初中英语中考复习 专题23 任务型阅读回答问题-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（解析版）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题23 任务型阅读回答问题-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（解析版），共25页。
专题23 任务型阅读回答问题



【母题来源1】 【2020 • 北京中考】
【母题原题】This 12-year-old Girl Built a Robot to Find Plastics in the Ocean

Anna Du was walking along the beach when she noticed plastics there. She reached down to pick them up, and quickly realized there were many more tiny pieces than she could deal with. It seemed impossible to clean them all up.
Du, 12 years old at the time, tried to solve the problem like any good scientist—first, by doing a little research. That’s how she learned that 8 million tons of plastics end up in the oceans every year.
Then she got to work building something that could help solve the problem; a remote-operated vehicle(遥控潜水器), or ROV. Her ROV can move through water and find plastics on the ocean floor.
The actually cool part of Du’s ROV is the detection(探测) system. She uses a camera along with three different kinds of light to find the plastics. She also uses visible(可见的) light to find unnatural colors that might make the plastics stand out.
“She has a very good engineering sense to break down a problem like this and then go after it,” says engineer Casey Machado. “It sounds simple, but it’s a level of thinking that’s really amazing. ”
Du started attending public events and workshops at a university when she was five years old, and so she picked up the engineering skills necessary to build her ROV. She says actually getting her ROV to move through water well was not easy. She failed many times, but she never gave up trying and testing.
When asked about future plans, she mentions wanting to address the effects of climate(气候) change. “I think there are a lot of problems that could be solved with new inventions,” says Du.
Du thanks her parents, who for years have taken her to student outreach activities, for supporting her interest in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM). She says she has been able to meet students and scientists there.
“I know I want to be an engineer because I like building things to help solve world problems,” says Du. “But I’m not sure what kind of engineer I want to be yet.”
34. What did Anna Du notice while walking along the beach?
35. How old was Du when she did a little research to solve the problem?
36. What can Du’s ROV do?
37. Why does Du want to be an engineer in the future?
38. What made Du succeed in building her ROV?
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要讲Anna Du十二岁时就制作了自己的遥控潜水器，她从小就对STEM感兴趣，长大后想成为一名工程师，帮助解决世界问题。
34. She noticed plastics.
【解析】根据第1段中“Anna Du was walking along the beach when she noticed plastics there.”可知Anna Du在海滩散步的时候注意到了塑料。故答案为：She noticed plastics.
35. At the age of 12. / When she was 12 years old.
根据第2段中“Du, 12 years old at the time, tried to solve the problem like any good scientist—first, by doing a little research.”可知Du做了一点调查来解决这个问题的时候，她12岁了。故答案为：At the age of 12. / When she was 12 years old.
36. It can move through water and find plastics on the ocean floor.
【解析】根据第3段中“Her ROV can move through water and find plastics on the ocean floor.”可知Du的ROV能够在水中移动，找到海底的塑料。故答案为：It can move through water and find plastics on the ocean floor.
37. Because she likes building things to help solve world problems.
【解析】根据最后一段中Du的话“I know I want to be an engineer because I like building things to help solve world problems”可知她想要成为一名工程师是因为她喜欢制造东西来帮助解决世界问题。故答案为：Because she likes building things to help solve world problems.
38. Her good engineering sense to break down a problem, the engineering skills necessary to build it, her persistence(not giving up) and her parents' support.（另外答出the careful observation, the awareness of protecting the oceans也可酌情给分）
【解析】根据第5段中“She has a very good engineering sense to break down a problem like this and then go after it”可知她在解决问题方面有良好工程悟性；根据第6段中“and so she picked up the engineering skills necessary to build her ROV”可知她学会了建造ROV所需的工程技术；根据第6段中“She failed many times, but she never gave up trying and testing.”可知她不轻言放弃；根据倒数第2段中“Du thanks her parents, who for years have taken her to student outreach activities, for supporting her interest in science, technology, engineering and math (STEM).”可知Du的父母很支持她。这几点都是她成功制作ROV的重要因素。故答案为：Her good engineering sense to break down a problem, the engineering skills necessary to build it, her persistence(not giving up) and her parents' support.（另外答出the careful observation, the awareness of protecting the oceans也可酌情给分）
【母题来源2】【2020 •贵州黔东南州】
【母题原题】Madame Curie(居里夫人)
Marie is a famous woman in the world. She made a lot of important contributions(贡献) to the development of humans. She was born in Poland in 1867. Her father worked as a middle school headmaster and taught math and physics, so she enjoyed and did well in these 2 subjects at school. Marie went to study in Paris University in 1891. She studied math and physics there and met a scientist called Piere Curie. They got married in 1895. From then on, she was called Madame Curie. Together, Piere and Marie discovered radium(镭).
In 1903, Marie became the first woman to win the Nobel Prize. Then, in 1904, Piere became a member of the "Academie Francaise"(法兰西学院). But Marie was not accepted by them because women were not allowed to become members at that time. In 1906, Pierre died in an accident, but Marie went on working until she died in 1934.
Madame Curie is our hero. Not only did she discover radium but also won the Nobel Prize twice in her lifetime.
71. What subjects did Marie's father teach in a middle school?
72. Where did Marie go to study in 1891?
73. When did Marie become the first woman to win the Nobel Prize?
74. Was Marie Curie accepted by the "Academie Francaise"?
75. How many times did Madame Curie win the Nobel Prize in her lifetime?
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文简要介绍了居里夫人的生平及她对世界的贡献。
71. Marie's father/He taught math and physics. /Math and physics.
【解析】题干句意：Marie的父亲在一所中学教什么科目？
根据上文Her father worked as a middle school headmaster and taught math and physics可知她父亲是一名中学校长，教数学和物理，故答案为：Marie's father/He taught math and physics. /Math and physics.
72. Marie/She went to study in Paris University. /In Paris University.
【解析】题干句意：玛丽1891年去哪里学习？
根据上文Marie went to study in Paris University in 1891. 可知玛丽1891年去巴黎大学学习。故答案为：Marie/She went to study in Paris University. /In Paris University.
73. Marie/She became the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in 1903. /In I903.
【解析】题干句意：玛丽什么时候成为第一个获得诺贝尔奖的女人？
根据上文In 1903, Marie became the first woman to win the Nobel Prize. 可知在1903年，玛丽成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。故答案为：Marie/She became the first woman to win the Nobel Prize in 1903. /In I903.
74. No, she wasn't. /No.
【解析】题干句意：玛丽·居里被“法兰西学院”接受了吗？
根据上文Then, in 1904, Piere became a member of the "Academie Francaise"(法兰西学院). But Marie was not accepted by them because women were not allowed to become members at that time. 然后，在1904年，皮埃成为法兰西学院的成员。但玛丽没有被他们接受，因为当时不允许妇女成为会员。可知玛丽没有被法兰西学院接受，故答案为：No, she wasn't. /No.
75. Madame Curie/She won the Nobel Prize twice. /Twice. /Two times.
【解析】题干句意：居里夫人一生中获得过多少次诺贝尔奖？
根据上文 Madame Curie is our hero. Not only did she discover radium but also won the Nobel Prize twice in her lifetime. 居里夫人是我们的英雄。她不仅发现了镭，而且一生中两次获得诺贝尔奖。可知居里夫人一生中获得过两次诺贝尔奖，故答案为：Madame Curie/She won the Nobel Prize twice. /Twice. /Two times.
【母题来源3】【2020 •黑龙江省龙东地区】
【母题原题】In recent years, with the development of technology, many popular apps（应用程序）have been produced. These days, an app has caught great attention. It is Douyin, a video sharing app. Douyin first appeared in 2016. Now it is many people's favorite app, especially the young.
With Douyin, users can record videos, edit（编辑）them and share them online. It is very easy and interesting. We can share our videos with our friends with just a tap on the mobile phone screen. What's more, it's a great way to spend our free time by looking through those funny videos.
However, every coin has two sides. The app also has bad things. On the one hand, some people spend long hours on the app, which is harmful to their health. On the other hand, users can also find some bad things on the app. Such thing is unhealthy and unsuitable.
In my opinion, Douyin should check the videos before they are uploaded（上传）in order to keep a healthy environment for its users. Douyin is not good for teenagers. We should not use it too often.
Answer the questions according to the passage.
76. When did Douyin first appear in China?
77. Is Douyin a photo taking app?
78. Can we share our videos on the television or on the mobile phone screen?
79. Douyin is harmful to those people who spend long time on it isn't it?
80. How does Douyin keep a healthy environment for its users?
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了一款当前风靡全国的手机应用程序——抖音，通过这个APP用户可以录制视频、编辑视频并在线共享，但事物有两面性，作者建议为了保持健康的环境，视频上传之前应经过审核。
76. In 2016.
【解析】题干：抖音第一次出现在中国是什么时候？
根据上文Douyin first appeared in 2016. 抖音第一次出现在2016年。故答案为：In 2016.
77. No, it isn’t.
【解析】题干：抖音是拍照应用吗？
根据上文It is Douyin, a video sharing app. 可知抖音是视频分享的APP，不是拍照APP，故答案为：No, it isn’t.
78. We can share our videos on the mobile phone screen.
【解析】题干：我们能在电视或手机屏幕上分享我们的视频吗？
根据上文We can share our videos with our friends with just a tap on the mobile phone screen. 只要在手机屏幕上点击一下，我们就可以和我们的朋友分享我们的视频，由此可知我们只能通过手机分享视频，故答案为：We can share our videos on the mobile phone screen.
79. Yes, it is.
【解析】题干：抖音对那些花了很长时间在上面的人是有害的，对吗？
根据上文some people spend long hours on the app, which is harmful to their health. 可知有些人花很长时间在抖音上，这对他们的健康有害。故答案为：Yes, it is.
80. Douyin should check the videos before they are uploaded.
【解析】题干：抖音应该如何为用户保持健康的环境？
根据上文Douyin should check the videos before they are uploaded（上传）in order to keep a healthy environment for its users. 可知抖音应在上传视频前做下审核，以便为其用户保持健康的环境。故答案为：Douyin should check the videos before they are uploaded.
【母题来源4】【2020 •湖南省常德市】
【母题原题】

My dear friends,
I’m writing to invite you to my new house in the country. You know, my family and I moved into our country house one month ago. The kids are planning to give a party at our new house. I hope all of you can come. The party will begin at 11:00 a.m. on Saturday. There will be lots of food and drinks.
Together with this letter is a map to our house. After you get off train, take the road in front of the station. Follow it and you’ll see a chicken farm. Don’t make any turns. Keep going and you’ll see a bridge. Cross the bridge and there will be a big tree on your left. Walk past the tree, take the first right turn, and then walk for five more minutes. You’ll see several houses. My house is at the end of the road, next to the river.
Angelica
56. Why did Angelica invite her friends?
______________________________________________________________
57. When will the party begin?
_____________________________________________________________
58. Is there a chicken farm near the train station?
________________________________________________________________
59. Where does Angelica live, at P1, P2 or P3?
________________________________________________________________
60. How will the kids feel at the party on Saturday?
_______________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文是一封安吉莉卡写给朋友参加乔迁派对的邀请信，信里附上一张如何到她新房子的地图，并且具体说明了家庭地址。
56. Because they are planning to give a party at her new house.
【解析】根据You know, my family and I moved into our country house one month ago. The kids are planning to give a party at our new house，可知，安吉莉卡一个月前搬到了新房子，孩子们打算在新房子里开派对，所以安吉莉卡邀请朋友参加派对。故答案为Because they are planning to give a party at her new house.
57. The party will begin at 11:00 a.m. on Saturday.
【解析】根据The party will begin at 11:00 a.m. on Saturday，可知，派对在周六的上午11点开始，故答案为The party will begin at 11:00 a.m. on Saturday.
58. Yes, there is.
【解析】根据After you get off train, take the road in front of the station. Follow it and you’ll see a chicken farm，可知，在火车站附近有一个养鸡场，所以答案是肯定的，故答案为Yes, there is.
59. P1.
【解析】根据After you get off train, take the road in front of the station. Follow it and you’ll see a chicken farm. Don’t make any turns. Keep going and you’ll see a bridge. Cross the bridge and there will be a big tree on your left. Walk past the tree, take the first right turn, and then walk for five more minutes，可知，下了火车后，沿着车站前面马路一直走，会看到一个养鸡场，不要转弯继续走，会看到一座桥。走过这座桥，在左手边有一棵大树，走过这棵大树，在第一个路口右转，然后再走五分钟，根据这个路线，可推断，安吉莉卡住在P1，故答案为P1。
60. They will feel happy at the party on Saturday.
【解析】根据There will be lots of food and drinks，可知，派对上准备了许多食物和饮料，所以孩子们在派对上会感到很开心。故答案为They will feel happy at the party on Saturday.
【母题来源5】【2020 •山东滨州市】
【母题原题】

Do you like playing basketball? If so, you must be very shocked and sad about the death of Kobe Bryant, a famous NBA basketball player. Kobe died in a helicopter(直升机) accident in California on January 26, 2020. Just three days before the accident, he sent out Chinese New Year wishes, and encouraged Chinese fans to live(实践)their dreams and dare to win.
Bryant is a popular basketball player in China. On March17, 2019, Kobe Bryant visited a middle school in Shenzhen to meet students. At the school, he also shared his new sports novel.
Kobe was known for trying the hardest to be the best. And he called it "Mamba Spirit". He once said, "Life is too short to get bogged down.You have to keep moving. You have to keep going. "He retired from-basketball in 2016, but he still woke up before the sun rose to go training at 4:00 am. From middle school to college, Bryant's stories went along with so many Chinese people and fired up their love for basketball "I grew up watching him play. Because of him, I began playing basketball, " one of his fans said. His excellent performance, strong will and continuing training made him a superhero among Chinese fans.
66. Who was Robe Bryant?
_____________________________________________________________________
67. What happened to Kobe Bryant on January 26, 2020?
____________________________________________________________________
68. What time did Kobe usually go training in the morning?
____________________________________________________________________
69. What is "Mamba Spirit"?
____________________________________________________________________
70. Why did Kobe say "You have to keep moving. You have to keep going. "?
____________________________________________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文介绍了美国NBA著名篮球运动员科比·布莱恩特在2020年1月26日，死于一场直升飞机事故。他出色的表现、坚强的意志和持续的训练使他成为中国粉丝心目中的超级英雄。
66. A famous NBA basketball player.
【解析】根据“Kobe Bryant, a famous NBA basketball player.”可知，科比·布莱恩特是一位著名的NBA篮球运动员。故填A famous NBA basketball player.
67. He died in a helicopter accident(in California).
【解析】根据“Kobe died in a helicopter(直升机) accident in California on January 26, 2020.”可知，科比在加利福尼亚州死于一场直升飞机事故。故填He died in a helicopter accident(in California).
68. At 4:00 a. m.
【解析】根据“but he still woke up before the sun rose to go training at 4:00 am.”可知，科比经常在早上4点去训练。故填At 4:00 a. m.
69. Trying the hardest to be the best.
【解析】根据“Kobe was known for trying the hardest to be the best. And he called it "Mamba Spirit".”可知，“曼巴精神”指的是尽最大努力成为最好。故填Trying the hardest to be the best.
70. Because life is too short to get bogged down.
【解析】根据“Life is too short to get bogged down. You have to keep moving. You have to keep going.”可知，科比认为因为生命太短暂，不要陷入困境，所以你必须继续前进，必须一直前进。故填Because life is too short to get bogged down.
【母题来源6】【2020 •山东省德州市】
【母题原题】Songs about growing up
Thousands of songs about growing up are available (可得到的). They can always get a response (反应) from teenagers in some way. While listening to the songs, old or new, teenagers can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
a. Songs about being a teenager
Growing up isn't always easy. Teens always want to be independent, but parents have a hard time letting go. There can be moments of worry, uncertainty and even anger. Some songs speak of (2) those feelings and can help them get through this period.
b. Songs about(3)___________
As teenagers grow. They're likely looking toward the day when they'll be able to work hard to achieve their dreams. The Westlife's song I have a dream is well-known. The key lyrics (歌词) are "I have a dream, a song to sing. To help me cope (处理) with anything... You can take the future even if you fail". This song has encouraged so many teenagers to fight for their dreams.
c. Graduation songs
Graduation songs usually speak of the joy of this season of their life. These songs are perfect for graduation parties and get-togethers with friends. As they graduate they can sing "Today is where your book begins, the rest is still unwritten...".
When teenagers grow up, they find childhood is a bittersweet (苦乐参半的) time. (5) They've looked forward to the day for so many years and finally it is here. However, they may not be sure about whether they're ready for it. At this time, listening to songs about the sweet days of childhood can always make them relaxed.
46. What is the response from teenagers while they are listening to the songs?
______________________________________
47. What does "those feeling" refer to?
______________________________________
48. Complete the subtitle (副标题) for "b".
______________________________________
49. What are graduation songs about according to the passage?
______________________________________
50. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
______________________________________
【答案与解析】
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了青少年成长时期喜欢听的不同类型的歌曲。
46. They can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
【解析】题干句意：青少年在听歌时的反应是什么？
根据上文While listening to the songs, old or new, teenagers can always feel themselves or understand themselves. 在听歌曲的同时，无论是旧的还是新的，青少年总是能感觉到自己或理解自己。故答案为They can always feel themselves or understand themselves.
47. Worry, uncertainty and even anger.
【解析】题干句意：those feeling指的是什么？
根据上文There can be moments of worry, uncertainty and even anger. Some songs speak of (2) those feelings and can help them get through this period. 青少年可能会有忧虑、不确定甚至愤怒的时刻。有些歌曲提到这些感觉，可以帮助他们度过这一时期。可知those feeling指的是上句写到的情绪“worry, uncertainty and even anger”，故答案为Worry, uncertainty and even anger。
48. (teenagers' achieving/ fighting for/future) dreams
【解析】题目要求：完成b部分的副标题。
根据上文As teenagers grow. They're likely looking toward the day when they'll be able to work hard to achieve their dreams. …fight for their dreams. 可知本段主要写了随着青少年的成长，他们可能会期待着有一天他们能够努力工作来实现他们的梦想。《我有一个梦想》这首歌激励了很多青少年为梦想而奋斗。可知本段的主题是有关青少年为梦想而奋斗的歌曲，故答案为(teenagers' achieving/ fighting for/future) dreams。
49. The joy of this (graduation) season of their life.
【解析】题干句意：根据短文，毕业歌曲是关于什么的？
根据上文Graduation songs usually speak of the joy of this season of their life. 毕业歌曲通常会讲述他们这一季的快乐。故答案为The joy of this (graduation) season of their life.
50. 他们期待这一天很多年了，这一天终于到来了/他们期待多年的这一天终于到来了。
【解析】英译汉：They've looked forward to the day for so many years and finally it is here.
They他们；have looked forward to期待；the day这一天；for so many years很多年了；finally终于；it is here.这一天到来了，故翻译为：他们期待这一天很多年了，这一天终于到来了/他们期待多年的这一天终于到来了。


【考试方向】
分析近3年各地市中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设5个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。
【得分要点】
1. 认真审题， 明确题目要求。
首先阅读题目， 明确题目中的关键词， 在阅读文章前对所要回答的问题有所了解。
2. 快速浏览文章， 规范答题。
回答问题型任务型阅读需要利用题干中关键词， 寻找文章中对应的关键词， 在对应词周围寻找答案或者直接在文章中搜索答案。带着审题时对文章大意的了解以及问题快速浏览文章， 以最快的速度在文章相对应的位置寻找相关信息。
3. 答题形式符合提问形式。
不同的提问方式需要不同形式的回答， 在答案简洁的基础上还要注意结构的完整。一般疑问句要用yes或no作答；特殊疑问句要根据特殊疑问词具体回答。
4. 仔细检查， 确保答案。
完成所有答题后， 需要再次速读一遍文章， 核对答案， 确保答案的正确性。需要注意， 有些题目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在原文的基础上， 结合题目要求进行时态、语态、人称的转换；有些需要进行归纳总结， 把正确答案重新组织语言表达出来。

【母题1】【来源】【2020 • 北京市昌平区初三年级二模】
In England, people buy bus tickets on the bus. In France, they buy them at a bus station. In Australia, they can buy them from a magazine store. Books on cross-cultural communication make us curious by focusing on differences between people across the world: in social behavior and the importance of their body language, etc.
For example, how close you stand to someone when you are speaking to him is different in different cultures. Surveys in most countries tell us that the proper distance（距离）of two people standing in a social situation is between 1. 2 metres and 3.5 metres. But in China, this distance seems to be smaller, while in Sweden, people usually stand farther.
The message sent by the way you stand or sit is another condition. For example, it is quite common in European countries to sit with your legs crossed. But people in Arab countries hardly ever sit in this way—because they might show you the bottom of their shoes, and it is thought to be impolite.
Such information fills the pages of guides for travellers and international business people. Clearly it is important to know a little about eating customs and the rules about basic greetings—whether you should bow or shake someone's hands. But under the surface, we are not so different. There are many signs that are common in the emotions（情感）that they communicate.
Smiling is the best known of these, but not the only one. Scientists have proven that all over the world, people show sadness in a similar way. People look down with their face “falling” and mouth corner turning down. There are also common factors when people are bored. They will look at other things in an distracted（漫不经心的） way--their watches, for example. Their feet will begin to move restlessly showing that they want to escape.
Understanding these body languages and acting properly is the real key to cross-cultural communication. If we all pay just a little attention, it is impossible that we will cause lasting inconvenience by using the wrong body language or standing too near to strangers and then make them feel uncomfortable.
34. Where do people in England buy bus tickets?
_________________________________________
35. What is the proper distance of two people standing in most countries?
_________________________________________
36. Why do people in Arab countries hardly sit with their legs crossed?
_________________________________________
37. How do people around the world show sadness in a similar way?
_________________________________________
38. What is the passage mainly about?
_________________________________________
【答案】34. On the bus.
35. Between 1.2 metres and 3.5 metres.
36. Because they might show you the bottom of their shoes, and it is thought to be impolite.
37. People look down with their face “falling” and mouth comer turning down
38. The differences in social behavior between people across the world and the importance of body language. /Understanding the body languages and acting properly is the real key to cross-cultural communication.
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在跨文化交际情景中，不同国家的社交礼仪等有所不同，也有相同之处。人们需要了解不同的文化背景与习俗、了解恰当的肢体语言才能不出错或使别人不适。
34. 根据“In England, people buy bus tickets on the bus”，可知英国人在公交车上买票，故答案为On the bus.
35. 根据“Surveys in most countries tell us that the proper distance（距离）of two people standing in a social situation is between 1. 2 metres and 3.5 metres”，可知多数国家两人之间保持的距离是在1.2米到3.5米之间，故答案为Between 1.2 metres and 3.5 metres.
36. 根据“But people in Arab countries hardly ever sit in this way—because they might show you the bottom of their shoes, and it is thought to be impolite”，可知因为这会让别人看到鞋底，这在阿拉伯是被认为不礼貌的，故答案为Because they might show you the bottom of their shoes, and it is thought to be impolite.
37. 根据“Scientists have proven that all over the world, people show sadness in a similar way. People look down with their face “falling” and mouth corner turning down”，可知是低头拉下脸、嘴角向下，故答案为People look down with their face “falling” and mouth comer turning down.
38. 通读全文，可知文章主要介绍了在跨文化交际情景中，不同国家的社交礼仪等有所不同，也有相同之处。人们需要了解不同的文化背景与习俗、了解恰当的肢体语言才能不出错或使别人不适。故答案为The differences in social behavior between people across the world and the importance of body language. /Understanding the body languages and acting properly is the real key to cross-cultural communication.
【母题2】【来源】【2020 • 北京市丰台区三模】
Do you know your neighbors? Do you often talk with them? Good neighbors are just like our friends and relatives. They are the important people in our lives. They make our lives more pleasant and give us a sense of who we are, both as an individual and as a member of the community. Here’s how to develop your relationships with these very important people in your life.    
Start a conversation. Often neighbors don’t even know each other’s names. However most neighbors enjoy making small talk with each other in their community. You can ask how their kids are or what they think of the prices at the supermarket. But the best way to break the ice is to smile, wave, and say hello to your neighbors.
Be friendly to the newcomers. Your new neighbors may be feeling lonely, especially if they’re far from home, and might expect a friendly face. If they have kids, tell them where the children play in the neighborhood. Introduce the best places to eat and shop. Invite them over for coffee or tea, give them your phone number, and point to your house as you say good-bye.
Develop better relationships. Return anything that you borrow from a neighbor, such as tools, in good repair and as soon as you’ve finished with them. Make sure that your car is not blocking their doorway. Such small actions will help you build up a good relationship with your neighbors.
Make time for your friendship. If you value a friendship with your neighbors, spend time with them. Why not invite them to a barbecue or weekend party? You can write a card to invite them to your party. Then, you can make a call to them ahead. In this way, you will know what your neighbors like. You can plan for proper food and music.
Care about the details. In a good relationship, it’s really the little things that count. When your neighbors carry a lot of things, you can give them a hand. Help to bring in the mail for the elderly neighbor when it rains. If you care about them, they will give you a surprise, too. The respect for your neighbors' feelings can develop your relationship with them.
34. Are good neighbors important people in your life?
_____________________________________________
35. What is the best way to break the ice when you meet your neighbors?
_____________________________________________
36. To show your friendship, what should you do if your new neighbors have kids?
_____________________________________________
37. Why do you make a call to your neighbors before the party?
_____________________________________________
38. What is the passage mainly about ?
_____________________________________________
【答案】34. Yes./ Yes, they are.
35. I/We can smile, wave, and say hello.
36. To tell them where the children play in the neighborhood.
37. Because I/we will know what our neighbors like.
38. Good relationship with our neighbors is very important and how (The ways/suggestions/advice) to develop our/your relationship with our/your neighbors. / Why and how to develop our/your relationship with our/your neighbors.
【解析】俗话说“远亲不如近邻”，邻居是我们生活中重要的人。那么怎样和我们的邻居建立良好的关系呢？这篇短文中作者给我们提了一些建议。
34. 根据短文第一段中Good neighbors are just like our friends and relatives. They are the important people in our lives.可知，好邻居就像是我们的朋友和亲戚，他们是我们生活中重要的人。由此可知答案是肯定的。即Yes./ Yes, they are.
35. 根据短文第二段最后一句话But the best way to break the ice is to smile, wave, and say hello to your neighbors.可知，作者告诉我们打破僵局最好的方式是微笑、招手以及向邻居问好。由此可知答案为We can smile, wave and say hello to our neighbors.
36. 根据短文第三段中If they have kids, tell them where the children play in the neighborhood.可知，假如邻居有孩子，你可以告诉他们附近孩子可以玩耍的地方。故答案为To tell them where the children play in the neighborhood.
37. 根据短文第五段中You can write a card to invite them to your party. Then, you can make a call to them ahead. In this way, you will know what your neighbors like. You can plan for proper food and music可知，在邀请邻居来参加聚会的时候，最好提前打电话，这样你就可以了解邻居的喜好。故可以回答I/We can know what our neighbors like.
38. 短文第一段先告诉我们邻居是我们生活中重要的人，要与邻居建立好的关系。这一段的最后一句话Here’s how to develop your relationships with these very important people in your life. 是文章的主旨句，短文介绍的是如何与我们的邻居建立好的关系。由此可知答案可以是Good relationship with our neighbors is very important and how (The ways/suggestions/advice) to develop our/your relationship with our/your neighbors.
【母题3】【来源】【2020 • 安徽省合肥市二模】
We all know that we need water to live Up to 75% of our bodies is water and we need to drink water every day to be healthy! So what will happen to the Earth’s water if global warming （全球变暖）gets worse?
About 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water. When the temperature of the Earth rises, the temperature of the water rises, too. Higher water temperatures will kill the underwater plants and tiny fish. But it’s not just the fish! Higher temperatures also have an influence on animals on land. Some scientists think that because of global warming, two thirds of the world’s polar bears will never be seen on our planet by 2050.
Global warming makes the weather change, too. In some places, there will be less rain. This will cause deserts to be larger. In other places, the rain will become very strong and heavy, so we will have less farmland and not enough food for humans.
Global warming is a big problem. But we can help by making small changes like turning off the water, lights, and TV when we aren’t using them!
73. How much of the Earth’s surface is covered with water?（不超过5个词）
________________________________________________________________________
74. What will happen to the underwater plants and tiny fish when water temperatures get higher?（不超过10个词）
________________________________________________________________________
75. What small changes can we make to help solve the problem of global warming?（不超过15个词）
________________________________________________________________________
【答案】73. About 71%.
74. They will be killed. / Higher water temperatures will kill them.
75. We can turn off the water, lights and TV when we aren’t using them.
【解析】本篇讲述地球变暖会给地球带来怎样的后果。水温的升高会导致鱼类和水中植物死亡、北极熊消失、大陆沙漠化、暴雨等灾害性的天气会导致农田减少。我们应该帮助改变这一状况。
73. 根据第一段“About 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water. ”可知地球表面大约71%覆盖着水，故答案为About 71%.
74. 根据第二段“Higher water temperatures will kill the underwater plants and tiny fish.”可知水温升高会杀死水下植物和小鱼，故答案为They will be killed. / Higher water temperatures will kill them.
75. 根据第四段“But we can help by making small changes like turning off the water, lights, and TV when we aren’t using them”可知我们不用的时候可以把水、灯和电视关掉，故答案为We can turn off the water, lights and TV when we aren’t using them.
【母题4】【来源】【2020 • 安徽省芜湖市三模】
As you grow up, you need to explore the world in new ways, while your parents need to protect you from the dangers in the world. Different ideas might lead to fights in families. Do you know how to make your home a happy and healthy place? Try the following.
Respect
Respect is more than just doing what you are told to do. Respect is about valuing（重视） what your parents have to say. It is also about them valuing what you have to say.
Mark, 14, puts it this way, “At least try to understand whatever they are trying to tell you, no matter how bad it may sound at the time.”
Communication
You can communicate with your parents by expressing your thoughts in a respectful way. Your ability to explain your thoughts calmly may give your parents a chance to see you in a new light.
Trust
You are more likely to get along with your parents and have more freedom if your parents trust you.
Taking time together
Some teenagers find that doing fun activities with their parents can improve their relationships. Sharing time together can build trust and communication. Sometimes we forget that parents are more than rule-makers — they’re interesting people who like to watch movies, play cards, and go shopping— just like us!
Your relationship with your parents may be sometimes good and sometimes bad. But remember that parents can be a great support when things are not going well. So try your best to improve the relationship between you and your parents. If your parents see that you try your best, they will do the same.
73. What is passage mainly about?（不超过15个词）
___________________________________________________________________
74. How should you communicate with your parents?（不超过10个词）
___________________________________________________________________
75. What does the underlined part “do the same” mean？（不超过15个词）
___________________________________________________________________
【答案】73. How to make our home a happy and healthy place.
74. By expressing our thoughts in a respectful way.
75. Try their best to improve the relationship between you and them.
【解析】文章主要是介绍不同的想法可能会导致家庭争斗，如何使一个家成为一个快乐和健康的地方，文中给出一些方法。
73. 根据文中Different ideas might lead to fights in families. Do you know how to make your home a happy and healthy place? Try the following.以及整个文章的理解可知，主要是介绍如何能够让一个家成为一个健康快乐的地方，故答案为How to make our home a happy and healthy place.
74. 根据文中You can communicate with your parents by expressing your thoughts in a respectful way.可知，要用尊重的方式表达你的想法来和你的父母交流。故答案为By expressing our thoughts in a respectful way.
75. 根据文中So try your best to improve the relationship between you and your parents. If your parents see that you try your best, they will do the same.可知，所以你要尽力改善你和你父母之间的关系。如果你的父母看到你尽力了，他们也会这么做的。所以这里的do the same指的是尽力改善父母和孩子之间的关系，故答案为Try their best to improve the relationship between you and them.
【母题5】【来源】【2020 • 北京市朝阳区零模】
A Different Kind of Spring Break
For many American university students, the weeklong spring break holiday means an endless party on a sunny beach. In Panama City Beach, Florida more than half a million university students arrive during the month of March to play and party, making it the number one spring break place in the United States.
A weeklong party is not for everyone, however, and a growing number of American university students have found a way to make spring break matter. For them, joining or leading a group of volunteers to help solve problems such as homelessness or environmental damage makes spring break a special learning experience that university students can feel good about.
During one spring break week, students from James Madison University in Virginia took part in 15 “spring break” trips to nearby states, three others to more distant parts of the United States, and five international trips. One group of JMU students traveled to Bogalusa, Louisiana, to help rebuild homes damaged by Hurricane (飓风) Katrina. Another group traveled to Mississippi to organize creative activities for children living in a homeless shelter. One group of students did go to Florida, but not to lie on the sand. They did some work to help protect the native Florida plants.
Students who take part in spring break projects find them very rewarding (值得的). While most university students have to get their degrees before they can start helping people, student volunteers are able to help people right now without degrees. On the other hand, the buildings or rooms they live or stay are far from attractive. Students often sleep on the floor of a school or church. But they only pay around $250 for meals and transportation, which is much less than some of their friends spend traveling to more traditional spring break hot spots.
Spring break projects appear to be growing in popularity at universities across the United States. Some students take the opportunity to meet new friends. Others want to exercise their beliefs to make the world a better place. Whatever their reasons, these students have discovered something that give them rich rewards along with a break from school work.
25. What's the number one spring break place in the United States?
__________________________________________________________
26. What is the way to make spring break matter for some students?
__________________________________________________________
27. How did the students help in Bogalusa Louisiana?
__________________________________________________________
28. Where do the student volunteers often sleep?
__________________________________________________________
29. What makes the spring break projects more rewarding?
__________________________________________________________
【答案】25. Panama City Beach, Florida.
26. Joining or leading a group of volunteers to help solve problems.
27. By rebuilding homes damaged by Hurricane Katrina.
28. On the floor of a school or church.
29. Student volunteers can help people right now without degrees, spend less money, meet new friends and exercise their beliefs.
【解析】试题分析：短文介绍的是在美国，越来越多的大学生在春假期间去做一些有意义的活动，有组织地去帮助他人或改善环境，而不是休闲享受美景。
25. 问题：在美国，春假的第一大去处是什么地方？根据短文中的句子“In Panama City Beach, Florida more than half a million university students arrive during the month of March to play and party, making it the number one spring break place in the United States.”可知，佛罗里达州巴拿马城海滨是美国春假的最大度假地。答案为Panama City Beach, Florida.
26. 问题：对于一些学生来说，使春假更有意义方式是什么？根据短文中的句子“however, and a growing number of American university students have found a way to make spring break matter. For them, joining or leading a group of volunteers to help solve problems”可知，组织或参加志愿者来帮助解决救助或环保问题是大学生更愿意做的。答案为Joining or leading a group of volunteers to help solve problems.
27. 问题：在路易斯安那州巴嘉鲁斯市的学生是怎么帮助的？根据短文中的句子“One group of JMU students traveled to Bogalusa, Louisiana, to help rebuild homes damaged by Hurricane (飓风)”可知，帮助重建被飓风损坏的家园。故答案为By rebuilding homes damaged by Hurricane Katrina.
28. 问题：学生志愿者常常睡在哪里？根据短文中的句子“Students often sleep on the floor of a school or church.”可知，学生常常睡在学校或教堂的地板上。答案为On the floor of a school or church.
29. 问题：是什么让春假更有价值？根据最后一段的总结可知答案为Student volunteers can help people right now without degrees, spend less money, meet new friends and exercise their beliefs.
【母题6】【来源】【2020 • 北京市门头沟区一模】
May 12th—International Nurses Day is an important date to all nurses. The tireless efforts of nurses all over the world are celebrated every year on May 12th, because it is the anniversary(周年纪念日) of the birth of Florence Nightingale, who is widely considered the founder of modern nursing.
Nurses are appreciated(感激) in many different ways on International Nurses Day, also called IND. People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness. Do you know the history of International Nurses Day?
It all began in 1953, when Dorothy Sutherland, an official with the U.S. Department of Health, Education and Welfare, asked President Dwight D. Eisenhower to proclaim(宣布) a Nurses Day. However, he did not do so at that time. The International Council of Nurses has celebrated on May 12th since 1965. In January 1974, this day was finally officially made International Nurses Day.
Because this day is all about celebrating nurses' endless contributions(贡献) to society, taking this opportunity to show a nurse who has taken care of you how much you appreciate him or her is very meaningful on this day. If you are feeling especially grateful for the way a certain nurse took care of you (fed you, brought you a blanket, monitored your vital signs, made sure you were getting the right pills, changed your wound dressings, helped you get to the bathroom, let you cry on his or her shoulder, or any of the hundreds of other things nurses do), May 12th is the day to show that gratitude(感谢). So take a trip down to the hospital with a box of chocolates, a bouquet of flowers, or anything else you think that particular nurse might like.
Some people, after having spent months in the hospital with a serious condition, decide to order pizza or cake for the entire medical team that was looking after them, a gesture that team is guaranteed(肯定的) to remember you for forever, if you should decide on it. However, as mentioned before, it's the thought that counts the most. A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better, so just knowing he or she succeeded is a reward in itself.
34. When is International Nurses Day?
_________________________________
35. What are people encouraged to do on International Nurses Day?
_________________________________
36. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
_________________________________
37. Why do people take a trip down to the hospital with chocolates or flowers on May 12th?
_________________________________
38. What is a nurse's main goal?
_________________________________
【答案】34. May 12th. / It's on May 12th.
35. People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness.
36. It's about the history of International Nurses Day. / How International Nurses Day started.
37. Because they want to show their gratitude. / To show their gratitude.
38. A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better. / To help you get through treatment and get better.
【解析】每年的5月12日是国际护士节，这是一个对全世界的护士都非常重要的日子。这篇短文给我们讲述了护士节的历史，并呼吁人们在这一天去向曾经帮助、照顾过他们的护士表达感激之情。
34. 根据短文开头“May 12th—International Nurses Day is an important date to all nurses.”可知，5月12日是国际护士节。故答案为May 12th. / It's on May 12th.
35. 根据短文第二段“People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness.”可知，在那一天，人们被鼓励花时间感谢那些在他们生病或他们所爱的人生病时，一直在他们身边的护士。故答案为People are encouraged to take time to thank a nurse who has been there for them or their loved ones during days of sickness.
36. 根据第二段的最后一句话“Do you know the history of International Nurses Day?”以及这一段的开头“It all began in 1953, when…”可知，这一段给我们介绍了护士节的历史。故答案为It's about the history of International Nurses Day. / How International Nurses Day started.
37. 根据短文第四段“May 12th is the day to show that gratitude(感谢). So take a trip down to the hospital with a box of chocolates, a bouquet of flowers, or anything else you think that particular nurse might like.”可知，人们拿着一盒巧克力、一束花或者其他的什么东西去医院，向护士表达感谢。故答案为Because they want to show their gratitude. / To show their gratitude.
38. 根据短文最后一段“A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better”可知，护士的主要目标就是帮助你度过治疗时期，病情好转。故答案为A nurse's main goal is to help you get through treatment and get better. / To help you get through treatment and get better.
【母题7】【来源】【2020 • 安徽省合肥市庐阳区二模】
As a 23-year-old man, I was sitting on my mom’s sofa and waiting for the pain in my back to ease (减轻). No work and money forced my wife, our baby boy and me to live with my parents. We slept in my old bedroom, and I was feeling down.
Thankfully, I had one new job: helping my son learn how to walk. Anytime he took a few steps, however, he would fall down and cry, I had to hold his hand while he walked long. But my back didn’t deal with it too well. As I sat there with my eyes close, I suddenly head my mother said.“Joe, look!" I opened my eyes and watched my son catch the coffee table. Pull himself up and smile. Then, he started walking around it, keeping his hands on it for balance（平衡). Finally, when he reached the end of it, he took two big steps and make it to the wall. Then he started walking down the hall with his hands balancing on the wall the whole way. I laughed and cheered. Suddenly, I didn’t feel that bad. Because my boy had learned to walk.
We may fail many times in our life. It's just like learning to walk. When we fall, we should stand up and keep trying. That's what we should do to have a better life.
50 Who did the writer live with(不超过5个词)
______________________________________________________________________
51. How could the baby pull himself up?(不超过5个词)
_____________________________________________________________________
52. What can we learn from the text?(不超过10个词)
____________________________________________________________________
【答案】50. His parents, wife and baby boy.
51. By catching the coffee table.
52. When we fall, we should stand up and keep trying.
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者借儿子学走路一事明白了：我们在遇到困难时，要像学走路一样，跌倒了就爬起来继续努力，以获得更好的生活。
50. 根据第一段“No work and money forced my wife, our baby boy and me to live with my parents”可知，作者和他的父母、妻子、小婴儿住在一起。故答案为His parents, wife and baby boy.
51. 根据第二段“I opened my eyes and watched my son catch the coffee table. Pull himself up and smile”可知，婴儿通过抓住咖啡桌把自己拉起来。故答案为By catching the coffee table.
52. 根据最后一段“When we fall, we should stand up and keep trying. That's what we should do to have a better life”可知，这是文章的主旨句，即作者借儿子学走路一事明白了：当我们跌倒时，要站起来继续尝试。故答案为When we fall, we should stand up and keep trying.
【母题8】【来源】【2020 • 江苏省南通市海门二模】
How do students spend their spare time after finishing their homework? Watch TV, play computer games, or go outside to relax. Here's a good example.
Tim and Kerry Meek are both teachers. They live in the UK with their two daughters: eleven-year-old Amy and nine-year-old Ella. Recently, the Meek family has become the focus(焦点) of the whole country after they completed 100 different outdoor activities in one year.
The Meek couple didn't want their children to spend all their free time in front of the TV and become "couch potatoes". So about one year ago, the Meeks decided that watching TV and playing computer games were not permitted. Instead, they set 100 tasks for the two girls to do outside. Although Mr. and Mrs. Meek are not outdoor activity fans, they took part in all the activities to encourage their daughters. It turns out that the two sisters really had a good time joining in the activities.
Every holiday and weekend, whether it's sunny, rainy or snowy, the Meeks would go out to try the activities on their list, including hiking, sailing, climbing, skiing, and so on. The two little girls not only had a wonderful time, but also learned a lot of skills from the activities. They were even able to stand up in front of their school to give a talk for charity. "Our friends spend a lot of their free time doing things which are harmful to their health. Luckily, we've had the chance to experience something different. Amy and Ella also helped their parents to draw up a new list of challenges for the next 12 months.
76. Why did the Meeks become the focus of the UK?
_______________________________________________________
77. How did the Meek couple encourage their girls to do activities?
_______________________________________________________
78. When did the Meeks go out to do the activities?
_______________________________________________________
79. What did the two little girls learn from the activities?
_______________________________________________________
80. What should we do to keep healthy in our spare time?(请自拟作答)
_______________________________________________________
【答案】76. Because they completed 100 different outdoor activities in one year.
77. They took part in all the activities to encourage their daughters.
78. Every holiday and weekend, whether it is sunny, rainy or snowy.
79. They learned a lot of skills from the activities.
80. We should do more outdoor exercises to keep healthy/fit in our spare time.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文, 本文主要介绍米克一家如何度过业余时间的。米克一家在一年内完成了100项不同的户外活动，成为全国关注的焦点。米克夫妇不想让他们的孩子把所有的空闲时间都花在电视机前，变成“电视迷”。他们为这两个女孩设定了100项任务。无论是假日还是周末，无论晴天、雨天还是下雪，米克一家都会去尝试他们的活动，包括徒步旅行、帆船运动、攀登、滑雪等等。
76. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Recently, the Meek family has become the focus of the whole country after they Completed 100 different outdoor activities in one year”可知Meek一家在一年内完成了100项不同的户外活动，让他们成为了英国关注的焦点，故答案为Because they completed 100 different outdoor activities in one year.
77. 根据第三段“Instead, they set 100 tasks for the two girls to do outside. Although Mr. and Mrs. Meek are not outdoor activity fans, they took part in all the activities to encourage their daughters”可知为了鼓励孩子们参加户外活动，Meek夫妇也参加所有的活动。故答案为They took part in all the activities to encourage their daughters.
78. 根据第四段“Every holiday and weekend, whether it’s sunny, rainy or snowy, the Meeks would set off to try the activities on their list, including hiking, sailing, climbing , skiing, and so on”每个假期和周末，不管是晴天、雨天还是下雪，米克夫妇都会开始尝试他们清单上的活动，包括徒步旅行、航海、爬山、滑雪等等。故答案为Every holiday and weekend, whether it is sunny, rainy or snowy.
79. 根据最后一段“The two little girls not only had a wonderful time, but also learned a lot of skills from the activities”可知她们从活动中学会了很多技能。故答案为They learned a lot of skills from the activities.
80. 此处回答我们在业余时间怎样保持身体健康。根据最后一段“Our friends spend a lot of their free time doing things which are harmful to their health. Luckily, we've had the chance to experience something different”可知空余时间参加户外活动对我们的健康是有益的。故答案为We should do more outdoor exercises to keep healthy/fit in our spare time.