2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：形容词和副词(2) 课件

这是一份2023年高考英语一轮专题复习语法精讲：形容词和副词(2) 课件，共25页。PPT课件主要包含了核心考法重难突破，考法训练，original，generally，valuable，effective，easily，largest，greener，However等内容，欢迎下载使用。
形容词和副词
考法一　考查形容词、副词的词形变化或词性转换
考法二　考查形容词、副词的比较等级的用法
考法三　考查连接性副词的用法
语法填空对形容词和副词的考查热点集中在形容词和副词的词形变化及词性转换上。如果用来修饰名词或在系动词后作表语，应用形容词形式；如果用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，则应用副词形式。未涉及词性转换时，则可能出现词形变化。正确分析句子结构，判断设空处在句中所作的句子成分，并牢记转换形容词和副词的规则及构词法，是解答此类题目的关键。
1　[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·58]It will ______ (undubted) help yu get refreshed!【解析】设空处修饰动词help，作状语，应用副词。故填undubtedly，意为“毫无疑问”。2　[全国新高考卷Ⅱ2021·61、62]I tld him hw ______ (harm) plastic culd be t the envirnment and asked him t cnsider using mre ec­friendly ptins.I was s ______ (excite) when he wrte back t me.【解析】句意为：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害有多大，并让他考虑一下更加环保的选择。当他给我回信的时候，我感到非常兴奋。分析句子结构可知，hw ______ plastic culd be t the envirnment为宾语从句且是一个感叹句，转换为陈述句为plastic culd be ______ t the envirnment，culd be后为表语，所以应用形容词形式，故填harmful，此处为短语be harmful t，意为“对……有害”；第二空在be动词was的后面，作表语，修饰人，表示“兴奋的；激动的”，应用­ed结尾的形容词，故填excited。
3　[全国乙2021·68]Prvide ______ (finance) aid and ther benefits fr lcal peples.【解析】句意为：为当地居民提供经济援助和其他福利。设空处修饰名词aid，应用形容词。故填financial。4　[全国新高考I 2020·36]In the 18th and 19th centuries, ______ (wealth) peple travelled and cllected plants, histrical bjects and wrks f art.【解析】句意为：在18世纪和19世纪，富有的人旅行并搜集植物、历史文物及艺术品。分析句子成分可知，设空处修饰名词peple，应用形容词，故填wealthy。5　[全国Ⅲ2018·66] I'm a ______ (science) wh studies animals such as apes and mnkeys.【解析】句意为：我是一个研究猿和猴之类的动物的科学家。设空处后出现了关系代词wh，因此先行词应为人，故填scientist。
单句语法填空1．The cmpany nly ffers semi­finished prducts t partners and wn't sell the ________ (rigin) ingredients (原料)．2．Peple ______ (general) think that the secnd day f the secnd lunar mnth is the day n which the dragn awakes and raises its head.3．When the Spanish set ut t explre the regin, they hped t find land as ______ (value) as what they had fund earlier in Mexic.
单句语法填空4．Firstly, an______ (effect) way, I think, is t reserve water in a scientific way fr future use.5．In Anqing f Anhui Prvince, peple______ (traditinal) eat fried spring rlls during Majr Cld.6．Blck printing is time­cnsuming and csts a lt f manpwer and materials. Misprinted characters cannt be ______ (easy) crrected.
traditinally
对“比较级＋than”结构的考查仍是高考的重点。因此，考生必须熟练掌握原级、比较级和最高级的基本句式。另外，高考对比较等级的考查更倾向于从“语句的深层意义”中体会出来而不是从“结构”中看出来，因此考生需要根据语境判断题干中是否暗含比较含义，并且仔细判断是两者之间还是两者以上的比较。
[全国新高考Ⅰ2021·59]The amazing thing abut the spring is that the clder the temperature gets, the ______ (ht) the spring!句意为：泉水的奇妙之处在于，气温越低，泉水就越热！ “the＋比较级…，the＋比较级…”为固定句型，意为“越……，就越……”。故填htter。2　[全国Ⅲ2020·62]One day the emperr wanted t get his prtrait (画像) dne s he called all great artists t cme and present their ______ (fine) wrk, s that he culd chse the best.句意为：一天，皇帝想要找人为他画一幅画像，于是他召见所有的大画家，并让他们呈上自己最好的作品，以便自己能从中挑选出最好的一位画家。根据空前的all great artists和空后的chse the best并结合句意可知，此处表示最高级含义，应用finest。
单句语法填空7．The red­crwned crane (鹤) is ne f the ______ (large) cranes in the wrld, standing at abut 150 cm tall. 8．A new study using data frm NASA satellites shws that the Earth becmes______ (green) as a result f ambitius tree­planting prgrams in China.9．The directr f the Palace Museum has brught many changes t the wrld's ______ (large) ryal cmplex.
高考常考的连接性副词有：thugh [然而，可是(一般用于句末)], therefre (因此，所以), meanwhile (与此同时，在此期间), mrever (此外), hwever (然而), besides (而且), instead (相反), therwise (否则), nevertheless (然而；尽管如此)等。
If what yur friend cmes up with surprises yu, dn't reject it immediately. ______， imagine whether it is true r nt.【解析】句意为：如果你朋友想出来的东西让你感到惊奇，不要立刻就反对。相反，想象一下它是否是真的。根据句意可知，此处表转折，故填Rather/Instead。
单句语法填空10．Rain is f great imprtance t us. Withut rain, ur water supply wuld be cut ff and we wuld die, s wuld plants and animals. ______， t much rain als des a lt f harm t us.
(1)“n mre than＋数词”与“nt mre than＋数词”“n mre than＋数词”相当于nly，意为“仅仅，只”；“nt mre than＋数词”相当于at mst，意为“不超过，至多”。•He tk n mre than six bks.他仅带走了六本书。•He tk nt mre than six bks.他最多带走了六本书。(2)“n ＋比较级＋than”与“nt ＋比较级＋ than”“n ＋ 比较级 ＋ than”意为“和……一样不……；两者都不……”；“nt ＋ 比较级 ＋ than”意为“……不如……”。•He is n richer than I.他和我都不富有。•He is nt richer than I.他不如我富有。
(3)mre than与mre… than…①mre than后接名词或代词，表示“不只是，不仅仅”；mre than后接数词，表示“超过，多于”；mre than后接形容词/副词，表示“非常，很”。•My trip is mre than sightseeing.我这次的旅行不仅仅是观光。•Mre than half f Australian hmes are still chsing t stick with their hme phne.超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍然选择使用座机。[全国乙]•I'm mre than happy t take yu there in my car.我非常乐意开车送你去那儿。②mre A than B意为“与其说是B，不如说是A”。•It was mre a wrry than a pleasure.这事与其说让人高兴，不如说让人担心。[《朗文当代》]
易混1：有无冠词意义不同的搭配
by the day 按天by day 在白天in the frnt f… 在……（内部的）前面in frnt f… 在……（外部的）前面ut f the questin 不可能ut f questin 毫无疑问in the charge f… 在……的掌管之下in charge f 负责；掌管in the pssessin f… 为……所拥有in pssessin f… 拥有……in the sight f… 在……看来(in sight f 能看见)take the place f 代替(take place （尤指经过计划或安排后）发生)
易混2：语境中暗含比较等级
有时比较等级并不能直接从结构中看出来，而是需要从语句的深层意义中体会出来。•It's t nisy here. Can we g smewhere quieter?这里太吵闹了。我们能不能去个安静点儿的地方？(语境中暗含与当前地点比较的意味)•His first bk is f great use fr ur curse. But his latest ne is better wrth reading. 他的第一本书对我们学习课程很有用，但他的最新作品更值得一读。(语境中暗含与第一本书比较的意味)
单句填空1．Meanwhile, the study has als fund ______ (pwer) evidence that walking speed in adulthd reflects the individual's persnality. 2．It wasn't until I ______ (persn) tk part in the activity that I understd the real meaning f it.3．We've nly gt a limited number f tickets, s the ______ (early) yu e­mail us, the mre likely yu are t get ne.4．When I heard what they said, I was feeling ______ (pride) as a Chinese.
5．______ (bvius), a gd habit can help us t speed up t reach ur destinatins.6．Faye and Matthew Gding have five yung sns and wn a fur­bedrm huse in an ______ (attract) village near Lincln.7．If yu wear a dark dress in cld seasns, a pair f red shes can raise yur ensemble (全套服装) t a ______ (high) level.8．______ (surprise), just ne mnth after the attack, she returned t the water t cntinue pursuing her dream.
Surprisingly
9．Yu culd get t knw abut the histry f China and experience ______ (clr) scenery alng the Silk Rad.10．The Great Wall f China is the ______ (lng) defense wall in the wrld.
China has always been famus fr being a “State f Etiquettes (礼仪)”. Accrding t __1__ (histry) dcuments, as early as 2，600 years ag, it has already established a thrugh set __2__ dining etiquettes. A famus 19th century Russian writer, Antn Chekhv, nce invited a Chinese man __3__ (have) a drink in a bar. Chekhv said, “Befre drinking frm his cup, he held __4__ with his hands and presented t me and the bar wner and bartenders, __5__ (say) ‘qing (please)'. This is the custm f China.