Unit 5 单元检测卷（含答案）

Unit 5 Look into Science

单元检测卷

总分：100 分 时间：90分钟

Ⅰ 单项选择（共10小题，计10分）

(     )1 Most people can only achieve success _________ hard work.

A.through  B.along  C.across  D.about

(     )2  —How did you put together the model plane so perfectly?

—It’s easy. I just followed the _________.

A.instructions  B.instruments   C.interviews  D.inventions

(     )3 ［2020·四川广元中考］ _________ you keep moving, you’ll never reach the top of the mountain.

A.If  B.Although  C.Unless

(     )4 My father suggested_________ for a walk after supper.

A.go  B.going  C.went   D.to go

(     )5 I can answer all the questions_________ the last one. It’s too difficult for me to work it out.

A.except  B.against  C.beside   D.besides

(     )6 The boy_________  his money to buy the book because he loved it very much.

A.took up  B.got up  C.set up  D.used up

(     )7 ［2020·江苏盐城中考］ It is said that Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway _________ in December, 2020.

A.complete  B.is completed  C.was completed   D.will be completed

(     )8 ［2020·四川凉山州中考］ Putting out forest fire is regarded as one of _________ problems in the world.

A.difficult  B.more difficult  C.most difficult  D.the most difficult

(     )9 ［教材改编］The air pressure pushing up on the cardboard is higher than that of the water _________from inside the jar.

A.take off  B.put off  C.push down  D.look for

(     )10 ［2020·黑龙江哈尔滨中考］—What are they talking about?

—They are talking about the greatest inventions _________have made a big difference to our daily life.

A.which  B.who  C.that

Ⅱ 完形填空（共10小题，计10分）

阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯、完整。

［2020·安徽中考改编］In recent years, with more and more cars on the road, flying robots are used to deliver(递送) mails. Flying robots can  11   mails to people’s houses without having to deal with heavy  12  . But they will spend too much time in returning. A research centre is trying to improve its flying robots with the  13   of homing pigeons (信鸽).

Homing pigeons are pigeons that are  14   trained to fly home from somewhere else. In tests, researchers   15   that homing pigeons were   16   efficient(高效的) than flying robots at returning to their home. So the research centre is trying to use a flying robot, together with a   17  , to deliver mails. After the robot finishes its tasks, it can   18   the pigeon back in the shortest possible time.

Although it will cost more money to   19   pigeons, the research centre says that it can   20   time. And the time it saves will make up for the cost.

(     )11 A.invite   B.carry  C.blow  D.kick

(    )12 A.traffic  B.rain  C.fire  D.pollution

(    )13 A.help  B.luck  C.treat  D.interest 

(   )14 A.poorly  B.carelessly C.specially  D.musically

(   )15 A.promised  B.joked C.planned  D.found

(   )16 A.less  B.more  C.little  D.much

(   )17 A.homing pigeon  B.big house  C.leading person  D.heavy car

(    )18 A.train  B.knock  C.follow  D.steal

(    )19 A.dress  B.paint  C.clean  D.raise

(   )20 A.expect  B.show  C.kill  D.save

Ⅲ 阅读理解（共10小题，计20分）

A

阅读下面短文，选出一个能回答所提问题（或完成所给句子）的最佳选项。

［2020·四川宜宾中考］It’s a common belief that fish can’t remember anything for longer than seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that every moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the first time. But don’t be so quick to feel sorry for them. A new study has found that fish have much better memories than we used to think.

In the study, researchers from Mac Ewan University in Canada trained a kind of fish called African cichlids to go to a certain area of their tank to get food. They took the fish out and then waited for 12 days before putting them back in the tank again. They found that after such a long break the fish still went to the same place where they first got food.

In fact, scientists had been thinking for a long time that African cichlids might have a good memory. But there was no clear evidence until the latest findings.

Just as a good memory can make our lives easier, it also plays an important part when a fish is trying to survive in the wild. “If fish are able to remember that a certain area contains(容纳) safe food, they will be able to go back to that area without putting their lives in danger,” lead researcher Trevor Hamilton told Live Science.

So next time you are watching your pet fish from outside the tank, perhaps you should feel closer to them—they may remember who you are.

(     )21 We often feel sorry for fish because_________.

A.they have bad memories

B.they can’t remember anything

C.they are often used for research

D.every moment in their lives is new

(     )22 Why did the researchers carry out the research?

A.To know if fish can find food easily.

B.To find out if fish have better memories.

C.To tell us fish can live for days without water.

D.To show fish can live long without eating things.

(     )23 What does the underlined word “tank” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A.A kind of fish food.

B.A kind of hiding place.

C.A container for holding water.

D.A container for keeping fish.

(     )24 Which is TRUE according to Trevor Hamilton?

A.Fish know where to get food.

B.It’s easy for fish to live in the wild.

C.A good memory can make fish safer in the wild.

D.Fish are often in danger when they look for food.

(     )25 Where does this article probably come from?

A.A story book.   B.A science magazine.

C.A news report.   D.A travel book.

B

［2020·贵州遵义中考］①Chemistry is everywhere in our daily life. Sometimes it’s easy to see. At other times, it can be very hard to see the everyday chemistry at work, but nearly everything you touch has some chemicals(化学物质) in it.

②Chemistry helps to make products for use. Something as simple as toothpaste has at least three chemicals that keep your teeth clean. Other things in your daily life are created by chemistry, such as hair products and soap. Without chemistry, we would never have known that we need soap to get the oil out of clothes.

③Chemistry also helps us understand the world around us. Thanks to chemistry, we know bleach(漂白剂) can’t be mixed with vinegar(醋), because the mixture can produce harmful gas.

④Chemistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemical change. That is the reason why cooked food often tastes different from uncooked food. Too much or too little of any chemical material makes a difference to the result of baking(烘培). For example, the cake can be too soft or too hard.

⑤Chemistry isn’t something that just lives in a laboratory; it’s something that you meet hundreds of times in life. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the life.

(     )26 What can the chemistry in soap help us?

A.To clean the teeth.

B.To make the teeth strong.

C.To clean the oil off clothes.

D.To make the clothes new.

(     )27 From the third paragraph, we know that .

A.we can mix bleach with vinegar

B.the mixture can produce useful gas

C.we can’t mix bleach with vinegar

D.chemistry can’t help us make products

(     )28 The fourth paragraph mainly tells us that .

A.cooked food is much better than uncooked food

B.chemistry plays a big role in food preparation

C.there are no chemical changes while we are cooking

D.the cake can’t be too soft or too hard with chemistry

(     )29 Which of the following shows the structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1)

(     )30 What’s the main idea of the passage?

A.Chemistry and food.

B.Chemistry around the world.

C.Chemistry and products.

D.Chemistry in everyday life.

Ⅳ 根据句意及汉语或首字母提示填写单词（共5小题，计10分）

31 The boy is so clever that all of his answers are c_________.

32 The TV_________ (当然) plays an important part in people’s daily life.

33 Mr. Green thinks the students can remember the words by _________(重复).

34 It will be too hot u_________ we use the air conditioner.

35 Open the box, and find the i_________.Then try the machine.

Ⅴ 短文填空（共10小题，计10分）

根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的词或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。

Technology has made life much 36  _________(easy) for people today. Children can play, listen 37_________  music, and keep in touch 38 _________ their friends with the help of technology.39_________ , there are also some bad sides of technology. For example, bad people can 40_________ (search) for personal information about children through special ways on the Internet. So it is very important for parents 41_________ (teach) their children to keep personal information safe 42_________   they are surfing the Internet. Children now spend 43_________ (little) time doing exercise than before. They are busy 44 _________(play) online games all day long. This is not good for their health. Therefore, teaching 45_________ (child) the right way to make good use of technology is very important.

Ⅵ 任务型阅读（共6小题，计18分）

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，完成下列各题。（请注意问题后的词数要求）

［2020·山东泰安中考改编］[1] It’s Friday evening. My daughters sighed(叹息) when I gently took the tablets（平板电脑） away from their laps. One by one, our screens were turned off. We lit the candles and sat down to have a big meal.

[2] We call it our “Technology Shabbat”(科技安息日) which lasts from sunset(日落) on Friday to sunset on Saturday. Now most friends know they will not be able to contact(联系) us by using computers or mobile phones for 24 hours.

[3] I first understood the importance of “Technology Shabbat” in 2008, when my father had got brain cancer. Some days he would have only one good hour, and the only thing I wanted to do was to be with him. When I looked (49)① _________my father, I turned off my mobile phone.

[4] Soon after that, my husband and I decided to turn off all the electronic things for one full day every week.

[5] During our “Technology Shabbat”, time slows down. Our Saturdays now feel like mini-vacations. We drive cars or ride bikes. We work in the garden, play board games and cook meals with our kids. I feel like a better mother, wife and person.

[6] Keeping a balance(平衡) between the good and the (49)②_________ of technology is important for my family. The technology helps us share knowledge and funny ideas all over the world. But the technology also takes something away from us. When we (49)③_________ up late at night linking(连接) from website to website or sending messages, we click(点击) again and again until we have been overloaded(超负荷的).

[7] Now we’re rushing into the time full of high technology. (50)We should pay attention to what we are doing online and when we should go offline.

[8] I will always remember the most important thing in my family: Technology Shabbat.

46 When is “Technology Shabbat” in the writer’s family? (No more than 10 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

47 What did the writer and her husband decide to do after her father got cancer? (No more than 18 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

48 What’s the good of technology according to the passage? (No more than 15 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

49 Fill in each blank with one proper word.

① _________②_________ ③_________

50 Translate the underlined sentence in the seventh paragraph into Chinese.

_____________________________________________________________________

51 Do you like the idea of “Technology Shabbat”? Why or why not? (No more than 25 words)

_____________________________________________________________________

Ⅶ 书面表达（共1题，计22分）

科学技术的发展日新月异，各种发明以及高科技产品成了我们生活中不可缺少的东西，如笔记本电脑(laptop)、手机(mobile phone)、3D打印机（3D printer）、人工智能（Artificial Intelligence/AI）、平衡车（balancing vehicle）等。

请以“My Favourite Invention”为题描述你最喜欢的一种发明并说明理由(至少两个方面)。词数80-100。

My Favourite Invention

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

Unit 5 Look into Science

单元检测卷

参考答案

1. A through“穿过，通过；凭借”；along“沿着”；across“在……对面；穿过”；about“关于”。将各选项代入句中可知through符合语境。故选A。

2. A instruction“说明”；instrument“乐器”；interview“采访；面试”；invention“发明”。由put together the model plane so perfectly可知instruction符合语境。故选A。

3. C if“如果”；although“虽然”；unless“除非；如果不”。分析句子结构可知，you keep moving是条件，应用if或unless引导条件状语从句。主句you’ll never reach the top of the moutain表示否定含义，所以此处用unless。Unless you keep moving相当于If you don’t keep moving。故选C。

4. B suggest doing sth.意为“建议做某事”,是固定搭配。故选B。

5. A except“除去（不包括）”；against“反对”；beside“在……旁边”；besides“除……之外（还包括）”。后句中的it指代前句中的the last one，这里指不包括最后一道题，所以用except。故选A。

6. D take up“从事；占据”；get up“起床”；set up“建立”；use up“用光”。由句中的his money to buy the book可知used up符合语境。故选D。

7. D根据时间状语in December, 2020可知用一般将来时。主语Yancheng-Nantong High-speed Railway和谓语动词complete为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，所以空处应用一般将来时的被动语态，其结构为：will be+动词的过去分词。故选D。

8. D “one of+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”意为“最……的……之一”，是固定结构。difficult的最高级是the most difficult。故选D。

9. C take off“脱下；拿下”；put off“推迟”；push down“按下”；look for“寻找”。将各选项代入句中可知push down 符合语境。故选C。

10. C分析句子成分可知，空处所填词引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词inventions。当先行词是表示物的名词且关系词在从句中作主语或宾语时，用关系代词which/that，但当先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时，关系词用that，由the greatest可知此处用that。故选C。

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。飞行机器人能递送邮件，但返回驻地却需要很长时间，鉴于此，研究者把飞行机器人与经过特殊训练的信鸽放在一起，让信鸽带飞行机器人返回，以此来尝试用信鸽弥补飞行机器人的不足。

11. B invite“邀请”；carry“运送”；blow“吹”；kick“踢”。由上句中的deliver（递送） mails可知，飞行机器人能把邮件运送到人们家里。故选B。

12. A traffic“交通”；rain“雨”；fire“火”；pollution“污染”。由常识可知，飞行机器人运送邮件时可以避免交通拥堵的问题。故选A。

13. A从上句可知，飞行机器人方便递送邮件，但当其返回时却需要花费很多时间。再结合下文可知，应该是研究者设法通过信鸽的帮助来改进飞行机器人。故选A。

14. C poorly“可怜地”；carelessly“粗心地”；specially“特殊地”；musically“悦耳地”。根据常识可知信鸽是经过特殊训练从某个地方飞回家的鸽子。故选C。

15. D promise“承诺”；joke“开玩笑”；plan“计划”；find“发现”。研究者经过研究应该是“发现”了某些东西。故选D。

16. B联系上下文可知，研究者发现信鸽比飞行机器人在返回家这件事情上更高效。efficient是形容词，其比较级为more efficient。故选B。

17. A由于信鸽比飞行机器人更高效，因此研究者考虑把飞行机器人与信鸽放在一起去递送邮件。故选A。

18. C train“训练”；knock“敲”；follow“跟随”；steal“偷”。飞行机器人与信鸽一起去完成投递任务，因此在飞行机器人结束投递邮件后，就可以跟随信鸽在最短的时间内飞回家。故选C。

19. D dress“穿”；paint“画”；clean“打扫”；raise“养育”。根据cost more money可知，这种经过特殊训练的信鸽需要花费更多的钱饲养。故选D。

20. D expect“期望；预料”；show“展示”；kill“杀死”；save“节省”。根据最后一句“And the time it saves will make up for the cost.”可知save符合语境。故选D。

【文章大意】以前人们认为鱼类的记忆最多只能保持7秒钟，但是实验表明其实它们可以有长达12天的记忆，而且好的记忆有助于鱼在野外生存。

21. D根据第一段第二句可知，想到鱼生命中的每一刻都像是它们第一次见到这个世界，这似乎是令人悲伤的。故选D。

22. B根据第一段最后一句可推知，研究人员进行这项研究是为了看看鱼是否有更好的记忆力。故选B。

23.  D由常识可知，鱼生活在鱼缸里，并结合画线词所在句可推知，tank在此处指的是养鱼的一个容器。故选D。

24. C根据Trevor Hamilton的话“如果鱼类能够记住某个区域含有安全的食物，它们将能够回到那个区域而不会危及它们的生命”可推知，好的记忆力可以使鱼在野外更安全。故选C。

25. B本文主要介绍了鱼的记忆力：许多人都认为,鱼的记忆最多只能保持7秒钟，然而研究表明鱼的记忆力比我们认为的要好得多。由此可以推断，这篇文章可能来自一本科学杂志。故选B。

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。化学在我们的日常生活中无处不在，它有助于我们制造产品和了解周围的世界，并且化学在食品准备中也起着很大的作用。了解化学的工作原理将让我们对生活有更深刻的理解。

26. C根据第二段最后一句可知，肥皂中的化学成分能把衣服上的油渍消除掉。故选C。

27. C根据第三段最后一句可知，我们不能把漂白剂和醋混合，因为其混合物可以产生有害的气体。故选C。

28. B根据第四段第一句可知，该段主要介绍了化学物质在食品准备方面起着很大的作用。故选B。

29. A第一段主要讲述了化学在我们的日常生活中无处不在，第二至四段分别讲述了化学物质的用途，第五段说明了知道化学的原理能让我们更好地了解生活，所以文章结构是“总—分—总”。故选A。

30. D通读文章可知，本文主要讲述了日常生活中的化学。故选D。

31. correct  32. certainly  33. repeating  34. unless  35. instructions

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了科技对人们生活的有利和不利影响。

36. easier  37. to38. with39. However40. search

41. to teach42. when/while43. less44. playing

45. children

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了作者一家的“科技安息日”，在这一天，全家都要远离电子产品，享受家庭时光。

46. It is/lasts from sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday./From sunset on Friday to sunset on Saturday.

47. They decided to turn off all the electronic things for one full day every week./They decided to have their “Technology Shabbat” every week./…

48. The technology/It helps us share knowledge and funny ideas all over the world.

49. ①after    ②bad    ③stay

50. 我们应当注意在网上做些什么，并且知道什么时候应当离线（下线/断网）。

51. Yes, I do. Because during Technology Shabbat I can spend more time with my family/have a good rest/relax myself/ avoid being overloaded/have more time to do more things I like/be a better son/daughter/student/person/…

Or: No, I don’t. Because it’s not easy/convenient for others to contact me by using computers or mobile phones during Technology Shabbat./Because I can’t study online/get the latest news/search for information on the Internet./…

(Any reasonable answer is acceptable.)

人称：以第一人称为主。时态：以一般现在时为主。首先要介绍自己最喜欢的发明是什么，然后说明理由，最后畅想一下该项发明的未来的发展前途。

【参考范文】

My Favourite Invention

There are many inventions in the world, but the laptop is my favourite. As a student, I get a lot of help from the computer. With a laptop, we can work, study and entertain ourselves everywhere. A laptop can get to the Internet outside, which enables us to get the latest information whenever we want. I can play games or listen to music when I am tired. It is also easy to communicate with my friends. I often chat with them through e-mail. I think in the future, everybody will have his or her own laptop. Besides, laptops will become smaller and smaller, and even fit into our pockets.