高中英语人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters同步训练题

Unit 4 NATURAL DISASTERS

4.2 Discovering Useful Structures

一、基础巩固

I.单词拼写

1. Located at the foot of a v_________, the village has developed dendrobium, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine.

2. Conflict among the four adults and two boys could e__________ at any time, but Shan said that while they argued about issues they never fought.

3. To make their businesses work, the high-tech companies need a good s__________ of educated workers and excellent infrastructure（基础设施）.

4. T__________ hits S. Korea after Japan battered.

5. I ate food stored in my refrigerator and when that ran out I s________ on packaged food such as biscuits and instant noodles

6. Fast forward three years, Layak village, which is 180 kilometers away from Saga county in the southwestern part of Tibet, now have t______ that readily provide potable water at the "top of the world".

7. To reduce losses of the coming typhoon Haishen, the province has prepared e_________ supplies, which are worth over 130 million yuan ($18.9 million) across the province.

8. I personally believe these are times to be c________ and for all of us to work together in the same direction.

9. He usually wears a black, handmade jacket, with a white scarf on his head and a copper（铜） tobacco p ________ in his mouth.

10. The boy was seen in an online video being taken out of the rubble（瓦砾） by a masked firefighter wearing a f___________ on his helmet（头盔）.

II.单句语法填空

1.Since the old man has stopped breathing，there is little ________ I can do for him.

2.I get along well with the boy________ does well in maths.

3.Do you know the lady ________ our English teacher is talking to now?

4.We’re collecting money for those ________ homes were destroyed by the earthquake.

5. Doing anything is better________ doing nothing.

6.I visited the school yesterday ____ was built fifty years ago.

7.The girl ________ is speaking to the whole class is our monitor.

8.Yesterday was one of the coldest days________ I have ever known.

9.There are a total of 1,000 workers in this company，two thirds of ________are women.

10.I miss the teachers and the kindergarten ________ my parents think highly of.

III.短语填空

pipe lines, provide for, go through, in danger, put away

wake up, on hand, used to, power lines, in the open air

1. The tunnel measures 12.6 kilometers. It will serve as an underground channel for _______________ of power.

2. Trees and ___________ were brought down and rail and road lines blocked, as the unusual summer weather did great damage, with Wales and Northern Ireland suffering the worst.

3. She __________ return to the coastal city every Friday for two-day classes from 8:30 am to 7 pm on weekends, but now her course is available online.

4. Sometimes we have to _______________these enlightening （使人领悟的）experiences in life.

5. You might be better able to cope with food  _______________than in a store where smells are trapped inside.

6. Keep a basic grocery list ________so it's easy for someone else to go to the store for you and have favorite recipes ready to email to anyone who offers to cook for you.

7. "So I suggest that you all ___________ your mobile phones, and read at least for 30 minutes every day," she added.

8. “I'm super passionate. This is my job. This is what I _________ to do. This is what I train to do 365 days of the year.” Williams said afterwards.

9. When life is _________, protecting human rights and people's right to development is not possible.

10. Shaanxi province has asked senior middle schools to __________ AIDS prevention education ________ students.

IV.完成句子

1. 这是我在这儿旅行时住过的旅馆。

This is the hotel ______________ when I was travelling here.

2. 杰克是她最好的朋友，从他那里她借了一辆车旅行。

Jack was her best friend ____________________________.

3. 这就是我正在找的那本书。

This is the very book ________________________.

4. 我们将学习唐朝时写的一些中国诗歌。

We are going to learn some Chinese poems ____________________ in the Tang Dynasty.

5. 她是通过考试的女孩之一。

She is one of the girls ______________________________.

V.高考链接

1.They were well trained by their masters _________ had great experience with caring for these animals.(2019·全国Ⅲ)

2.The students benefitting most from college are those _____ are totally engaged(参与) in academic life.(2019·北京)

3.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 _________ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.(2018·全国Ⅰ)

4.Many westerners _________ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.(2018·浙江)

5.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. (江苏)

6.The little problems ________we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.(2017·北京)

二、拓展提升

I.阅读理解

A

Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In September,1923，Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in China’s Shaanxi Province in 1556.It killed almost one million people.

We measure an earthquake’s strength on the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious.

The Earth’s crust is made up of rock called plates. As these plates move，they sometimes crash against each other，causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo，where small quakes happen quite often，many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the Earth moves，they move with it.

Earthquakes can also break up gas and oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out，which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis. These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many metres high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities. China，Japan，Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence(发生) of earthquakes in the world.

1.The passage is mainly about         .

A. scientists who study earthquakes

B. a usual natural disaster

C. the way of measuring earthquakes

D. what people should do in earthquakes

2.From the passage，we can know that earthquakes         .

A. happen all over the world

B. are not serious

C. most possibly happen in Japan

D. don’t cause much damage

3.According to the passage，we know that tsunamis         .

A. can cause earthquakes

B. can be caused by earthquakes

C. only happen on land

D. are a way of measuring earthquakes

II.短文填空

Last year when Tom graduated from school，he came to Sydney. He didn’t like to work on his father’s farm and hoped 1.        (find) a job in the big city. He went from one company to 2.         but no one wanted him. With little money 3.        (leave)，he got to the station，sad and 4.        (tire). All he wanted to do was to go back to his small town. It was very late at night and the station was full of people. They were waiting to buy tickets of 5.         last train. He bought the last ticket，and he was very happy.

At that time，a woman with a 6.        (cry) baby walked to him and asked him to sell her the ticket. He gave her the ticket because he thought they needed it more than he 7.        (do).After the train left，he sat on the bench and didn’t know where to go.8.        (sudden)，an old man came and said，“Young man，I have seen 9.         you did to the woman. I am the 10.        (own) of a big company. I need a good young man like you. Would you like to work for me？”

III.短文改错

What to do when an earthquake occurs

“Drop, Cover and Hold On!” Turn out from windows, mirrors, and other glass to protect your face from shards. Standing in doorways, the “Triangle of Life,” and running outside are methods proven by the American Red Cross to be outdated, likely to increase injury.

If you are in bed, stay there and cover his head with a pillow.

If you are driving, pull over, stop the car, and set the emergency break. Stay in the car when the shaking stops. If a power line falls on your vehicle, stay inside until help arrive.

If you are in an elevator, stop at the nearest floor and get out. Then drop(伏地), cover（遮挡）, and hold on（手抓牢）.

If you are in a stadium or theater, remain in your seat until the shaking stops and then go away calm.

If outdoors, stay clearly of possible dangers including cars, bridges, power lines, structures, trees, and loose rock (landslides).

If you are on a city sidewalk, go into a doorway to stay out of the street while avoiding fall pieces.

If you by the beach and shaking lasts for more than 20 seconds, or the shoreline moves gradually away, leave immediately for high ground because of the earthquake could be causing a tsunami.

IV.写作

假设你是李华，福建省某中学高中学生，今年暑假将前往澳大利亚参加主题为WATER FOR LIFE

的交流活动。请你以参访代表的身份，根据以下图片提示，用英语写一篇发言稿。

注意：1． 根据图片的内容适当展开，以使行文连贯；

      2． 开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数；

      3． 文中不能出现考生的具体信息；

      4． 词数：120左右

参考词汇：短缺 shortage；资源 resource

Ladies and gentlemen,

     Good morning, I'm Li Hua from Fujian, China, It's my great honor to be here to say something about the global water shortage and ways of dealing with it.

     _____________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________________

     That's all. Thank you.

答案

一、基础巩固

I.单词拼写

1.volcano 2.erupt 3.supply

4.Typhoon 5.survived 6.taps

7.emergency 8.calm 9.pipe

10.flashlight

II.单句语法填空

1.that 2. that/who 3.that/whom/who

4.whose 5. than 6. that/which

7.who/that 8.that 9.whom 10.that

III.短语填空

1.pipe lines 2.power lines 3.used to

4.Go through 5.in the open air 6.on hand

7. put away 8.wake up 9.in danger

10.provide…for

IV.完成句子

1.This is the hotel (that/which) I stayed at when I was travelling here.

2.Jack was her best friend from whom she borrowed a car to travel.

3.This is the very book that I am looking for.

4.We are going to learn some Chinese poems that/which were written in the Tang Dynasty.

5.She is one of the girls who have passed the exam.

V.高考链接

1.who/that 2.who 3.that/which 4.who/that

5.whose 6.that

二、拓展提升

I.阅读理解

语篇解读:

　在历史上中国和日本都曾发生过强烈的大地震，本文介绍了地震这种自然灾害。

1.答案　B

解析　主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了地震这种自然灾害，在世界各地，每年都会发生成百上千次的地震，故选B。

2.答案　A

解析　细节理解题。通读全文并根据常识可知B、C、D三项错误，由文章第一句“Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world.”可知A项正确。

3.答案　B

解析　细节理解题。从末段第三句“Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis(海啸).”可知B项正确。

II.短文填空

语篇解读:

　本文是一篇记叙文。汤姆毕业后到大城市找工作，却四处碰壁。在车站，他帮助了一位女士，这个行为帮助他找到了工作。

1.答案　to find

解析　考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth. 意为“希望做某事”，为固定用法。

2.答案　another

解析　考查代词。分析语境可知，此处指“从一个公司到另一个公司”，故应填不定代词another。

3.答案　left

解析　考查非谓语动词。此处为with的复合结构，money与leave之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故应填过去分词形式。

4.答案　tired

解析　考查形容词。由前面的sad可知，此处是形容词形式作状语，再由句意可知，此处表示“(人)感到疲惫的”，故填tired。

5.答案　the

解析　考查冠词。特指最后一班车，用定冠词the。

6.答案　crying

解析　考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词crying作定语，修饰baby，表示“一个正在哭泣的婴儿”。

7.答案　did

解析　考查动词的时态。根据前面的thought和needed可知，此处应用一般过去时。

8.答案　Suddenly

解析　考查副词。此处为置于句首的副词，在句中作状语，故填Suddenly。注意首字母大写。

9.答案　what

解析　考查宾语从句连接词。所填词引导宾语从句并在从句中作宾语，表示事情用what。

10.答案　owner

解析　考查名词。句意为：我是一家大公司的老板。故填其名词形式owner，意为“所有者，物主”。

III.短文改错

1.out→away 2. his→your 3.when→until 4.arrive→arrives

5.a→an 6.calm→calmly 7.clearly→clear 8.fall→falling

9.you   are 10.of