山东省烟台市2022届高三上学期期末学业水平诊断英语试卷(含答案)

这是一份山东省烟台市2022届高三上学期期末学业水平诊断英语试卷(含答案)，共20页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，语法填空，书面表达，读后续写等内容，欢迎下载使用。
山东省烟台市2022届高三上学期期末学业水平诊断英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________

一、阅读理解
Here are four beach destinations for you to take a unique vacation in the sunshine.
Zanzibar, Tanzania
Whether you’re dining at restaurants directly on the sand or listening to live music, the islands of Zanzibar are rich with culture. The Stone Town features narrow stone streets meant for bicycles. It’s a great place to buy produce and creative goods while taking in the Arabian architecture. You can sail into the sun on wooden boats, do yoga on the white sand or go diving.
Sardinia, Italy
Sardinia is well known for its natural settings—mainly the beaches and the volcanic Monte Urtigu. With boat tours, hidden beaches and valley adventures featuring flowing waterfalls, water activities are everywhere. But the island has plenty of other experiences as well. Go wine tasting, learn to bake bread or take a historical tour of local archeological (考古) sites.
Bodrum, Turkey
For a truly unique beach experience, visit Bodrum in Turkey. The ancient city is home to historic baths, hot springs, ancient ruins and underwater archeology museums. This area is also ideal for rafting trips, sea fishing and more. There is also a lot of wildlife living on the island and in its surrounding waters.
Tenerife, Spain
Tenerife is big on water sports and adventures, offering things like jet skiing, sailing and diving with dolphins. This area is home to various museums like the Museo Municipal and the local museum of natural history. Don’t forget to visit the local temples, ruins and gardens.
1、What makes Zanzibar special?
A. Its hot springs. B. Its stone streets.
C. Its historical ruins. D. Its open-air concerts.
2、What can a tourist do in Bodrum?
A. Visit the volcano. B. Explore underwater museums.
C. Enjoy the local wine. D. Experience valley adventures.
3、If you enjoy diving with sea animals, which is the best choice?
A. Zanzibar. B. Sardinia. C. Bodrum. D. Tenerife.
    It’s a sunny afternoon at the Bronx Zoo, in New York City. Children are excited as a female Asian elephant named Happy comes into view. Waving her ears from side to side and wrapping her trunk around the fence leisurely, Happy seems to be living a happy life.
    The Bronx Zoo is one of about 60 zoos in the U.S. where you can see an elephant. With the number of Asian elephants declining every year—only about 50,000 are left in the wild—a zoo might be the only chance any of us will ever get to see one.
    But the Nonhuman Rights Project(NhRP), an animal—rights group, says Happy is lonely. A fence separates her from Patty, another elephant. Contact through a fence isn’t enough, the NhRP says. Steven is the group’s president. “We understand what Happy’s life means to her,” he says, “which is almost nothing at all.”
    So the NhRP is taking the Bronx Zoo to court. The group says Happy should be moved to a protected area where she can have space to hang about and interact with other elephants. The NhRP’s case against the Bronx Zoo is the first of its kind in the U. S. The group is relying on a legal order meant for humans. It says a person who has been unlawfully imprisoned must be released. The NhRP will argue in court that Happy should have that same right.
    Experts say elephants are intelligent and thrive when they form social ties in the wild. Joyce Poole studies them in Africa. She thinks keeping elephants in a city is “a recipe for disaster”. “As you can imagine, if you were locked behind bars and lost freedom, would there be much you could do?” she says.
    But the Bronx Zoo insists that Happy is well cared for according to animal protection laws Besides, some people claim removing animals like Happy from zoos would be a mistake because zoos reach more people than any other group involved with conservation. They believe if there’s a time when children can no longer visit zoos to grow up with a connection to the animals, it’ll come at a great cost.
4、What do the first two paragraphs mainly tell us?
A.Asian elephants are becoming extinct.
B.Zoos allow people to bond with wild animals.
C.Zoos are the safest shelter for Asian elephants
D.The elephants in zoos are disturbed by visitors
5、Why is the NhRP taking the Bronx Zoo to court?
A.The zoo breaks animal protection laws.
B.They find Happy is suffering from ill health.
C.They think the zoo restricts Happy’s freedom
D.The zoo fails to meet the visitors’ requirements.
6、What is Joyce’s attitude to keeping elephants in a city?
A.Opposed. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Cautious.
7、What can we infer from the text?
A.The court will stand by the Bronx Zoo.
B.Children will have less access to nature.
C.More wild animals will be released from zoos.
D.It will be challenging for the NhRP to win the case.
To fight against the ballooning waistlines among people, several U.S. cities have instituted taxes on drinks with added sugar aiming to reduce consumption, but new research suggests these policies currently have one fundamental flaw.
The study found sugary drink taxes only reduce purchasing if price tags (标签)at stores mention consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink.
The research included a field study at two convenience stores in San Francisco, which currently has a tax on sugary drinks of I cent per ounce. Researchers varied the price tags placed on the sugary drinks over the eight-week study: one tag that simply said the price for the 12-ounce drink($1.52)and one that had the price and the message "Includes SF Sugary Drink Tax". All non-sugary drinks, which weren't subject to the tax, simply had the price of the drink($1.40).
The researchers compared sales of the drinks during the study period to the two weeks before the study began when the sugary drink tax was in effect but there were no price tags on any drinks. Results showed sales of sugary drinks weren't lower during the two weeks, compared to sales before the tax, indicating the tax itself didn't reduce purchases of sugary drinks.
The researchers then looked at the effects of the two different price tags. Results showed the share of sugary drinks purchased when the tags simply showed the price wasn't significantly different from the two-week period before the study, but did decline slightly when the tags mentioned the price included the added tax.
In a separate online study, the researchers asked participants to estimate what the tax would be on a can of their favorite drink that cost $1.52.The average estimate was 40 cents-much higher than the 12 cents actually demanded in San Francisco. When told the tax was only 12 cents, they reported they'd still purchase the drink.
The findings suggest price tags should mention the tax but not the amount, for consumers tend to overestimate how much the tax is. "If cities want these policies to be effective, they need to regulate how sugary drinks are labeled at stores and they currently don't do that," said Donnelly, lead author of the study.
8、What does the underlined word "flaw" mean in the first paragraph?
A.Weakness. B.Solution. C.Imbalance. D.Evidence.
9、What kind of price tags may discourage customers from buying sugary drinks?
A.Price tags bearing sugar content. B.Price tags with the exact tax on them.
C.Price tags saying added tax included. D.Price tags just showing the total price.
10、Which of the following may be Donnelly's suggestion?
A.Stores label sugary drinks at will. B.Cancel sugary drink taxes at once.
C.Publicize the impacts of sugary drinks. D.Cities urge stores to use proper price tags.
11、What might be the best title for the text?
A.A New Way to Prevent Fatness
B.Eating Habits and Food Consumption
C.Sugary Drink Taxes Aren't Working Well
D.Non-sugary Drinkers Benefit from New Policies
From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert—those individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently. However, not all of us are wired that way-so is being an extrovert really better?
While thinking of an extrovert, we imagine a character who is determined, approachable, cheerful and charming. We are taught to admire these personalities early on. Kids are often encouraged to interact, play and communicate with other children. It seems at times as though children are made to have a more outgoing lifestyle, with some people becoming false extroverts—introverts who copy extrovert behavior. While externally they may seem to enjoy the company of others, or being in the center of public attention, they can still become over-extended in intense social situations.
So, while the positive aspects of being an extrovert are plain to see, what are the benefits of introversion? Although extroverts depend on social interaction, introverts are more comfortable with levels of isolation (隔离). According to Dr Berit, a college professor, extreme isolation, such as times like the lockdown, does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact, something extroverts rely on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even death.
But it's not just in an extreme situation that an introvert shines through. These people seem to have more time for deep thought and thus can become more balanced. They also tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning they could become great friends. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give them more time to watch the behavior of others.
So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.
12、What is a distinctive characteristic of an extrovert?
A.Intelligent. B.Considerate. C.Sociable. D.Responsible.
13、Which statement is true according to Dr Berit?
A.Introverts should learn from extroverts.
B.Extroverts tend to become better friends.
C.Introverts prefer staying cut off from others.
D.Extroverts find it tougher to handle isolation.
14、What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us?
A.The influence of introverts. B.The strengths of being introverts.
C.The causes of introverts' behavior. D.The personalities of false introverts.
15、What's the purpose of the text?
A.To state a viewpoint. B.To advocate a lifestyle.
C.To introduce a technique. D.To describe a phenomenon.
二、七选五
16、 Children are naturally curious beings. ①_______ Teachers and parents often find themselves making use of rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers, or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren’t the answer?
Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as “inner motivation”. ②_______ And it’s easy to understand why — it’s hard to study something we aren’t actively engaged with, and if we’re passionate about the information we’re digesting, it feels more fulfilling.
External motivation, things like rewards and punishment, does have its uses too. Praise and stimulation based on achieving good grades or fear of punishment has been acknowledged to motivate older students. ③_______ So, if it’s the case that natural curiosity is motivation for better learning, how can we stimulate that interest?
④_______ Let children see their learning as their own thing and give them a bit more choice of what and how they learn. For example, if you want to teach children to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it’s a graphic (连环画) novel, TV guide or classic literature, the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is achieved.
Likewise, build a relationship with children as learners and listen to their negative feelings. If they are unwilling to get involved in an activity, don’t rush to use threats or rewards. Try to find out why. Perhaps it’s simply because they feel the activity boring. ⑤_______
All in all, the answer to motivating children, especially the young ones, comes from inspiring their inner motivation. Once their inner motivation is generated, the children will be fired up.
A. The key is to allow some degree of freedom.
B. Children who see learning as fun are better at it.
C. It doesn’t have as much effect at an early age, though.
D. Then explain its value, even if it doesn’t seem appealing.
E. It’s unapparent whether they lack inner or external motivation.
F. Even top students have days when they aren’t motivated for learning.
G. But getting them to study what they aren’t interested in can be a tricky task.
三、完形填空（15空）
The COVID-19 distances people from each other. However, it also 1 friendships between people who would have otherwise never become friends. In the case of 92-year-old Mary, that friend happens to be her two-year-old neighbor, Ben.
The lockdown in 2020 was particularly 2 for Mary, who has been living 3 . With nobody around her, she had to spend most of her time watching TV. Ben was also 4 at home, unable to play with other kids.
Their unusual friendship developed 5 . At first, Mary would 6 at Ben from her window whenever she saw the boy in the yard. Then, she began going outside to 7 him in person. The 8 eventually expanded to daily gatherings by the fence that separated the two homes. The pair even invented a socially distanced 9 that Mary called “stick ball”. Ben threw his ball towards the fence and Mary got her walking stick, 10 over the fence and hit the ball back.
When the two were unable to meet in the yard in bad weather, Ben’s mother kept the friendship 11 by calling at Mary’s porch (门廊) with the baby.
The bond has blossomed even further since Mary got vaccinated (打疫苗) earlier this year. Mary 12 Ben with a colorful toy truck collection that had once belonged to her grandson. The boy returned the 13 with a gift of his own—a pile of sand that he carefully carried in his small hands and dropped at her door.
Now the pair are often seen high-fiving across the fence or sitting outside Mary’s house, blowing bubbles (泡泡). What a 14 scene! Friendship really knows no 15 .
17、A. draws on B. wears out C. brings back D. results in
18、A. dangerous B. hard C. unfair D. strange
19、A. well B. out C. alone D. nearby
20、A. stuck B. locked C. left D. deserted
21、A. suddenly B. gradually C. secretly D. randomly
22、A. stare B. point C. wave D. shout
23、A. hug B. contact C. welcome D. greet
24、A. routine B. tradition C. appointment D. exercise
25、A. device B. game C. rule D. concept
26、A. jumped B. turned C. reached D. knocked
27、A. pure B. precious C. alive D. formal
28、A. gifted B. reminded C. convinced D. guided
29、A. trust B. service C. company D. favor
30、A. heart-warming B. bitter-sweet C. familiar-looking D. hard-won
31、A. backgrounds B. boundaries C. strategies D. consequences
四、语法填空
32、 The Jiangsu countryside stretching between the cities of Suzhou and Shanghai is home to a lot of small beautiful water towns, many of which ①_____(locate) along the Grand Canal, an artificial canal connecting Hangzhou to Beijing with the aim of bringing supplies of goods to the imperial capital.
One of these towns is Tongli, which is easily ②_____(access) to tourists from the nearby city of Suzhou. ③_____(build) in the Song Dynasty, the town offers pleasant views and landscapes of traditional China, characterized by picturesque canals crossed by arch bridges and whitewashed houses that overlook the water.
Walking along the narrow alleys(巷), you can admire ④_____ interesting number of well-preserved traditional houses, temples and gardens. The atmosphere is ⑤_____(exceptional) peaceful compared to most popular sites that are ruined by mass tourism and commercialization. Yes, Tongli is home to a great many souvenir shops and local products, but what amazed me was ⑥_____ well the town is preserved despite being open to tourism: a good balance ⑦_____ commercial activities and local life. So in spite of its ⑧_____(popular), Tongli maintains a quiet, laid-back feeling, making it an ideal destination for visitors who seek peace and leisure.
I ⑨_____(take) scores of pictures while touring Tongli, which I hope may inspire travelers to add this pretty water town to their trips. My impression of Tongli is so positive that I've been meaning ⑩_____(go) back with my family for their first visit to China.
五、书面表达
33、假定你是李华，得知你的留学生朋友Peter准备写一份中国乡村生活报告。请给他写一封邮件，邀请他寒假到你的家乡体验生活，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.体验内容及意义；
3.表达希望。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
TALK TO ME
Mom was having a surgery on her throat. She had lost her voice four years before. Mom loved writing and was a popular newspaper columnist among the online circles.
“We really believe you’ll get your voice back. The surgery will work. Right, Mom?” I stared into Mom’s eyes, eager for a positive answer. Expressionless, Mom lifted her eyes from her laptop and pulled out one of the post-its (便利贴) that were stuck to the plastic case of the LCD display. It said “Yes”. I pursed my lips.
Her eyes fell back to her laptop. She didn’t smile, and she didn’t even look at me while raising the post-it in front of me as if she didn’t care at all. But I did. I was desperate to hear her speak again. She meant the world to me.
But Mom was not in the least excited about getting her voice back, because it was her third surgery and the last two didn’t work out. She was hopeless.
“Dad will be here soon,” I told Mom. She shrugged (耸肩).
Just then Dr Smith entered the ward. “Relax, Lisa. There’s a good chance that your mom can speak after the surgery,” he comforted me. And I nodded with a forced smile. After two nurses wheeled Mom away to the operating room, I sat outside as the surgery went on. Resting my elbows on my knees, I buried my head in my hands, praying for the surgery to go well.
Mom had developed throat cancer. When she woke up one morning as a mute (哑巴), I cried my eyes out though I was tired of her continually lecturing me about my improper behavior. Being unable to hear her voice was heart-breaking. Worse still, she no longer smiled at Dad and me and stopped giving us those morning hugs I always looked forward to. I couldn’t bear seeing her like this, so helpless, so quiet. All those post-its saying “I love you”, “I miss you”… had lost their meanings. Recalling all this, I couldn’t help weeping.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I felt a hand on my shoulder.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Dad and I held Mom’s hands until she woke up.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段The Stone Town features narrow stone streets meant for bicycles.石城的特色是狭窄的石头街道,这是为自行车准备的。可知,是石头街道让Zanzibar非常特别,故选B。
2、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The ancient city is home to historic baths, hot springs, ancient ruins and underwater archeology museums.这座古城拥有历史悠久的浴场、温泉、古遗址和水下考古博物馆。可知,游客在Bodrum可以探索水下博物馆,故选B。
3、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Tenerife is big on water sports and adventures, offering things like jet skiing, sailing and diving with dolphins.特内里费岛热衷于水上运动和冒险活动,提供水上摩托、帆船和与海豚一起潜水等活动。可知,如果你喜欢和海洋动物一起潜水,Tenerife是最好的选择,故选D。
4、答案：B
解析：段落大意题。根据第一、二段It's a sunny afternoon at the Bronx Zoo, in New York City. Children are excited as a female Asian elephant named Happy comes into view, a zoo might be the only chance any of us will ever get to see one.这是纽约市布朗克斯动物园一个阳光明媚的下午。当一头名叫Happy的雌性亚洲象出现时,孩子们都很兴奋。动物园可能是我们唯一能看到动物园的机会。可知,动物园允许人们与野生动物近距离接触,让他们之间建立联系,故选B。
5、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段The group says Happy should be moved to a protected area where she can have space to hang about and interact with other elephants.该组织表示,Happy应该被转移到一个保护区,在那里她可以有空间与其他大象闲逛和互动。可知,NhRP将Bronx Zoo告上法庭是因为他们认为动物园限制了Happy的自由,故选C。
6、答案：A
解析：观点态度题。根据第五段She thinks keeping elephants in a city is "a recipe for disaster", "As you can imagine, if you were locked behind bars and lost freedom, would there be much you could do?" she says.她认为在城市里饲养大象是"一种灾难","正如你所能想象的,如果你被关在监狱里,失去了自由,你还能做什么?"她说。可知,Joyce对于在城市里养大象是持反对态度的。A.Opposed反对的;B.Uncaring不关心的;C.Supportive支持的;D.Cautious谨慎的。故选A。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段Besides, some people claim removing animals like Happy from zoos would be a mistake because zoos reach more people than any other group involved with conservation. They believe if there's a time when children can no longer visit zoos to grow up with a connection to the animals, it'll come at a great cost.此外,一些人声称,从动物园中移除像Happy这样的动物是一个错误,因为动物园接触到的人比任何其他参与保护的团体都多。他们相信,如果有一天,孩子们不能再去动物园与动物们一起成长,那将付出巨大的代价。可知,大部分人们对于将大象饲养在城里的动物园是持支持态度的,说明NhRP想要赢得案件的胜利还是具有很大挑战性的,故选D。
8、答案：A
解析：词句猜测题。根据划线词上文中的but new research suggests these policies currently have one fundamental.(但新的研究表明,这些政策目前有一个基本原则。) 以及第二段The study found sugary drink only reduce purchasing if price tags at stores mention consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink. (研究发现,只有当商店的价签上提到消费者在购买含糖饮料时支付了这一税,含糖饮料才会减少购买。)可知,研究发现,只有当商店的价签提到消费者在购买饮料时支付要该税时,含糖饮料才会减少购买,说明新的研究表明这些政策目前有一个弱点。故划线词意思是"弱点"。A.Weakness弱点;B.Solution.解决方案;C.Imbalance.不平衡;D.Evidence.证据。故选A。
9、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的The study found sugary drink only reduce purchasing if price tags at stores mention consumers are paying that tax when they buy the drink(研究发现,只有当商店的价签提到消费者在购买饮料时要支付该税时,含糖饮料才会减少购买。)可知,包含增值税的价格标签可能会阻止消费者购买含糖饮料。故选C。
10、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中"If cities want these policies to be effective, they need to regulate how sugary drinks are labeled at stores and they currently don't do that," said Donnelly, lead author of the study.(该研究的主要作者Donnelly说:"如果城市希望这些政策有效,他们需要规范含糖饮料在商店的标签,而目前他们还没有这样做。")可知,D选项"城市敦促商店使用合适的价格标签"是Donnelly的建议。故选D。
11、答案：C
解析：标题确定题。根据第一段中的To fight against the ballooning waistlines among people, several U.S. cities have instituted taxes on drinks with added sugar aiming to reduce consumption, but new research suggests these policies currently have one fundamental flaw.(为了对抗人们不断膨胀的腰围,美国的几个城市已经开始对添加糖的饮料征税,旨在减少消费,但新的研究表明,这些政策目前有一个根本缺陷。)结合文章主要说明了这一政策的缺陷是什么以及研究是如何开展的。由此可知,C选项"含糖饮料税效果不佳"最符合文章标题。故选C。
12、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中"From a young age, many of us learn the benefits of being an extrovert—those individuals who always seem to be the life and soul of the party, often outspoken and able to express their opinions fluently.(我们中的许多人从小就了解到性格外向的好处—这些人似乎总是派对的生命和灵魂,经常直言不讳,能够流利地表达自己的观点)"可推知,外向者的显著特征是擅长社交。故选C。
13、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中"According to Dr Berit, a college professor, extreme isolation such as times like the lockdown, does not affect introverts as much as extroverts. Lack of social contact, something extroverts rely on, can lead to depression, loneliness, and even death.(大学教授贝里特博士表示,像封锁这样的极度隔离对内向者的影响并不像外向者那么大。缺乏社会联系,这是外向者所依赖的东西,会导致抑郁、孤独,甚至死亡)"可知,D选项"外向的人发现很难处理孤独"正确。故选D。
14、答案：B
解析：段落大意题。根据第四段"But it's not just in an extreme situation that an introvert shines through. These people seem to have more time for deep thought and thus can become more balanced. They also tend to be good listeners and think before they speak, meaning they could become great friends. Finally, introverts are often fantastic observers, as sitting out of the focus can give them more time to watch the behavior of others.(但内向的人并不只是在极端的情况下才会表现出色。这些人似乎有更多的时间来深入思考,因此可以变得更平衡。他们也往往是很好的倾听者,说话前会思考,这意味着他们可以成为很好的朋友。最后,内向的人往往是出色的观察者,因为坐在焦点之外可以给他们更多的时间去观察别人的行为)"可知,第4段主要告诉我们内向者的优势。故选B。
15、答案：A
解析：写作意图题。根据最后一段"So, whatever your personality, either introvert or extrovert, there are clear advantages to being either, and if you meet an introvert, you might just end up with an amazing friend.(所以, 无论你的性格是内向还是外向,两者都有明显的优势,如果你遇到一个内向的人,你可能最终会交到一个很棒的朋友)"结合文章主要说明了外向者和内向者不同的特点和各自的优势,同时指出疫情封锁对这两种人的影响。可推知,这篇文章的目的是陈述观点。故选A。
16、答案：①-⑤GBCAD
解析：①推理判断题。根据上文"Children are naturally curious beings.(孩子们天生好奇)"以及后文"Teachers and parents often find themselves making use of rewards in the form of stars, promises of high grades and wonderful careers, or threats of punishment. But what if rewards and threats aren't the answer? (老师和家长经常发现自己利用星星、高分和美好事业的承诺或惩罚的威胁等形式的奖励。但如果奖励和威胁不是解决办法呢?)"可知,后文提到老师和家长需要依靠一些奖惩手段来让孩子学习,说明本句与上文构成转折,指出让孩子学习不敢兴趣的东西很困难,G选项中them指代上文Children。故G选项"但是让他们学习他们不感兴趣的东西可能是一项棘手的任务"符合语境,故选G。
②推理判断题。根据上文"Natural curiosity is sometimes referred to as 'inner motivation'.(天生的好奇心有时被称为'内在动机')"以及后文"And it's easy to understand why it's hard to study something we aren't actively engaged with, and if we're passionate about the information we're digesting, it feels more fulfilling.(我们很容易理解为什么学习一些我们没有积极参与的东西是很难的,如果我们对我们正在消化的信息充满热情,就会感到更有成就感)"可知,后文解释了为什么学习一些我们没有积极参与的东西是很难的,可见让孩子主动学习需要激起孩子学习的乐趣,故B选项"把学习视为乐趣的孩子更擅长学习"符合语境,故选B。
③推理判断题。根据上文"External motivation, things like rewards and punishment, does have its uses too. Praise and stimulation based on achieving good grades or fear of punishment has been acknowledged to motivate older students.(外部动机,比如奖励和惩罚,也有它的用处。在取得好成绩或害怕受到惩罚的基础上给予表扬和激励,已经被认为是对年长学生的激励)"以及后文"So, if it's the case that natural curiosity is motivation for better learning, how can we stimulate that interest?(所以,如果天生的好奇心是更好学习的动力,我们该如何激发这种兴趣呢?)"可知,后文提到了给予惩罚和奖励可以激励年长学生,可知本句旨在说明惩罚和奖励在孩子早期时的作用,故C选项"尽管它在早期没有那么大的影响"符合语境,故选C。
④推理判断题。 根据后文"Let children see their learning as their own thing and give them a bit more choice of what and how they learn. For example, if you want to teach children to read, let them choose which book they use. Whether it's a graphic novel, TV guide or classic literature, the aim of stimulating their appetite for reading is achieved.(让孩子把学习看作是他们自己的事情,在学习什么和如何学习方面给他们更多一点的选择。例如,如果你想教孩子们阅读,让他们选择他们使用的书。无论是漫画小说、电视指南还是经典文学,激发他们阅读欲望的目的已经实现了)"可知,本段的主旨是给予孩子更多一点的选择,即"允许一定程度的自由"。故A选项"关键是允许一定程度的自由"符合语境,故选A。
⑤推理判断题。 根据上文"Likewise, build a relationship with children as learners and listen to their negative feelings. If they are unwilling to get involved in an activity, don't rush to use threats or rewards. Try to find out why. Perhaps it's simply because they feel the activity boring.(同样地,与作为学习者的孩子建立一种关系,倾听他们的消极感受。如果他们不愿意参与一项活动,不要急于使用威胁或奖励。试着找出原因。也许只是因为他们觉得这个活动很无聊)"可知,本句承接上文,说明找出原因的过程,D选项中it指代上文the activity。故D选项"然后解释它的价值,即使它看起来不吸引人"符合语境,故选D。
17、答案：D
解析：考查动词短语及语境理解。A.draws on利用;B.wears out磨损;C.brings back拿回来;D.results in导致,引起。句意:然而,它也会让原本永远不会成为朋友的人们之间产生友谊。根据后文"friendships between people who would have otherwise never become friends"可知,新冠在人们之间产生友谊,故选D。
18、答案：B
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.dangerous危险的;B.hard困难的;C.unfair不公平的;D.strange奇怪的。句意:2020年的封锁对一直独自生活的玛丽来说尤为艰难。根据后文"With nobody around her, she had to spend most of her time watching TV."可知,玛丽独自生活,所以2020年的封锁对她来说尤为艰难。故选B。
19、答案：C
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.well好地;B.out出去;C.alone独自地;D.nearby附近地。句意:2020年的封锁对一直独自生活的玛丽来说尤为艰难。根据后文"With nobody around her"可知玛丽独自生活。故选C。
20、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.stuck粘,困在;B.locked锁上;C.left离开;D.deserted抛弃。句意:本也被困在家里,不能和其他孩子一起玩。根据后文"at home, unable to play with other kids"可知,本也被困在家里,不能和其他孩子一起玩。故选A。
21、答案：B
解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.suddenly突然;B.gradually逐渐地;C.secretly秘密地;D.randomly随机地。句意:他们不同寻常的友谊逐渐发展起来。根据上文"Their unusual friendship developed"可知友谊是逐渐发展起来的。故选B。
22、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.stare凝视;B.point指出;C.wave挥动;D.shout叫喊。句意:起初,每当玛丽看到院子里的男孩时,她都会从窗口向本挥手。根据后文"at Ben from her window"指从窗口向本挥手,故选C。
23、答案：D
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.hug拥抱;B.contact联系;C.welcome欢迎;D.greet问候。句意:然后,她开始出去亲自问候他。根据上文"Then, she began going outside to"可知,玛丽走出去,亲自问候本。故选D。
24、答案：A
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.routine常规;B.tradition传统;C.appointment任命;D.exercise锻炼。句意:这种惯例最终发展到每天都聚集在两家之间的栅栏旁。根据上一段内容可知,他们一开始只是互相打招呼,后来这种惯例最终发展到每天都聚集在两家之间的栅栏旁。故选A。
25、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.device设备;B.game游戏;C.rule规则;D.concept概念。句意:两人甚至还发明了一种社交隔离游戏,玛丽称之为"棍球"。 根据后文"Ben threw his ball towards the fence and Mary got her walking stick"可知两人玩起了游戏。故选B。
26、答案：C
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.jumped跳跃;B.turned转弯;C.reached到达;D.knocked敲击。句意:本把球扔向篱笆,玛丽拿起拐杖,越过篱笆把球打了回去。根据后文"over the fence and hit the ball back"指越过篱笆把球打了回去,应用reach over越过"。故选C。
27、答案：C
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.pure纯洁的;B.precious宝贵的;C.alive活着的;D.formal正式的。句意:当天气不好时,他们俩不能在院子里见面时,本的母亲带着孩子到玛丽家的门廊拜访,以维持他们之间的友谊。结合上文"When the two were unable to meet in the yard in bad weather. Ben's mother kept the friendship"可知,本的母亲带着孩子到玛丽家的门廊拜访,以维持他们之间的友谊,keep sth. alive表示"维持"。故选C。
28、答案：A
解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.gifted赠送;B.reminded提醒;C.convinced说服;D.guided指导。句意:今年早些时候,玛丽接种了疫苗,她送给本一个五颜六色的玩具卡车收藏,这个玩具卡车曾经属于她的孙子。结合后文"Ben with a colorful toy truck collection that had once belonged to her grandson"可知,玛丽把一个五颜六色的玩具卡车送给了本,后文"with a gift of his own"也是提示。故选A。
29、答案：D
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.trust信任;B.service服务;C.company公司;D.favor支持。句意:男孩用他自己的一份礼物回报了她--他小心翼翼地用小手捧着一堆沙子放在她的门口。上文提到玛丽送给本玩具卡车,所以男孩用自己的礼物回报她。return the favor表示"回报"。故选D。
30、答案：A
解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.heart-warming暖心的;B.bitter-sweet悲喜交加的;C.familiar-looking面熟的;D.hard-won来之不易的。句意:多么温暖人心的场面啊!根据上文"Now the pair are often seen high-fiving across the fence or sitting outside Mary's house blowing bubbles."可知两人隔着篱笆击掌,或者坐在玛丽的房子外面,吹着泡泡,这一场面温暖人心。故选A。
31、答案：B
解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.backgrounds背景;B.boundaries边界;C.strategies策略;D.consequences结果。句意:友谊是没有界限的。根据上文故事内容可知,两人虽然在疫情期间被隔离,但还是发展出了友谊,说明友谊没有界限。故选B。
32、答案：①are located②accessible③Built④an⑤exceptionally⑥how⑦between⑧popularity⑨took⑩to go
解析：①考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：位于苏州和上海之间的江苏农村有很多美丽的水乡小镇，其中很多都坐落在大运河边上，大运河是连接杭州和北京的一条人工运河，目的是为皇城输送物资。结合句意表示"位于"短语为be located,根据上文is home to可知为一般现在时，定语从句中与先行词towns保持一致，谓语应用复数形式。故填are located。
②考查形容词。句意：同里镇就是其中之一，从附近的苏州来的游客可以很容易地到达这里。此处作is的表语，应用形容词accessible，表示"可到达的"。故填accessible。
③考查过去分词。句意：建于宋朝的古镇拥有令人愉悦的传统中国景观，其特色是有拱桥横跨的如画般的运河和俯瞰水面的粉刷成白色的房屋。分析句子结构可知build在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语town构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Built。
④考查冠词。句意：沿着狭窄的小巷，你可以欣赏到许多保存完好的传统房屋、寺庙和花园。结合句意表示"许多"可知短语为a number of，此处interesting是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
⑤考查副词。句意：与被大规模旅游和商业化破坏的最受欢迎的景点相比，这里的气氛格外平静。修饰形容词peaceful应用副词exceptionally,作状语。故填exceptionally。
⑥考查表语从句。句意：是的，同里有很多纪念品商店和当地产品，但令我惊讶的是，尽管对旅游业开放，但同里的保存十分完好：商业活动和当地生活之间的良好平衡。此处引导was的表语从句，且表示"多么完好，十分完好"应用how well。故填how。
⑦考查固定短语。句意：是的，同里有很多纪念品商店和当地产品，但令我惊讶的是，尽管对旅游业开放，但同里的保存十分完好：商业活动和当地生活之间的良好平衡。结合句意表示"……之间"可知短语为between...and...。故填between。
⑧考查不可数名词。句意：因此，尽管同里很受欢迎，但它保持着一种安静、悠闲的感觉，使它成为寻求宁静和休闲的游客的理想目的地。空处作宾语，表示"受欢迎"应用名词popularity，表抽象概念不可数。故填popularity。
⑨考查动词时态。句意：我在同里旅游的时候拍了很多照片，我希望这些照片能激励游客把这个美丽的水乡添加到他们的旅行中。描述过去发生的动作应用一般过去时。故填took。
⑩考查动词不定式。句意：我对同里的印象非常好，我一直想和第一次来中国的家人再来一次。此处为短语mean to do sth.，表示"打算做某事"。故填to go。
33、答案：
Dear Peter,
Knowing that you are writing a report about Chinese rural life, I sincerely invite you to my hometown to spend the coming winter vacation.
My hometown is a typical village of northern China, where you can not only be exposed to the living environment of the villagers but also truly experience their daily life in every aspect. Meanwhile, you can participate in the colorful activities in celebration of the Spring Festival and immerge yourself in the authentic Chinese culture. All this will provide rich first-hand materials for your report.
I believe it will be a rewarding experience. Looking forward to your coming.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：
34、答案：
Then I felt a hand on my shoulder. Looking up tearfully, I found it was Dad. “Dad!” I got up and threw myself into his arms. “Mom will be fine,” Dad comforted me, patting my back gently. “I hope so too,” I whispered. Three hours had passed before Dr Smith came out. Dad and I sprung up and rushed forward. Dr Smith told us the surgery was a success and that Mom would be able to speak when she woke up. We were overwhelmed by joy. Before long, Mom was wheeled back to the ward.
Dad and I held Mom’s hands until she woke up. “Honey, you can speak now,” Dad said fondly. But we found no sign of pleasure in Mom’s eyes. “Mom, say something,” I encouraged her. Ignoring me, Mom attempted to pull out a post-it saying “Hi”. “No more post-its! Talk to me! You can, Mom!” I seized her hand tightly and gazed deep into her eyes, trying to give her courage. Hesitant, Mom opened her mouth, forcing out a weak “Hi”. Strange as it sounded, it was the loveliest voice I’d ever heard. We three embraced, tears of happiness streaming down our cheeks.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的母亲喜欢写作，是网上很受欢迎的报纸专栏作家，但是母亲得了喉癌，无法说话了，经历了三次手术后，母亲终于能说话了。
高分句型一
Looking up tearfully，I found it was Dad.
翻译：我含泪抬头一看，原来是爸爸。
分析：运用了现在分词作状语。
高分句型二
Dr. Smith told us the surgery was a success and that Mom would be able to speak when she woke up.
翻译：史密斯医生告诉我们手术很成功，妈妈醒来后就能说话了。
分析：运用了that引导的宾语从句。