河南省豫东名校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底联考英语试题含答案

这是一份河南省豫东名校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底联考英语试题含答案
河南省豫东名校2022-2023学年高三上学期开学摸底联考英语试题一、阅读理解AMany summer camps have had to cancel their programming due to COVID-19. So we have found a great selection of virtual summer camps for your children.Happy Camper LiveAges: 5~18Cost: $499 a month .What is special about Happy Camper Live is that there are hundreds of camp adventures and experiences to choose from to offer your children unique camp experience. Children can make fun with a world-class athlete, play volleyball with a national high school champion and learn a new art, craft or musical instrument.Smart Robots Virtual CampAges: 7~11Cost: $179 for two weeksCampers will receive a smart coding robot of choice and learning materials and apps to get them started in this camp. This camp is made as much of a social experience as possible. At the end of camp, each child will be certificated as a “junior coder”, have made penfriends for life and have new skills and knowledge to bring into their classrooms in the fall.Written Out LoudAges: 8~17Cost: $250 per weekThe storytelling school Written Out Loud has transformed its program to a virtual storytelling workshop. Founded in 2018 by a Hollywood film-maker, Witten Out Loud offers classes for children aged 8 to 17 that combine a range of disciplines such as creative writing, film-making and even improving comedy. Got Game Summer AcademyAges: 4~12Cost: $195 for two weeksWith a focus on reading, writing and math, Got Game will help your children stay academically on track while still having fun in an energized virtual learning environment. Children will receive personalized attention from teachers while also participating in games that center around communication on group projects and building individual skills.1. What’s special about Happy Camper Live?A. It offers a large number of different activities.B. It’s the most expensive of the four camps.C. It focuses on improving musical skills.D. It was founded by a world-class athlete.2. Where can campers make penfriends with others?A. In Written Out Loud. B. In Happy Camper Live.C. In Smart Robots Virtual Camp. D. In Got Game Summer Academy.3. What do Written Out Loud and Got Game Summer Academy have in common?A. They enable children to learn while playing games.B. They improve children’s writing skills.C. They teach children how to make films.D. They are suitable for children above 12.B“My ocean is my life.” These are the powerful words of Andre Miller, a marine(海洋的) scientist. He is also the owner of a dive shop that places heavy upon the exploration and conservation of his hometown’s waters.As a young child, Andre would be fascinated by tales of the sea told by his dad who was a fisherman. When he was six years old, his mum gave him his first equipment of diving. Then, Andre spent his time diving. Andre interned(实习) at a dive shop. With this training, the young diver was able to see new depths. But unfortunately, he saw much damage.After finishing his studies in marine biology, Andre got to work as a member of the Coastal Zone Management Unit. It was here that once again he was horrified by the rapid decline of the numbers of sea creatures and the negative effects of poor boating practices which caused havoc to the island’s coral(珊瑚). Therefore, the first mission of Andre’s team was to repair destroyed reefs and save coral. And they have been very successful in their efforts.One of Andre’s perfect moments was his role in the creation of the Carlisle Bay Marine Park. The park has now become the premier dive site in his hometown. Andre describes it as “the best textbook example of how marine parks can benefit the islands”.In 2016, Andre further promised his support of the conservation of Carlisle Bay through his work with other projects. Through their work, Andre ‘s hometown has seen an increase in underwater clean-ups, which has made marine life increase greatly. Andre’s contagious(有感染力的) passion for marine conservation doesn’t end here. He is always searching for more. Andre Miller is a man on a mission.4. What made Andre interested in marine life when he was young?A. The internship at a dive shop.B. The tales of the sea from his father.C. The participation in a class about marine life.D. The information from the textbooks and the Internet.5. What does the underlined word “havoc” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Damage. B. Harmony. C. Increase. D. Mess.6. What’s the author’s attitude towards Andre’ s work?A. Tolerant. B. Doubtful. C. Uncaring. D. Favorable.7. Which of the following can best describe Andre?A. Patient and brave. B. Careful and selfless.C. Determined and creative. D. Intelligent and outspoken. CColor can affect moods, emotions and even actions. This includes sleep and health. In ancient cultures, color therapy is even used as a method of healing.The color blue has been thought to stimulate(促进) a sleep state. Exposure to blue light can help lower body temperature and blood pressure. A decrease in blood pressure and body temperature is the preparation that signals to the body that it’s time to sleep. Therefore, seeing the color blue when you are ready to rest may cause the response and help you fall asleep more easily.While there is much evidence that blue is the best choice for your bedroom walls, it’s really the tone that influences your sleep, not the color itself. Deep blue or other neutral(中性的) tones will even make a small bedroom seem more spacious.While soft colors and earth tones are the most calming and restful bedroom colors for sleep, bright colors prevent your brain activity. These colors stimulate brain activity and stop you from falling asleep. While many parents paint their children’s rooms with bright colors, it’s better to choose fun, playful colors in gentle tones to encourage their kids to go to sleep. Light yellow, green and blue are all amazing choices to paint your children’s bedroom.What you should remember is that never paint your bedroom walls purple! Purple stimulates creative thought and can lead to extremely vivid nightmares. Other bad choices for bedroom colors include bright reds and bright oranges. These colors stimulate the brain and increase energy. For example, red causes passion, increases energy and may even help you move more quickly. It may be a better choice for your home gym than for your sleep space.Regardless of the size of your room, there are a few tones that we suggest for creating a healthy space for deep sleep. The most important factor is that you feel relaxed, calm and restful in the room. You should also keep your bedroom free from mess as much as possible and keep it clean. In your bedroom, sleep should be your main focus.8. What is the effect the color blue has on people?A. It can cause high blood pressure. B. It can keep the brain active.C. It can adjust the sleep state. D. It can cool the body down.9. Which color can help make the room look larger?A. Light grey. B. Deep pink. C. Deep red. D. Orange. 10. What’s Paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Ways to make sure of good sleep. B. Bad colors for the bedroom.C. Color and brain activities. D. The advice on health.11. What plays a key role in sleep?A. The room is decorated well. B. The room is free from rubbish.C. The room makes you feel at ease. D. The room shows different tones.DThe sounds of the Northern Lights have been a mystery to scientists for over a century. But now it seems that a researcher has figured out how auroras(极光) really make sounds.“It has pretty much been confirmed all over the world,” historian Fiona Amery said. “In Canada, Norway and Russia, they are all hearing very much the same sounds.”“The auroras can occur hundreds of kilometers above the ground, which strengthens opinions that their sounds are just a false impression,” said Fiona. Many scientists argued that auroras were too far away to hear and that any sound would take several minutes to reach the ground, so it was impossible for them to change in time with the auroras.However, other scientists were convinced that the Northern Lights really made noises. In the 1920s, Canadian astronomer Clarence Chant first suggested a mechanism by which they could occur: The motion of the aurora caused changes in the electrification of the atmosphere that created crackling sounds close to the ground. Almost 100 years later, Clarence’s suggestion seems close to what could be the true reason for the sounds.In 2012, an expert named Unto Laine showed a recording of auroral sounds after years of monitoring auroras. In 2016, he announced the mechanism that makes the sounds: an inversion layer(逆温层) of cold air in the atmosphere that can form below an aurora and a short distance above the ground in calm weather.Unto argues that visible changes in the aurora cause changes in the inversion layer, causing accumulated electricity to discharge as sparks(火花) that create sounds that can be heard. That explains how the sounds correspond with the aurora’s visible movements — they begin to happen in the inversion layer only about 75 meters above the observer.12. What are the words Fiona said in Paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The existence of the sounds of the Northern Lights.B. The need to make full use of the Northern Lights.C. The problems caused by the Northern Lights.D. The cause of the Northern Lights.13. What can we learn about Clarence’s suggestion in the 1920s?A. It matched a lot of old ideas. B. It was well recognized then.C. It might be of great value. D. It was a total failure.14. How does the author convey his idea in the text?A. By listing research numbers. B. By making comparisons.C. By providing explanations. D. By giving examples.15. Which is the most suitable title for the text?A. Can We Enjoy the Northern Lights?B. Do the Northern Lights Make Sounds?C. Why Should We Study the Northern Lights?D. How Do the Northern Lights Come into Being?二、七选五How to Benefit from VolunteeringVolunteering is a great benefit to the community. Many nonprofit organizations couldn’t survive without volunteers. However, you may not realize how much it also benefits your life to volunteer, from building up your career to making you healthier and more social.Meet new people. Volunteering is a great way to meet new people and make new friends. You’re introduced to a wide range of people when volunteering. All of these people have the potential to be new friends. Don’t be afraid to strike up a conversation with the people you meet. ___16___Strengthen relationships. Another way volunteering can help your social life is to strengthen relationships you already have. ___17___ You don’t need to do anything special. Just work alongside each other.Volunteer actively to stay healthier. Many volunteer jobs require you to do some physical work, which can help you stay healthier, particularly if you don’t get much exercise otherwise. ___18___ For instance, volunteer with your parks and recreation department to clean up parks or with Habit for Humanity to build houses.Let yourself feel accomplished. One way that volunteering contributes to a person’s health is that it gives him or her something to feel accomplished. ___19___ It will help your health because it improves well-being and gives you something to feel good about.___20___ You may think that volunteering will make you more stressed because it cuts back on your free time, but most people find just the opposite. Most people feel like they have more time when they volunteer, which in turn, cuts back on stress.A. Feel less stressed.B. The society trains us, so we also need to repay it.C. If you’re volunteering, go ahead and feel valued.D. You never know who is going to be a new friend.E. The key is to get out into your community to help.F. To help your health the most, pick active volunteer jobs.G. When you volunteer with someone you know, you get to know that person better.三、完形填空What if an animal’s main food source is very scarce in the winter? The ___21___ may be hibernation(冬眠), that is, a deep sleep which allows them to ___22___ the winter with little or no food.Ways of hibernation ___23___ widely. Some animals store food in their burrows(洞穴) to eat when they awake for short periods. Many ___24___ extra food in the fall while it is plentiful, which is ___25___ as body fat to be used later for energy.Hibernators have two kinds of ___26___ — regular white fat and special brown fat. The brown fat ___27___ near the animal’s brain, heart and lungs. Its main ___28___ is to provide extra body heat. It also sends a quick burst of ___29___ to warm these organs first when it’s time to wake up.True hibernators go into such a deep sleep that they are difficult to ____30____ and may appear dead. Their ____31____ goes down. Their breathing and heart beat slow significantly. ____32____ hibernating woodchuck’s heart rate ____33____ from 80 to 4 beats per minute, and its temperature ____34____ from 37°C to as low as 4°C. Other hibernating animals don’t experience major ____35____ in temperature, heart rate or breathing. They are usually the ____36____ sleepers, easily awakened. They may sleep during the ____37____ weather and wake to wander and eat during milder weather.If an animal lives in an area where the winter is mild, it may hibernate only ____38____ or not at all. However, even when the ____39____ is severe, the animals may wake up for short periods every few weeks to use their “toilet rooms” and eat if food is ____40____ .21. A. solution B. explanation C. preparation D. imagination22. A. miss B. avoid C. escape D. survive23. A. arise B. vary C. exist D. spread24. A. produce B. waste C. eat D. plant25. A. buried B. stored C. blocked D. discovered26. A. blood B. fiber C. skin D. fat27. A. forms B. suffers C. declines D. continues28. A. truth B. choice C. function D. possibility29. A. light B. energy C. activity D. emotion30. A. wake up B. jump up C. stay slim D. fall asleep31. A. pulse B. pressure C. movement D. temperature32. A. For example B. However C. In short D. Thus33. A. runs out B. turns up C. slows down D. goes back34. A. disappears B. passes C. drops D. starts35. A. benefits B. changes C. challenges D. accidents36. A. dangerous B. peaceful C. heavy D. light37. A. nicest B. mildest C. warmest D. severest38. A. briefly B. abruptly C. normally D. permanently39. A. stress B. warning C. weather D. problem40. A. affordable B. available C. necessary D. abandoned四、语法填空European and American health officials have identified several cases of monkeypox(猴痘) recently, mostly in young men. The cases ___41___ (report) in Europe and the United States are raising concern because the disease has ___42___ (rare) appeared outside of Africa.Monkeypox is a rare disease that ___43___ (cause) by infection with monkeypox virus. It was first discovered in 1958 ___44___ two outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in colonies(群体) of monkeys kept ___45___ research, hence the name “monkeypox”. The first human case of monkeypox was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort ___46___ (get) rid of smallpox. Since then, monkeypox has been reported in people in several other central and western African ___47___ (country): Cameroon, Central African Republic, Cote d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Liberia, Nigeria, Republic of the Congo, and Sierra Leone. ___48___ majority of infections are in Democratic Republic of the Congo.Monkeypox cases in people outside of Africa have been linked to international travel or imported animals, ___49___ (include) cases in the United States, as well as Israel, Singapore, and the United Kingdom. The natural reservoir(宿主) of monkeypox remains ___50___ (know). However, African rodents and non-human primates like monkeys, may harbor the virus and infect people.五、短文改错We spend much time at school. Our school is like beautiful garden. We students are like flowers planting in it and our teachers are like gardeners, that take good care of us and water us with love and knowledge. In my opinion, it’s their duty to do something for our school. First, we should protect the school environment so dropping litter careless should be forbidden. Meanwhile, we can plant more tree. Next, we shouldn’t waste water, food, electricity and so on. However, we should remember to turn on the taps and reuse water. Last, it was necessary to get on well with others. When someone is in trouble, we had better to give him a hand and help him out.六、书面表达假定你是李华，你校英语俱乐部正在开展以“Team Spirit”为主题的讨论活动，请你就此话题写一篇短文参与活动，内容包括：团队精神的重要性；如何培养团队精神；向同学们发出倡议。注意：词数100左右；可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Team Spirit_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________#######################################################################阅读理解【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B【解析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个在新冠疫情期间适合学生参加的虚拟夏令营。1. 细节理解题。根据Happy Camper Live的“What is special about Happy Camper Live is that there are hundreds of camp adventures and experiences to choose from to offer your children unique camp experience.（快乐露营的特别之处在于，有数百种夏令营冒险和体验可供选择，为您的孩子提供独特的夏令营体验。）”可知，在Happy Camper Live的可选项目多，有数以百计的露营冒险和体验可供选择，为孩子提供独特的露营体验。故选A项。2. 细节理解题。根据Smart Robots Virtual Camp的第三句“At the end of camp, each child will be certificated as a ‘junior coder’，have made penfriends for life and have new skills and knowledge to bring into their classrooms in the fall.（在夏令营结束时，每个孩子都将获得‘初级程序员’的证书，结交了终身笔友，并在秋季将新技能和新知识带到课堂上。）”可知,在Smart Robots Virtual Camp的活动中，孩子们可以交到笔友。故选C项。3. 细节理解题。根据Written Out Loud的“Founded in 2018 by a Hollywood film-maker, Witten Out Loud offers classes for children aged 8 to 17 that combine a range of disciplines such as creative writing, film-making and even improving comedy.（Witten Out Loud由一名好莱坞电影制作人于2018年创立，为8至17岁的儿童提供课程，结合了创意写作、电影制作甚至提高喜剧水平等一系列学科。）”中的disciplines such as creative writing，以及Got Game Summer Academy的“With a focus on reading, writing and math, Got Game will help your children stay academically on track while still having fun in an energized virtual learning environment.（专注于阅读，写作和数学，Got Game将帮助您的孩子在一个充满活力的虚拟学习环境中保持学业上的正轨）”中的With a focus on reading, writing and math可知，这两个夏令营都能提高孩子的写作能力。故选B项。【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. C【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要说了安德烈作为一名海洋科学家以及一家潜水店的老板，他对海洋探索和保护所做出的贡献。细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“As a young child, Andre would be fascinated by tales of the sea told by his dad who was a fisherman.（当安德烈还是个孩子的时候，他就对渔夫父亲讲的关于大海的故事非常着迷。）”可知，安德烈对海洋生活着迷是因为父亲小时候所讲的海洋故事，故选B项。词义猜测题。根据第三段第二三句“It was here that once again he was horrified by the rapid decline of the numbers of sea creatures and the negative effects of poor boating practices which caused havoc to the island’s coral(珊瑚). Therefore, the first mission of Andre’s team was to repair destroyed reefs and save coral.（正是在这里，他再次对海洋生物数量的迅速下降和糟糕的划船行为造成的负面影响感到震惊，这对岛上的珊瑚造成了严重破坏。因此，安德烈团队的第一个任务就是修复被破坏的珊瑚礁，拯救珊瑚。）”可知，这里的havoc带来的是negative effects，可推断havoc是破坏的意思。故选A项。推理判断题。根据第四段的一二句“One of Andre’s perfect moments was his role in the creation of the Carlisle Bay Marine Park. The park has now become the premier dive site in his hometown.（安德烈最完美的时刻之一是他参与了卡莱尔湾海岸公园的创建。这个公园现在已经成为他家乡的首要潜水地点。）”以及第五段的一二句“In 2016, Andre further promised his support of the conservation of Carlisle Bay through his work with other projects. Through their work, Andre’s hometown has seen an increase in underwater clean-ups, which has made marine life increase greatly.（2016年，Andre进一步承诺通过他与其他项目的合作来支持卡莱尔湾的保护。通过他们的工作，安德烈的家乡已经看到了水下清理的增加，这使海洋生物大大增加。）”可知，作者对于安德烈所做的事情的结果是赞同的。故选D项。推理判断题。根据第五段第三句“Andre’ s contagious(有感染力的) passion for marine conservation doesn’t end here. He is always searching for more. Andre Miller is a man on a mission.（安德烈对海洋保护的热情并没有在这里结束。他总是在寻找更多。安德烈·米勒是个有使命的人。）”以及第四段第二句“The park has now become the premier dive site in his hometown.（这个公园现在已经成为他家乡的首要潜水地点。）”可知，安德烈是一个有决心的且有创意的人。故选C项。【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了房间颜色对睡眠的影响，以及如何选择房间的颜色。细节理解题。根据第二段的“Exposure to blue light can help lower body temperature and blood pressure.（接触蓝色光有助于降低体温和血压）”可知，蓝色可以帮助降低体温和血压。故选D。2. 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Deep blue or other neutral tones will even make a small bedroom seem more spacious.（深蓝色或其他中性色调甚至会让小卧室看起来更宽敞）”可知，中性色调能够让房间看起来更加宽敞。再结合选项所给颜色可知，浅灰色属于中性色调，由此推知，这种颜色可以让房间看起来更大。故选A。3. 主旨大意题。根据第五段“What you should remember is that never paint your bedroom walls purple! Purple stimulates creative thought and can lead to extremely vivid nightmares. Other bad choices for bedroom colors include bright reds and bright oranges. These colors stimulate the brain and increase energy. For example, red causes passion, increases energy and may even help you move more quickly. It may be a better choice for your home gym than for your sleep space.（你应该记住的是永远不要把卧室的墙壁漆成紫色！紫色能激发创造性思维，并能导致极其生动的噩梦。卧室颜色的其他不好选择包括亮红色和亮橙色。这些颜色刺激大脑，增加能量。例如，红色可以激发激情，增加能量，甚至可以帮助你更快地行动。这可能是一个更好的选择，为您的家庭健身房，而不是为您的睡眠空间）”可知，本段要介绍了一些不利于睡眠的颜色。故选B。4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The most important factor is that you feel relaxed, calm and restful in the room.（最重要的因素是你在房间里感到放松、平静和宁静）”可知，一个让人感到轻松自在的房间是保持良好睡眠的最重要的因素。故选C。【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。北极光是否会发声对科学家来说一直是个谜，但现在有研究证实了北极光是能够发声的。推理判断题。根据文章第二段“‘It has pretty much been confirmed all over the world,’ historian Fiona Amery said. ‘In Canada, Norway and Russia, they are all hearing very much the same sounds.’”（历史学家菲奥娜·阿梅里说：“这几乎在全世界都得到了证实。”“在加拿大、挪威和俄罗斯，他们都听到了非常相同的声音。”）可推知，第二段Fiona所说的话主要表明北极光声音是存在的。故选A项。推理判断题。根据文章第四段“In the 1920s, Canadian astronomer Clarence Chant first suggested a mechanism by which they could occur: The motion of the aurora caused changes in the electrification of the atmosphere that created crackling sounds close to the ground. Almost 100 years later, Clarence’s suggestion seems close to what could be the true reason for the sounds.”（20世纪20年代，加拿大天文学家克拉伦斯·钱特首次提出了一种可能发生极光的机制：极光的运动引起了大气带电的变化，在接近地面的地方产生了噼里啪啦的声音。近100年后，克拉伦斯的推测似乎接近了这些声音产生的真正原因。）可知，人们发现克拉伦斯·钱特在20世纪20年代提出的推测似乎接近极光声音产生的真正原因，所以它现在仍然可能有很大的价值。故选C项。推理判断题。根据文章第二段Fiona Amery所说、文章第四段“In the 1920s,Canadian astronomer Clarence Chant first suggested a mechanism by which they could occur: The motion of the aurora caused changes in the electrification of the atmosphere that created crackling sounds close to the ground.”（20世纪20年代，加拿大天文学家克拉伦斯·钱特首次提出了一种可能发生极光的机制：极光的运动引起了大气带电的变化，在接近地面的地方产生了噼里啪啦的声音。）和文章倒数第二段“In 2012,an expert named Unto Laine showed a recording of auroral sounds after years of monitoring auroras.”（2012年，一位名叫托恩·莱恩的专家在对极光进行了多年的监测后，展示了一段极光声音的录音。）可知，文章列举了Fiona Amery、Clarence Chant和Unto Laine对北极光发声原理的研究，所以作者是通过举例的方法来表达他的想法。故选D项。主旨大意题。通读全文并结合文章第一段“The sounds of the Northern Lights have been a mystery to scientists for over a century. But now it seems that a researcher has figured out how auroras(极光) really make sounds.”（一个多世纪以来，北极光的声音对科学家来说一直是个谜。但现在，一位研究人员似乎已经弄清楚了极光（极光）是如何发出声音的。）可知，文章主要是围绕对“北极光的声音”这一谜团的研究展开。故B选项“Do the Northern Lights Make Sounds?（北极光会发出声音吗？）”是最佳标题。故选B项。七选五【答案】16. D 17. G 18. F 19. C 20. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做志愿者工作的好处。根据空格前的句子“Don’t be afraid to strike up a conversation with the people you meet.（不要害怕与你遇到的人开始交谈）”可知，作者鼓励和遇到的人交谈，为什么呢？D项“You never know who is going to be a new friend （你永远不知道谁会成为你的新朋友）”给出了答案，上下文构成因果关系。故选D项。2. 第三段的主题句是“Strengthen relationships.（加强关系）”。加强和谁的关系呢？根据下一句可知是加强已有的关系“strengthen relationships you already have”，也就是原来和你就认识的人的关系。所以G项“When you volunteer with someone you know, you get to know that person better.（当你和你认识的人一起做志愿者时，你会更好地了解那个人）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选G项。3. 根据上文的“do some physical work”和下文的“For instance, volunteer with your parks and recreation department to clean up parks or with Habit for Humanity to build houses.（例如，与你的公园和娱乐部门一起志愿清理公园，或与Habit for Humanity一起建造房屋）”可知，作者建议做一些需要体力活动的志愿者工作。所以，F项“To help your health the most, pick active volunteer jobs.（为了最大程度地帮助你的健康，选择体力上忙碌的志愿者工作）”符合题意。故选F项。4. 第五段的主题句是“Let yourself feel accomplished.（让自己感到有成就感）”。该段的关键词是“feel accomplished”和“improves well-being and gives you something to feel good about”，这些词和C项中的“feel valued”是对应的，所以C项“If you’re volunteering, go ahead and feel valued.（如果你是志愿者，那就去做吧，感觉到自己被重视）”符合题意。故选C项。5. 空格处的句子是最后一段的主题句。根据空格后的句子“You may think that volunteering will make you more stressed because it cuts back on your free time, but most people find just the opposite. Most people feel like they have more time when they volunteer, which in turn, cuts back on stress.（你可能认为志愿服务会让你更有压力，因为它减少了你的自由时间，但大多数人发现恰恰相反。大多数人觉得当他们做志愿者时，他们有更多的时间，这反过来也减少了压力。）”可以总结出最后一段的主旨大意：做志愿者工作可以减少你的压力。所以A项“Feel less stressed.（感觉压力小了）”填入空格处，符合题意。故选A项。三、完形填空【答案】21. A 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物冬眠的原因、方式和冬眠期间动物体内发生的变化等。1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：解决办法可能是冬眠，也就是说，深度睡眠可以让它们在很少或没有食物的情况下度过冬天。A. solution解决方案；B. explanation解释；C. preparation准备；D. imagination想象。根据第一句话“What if an animal’ s main food source is very scarce in the winter?”和下文的“with little or no food”可知，第二句话是针对第一句的问题给出的解决办法。故选A项。2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：解决办法可能是冬眠，也就是说，深度睡眠可以让它们在很少或没有食物的情况下度过冬天。A. miss错过；B. avoid避开；C. escape逃走；D. survive生存。根据句中的“deep sleep”和“the winter with little or no food”可知，此处指的是深度睡眠可以让动物在很少或没有食物的情况下度过冬天，生存下来。故选D项。3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：冬眠的方式千差万别。A. arise出现；B. vary变化，不同；C. exist存在；D. spread散布。空格处的句子是本段的主题句。而下文的两个句子是解释的动物两种不同的冬眠方式。故选B项。4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多动物在秋天食物充足的时候会吃更多的食物，这些食物会作为身体脂肪储存起来，以供日后补充能量A. produce生产；B. waste浪费；C. eat吃；D. plant种植。根据空格后的“extra food in the fall while it is plentiful”可知，在秋天食物充足的时候，这些动物会吃更多的食物。故选C项。5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：许多动物在秋天食物充足的时候会吃更多的食物，这些食物会作为身体脂肪储存起来，以供日后补充能量。A. buried掩埋；B. stored储存；C. blocked阻挡；D. discovered发现。根据空格后的“as body fat to be used later for energy”可知，动物吃的这些食物会作为身体脂肪储存起来，以供日后补充能量。故选B项。6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冬眠动物有两种脂肪，普通的白色脂肪和特殊的棕色脂肪。A. blood血液；B. fiber纤维；C. skin皮肤；D. fat脂肪。根据空格前的“two kinds of”和空格后的“regular white fat and special brown fat”可知，此处说的是两种脂肪。故选D项。7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：棕色脂肪在动物的大脑、心脏和肺附近形成。A. forms形成；B. suffers遭受；C. declines拒绝；D. continues继续。根据空格后的“near the animal’s brain, heart and lungs”可知，此处指的是棕色脂肪在动物身上近形成的位置。故选A项。8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的主要功能是提供额外的体热。A. truth真相；B. choice选择；C. function功能；D. possibility可能性。根据下文的“to provide extra body heat”可知，此处说的是棕色脂肪的功能。故选C项。9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在该醒来的时候，它还会发送快速爆发的能量来首先温暖这些器官。A. light灯；B. energy能量；C. activity活动；D. emotion情绪。根据下文的“to warm these organs first when it’s time to wake up”可知，此处是说动物体内能量的作用。故选B项。10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：真正的冬眠动物睡得很沉，很难醒来，甚至看起来像死了一样。A. wake up醒醒；B. jump up跳起来；C. stay slim保持苗条；D. fall asleep入睡。根据空格前的“such a deep sleep”和空格后的“may appear dead”可知，此处说的是这些动物很难醒来。故选A项。11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们的体温下降。A. pulse脉冲；B. pressure压力；C. movement运动；D. temperature温度。根据句意和该句子的谓语动词go down可知，此处一定说的是冬眠动物的体温。故选D项。12. 考查介词短语和副词辨析。句意：例如，冬眠的土拨鼠的心率从每分钟80次下降到4次，温度从37°C下降到4°C。A. For example例如；B. However然而；C. In short简言之；D. Thus因此。根据空格后的“hibernating woodchuck’s heart rate”可知，作者是以冬眠的土拨鼠为例来说明问题。故选A项。13. 考查短语辨析。句意：例如，冬眠的土拨鼠的心率从每分钟80次下降到4次，温度从37°C下降到4°C。A. runs out用完了；B. turns up出现；C. slows down慢下来；D. goes back追溯。根据空格前的“heart rate”和空格后的“from 80 to 4 beats per minute”可知，此处说的是冬眠的土拨鼠的心跳放慢。故选C项。14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，冬眠的土拨鼠的心率从每分钟80次下降到4次，温度从37°C下降到4°C。A. disappears消失；B. passes通过；C. drops下降；D. starts开始。根据空格前的“temperature”和空格后的“from 80 to 4 beats per minute”可知，此处说的是冬眠的土拨鼠的体温下降。故选C项。15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：其他冬眠动物在温度、心率或呼吸方面没有重大变化。A. benefits好处；B. changes变化；C. challenges挑战；D. accidents事故。根据空格前的“Other hibernating animals don’t experience major”可知，此处说的是其它冬眠动物和冬眠的土拨鼠不同，在温度、心率或呼吸方面没有重大变化。故选B项。16. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们通常是浅睡者，很容易被唤醒。A. dangerous危险的；B. peaceful和平的；C. heavy重的；D. light睡得不沉的。根据下文的“easily awakened”可知，这些动物冬眠时睡得很浅。故选D项。17. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们可能在最恶劣的天气里睡觉，在较温和的天气里醒来闲逛和进食。A. nicest好的；B. mildest温和的；C. warmest温暖的；D. severest极为恶劣的。根据句意和下文的“milder weather”可知，空格处的单词应该和milder是反义词。故选D项。18. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果一种动物生活在冬季温和的地区，它可能只会短暂冬眠或根本不冬眠。A. briefly短暂地；B. abruptly突然；C. normally正常情况下；D. permanently永久地。根据上文的“If an animal lives in an area where the winter is mild”和空格后的“or not at all”可知，此处是说在冬季温和的地区，一些动物可能只会短暂冬眠或根本不冬眠。故选A项。19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，即使在天气恶劣的时候，动物们也可能每隔几周醒来一小段时间，用它们的“厕所”，如果有食物就吃。A. stress压力；B. warning警告；C. weather天气；D. problem问题。根据句中的“however”和空格后的形容词“severe”可知，该句子和上一句是转折关系，when引导的时间状语从句还应该说的是天气情况。故选C项。20. 考查词形容词义辨析。句意：然而，即使在天气恶劣的时候，动物们也可能每隔几周醒来一小段时间，用它们的“厕所”，如果有食物就吃。A. affordable负担得起的；B. available可用的；C. necessary必要的；D. abandoned被抛弃的。根据第二段的句中“Some animals store food in their burrows(洞穴) to eat when they awake for short periods.”可知，有些冬眠动物是在洞穴里储存食物的，然后等醒来后吃。所以，此处是说，这些动物醒来以后，如果有吃的，他们就吃。故选B项。四、语法填空【答案】41. reported 42. rarely 43. is caused 44. when 45. for 46. to get 47. countries 48. The 49. including 50. unknown【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于猴痘的起源以及目前它的扩散情况。1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：欧洲和美国报告的病例引起了关注，因为这种疾病在非洲以外很少出现。主句已有谓语动词are raising，空处应填非谓语动词，report和逻辑主语cases之间为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填reported。2. 考查副词。句意同上。修饰谓语动词has appeared应用所给词的副词形式。故填rarely。3. 考查时态和语态。句意：猴痘是由猴痘病毒感染引起的罕见疾病。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，that指代先行词a rare disease，与cause之间为被动关系，且句子陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is caused。4. 考查定语从句。句意：它首次发现于1958年，当时两次类似于痘的疾病爆发，发生在为研究而饲养的猴子群体中，因此被命名为“猴痘”。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为1958，从句缺少时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。5. 考查介词。句意同上。结合句意和句子结构，表示“为了”应用介词for，for research“为了研究”，表目的。故填for。6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：1970年，刚果民主共和国记录了第一例人类猴痘病例，当时正在加紧努力消灭天花。名词effort后常用不定式作后置定语，effort to get rid of smallpox“消灭天花的努力”。故填to get。7. 考查名词的数。句意：自那时以来，在其他几个中非和西非国家也报告了猴痘：喀麦隆、中非共和国、科特迪瓦、刚果民主共和国、加蓬、利比里亚、尼日利亚、刚果共和国和塞拉利昂。country“国家”为可数名词，结合下文例举的几个国家可知应用其复数形式。故填countries。8. 考查冠词。句意：大多数感染发生在刚果民主共和国。the majority of为固定搭配，意为“……的大部分/大多数”，句首单词首字母大写。故填The。9. 考查介词。句意：非洲以外地区的猴痘病例与国际旅行或进口动物有关，包括美国、以色列、新加坡和英国的病例。结合句意和句子结构，此处应用介词including表示“包括”。故填including。10. 考查形容词。句意：猴痘的自然宿主仍然未知。空处应填形容词作表语，结合下文“However, African rodents and non-human primates like monkeys, may harbor the virus and infect people.”推知，猴痘的自然宿主还未可知，形容词unknown“未知的”符合题意。故填unknown。五、短文改错【答案】1. beautiful前加a2. planting→planted3. that→who4. their→our5. careless→carelessly6. tree→trees7. However→Instead/Besides 8. turn后的on→off9. was→is 10. 去掉better后的to【解析】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了我们作为学生应该如何爱护校园。考查冠词。句意：我们的学校就像美丽的花园。garden为可数名词，并且是第一次出现，又因beautiful为以辅音发音开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故在beautiful前加a。考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学生就像种植在花园里的花朵，我们的老师就像园丁，照顾我们，用爱和知识浇灌我们。plant为及物动词，跟flowers的逻辑关系是动宾关系。故将planting改为planted。考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我们学生就像种植在花园里的花朵，我们的老师就像园丁，照顾我们，用爱和知识浇灌我们。此处为非限制性定语从句，前面的先行词是gardeners，并在定语从句中充当主语，这里指人，只能用who来引导，因为that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故将that改为who。考查代词。句意：在我看来，为我们的学校做一些事情是我们的责任。根据句意以及全文都是第一人称可知，此处也应该用第一人称，修饰名词用形容词性物主代词。故将their改为our。考查副词。句意：首先，我们应该保护学校环境，所以禁止乱丢垃圾。根据句意可知，这里应该用副词carelessly修饰动词dropping。故将careless改为carelessly。考查名词。句意：同时，我们可以种更多的树。根据句意以及前面的“more”可知,此处的tree应该为复数形式。故将tree改为trees。考查副词。句意：此外，我们应该记得关掉水龙头，重复使用水。根据前文“Next, we shouldn’t waste water, food, electricity and so on.”可知，两句句意之间形成鲜明对比，故此处应该用Instead，另外，用Besides 表示递进也可以。故将However改为Instead/Besides。考查介词。句意：此外，我们应该记得关掉水龙头，重复使用水。根据前文“Next, we shouldn’t waste water, food, electricity and so on.”可知，这里应该是“关掉水龙头”。故将on改为off。考查时态。句意：最后，与他人和睦相处是必要的。根据整篇文章用的一般现在时可知，此处用一般现在时，且主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故将was改为is。考查情态动词。句意：当有人遇到麻烦时，我们最好帮助他摆脱困境。had better后面跟动词原形，所以此处的to是多余的。故将to删掉。六、书面表达【答案】Team SpiritTeam spirit is highly appreciated nowadays because having strong team spirit can improve productivity and creativity. I would like to offer some advice on how to develop team spirit.First, team members should have a common goal they need to achieve. Second, everyone is supposed to take an active part in the project and do his own duty. Third, it’s important for team members to communicate with each other and share their experience. By making joint efforts, team members will be able to attain their goal in the end.As the saying goes, “Teamwork makes the dream work.” Let’s learn to cooperate with others. With good team spirit, we can expect to get the desired results.【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“Team Spirit”为主题写一篇短文参加主题讨论活动，内容包括团队精神的重要性，如何培养团队精神，并向同学们发出倡议。1. 词汇积累建议：advice→suggestions需要：need→require重要的：important→critical能够：be able to→be capable of句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：I would like to offer some advice on how to develop team spirit.拓展句：I would like to offer some advice on what we can do to develop team spirit.【高分句型1】Team spirit is highly appreciated nowadays because having strong team spirit can improve productivity and creativity.（运用了because引导的原因状语从句）【高分句型2】First, team members should have a common goal they need to achieve.（运用了省略关系代词的限制性定语从句）