2022-2023学年广东省东莞市东莞中学松山湖学校高一上学期第一次检测英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2022-2023学年广东省东莞市东莞中学松山湖学校高一上学期第一次检测英语试题（解析版），共26页。试卷主要包含了15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2021-2022学年度第一学期第一次检测
高一英语
(考试时间：120分钟)
注意事项：
1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考场、考号等信息
2.请将答案正确填涂在答题卡上，答题卡共两张。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题)
一、听力(共两节，满分20分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where are the speakers?
A. At a swimming pool. B. In a clothing shop. C. At a school lab.
2.What will Tom do next?
A. Turn down the music. B. Postpone the show. C. Stop practicing.
3.What is the woman busy doing?
A. Working on a paper. B. Tidying up the office. C. Organizing a party.
4.When will Henry start his vacation?
A. This weekend. B. Next week. C. At the end of August.
5.What does Donna offer to do for Bill?
A. Book a flight for him. B. Drive him to the airport. C. Help him park the car.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Why does Pete call Lucy?
A. To say that he’ll be late. B. To tell her about his work. C. To invite her to dinner.
7.When is Pete going to see Lucy?
A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 6:45 pm. C. At 8:00 pm
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.Why does Cathy want to quit her job?
A. She’ll join another firm. B. She’ll run her own business. C. She’s fed up with it.
9.What is Mark’s attitude towards Cathy’s decision?
A. Forgiving. B. Sympathetic. C. Supportive.
10.What might Cathy do for the present company?
A. Apply for a project.
B. Train a new person.
C. Recommend an engineer.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.How did the man feel about his performance today?
A. Greatly encouraged. B. A bit dissatisfied. C. Terribly disappointed.
12.What did the man say helped him overcome the problem?
A. Patience. B. Luck. C. Determination.
13.What is the woman doing?
A. Conducting an interview. B. Holding a press conference. C. Hosting a ceremony.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14.What is next to the apartment building?
A. A restaurant. B. A laundry. C. A grocery store.
15.Which is included in the rent?
A. Electricity. B. The Internet. C. Satellite TV.
16.What does the woman think of the apartment?
A. It’s quite large. B. It’s well furnished. C. It’s worth the money.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.Where is Jeff from?
A. Liverpool. B. Coventry. C. Newcastle.
18.Where do young men go to watch big games according to Jeff?
A. Pubs. B. Stadiums. C. Friends’ homes.
19.Why does Jeff have to pick a team to support?
A. To avoid being bothered.
B. To open a conversation.
C. To earn respect from others.
20.What does Jeff mainly talk about?
A. England’s moment of success.
B. English flag as a symbol of hope.
C. England’s all-time favorite sport.
二、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
A
Job for You!
Family Alliance Meal Delivery
Family Alliance is looking for people who can deliver hot Chinese meals one to two times a week for people with disabilities in north suburban Fairfield County.
All applicants must have a driver’s license and access to a car. Gas will be covered for each delivery.
For more information, contact Charles Chen at cchen@famd.com or call 740-6668988.
Lancaster Design
We provide full furnishings, like donated kitchen equipment and furniture items, for the new homes of people who were once homeless.
We need people who can work at our warehouse（仓库）sorting and packing items to be delivered to families, repair donated furniture and more. Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.
Interested? Submit your application to www.lancasterdesign.org or call 740-6119735.
Lancaster Weekly
Would you like the opportunity to earn extra cash close to home? If so we have a vacancy in our team which would suit you.
Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our newspaper. You may have to cover some distance. Bicycles are available if needed.
For more information, call 740-6538360.
Parkview Nursing Home
Caregivers are wanted. We seek people who are patient and caring, and who have experience and interest in working with older adults.
As part of the package, initial and follow-up training sessions are provided and accommodation is available if required.
For more details, visit us at Unit 3 Park View Lane or contact Ellen White at 740-6968399.
1. Which job requires a driver’s license?
A. Delivering meals.
B Working at the warehouse.
C. Delivering newspapers.
D. Working at the nursing home.
2. Which of the following is TRUE about the Lancaster Design job?
A. Applicants are expected to design furniture.
B. Work is arranged according to one’s skill set.
C. It favors applicants who are homeless.
D. It involves collecting furniture from homes.
3. A middle-school student is most likely to be hired by ________.
A. Parkview Nursing Home
B. Lancaster Design
C. Lancaster Weekly
D. Family Alliance Meal Delivery
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章刊登了四则招工广告。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一则广告Family Alliance Meal Delivery第二段“All applicants must have a driver’s license and access to a car.（所有的申请人都必须有驾照并要有可使用的汽车。）”可知，第一则广告招聘外卖送餐工，并要求应聘者有驾照。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二则广告Lancaster Design的第二段“Candidates will be matched with a task based on skill set.（应聘者将会被安排与自己技术相匹配的任务。）可知，B项（Lancaster Design job的工作是根据个人的技能来安排的。）这一表述正确。故选B项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三则广告Lancaster Weekly 的第二段“Both adults and youngsters aged 13+ are required to deliver our newspaper.（成人和13岁以上的青少年都可以投递我们的报纸。）可知，中学生（13+）也有可能会被Lancaster Weekly雇佣。故选C项。
B
I am only 12 years old, but I know grief and the fear of death very well.My grandfather has been smoking since he was an ignorant adolescent and now he has a dreadful disease called emphysema that ruins the respiratory(呼吸的） system.
Ever since my grandmother died, my grandfather has been depressed-mad at the world.He is an exceedingly ornery man and has said some hurtful words to nice people who cared about him. Nevertheless when he is around me, it's like a whole soft side of him becomes exposed. For this,I felt fortunate enough to plant tender seeds into his iron- heart.
Recently, my grandfather got very sick, he underwent surgery on his throat and had medicine called a respirator to help him breathe. The doctors thought that his days were numbered, but miraculously he recovered, he was taken off the respirator and still couldn't work.It strained his voice badly to make the slightest noise. While my grandfather was in hospital, my mother and I flew to Pittsburgh to keep him company. On the way,fear that we would not see him again enveloped us.When we reached my grandfather's hospital room, I was shocked by his condition,his wrinkled face deadly pale. He was hardly able to even grunt somehow, though he managed to mumble“ I you”.
“You what grandpa?” , I purred.It seemed that he didn't have any energy to answer me With great difficulty,he had exhausted all his strength with those two syllables(音节）
The next morning my mother and I were obliged to leave, but I kept wondering just what it was he had tried so desperately to tell me. It was not until I was back home in Georgia that I learned what he had tried to say.A week after we returned home, my family received a phone call from one of the nurses in the hospital,and she told us that my grandfather had said :“Call my granddaughter and tell her love.”At first I was a little confused, thinking why he would just say love, why not I love you, then it hit me the day we were in the hospital——he'd been trying to say I love you. I was really touched. I felt as if I was going to cry and I did after many painful weeks.Fortunately,my grandfather was ultimately able to talk. I called him every night. Normally he had to stop after about 5 minutes because he was so weak.No matter what, though, every time we hung up he would say I love you and I'd do anything for you. Along with his moving words, you're my only reason I live are the best compliments I have ever received.
My grandfather is very ill and I know our time is limited, I feel very honored that he has shared his true feelings with me, I have learned a lot from his experience particularly the most significant thing is a simple I- love -you, it's really not simple，not just meaning caring,showing compassion or strengthening family bonds.It means a temperamental(性情的） inspiration and spiritual power that encourages the loved to break through their shackles(桎梏）of living.
4. Which following statement about the author’s grandpa is true ?
A. Grandpa used to be a self-disciplined teenager who led a healthy life.
B. Grandpa tended to show his love to his granddaughter.
C. In face of the disease,grandpa never quit struggling desperately
D. Grandpa’s ill condition and abrupt death saddened the author a lot
5. Why did the author get confused about the two syllables?
A. They were too vague to be recognized accurately due to grandpa’s disease.
B. Love is something needless to depict so vagueness is the understatement.
C. She was so shocked by grandpa’s condition that she became absent-minded
D. She underwent those miserable weeks with her grandpa unconcernedly
6. According to the passage,which is the best suited definition of love?
A. Selfless sacrifice B. Showing the truest of you
C. Reaching out bravely D. Deep-rooted spiritual strength
7. What’s the best title of the passage?
A. Grandpa Taught: The Legacy of Understanding
B. Grandpa Related: A Fairy Tale About Healing
C. Grandpa Changed:The Power Of Caring
D. Grandpa Shared:The Reason For Living
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过与爷爷分享：活着的理由，让我们深深地理解到对爱的最好定义是“根深蒂固的精神力量”。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段中“A week after we returned home, my family received a phone call from one of the nurses in the hospital,and she told us that my grandfather had said :‘Call my granddaughter and tell her love.’At first I was a little confused, thinking why he would just say love, why not I love you, then it hit me the day we were in the hospital——he'd been trying to say I love you.（我们回家一周后，我的家人接到了医院一位护士打来的电话，她告诉我们祖父说:“给我孙女打电话，告诉她我的爱。”“一开始我有点困惑，想着为什么他只会说‘爱’而不是‘我爱你’，然后我们在医院的那天我突然想到——他一直想说‘我爱你’。”）”由此可知，爷爷倾向于向孙女表达他的爱。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“When we reached my grandfather's hospital room, I was shocked by his condition,his wrinkled face deadly pale. He was hardly able to even grunt somehow, though he managed to mumble‘I you’.（当我们到达祖父的病房时，我被他的病情震惊了，他布满皱纹的脸惨白得要命。不知怎么的，他甚至连咕噜咕噜的声音都没有，但他还是咕哝了一声“我你”。）”和第四段中“‘You what grandpa?’ , I purred.It seemed that he didn't have any energy to answer me With great difficulty,he had exhausted all his strength with those two syllables(音节）（“你爷爷呢?我咕噜着说。他似乎没有力气回答我了。他好不容易才把力气都用在这两个音节上）”由此可知，作者之所以会对这两个音节感到困惑，是因为由于爷爷的病，它们太模糊了，无法准确地辨认出来。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“My grandfather is very ill and I know our time is limited, I feel very honored that he has shared his true feelings with me, I have learned a lot from his experience particularly the most significant thing is a simple I- love -you, it's really not simple，not just meaning caring, showing compassion or strengthening family bonds. It means a temperamental(性情的） inspiration and spiritual power that encourages the loved to break through their shackles(桎梏）of living.（我爷爷病得很重,我知道我们的时间是有限的,我觉得很荣幸,他跟我分享了他的真实感受,我学到了很多从他的经验特别是最重要的事情是一个简单的我——爱——你,真是不简单,不仅意味着关心、同情或加强家庭纽带。它是一种气质的灵感和精神力量，鼓励被爱的人冲破生活的枷锁。）”由此可知，根据文章，对爱的最好定义是“根深蒂固的精神力量”。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“No matter what, though, every time we hung up he would say I love you and I'd do anything for you. Along with his moving words, you're my only reason I live are the best compliments I have ever received.（无论如何，每次我们挂断电话，他都会说我爱你，我愿意为你做任何事。伴随着他感人的话语“你是我活着的唯一理由”，是我收到过的最好的赞美。）”和最后一段“My grandfather is very ill and I know our time is limited, I feel very honored that he has shared his true feelings with me, I have learned a lot from his experience particularly the most significant thing is a simple I- love -you, it's really not simple，not just meaning caring, showing compassion or strengthening family bonds. It means a temperamental(性情的） inspiration and spiritual power that encourages the loved to break through their shackles(桎梏）of living.（我爷爷病得很重,我知道我们的时间是有限的,我觉得很荣幸,他跟我分享了他的真实感受,我学到了很多从他的经验特别是最重要的事情是一个简单的我——爱——你,真是不简单,不仅意味着关心、同情或加强家庭纽带。它是一种气质的灵感和精神力量，鼓励被爱的人冲破生活的枷锁。）”由此可知，本段最佳主题是“爷爷分享:活着的理由”。故选D。
C
Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.
Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.
“That’s what’s so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said. “They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.”
Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal’s call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.
Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: “Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mothers back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so that’s not unique to humans,” said Dr Hobaiter.
Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”.
“The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. ”
8. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?
A. Memorizing specific words. B. Understanding complex information.
C. Using voices to communicate. D. Communicating messages on purpose.
9. What did Dr Shultz think of the study?
A. It was well designed but poorly conducted.
B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.
C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.
D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.
10. What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Difference. B. Conflict. C. Balance. D. Connection.
11. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough
B. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills
C. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom
D. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们通过跟踪和拍摄乌干达的黑猩猩群，翻译出了黑猩猩用来交流的手势含义。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.(她说，只有人类和黑猩猩有一个交流系统，它们故意向其他成员发送信息)”可知，根据Dr Hobaiter，黑猩猩和人类的共同点在于故意传递信息。故选D。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第六段中的“Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were a little disappointing.(曼彻斯特大学的进化生物学家苏珊娜·舒尔茨博士说，这项研究是值得称赞的，它试图丰富我们对人类语言进化的知识。但是，她补充说，结果有点令人失望)”可知，这项研究是一个好的尝试，但是发现的结果是有限的。故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。首先根据第三段中的“They’re the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.(在这方面，它们是唯一看起来像人类语言的东西)”可知，黑猩猩的手势交流很像我们人类语言的交流方式。但是根据最后一段中的“Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communications.(此外，这些含义似乎并不超越其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的信息)”可知，黑猩猩手势的交流方式还是和我们语言的交流方式存在不同的，也就是“So, it seems the gulf remains.(所以，看来差异依然存在)”。由此可知，划线词gulf与difference意思接近。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees use to communicate.(研究人员表示，他们已经翻译出了野生黑猩猩用来交流的手势的含义)”以及文章对这方面的讨论可知，文章主要讲科学家们对黑猩猩手势的研究及一些成果。由此可知，D项Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated(黑猩猩语言：翻译出来的交流手势)适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。
D
Visual language is a form of communication that uses visual elements (元素) as opposed to formal written language to convey meaning or an idea. Graphicacy, the ability to communicate visually, is considered as important as literacy and numeracy, the abilities to read and count. Some people are visual thinkers, using that part of the brain that is emotional and creative to process and give meaning to information. Visual communication can find expression in paintings, drawings, symbols, or simply lines and shapes arranged for a specific effect.
Art is an example of visual language. A painting or sculpture can convey ideas or arouse specific kinds of emotional responses. It may also express ideas about historical events, abstract concepts, or simply be about the way certain shapes or forms “work” together or create a certain effect on the mind. Some researchers believe that different parts of the brain respond in unique ways to colors and shapes.
Pictograms (象形文字) and ideograms (表意文字) are types of visual language. Pictograms are pictures that are similar to what they represent. They are still used today to communicate information. Many people around the world are familiar with the pictograms indicating such things as airports, public facilities, and non-smoking areas indicated by a cigarette in a circle with a line across it. Ideograms are pictures that represent ideas and can often be understood without the aid of written language. Some scholars track modern alphabets to pictures. Letters are actually ancient pictures, and words are a series of pictures. Modern alphabet letters are not only phonetic (语音的) symbols but are based on ancient religious images and symbols.
Musivisual communication is also a part of visual language. The term refers to music created specifically to improve the visual experience of film. It corresponds to the images being seen on the screen, and the music arouses a sense of terror, fear, or other emotions. Most movie goers understand the language of musical clues showing that something dramatic or important is about to happen.
12. What is Visual language according to the text?
A. An idea conveyed by artists.
B. An ability to read and count.
C. A system used to arouse emotions.
D. A way of processing and expressing information.
13. What may be the origin of the modern alphabet letters?
A. Public facilities. B. Imaginary lines.
C. Living conditions. D. Religious images.
14. What can we learn about the music of a film from the last paragraph?
A. A visual thinker can make it better.
B. It can help the audience predict the plot.
C. It often changes without the audience’s notice.
D. It makes the film more emotional and complex.
15. What can be the best title for the text?
A. What Is Visual Language?
B. What Is the Origin of Language?
C. How can We Learn Visual Language?
D. How does Visual Language Affect Life?
【答案】12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了什么是视觉语言及它的用途。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Visual language is a form of communication that uses visual elements (元素) as opposed to formal written language to convey meaning or an idea.”（视觉语言是一种交流形式，它使用视觉元素而不是正式的书面语言来传达意义或想法。）可知，视觉语言是一种交流形式，它使用视觉元素来传达意义或想法，由此可知，视觉语言是一种处理和表达信息的方式。故选D项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“Modern alphabet letters are not only phonetic (语音的) symbols but are based on ancient religious images and symbols.”（现代字母表的字母不仅是语音符号，而且是基于古老的宗教形象和符号。）可知，现代字母表的字母是基于古老的宗教形象和符号而产生的，由此可知，现代字母表的字母的起源可能是宗教形象。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段关键句“Most movie goers understand the language of musical clues showing that something dramatic or important is about to happen.”（大多数电影观众都能理解音乐的语言，这些音乐暗示着一些戏剧性或重要的事情即将发生。）可知，电影里的音乐暗示着一些戏剧性或重要的事情即将发生，由此可推断出，电影音乐可以帮助观众预测接下来即将发生的情节。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读文章，结合第一段关键句“Visual language is a form of communication that uses visual elements (元素) as opposed to formal written language to convey meaning or an idea.”（视觉语言是一种交流形式，它使用视觉元素而不是正式的书面语言来传达意义或想法。）可知，文章主要介绍了什么是视觉语言，并在后文分别介绍了“pictograms”、“ideograms”和“musivisual communication”等不同种类的视觉语言，“What Is Visual Language?”意为“什么是视觉语言？”能够概括文章主要内容。故选A项。
三、七选五(共5小题，每小题2.5 分)
Taking good notes
Have you ever stared at your heavy textbook your piles of handouts and wished you knew just what questions your teacher planned to put on the next big test? Lacking a crystal ball, most students feel they have no choice but to look through all that material, drill it into their brains, and hope they can remember the right parts as test time.
___16___If you learn the best ways to take good notes you’ll make the job of studying for tests a lot easier from now on.
Keep up with your assigned textbook reading. Come to class with an interest in the material and with questions to be answered. You can develop these by thinking about and expecting the lecture and by pre-reading the text.___17___
Date each day’s notes and leave wide margins（页边空白）. Dated notes guide you to the right material to study for a test. At test time, the extra margins give you room to add more information if you need it.___18___
Write down main ideas and underline or highlight them. Main ideas give you the big picture of information, the reasons why events took place. Write out a main idea whenever you think you hear one.____19____This kind of notetaking helps you connect related information, making it easier for you to remember it for a test later on.
Use abbreviations and symbols to make note taking easier. Here are a few simple ones:
+: plus, and
=: equal, same as, similar, like
Eg: for example
w/o: without
___20___If you write down something that doesn’t make sense, talk to someone right away to clear up the problem.
A. Write out a main idea.
B. See your teacher or a classmate about confusing notes.
C. That’s the hard way to study.
D. This gives you an overall sense of what the text is about.
E. Then use single words or short phrases to list related details that tie into the big idea.
F. Also, the extra space will make it easier for you to find the material.
G. When you are prepared, your teachers comments make more sense.
【答案】16. C 17. G 18. F 19. E 20. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了上课做笔记的方法.
【16题详解】
第一段所提到的办法“most students feel they have no choice but to look through all that material, drill it into their brains, and hope they can remember the right parts as test time.”（大多数学生觉得他们别无选择，只能浏览所有的材料，把它们牢牢记住，并希望在考试时能记住正确的部分。）这样做比较费力，所以下文作者才会给读者介绍做笔记的方法。C项符合此处语境，在文中起承上启下的作用。故选C。
【17题详解】
根据空前“Come to class with an interest in the material and with questions to be answered. You can develop these by thinking about and expecting the lecture and by pre-reading the text.”（带着对材料的兴趣和需要回答的问题来上课。你可以通过思考和期待讲座和预读文本来发展这些。）G项的prepared与该空前的with questions to be answered和pre-reading相呼应。G项：当你准备好了，你的老师的评论就更有意义了。切题。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据空前“At test time, the extra margins give you room to add more information if you need it.　　　　　　　”（在考试时，额外的边距给了你足够的空间来添加更多的信息，如果你需要的话。）F项的the extra space承接该空前的the extra margins 。F项：另外，多余的空间会让你更容易找到素材。切题。故选F。
【19题详解】
根据“Write out a main idea whenever you think you hear one.”（每当你听到一个主旨的时候，把它写下来。）本段是关于总结大意的，故写下大意后，紧接着应该列出支撑大意的细节信息。这与下文提到的“This kind of notetaking helps you connect related information, making it easier for you to remember it for a test later on.”（这种方法帮你将零散的信息联系起来，帮助你更好地记忆它们）相呼应。故E项：然后用单个单词或短语列出与主旨相关的细节。切题。故选E。
【20题详解】
此处考查该段的主旨句。根据空后“ you write down something that doesn’t make sense, talk to someone right away to clear up the problem.”（你写下一些不合理的东西，马上和别人谈谈，把问题解决掉。）B项中的confusing和your teacher or a classmate与该段的doesn,t make sense和someone —一对应。B项：找你的老师或同学讨论混淆笔记的问题。切题。故选B。
四、完形填空(共15题，每小题1分)
“Life is precious....To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that ____21____, saying I’m cold, hungry, or tired?” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this ____22____ woman, and what carried her through a life of hard ____23____.
As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply ____24____ by her mother’s death. At age 18, ____25____following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. “Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother ____26____ , thinking of the high tuition fees.
Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the highest prize. She ____27____ became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident hysician in the PUMC Hospital.After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in the US. She greatly ____28____ her American colleagues,who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, ____29____ the offer. She wanted to serve the women and children ____30____.
The new Poeple’s Republic of China ____31____ Dr Lin Qiaozhi playinga key role. She was elected to be the first National People’s Congress and held many important ____32____. Her heart, however,was ____33____. She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research and training doctors.
Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as the “mother of ten thousand babies,” having delivered over 50.000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until the day she ____34____, 22 April 1983.Even as she lay dying;her ____35____ thoughts were for others.
21. A. belief B. trust C. feeling D. virtue
22. A. old B. professional C. amazing D. single
23. A. choices B. times C. facts D. businesses
24. A. encouraged B. touched C. disturbed D. affected
25. A. regardless of B. instead of C. ahead of D. in spite of
26. A. doubted B. wondered C. complained D. insisted
27. A. immediately B. surprisingly C. eventually D. suddenly
28. A. envied B. shocked C. appreciated D. impressed
29. A. disliked B. rejected C. withdrew D. made
30. A. in need B. at school C. in hospital D. at home
31. A. prevented B. had C. saw D. caught
32. A. positions B. activities C. meetings D. records
33. A. nowhere B. anywhere C. everywhere D. elsewhere
34. A. passed away B. passed by C. passed out D. passed off
35 A. real B. final C. positive D. anxious
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了林巧稚医生的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生命是宝贵的……对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么能说我又冷又饿又累，拒绝这种信任呢？A. belief信念；B. trust信任；C. feeling感觉，感受；D. virtue美德。由前文“if they entrust me with that life”可知，此处指的是人们对林巧稚的信任。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：林巧稚医生的这些话让我们了解了这位了不起的女性的内心，以及是什么让她经历了艰难的选择。A. old旧的，老的；B. professional职业的；C. amazing了不起的；D. single单身的。根据文章第一句话和后文介绍的林巧稚的突出成就，我们知道她是一个了不起的女性。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. choices选择；B. times时光；C. facts事实；D. businesses生意。根据后文“she chose to study medicine.”和文章的描述可知，此处指林巧稚做出了一些艰难抉择。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个五岁的小女孩，林巧稚深受母亲去世的影响。A. encouraged鼓励；B. touched感动；C. disturbed打扰；D. affected影响。由后文“by her mother’s death.”可知，五岁时，林巧稚的母亲去世了，这对她有很大的影响。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样遵循传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学医。A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. instead of代替；而不是；C. ahead of早于；D. in spite of虽然。由后文“she chose to study medicine.”可知，因为林巧稚学医了，这与大多数女孩那样遵循传统的婚姻道路不一样，所以此处需用instead of。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为什么女孩子要学那么多？找到一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标！” 想到高昂的学费的弟弟抱怨道。A. doubted怀疑；B. wondered想知道；C. complained抱怨；D. insisted坚持。由后文“thinking of the high tuition fees.”可知，因为学医费用昂贵，所以弟弟对姐姐学医的决定开始抱怨。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她立即成为第一位被聘为北京协和医院（PUMC）住院医师的女性。A. immediately立刻；B. surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. eventually最终；D. suddenly突然。根据前文“Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the highest prize.”可知，林巧稚医学院一毕业，就成为了一名北京协和医院（PUMC）住院医师。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给她的美国同事留下了深刻的印象，他们邀请她留下来。A. envied嫉妒；B. shocked使吃惊；C. appreciated感激，欣赏；D. impressed给……留下印象。由后文“who invited her to stay.”可知，因为她给美国同事留下了深刻的印象，所以美国同事邀请她留下来。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，林巧稚医生拒绝了这一提议。A. disliked不喜欢；B. rejected拒绝；C. withdrew撤退；D. made制作。由转折副词however可知，林巧稚拒绝了美国同事的挽留。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：她想为祖国的妇女和儿童服务。A. in need困难的，有需要的；B. at school在学校；C. in hospital住院；D. at home在家。前文说美国医院想要挽留林巧稚，但她拒绝了。由此可知，此处表示她想回家，为祖国的妇女和儿童服务。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：中华人民共和国成立见证了林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。A. prevented阻止；B. had有；C. saw目睹，见证；D. caught抓住。根据后文“Dr Lin Qiaozhi playinga key role.”可知，中华人民共和国成立见证了林巧稚发挥了更大的作用。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她当选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，担任过许多重要职务。A. positions职位；B. activities活动；C. meetings会议；D. records记录。由前文“She was elected to be the first National People’s Congress”可知，因为林巧稚当选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，所以此处表示她担任过很多重要职务。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的心却在别处。A. nowhere没有地方；B. anywhere任何地方；C. everywhere所有地方；D. elsewhere在别处。由后文“She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research and training doctors.”可知，虽然担任很多重要职务，但她更对医学感兴趣，所有此处表示心在别处。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：林巧稚医生直到1983年4月22日去世才退休。A. passed away去世；B. passed by经过；C. passed out昏倒；D. passed off顺利进行。根据后文“Even as she lay dying”和常识可知，林巧稚医生于1983年4月22日去世。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在她弥留之际，她最后的想法还是为别人着想。A. real真实的；B. final最后的；C. positive积极的；D. anxious着急的。由前文“Even as she lay dying”可知，因为在弥留之际，所有此处指的是林巧稚医生最后的想法，此时她想到的还是别人。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)
五、语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At 10:20 am, July 24, Saturday, 2021, the first gold medal of the 2020 Olympics was ___36___ (official) won by China's Yang Jing in Japan. Yang Qian earned gold in the women's 10-meter air rifle（步枪）to take home the long-awaited first medal. The 21-year-old is ____37____ rising star in the sport. Yang, ____38____ was ranked sixth in the qualification, scored 251.8 points in the final, beating Russian Galashina’’s 251.1 points to set off Team China to a fine start at the ____39____ (postpone) Tokyo games. As the first champion of the 2020 Games, Yang ____40____ (award) her medal by International Olympic Committee (IOC) president Thomas Bach.
“It's an ____41____ (believe) thing that I can be here. The competetion was really tight, but I'm so happy that I could win,” Yang said after ____42____ (claim) the first gold medal of the Games and for China. “I'm so happy that this golden medal is a gift ____43____ my country. I'm so pround.” But she had to keep calm to do it. “During the match, I was very nervous ____44____ my heart was beating very fast, but I just tried to be _____45_____ (I) and keep my emotions in control." the shooter added.
【答案】36. officially
37. a 38. who
39. postponed
40. was awarded
41. unbelievable
42. claiming
43. for##to
44. and 45. myself
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。短文报道了中国选手杨倩射落东京奥运会首金。
【36题详解】
考查副词。句意：2021年7月24日星期六上午10:20，中国选手杨倩在日本正式夺得2020年奥运会的第一枚金牌。副词officially修饰动词won。故填officially。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：21岁的她是体育界的一颗冉冉升起的新星。star为可数名词，泛指“一颗冉冉升起的新星 ”，rising 首字母的发音为辅音音素，冠词为a。故填a。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在资格赛中排名第六的杨倩在决赛中获得251.8分，击败了俄罗斯加拉希纳的251.1分，为中国队在推迟一年举行的东京奥运会上创造了一个良好的开端。Yang为先行词，做非限制性定语从句的主语，关系代词为who。 故填who。
【39题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：在资格赛中排名第六的杨倩在决赛中获得251.8分，击败了俄罗斯加拉希纳的251.1分，为中国队在推迟的东京奥运会上创造了一个良好的开端。空处填非谓语动词作定语，postpone与Tokyo games在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。 故填postponed。
【40题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：作为2020年奥运会的首位冠军，杨倩由国际奥委会主席托马斯·巴赫亲自颁奖。本句在描述过去发生的事情，所以为一般过去时，主语Yang与谓语award为被动关系。 故填was awarded。
【41题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我能在这里是一件难以置信的事情。形容词修饰名词，根据句意以及“an”可知，空处填形容词unbelievable作定语。 故填unbelievable。
【42题详解】
考查动名词。句意：竞争真的很激烈，但我很高兴我能赢，”杨倩在为中国赢得本届奥运会的首枚金牌后说。after为介词后接动名词作宾语。故填claiming。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：我很高兴这枚金牌是送给我的国家的礼物。a gift for/to“给…..的礼物”。故填for/to。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：在比赛中，我非常紧张，我的心脏跳得非常快，但我只是努力做我自己，控制我的情绪。根据句意可知，前后为并列关系。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：在比赛中，我非常紧张，我的心脏跳得非常快，但我只是努力做我自己，控制我的情绪。主语与宾语表达同一个人时，宾语为反身代词。主语为I，宾语为myself。故填myself。
六、应用文写作(满分20分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校交换生 Jack 想申请加入学校手拉手志愿者俱乐部（Hand in Hand Volunteer Club)，向你咨询相关情况，请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1. 表示支持；
2. 介绍一些主要的志愿活动；
3. 申请方式。
注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
2. 文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Jack,
Delighted to know that you are interested in Hand in Hand Volunteer Club, I am in favor of you and I'm writing to provide some details about it with you.
As we all know, being volunteers can make our life colorful and meaningful. There are various activities in our Hand in Hand Volunteer Club. Firstly, we offer help to those in need on a regular basis, such as looking after the elderly and cleaning the public places. Besides, we are encouraged to help students around us. Any help will be welcomed.
If you want to join us, please contact us by email: hihvc@163.com.

Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给交换生Jack回信，回复他关于学校手拉手志愿者俱乐部的咨询。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
支持：support→in favor of
不同的：different→various
定期：regularly→on a regular basis
老年人：the old→the elderly
2. 句式拓展
简单句变强调句
原句：Any help will be welcomed.
拓展句：It is any help that will be welcomed.
【点睛】[高分句型1]Delighted to know that you are interested in Hand in Hand Volunteer Club, I am in favor of you and I'm writing to provide some details about it with you.（形容词短语作状语）
[高分句型2] As we all know, being volunteers can make our life colorful and meaningful.（as引导非限制性定语从句）
七、单词拼写和单句语法(每小题1分，满分15分)
第一节单词拼写(满分7分)
根据中文提示，在空格中填入单词的适当形式，使句子完整。并将答案填写在标号为66~72的相应位置上。
47. I didn’t ______(认出)him until he took off his sunglasses.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognize
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：直到他摘下墨镜我才认出他来。didn’t 后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填recognize。
48. The Great Wall is one of the most famous tourist ______(目的地)in Beijing. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destinations
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：长城是北京最著名的旅游景点之一。tourist destination 旅游目的地。 one of the +形容词最高级 +复数名词。根据汉语提示及句意，故填destinations。
49. Tom gave a ______(详细的)description of the Summer Palace. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】detailed
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：汤姆详细地描述了颐和园。表示“详细的”应填形容词detailed，作定语修饰名词description。故填detailed。
50. It is important to leave a good first ______(印象)on the interviewer when seeking a job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】impression
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：找工作时，给面试官留下良好的第一印象是很重要的。根据汉语提示“印象”可知，应填名词impression，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词。故填impression。
51. We spent a whole day ______(探索) the Shaanxi History Museum. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】exploring
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们花了一整天的时间参观陕西历史博物馆。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事，explore (探索)用动名词形式作宾语。故填exploring。
52. An adult has to be ______(负责的)for what he does. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】responsible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：成年人必须对自己的所作所为负责。be responsible for对……负责。根据汉语提示及句意，故填responsible。
53. That guy talks big but doesn’t ______(实际上)do anything. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】actually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：那家伙夸夸其谈，但实际上什么也不做。根据汉语提示“实际上”可知，此处应填副词actually作状语修饰动词do。故填actually。
第二节单句语法(满分8分)
根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在标号为73~80的相应位置上。
54. We find ______ necessary but challenging to spread Chinese culture worldwide effectively. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】it
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我们认为，有效地向世界传播中华传统文化很难但很有必要。固定结构find it + adj. + to do sth.意为“发现做某事是很……样的”，其中it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式结构。故填it。
55. I can’t wait to appreciate the ______(amaze) sunrise on the top of Mount Huang. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】amazing
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我迫不及待地想欣赏黄山山顶令人惊叹的日出。空处应填形容词修饰名词sunrise，结合句意表示“令人惊叹的”用amazing。故填amazing。
56. —Hi, Lucy! What’s your plan for the weekend?
—I ______(set) out for Changsha for red leaves. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will set
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：——嗨，露西！你周末的计划是什么？——我要去长沙看红叶。根据“plan for the weekend”可知，此处使用一般将来时。故填will set。
57. Those addicted ______ e-games are killing themselves slowly. (用适当词填空)
【答案】to
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：沉迷于电子游戏的人正在慢慢地自杀。be addicted to沉迷于。根据句意，故填to。
58. We are looking forward to ______(watch) the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】watching
【解析】
【详解】考查动名词。句意：我们正期待着观看2022北京冬奥会。look forward to“期待……”中的to是介词，故空处用watch的动名词形式作宾语。故填watching。
59. Using proper learning ________ (strategy) can save you a lot of time to remember the key points. （所给词的适当形式填空）
【答案】strategies
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：使用合适的学习策略能够为你节省大量的时间去记忆要点。表达：学习策略，英语用learning strategy。由于策略不止一种，因此要用复数。故填strategies。
60. It is strongly recommended that the machines ______(check) once every month. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】(should) be checked
【解析】
【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：强烈建议机器每月检查一次。It is strongly recommended that...为固定句型，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，根据关键词recommend可知，that从句使用虚拟语气，谓语动词使用should+动词原形，should可以省略，the machines和check为被动关系，需用被动语态。故填(should) be checked。
61. She gave me an ______(annoy) look, seeming to express her anger. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】annoyed

【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她生气地看了我一眼，似乎在表达她的愤怒。名词look前用形容词修饰，修饰表情，表示主观感受，用v-ed形式的形容词。根据句意，故填annoyed。
八、句子考查(共7小题，81~85小题，每空0.5分，86~88每小题3分，满分15分)
根据以下各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。
62. Mike works hard day and night in order to achieve his wildest dream.(同义句改写)
Mike works hard day and night ______ ______ he can achieve his wildest dream.
【答案】 ①. so ②. that
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：为了实现他最疯狂的梦想，迈克夜以继日地努力工作。分析句子可知，需要替换的部分是“in order to”，改写后的句子需用so that引导目的状语从句。故填①so②that。
63. It makes no sense if we don’t ______ what we’ve learned ______(运用)our work and life.(根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. apply ②. to
【解析】
【详解】介词短语。句意：如果我们不把我们学到的东西应用到我们的工作和生活中，那是没有意义的。apply...to...把……运用到……。助动词don’t后接动词原形。根据汉语提示及句意，故填apply; to。
64. I prefer taking extreme sports to competing in regular sports.(同义句改写)
I prefer ______ ______ extreme sports rather than ______ in regular sports.
【答案】 ①. to ②. take ③. compete
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我喜欢极限运动，不喜欢参加常规运动。固定句型prefer doing...to doing...可以替换成prefer to do...rather than do...，表示“宁愿做某事而不做某事”。故填①to②take③compete。
65. To make greater achievements, you’d better ______ ______ ______(充分利用)of your spare time. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. make ②. good ③. use
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：要想取得更大的成就，你最好充分利用你的业余时间。表示“充分利用”应用动词短语make good use of，had better do sth.为固定用法，表示“最好做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填①make②good③use。
66. A student lost in daydreaming is hard to ______ ______(专注于)his studies. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. concentrate ②. on
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：做白日梦的学生很难集中精力学习。表示“专注于”应用动词短语concentrate on，位于动词不定式符号to后面需用动词原形。故填①concentrate②on。
67. In 2016, Coach Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil.(改写为强调地点的强调句)
【答案】It was in Brazil that Coach Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in 2016.
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：2016年，正是在巴西，郎平教练率女排夺得了奥运会金牌。强调句的结构为It is/was +强调部分 +that从句。本句强调地点状语 in Brazil 。根据时间状语 in 2016可知，用一般过去时。故答案为It was in Brazil that Coach Lang Ping led her volleyball team to Olympic gold in 2016.
68. Obviously, a school is a place where students acquire knowledge and learn how to behave well.(用主语从句改写)
It ______________________________
【答案】is obvious that a school is a place where students acquire knowledge and learn how to behave well.
【解析】
【详解】考查主语从句。句意：显然，学校是一个学生获得知识和学习如何表现良好的地方。在主语从句中，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，代替主语从句放在句首，而把主语从句置于句末，构成常用句型It + be + 形容词 + that从句，其中形容词为原句中Obviously的形容词形式obvious；改写为主语从句后，后文where引导的地点状语从句保留不变。故答案为is obvious that a school is a place where students acquire knowledge and learn how to behave well.
69. 到目前为止，我们班百分之五十的同学报名参加了游泳课。(汉译英)
【答案】So far, fifty percent of the students in our class have signed up for swimming lessons.
【解析】
【详解】考查动词时态，主谓一致和短语。表示“到目前为止”应用so far，这个短语是现在完成时的标志词，句子使用现在完成时；表示“我们班百分之五十的同学”应用fifty percent of the students in our class；表示“报名参加”应用sign up for，此处使用现在完成时，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用have；表示“游泳课”应用swimming lessons。故翻译成：So far, fifty percent of the students in our class have signed up for swimming lessons.