在甚至会继续下去或表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响；一般过去时表示动作发生的时间在过去。现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此，不能单纯表示过去的时间状语连用。 如：yesterday, last night, tw weeks ag等 试比较：The plane has arrived . 飞机已经来了。（说明现在的情况：飞机在这儿）The plane arrived a quarter ag. 飞机是一刻中以前来的。（强调动作发生的时间在过去）I have taught here fr fifteen years. 我在这儿已经教了十五年。（表示十五年前的动作一直延续到现在，还可能会继续。）I taught here fr a year. 我过去在这儿教过一年。（表示“我“现在已经不在这儿任教了）
Put the fllwing sentences int English.A: 火车已经开走了. B: 什么时候开走的? A: 半个小时之前开走的.A: 这本书我已经买了两年了. B: 你在哪儿买的? A: 在我老家买的.A: 你看过这部电影吗? B: 看过. A: 什么时候看的. B: 上周星期天看的.
A: The train has left.
B: When did it leave.
A: It left half an hur ag.
A: have yu seen the film?B: Yes, I have.A: When did yu see it?B: I saw it last Sunday.
A: I`ve had the bk fr tw years.B: Where did yu buy it?A: I bught it in my hmetwn.
注意点二、非延续性动词与现在完成时短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：becme, begin, buy, brrw, arrive, cme, die, fall,, get t knw, jin, leave, marry等。为了表述这种意思，我们常用相应的延续性动词have，keep等来代替非延续性动词。他入党五年了。He jined the Party five years ag .——He has been in the Party fr five years.——He has been a Party member fr five years.——it is five years since he jined the Party电影开始五分钟了。 The film began five minutes ag.——The film has been n fr five minutes.——It is five minutes since the film began
瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换
cme/g — be (in) leave — be away（frm) brrw — keep buy — haveget t knw — knw die — be dead arrive – be here/there becme—bemarry/get married (t)— be married (t)begin t wrk/study/live – wrk/study/leavefall asleep/get t sleep — be asleepjin+组织— be in +组织/be a member f+组织Be pen/clse—be pened/clseBegin/end——be n/ver
短暂性动词和持续性动词互换
=His father has been dead fr tw years.His father died tw years ag.=It is tw years since his father died.=Tw years has passed since his father died.
1.I have brrwed the bk fr 2 weeks. ( )2.The film has begun fr 5 minutes.( )
A B C
A B C
3. 这辆自行车我买了两年了。 I’ve _____ the bike _____ tw years.
4. He left Nanjing tw years ag. He _____ _____ _____ _____ Nanjing fr tw years.
5. The mnkey died last mnth. The mnkey _____ _____ _____ fr a mnth.
6. A: Hng lng _____ yu ____ ( ) B: Tw weeks. A.did,get ill B. have,fallen ill C. were,ill D. have,been ill
had fr
has been away frm
has been dead
注意点三：have been in, have been t 与have gne t 的用法1、have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多长时间）”，现在仍在那里。常与表示一段时间的状语连用。例如：Mr. Brwn has been in Shanghai fr three days. 布朗来上海已经有三天了。They have been in Canada fr five years. 他们到加拿大有五年了。2、have( has)been t表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了。可与just, ever, never等连用，例如：I have just been t the pst ffice. 我刚才去邮局了。Mary has never been t the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城。Have yu ever been t Hangzhu befre? 你以前曾经去过杭州吗？Have (has) been t 后面可接次数，表示去过某地几次。例如：They have been t that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。3、have (has) gne t 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，例如：----Where is Tm? ----He has gne t the bkshp. 他到书店去了。Jack Jhnsn has gne t Lndn. 杰克.约翰逊到伦敦去了。
1.where is Jim? He Wuhan.2. My parents the Great Wall twice. They like there very much. yu ever t the Happy valley?Hw lng Peter the West Hill farm?My sister the shp. She will be back in tw hurs.She Shanghai. She isn’t here.She Shanghai. She is here.She Shanghai fr tw years
have been t
has been t
has been in