初中英语中考复习 专题04 数词和主谓一致-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（原卷版）

这是一份初中英语中考复习 专题04 数词和主谓一致-2020年中考英语母题题源解密（原卷版），共8页。试卷主要包含了数词，主谓一致等内容，欢迎下载使用。
专题04    数词和主谓一致一、数词  【母题来源1】 【2020 • 黑龙江省龙东地区中考】【母题原题】My son is ________ years old. Today is his ________ birthday.A. twelve；twelve B. twelve；twelfth C. twelfth；twelve【母题来源2】【2020 •贵州省黔西南州中考】【母题原题】—Dear, how is your homework going?—Oh, mom, I've just finished ________ of it.A. second three B. two third C. second threes D. two thirds【母题来源3】【2020 •重庆市B卷中考】【母题原题】Teachers' Day is in September, the _________ month of the year.A. nine B. ninth C. ten D. tenth【母题来源4】【2020 •山东滨州市中考】  【母题原题】—I like the number “9” best, because I think it stands for “long lasting”. — Me too. So I choose ________ floor to live on.A. nine B. ninth C. the nine D. the ninth【母题来源5】【2020 • 辽宁省丹东市中考】 【母题原题】The words from Page 1 to Page 3 are very clear. But the ones on the ________ page are not.A. first B. two C. three D. fourth【试题分析】这些试题均考查了数词的常见用法，基数词，序数词和分数。【命题意图】 数词是历年各省市中考必考知识点。从考查形式看，一般有单项选择、完形填空、词语运用等。所占分值通常为2～4分。从命题意图看，侧重考查考生的具体语言环境中使用数词的能力。【考试方向】1. 基数词；2. 序数词；3. 分数。【得分要点】考向一：基数词的构成(1)0—12单独记。如： zero, one, two, three等。(2)13—19的词尾都是teen。如：fourteen, seventeen等，但13—thirteen，15—fifteen，18—eighteen需要特殊记。(3)20以上的整十的基数词均以ty结尾。20—twenty，30—thirty，40—forty，50—fifty，80—eighty等。(4)＂几十几＂要加连字符号＂-＂。48—forty-eight, 97—ninety-seven等。(5)＂几百几十＂或者＂几百几十几＂在＂百＂后加and。156—one hundred and fifty-six, 509—five hundred and nine。(6)四位数或者四位数以上的基数词的拼写规律：用逗号从右往左每三位加一个逗号，第一个逗号读作thousand(千)，第二个逗号读作million(百万)，第三个逗号读作billion(十亿)，hundred后莫忘＂and＂。3,610＝three thousand six hundred and ten；94,295＝ninety-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five；考向二：序数词的构成first                 1stsecond              2ndthird                3rdfourth               4thfifth                5thsixth                6thseventh              7theighth               8thninth                9thtenth               10theleventh                 11thtwelfth                  12ththirteenth                13thfourteenth               14thfifteenth                 15thsixteenth                16thseventeenth              17theighteenth               18thnineteenth               19thtwentieth                20thtwenty-first                     21sttwenty-second                  22ndthirtieth                        30thfortieth                        40thfiftieth                         50thsixtieth                        60thseventieth                      70theightieth                       80thninetieth                       90thhundredth                     100thone hundred and first            101st(1)＂第一＂、＂第二＂、＂第三＂分别是first, second, third。(2)＂第四＂到＂第十九＂除了fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth是特殊的拼写外，其余的都在相应基数词后面加＂th＂构成。如：fourth。(3)20以上的整十的序数词由相应的基数词变y为i，再加＂-eth＂。如：thirty→thirtieth; fifty→fiftieth。(4)第一百hundredth; 第一千thousandth; 第一百万millionth。(5)20以上的非整十的基数词变序数词时，只变化个位数。如：twenty-one→twenty-first; one hundred and one→one hundred and first。基数词变序数词记忆口诀基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th。一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t，d，d。八去t，九除e，ve要用f替，ty将y变成i，th前面有个e。若是碰到几十几，前用基来后用序。整十基数变序数，先把ty变成tie，要是遇上两位数，十位基数，个位序，th最后加上去。考向三：分数的表达法   分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。►1/3  one third    7/9  seven ninths【注意】一些特殊的分数表达法：►a half 二分之一       a quarter =one fourth 四分之一    three quarters=three fourth 四分之三【母题1】【来源】【2020 • 天津河西区模拟】—How old is your daughter?—________ . We had a wonderful party for her________ birthday yesterday.A. Nine; nine B. Nine; ninth C. Ninth; ninth D. Ninth; nine【母题2】【来源】【2020 • 甘肃省张掖市第二学期第一次模拟考试】It’s said that ______ of the water around the world ______ polluted.A. two third; has B. two thirds; haveC. two third; are D. two thirds; is【母题3】【来源】【2019 •山东省滨州市无棣城区联考九年级初中学生学业水平模拟考试英语试题】       visitors came to take photos of Hongyadong during the vacation.A．Thousand B．Thousand of C．Thousands D．Thousands of【母题4】【来源】【2019 • 天津西青区模拟题】He climbed so fast that he reached the _______ floor in _______ minutes.A. nine; two B. nine; second C. ninth; second D. ninth; two【母题5】【来源】【2020 • 湖北省襄阳市襄阳阳光学校一模】— Nowadays China has about 25,000 kilometers of high-speed railways.— That's           of the world's total.A．two third    B．two-third    C．two thirds    D．two three二、主谓一致  【母题来源1】 【2020 • 辽宁省丹东市中考】【母题原题】Fresh water ________ more important than anything else.A. is B. are C. was D. were【母题来源2】【2020 • 上海市中考】【母题原题】 There ________more than two ways to solve this maths problem．A. am B. is C. are D. be【母题来源3】 【2020 • 湖北恩施州】【母题原题】 There________ only a few things in the room, like a bed, some chairs and an old desk.A. was B. were C. is【母题来源4】【2020 •黑龙江省龙东地区中考】 【母题原题】Spending time with families ________ the happiest thing.A. are B. is C. be【母题来源5】【2020 • 贵州省安顺市中考】 【母题原题】As we all know, using public chopsticks ________ necessary when we eat with others.A. is B. are C. was【试题分析】这些试题均考查了主谓一致的常见用法，就近原则和语法一致原则。【命题意图】 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。对于主谓一致的考查，主要集中在单项选择、完形填空、汉译英及其它类型的填空题中。在学习过程中，要掌握主谓一致的基本用法及常见搭配。【考试方向】1. 主谓一致的三个原则；2. there be句型；3. 不定代词做主语。考向一：主谓一致的三个原则1. 意义一致意义一致就是根据句子主语的意义来确定谓语动词的单复数。如：Maths is difficult for us. 数学对我们来说很难。The police are trying to search for the thief on the hill. 警察们正在山上尽力搜查小偷。2. 语法一致语法一致即单数主语要用单数谓语动词，复数主语要用复数谓语动词。如：My bike is under the tree. 我的自行车在树下。These books are old. 这些书是旧的。3. 就近原则就近原则即当主语被某些连词(短语)连接时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的词保持一致。Either my father or brother is coming. 我父亲来，要不然就是我弟弟来。Not only you but also they are good students. 不仅你是好学生，而且他们也是好学生。【知识归纳】 含义例句语法一致指的是主语为单数形式时，谓语动词使用单数形式，主语如果为复数形式，那么谓语动词也使用复数形式。Tom is a good student.汤姆是个好学生。They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。意义一致又称为概念一致原则，指的是谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达单复数意义，而不取决于表面上的语法联系。My family are having lunch now.我们一家人现在正吃午饭。Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。就近一致又称为近邻一致原则，指的是主语由两个或两个以上的名词或代词构成，谓语动词的单复数形式应与紧邻的名词或代词保持一致。Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。There is a pen and some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。考向二：不定代词作主语1. 当作主语的名词前有each，neither，either，every修饰或each，neither，either作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Each student has a book. 每一个学生都有一本书。Either answer is correct. 两个答案都是正确的。Neither parent is with him. 他的父母都没有和他在一起。Every minute is important to us. 每一分钟对大家都很重要。2. 当复合不定代词someone，anyone，somebody，anybody，nobody，everybody，something，anything，nothing，everything等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Somebody is waiting for you outside. 有人在外面等你。Is everybody here today? 今天大家都到了吗？ Something is wrong with my watch. 我的手表出故障了。Nobody was away yesterday. 昨天没有人离开。考向三：There be和Here be的就近原则There be和Here be 结构后面接并列名词时，谓语动词be均应与最近的名词在数上保持一致。There is a pen，a pencil，a knife and three books on the desk. 书桌上有一支钢笔，一支铅笔，一把刀和三本书。Here are some flowers and a card. 这里有一些花和一张卡片。【母题1】【来源】【2020 • 安徽省芜湖市九年级毕业暨升学模拟考试（三）】The number of students in our school _______ 620 and a number of them _______ from the same village.A. is, is B.  are, are C. is, are D. are, is【母题2】【来源】 【2020 • 上海市长宁区、金山区一模】Not only Tom but also Gail      fond of watching football games every summer.A．is             B．are            C．was              D．were【母题3】【来源】 【2020 •广东珠海市北大附属实验中学九年级上学期10月调研】—Not only Tom’s parents but also Tom ______ traveling is a good way to experience different cultures.           —So do I.A. thinks B. think C. doesn’t think D. don’t think【母题4】【来源】【2019 • 山东青岛市集团校联考初中学生学业水平模拟考试】The number of the students in my class _____ fifty. A large number of them _____ from the countryside.A．is, are      B．is, is         C．are, is     D．are, are【母题5】【来源】【2019 • 山东省蒙阴县九年级下学期期中测试一轮考试英语试题】There_____ a basketball game between these two grades in the gym this afternoon.A．will    B．is going to have    C．is going to be    D．will have