高考英语模拟题汇编专题09 语法填空之说明文二（2份打包，解析版+原卷版）

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专题09 语法填空之说明文
（2020届河南省郑州市第三次质量预测）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinatown in San Francisco is 41．(big)in America,and also the oldest.It is a very popular tourist draw that receives more visitors each year than even the Golden Gate Bridge.The climate is mild all year round,meaning it is always a good time to visit.
Historically,Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period.What started 42． a residential(居住的）area for Chinese immigrants then turned into a centre for Chinese culture.Most of the residents in Chinatown 43．(be)still Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently.This allows visitors to experience a real taste of China.
Most of Chinatown 44．(destroy)in the 1906 earthquake,but the city and residents rebuilt it,taking care to include lots of Chinese architecture. 45．（traditional),visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate,which was built using materials donated from China.Visitors can also spend hours just 46．(explore)the interesting sights,smells and sounds of China.Portsmouth Square,the centre of Chinatown,is also a key site,which has a long and famous history.These days,the square is a great place to see traditional Chinese culture in real life,such as games of Chinese chess and people practising tai chi.
The 47．(store)in Chinatown offer a unique range of souvenirs,goods and clothing.All kinds of traditional Chinese herbal medicine can be found,too,and there are Chinese tea shops, 48． visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea.But perhaps 49． many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown is its food.There is Chinese food to suit everyone's taste with traditional dishes from all over China. Chinatowns are an important part of the diverse culture of the USA．They allow visitors who have never been to China 50．(experience)traditional Chinese culture first-hand.
【答案】
41．the biggest
42．as
43．are
44．was destroyed
45．Traditionally
46．exploring
47．stores
48．where
49．what
50．to experience
【解析】本文为说明文。本文介绍了旧金山的唐人街。
41．考查形容词最高级。句意：旧金山的唐人街是美国最大的，也是最古老的。分析句子成分和根据句意可知，此处与后文and also the oldest并列，用最高级形式。故填the biggest。
42．考查介词。句意：这里最初是中国移民的居住区，后来变成了中国文化的中心。根据句意可知，此处应填介词，作“作为”之意，故填as。
43．考查动词时态。根据语境可知，本句用一般现在时，主语为most of the residents为复数，故填are。
44．考查被动语态。根据时间状语in the 1906 earthquake可知，该句用一般过去时，另主语为most of Chinatown为单数，与所给动词之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时被动语态，故填was destroyed。
45．考查副词。句意：传统上，游客通过传说中的龙门进入唐人街，这是用中国捐赠的材料建造的。分析句子结构可知，此处应为副词作状语，修饰句子。故填Traditionally。
46．考查动词搭配。游客们也可以花上几个小时去探索中国有趣的风景、气味和声音。本句考查“spend +一段时间 + doing sth”结构，意为“花时间做某事”。故填exploring。
47．考查名词复数。句意：唐人街的商店提供各种独特的纪念品、商品和服装。根据句意可知，此处做主语，根据谓语动词offer可知，应用名词复数，故填stores。
48．考查定语从句。句意：那里有中国茶叶店，游客可以在那里品尝和购买各种各样的中国茶叶。分析句子结构可知，所给空格后的句子为定语从句，修饰先行词Chinese tea shops，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。
49．考查主语从句。句意：但也许许多游客和旧金山人最珍视的是唐人街的食物。分析句子结构可知，___9___ many tourists and San Franciscans treasure most about Chinatown为主语，且主语从句中缺少宾语成分，故用what引导，故填what。
50．考查动词不定式。句意：它们让从未到过中国的游客亲身体验中国传统文化。分析句子结构可知，本句使用allow sb. to do sth.，意为“允许某人做某事”，故该句中应用不定式作宾语补足语，故填to experience。
（2020届湖南省怀化市高三第二次模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词威括号内单词的正确形式。
It’s nice to go out 41．a meal at a restaurant. But what makes it extra special — apart from the food — is to receive attentive service from the staff. Seeing a service charge 42．(add) in your bill can leave a bad taste in your mouth. You 43． (face) with the dilemma of deciding to pay it, and whether you should add a tip on top.
Putting your hand in your pocket to reward good service is a 44． (person) choice, but it also depends on where you are in the world. What is the norm in one city is not 45． (necessary) the norm in another. In some 46． (place) a tip is expected; but in 47．, good service should be expected and ought to be included in the price.
In the UK, people tending to be too polite 48．(complain), the service charge might be paid despite the quiet complaint 49． the service they received was not up to the standard! In the US, however everybody 50． (offer) 20% more as a tip. Maybe we should fallow Japan’s approach, tipping under any circumstance may seem rude because good service is standard and expected.
【答案】
41．for
42．added
43．are faced
44．personal
45．necessarily
46．places
47．others
48．to complain
49．that
50．offers
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了出去吃饭时是否该付小费这一问题，它取决于你在哪个地方，一些国家需要付小费，有些国家则不需要付小费。
41．考查介词。句意：到外面的餐馆吃饭真是太好了。此处用for表示目的，go out for a meal/walk表示“出去吃饭/散步”，故填for。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：看到你的帐单上加了服务费会给你留下不好的印象。分析句子结构可知此处使用非谓语动词，a service charge与add之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故填added。
43．考查时态及语态。句意：你会面临一个两难的问题——是否要付钱以及是否还要再加上小费。be faced with表示“面临”，文章的基础时态为一般现在时，主语为You，故填are faced。
44．考查形容词。句意：掏钱奖励好的服务是一个个人的选择，但它也取决于你在哪个地方。修饰名词choice用形容词，故填personal。
45．考查副词。句意：一个城市的标准不一定也适用于另一个城市。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词作状语，表示“必定地”，故填necessarily。
46．考查名词复数。句意：在一些地方给小费是应该的；但在另一些地方，优质服务是应该的，而且应该包含在价格里面。some修饰可数名词复数，故填places。
47．考查代词。句意：在一些地方给小费是应该的；但在另一些地方，优质服务是应该的，而且应该包含在价格里面。根据空前的“some”可知，此处用others与之构成some...others...的搭配，表示“一些……，另一些”，故填others。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：在英国，人们往往会表现得很绅士而不去抱怨，他们可能会暗自抱怨服务没有达到标准，但还是会付服务费！be too+adj. +to do sth.表示“太……而不能做某事”，故填to complain。
49．考查同位语从句。句意：在英国，人们往往会表现得很绅士而不去抱怨，他们可能会暗自抱怨服务没有达到标准，但还是会付服务费！分析句子结构可知，此处为同位语从句，说明complaint的具体内容，从句成分完整，应使用仅起连接作用、无实义的that引导，故填that。
50．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：但在美国，每个人都会多给20%的小费。陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为everybody，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填offers。
（2020届江西省赣州市高三二模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has ambitious plans to reduce single-use plastics by 2025. China’s National Development and Reform Commission is taking a number of measures 41． (design) to cut the production and use of plastics over the next five years. At the end of 2020,non- Biodegradable (非生物降解的) plastic bags 42． (ban) in supermarkets and malls in major cities. The ban will also apply 43． food delivery services, which use vast amounts of the plastics. Food delivery and takeaway services will stop 44． (use)single-use plastic straws and cutlery (餐具) nationwide. China will encourage 45． use of alternative materials such as non-plastic products and biodegradable shopping bags.
Single-use plastics are one of the world’s 46． (big) sources of plastic pollution. They 47． (become) a part of daily life and a part of our throwaway culture for decades. China set a goal of reducing overconsumption in order to get rid of our reliance on single-use plastics. Previous regulations on plastic use, in 2008, cut production of 48． (rough) 67 billion plastic bags. The United Nations said it’s urgent that all countries adopt 49． (policy) similar to those China is introducing. It said the world cannot cope with the amount of plastic waste we produce. 50． we must rethink is the way we manufacture, use and manage plastics.
【答案】
41．designed
42．will be banned
43．to
44．using
45．the
46．biggest
47．have become
48．roughly
49．policies
50．What
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了中国国家发展和改革委员会正在采取一系列措施，旨在在未来五年内减少塑料的生产和使用。到2020年底，主要城市的超市和商场将禁止使用不可降解的塑料袋。该禁令也将适用于使用大量塑料的食品配送服务。这一举措也得到了联合国的认可。
41．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，可知design在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语measures构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填designed。
42．考查动词时态和语态。根据上文At the end of 2020可知应用一般将来时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be banned。
43．考查介词。句意：该禁令也将适用于使用大量塑料的食品配送服务。结合句意表示“适用于”，短语为apply to。故填to。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：在全国范围内，食品外卖服务将停止使用一次性塑料吸管和餐具。表示“停止（正在做的）某事”应用stop doing sth.。故填using。
45．考查冠词。句意：中国将鼓励使用非塑料产品和可降解购物袋等替代材料。use为名词，此处表示特指“替代材料”的使用，应用定冠词the。故填the。
46．考查最高级。句意：一次性塑料是世界上最大的塑料污染源之一。结合句意表示“世界上最大的”，应用形容词最高级。故填biggest。
47．考查动词时态。根据后文for decades可知应用现在完成时，且主语为they，故助动词用have。故填have become。
48．考查副词。句意：2008年出台的有关塑料使用的规定，减少了大约670亿个塑料袋的生产。此处修饰后文67 billion，应用副词roughly，表示“大约”。故填roughly。
49．考查名词的数。句意：联合国表示，当务之急是所有国家都采取类似中国的政策。policy为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故填policies。
50．考查连接词。句意：我们必须重新思考的是我们制造、使用和管理塑料的方式。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代“必须重新思考的事情”，应用what引导，句首字母要大写。故填What。
（2020届江西省南昌市高三二模）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Eggs are great for breakfast and can41．(cook) in different ways. One topic of debate, however, is why brown chicken eggs usually cost more than white ones. According to Sharman Hickman, the director of community outreach and education for Hickman's Family Farms, it's first important to know the reason42．chickens have various egg colors.
The chicken breed(品种) and their genetics decide whether hens possess pigment genes, the natural chemical during the egg laying process that coats the egg and results43．a colored shell. Hens who produce colored eggshells tend to be44．(large) and require more feed and energy45．(create) that painted layer. Since those breeds cost more to feed, their eggs46．(be) more expensive.
Although eggs sometimes look and are priced47．(different) , it's important to know the color of the eggshell is related to the breed of the hen, not the egg's nutrient content, flavor profile,48．shell thickness, according to Malina Linkas Malkani, media spokesperson for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. “49．(choose) between brown and white eggs is a matter of personal50．(prefer) ,” she says. Whatever you prefer, don't judge an egg by its shell color.
【答案】
41．be cooked
42．why
43．in
44．larger
45．to create
46．are
47．differently
48．or
49．Choosing
50．preference
【解析】这是一篇说明文。鸡蛋是很好的早餐，可以用不同的方法烹饪。然而，引起争论的一个话题是为什么棕色鸡蛋通常比白色鸡蛋更贵。文章解释了鸡为什么会有各种颜色的蛋的原因。有人指出尽管鸡蛋有时看起来和价格不同，但蛋壳的颜色与母鸡的品种有关，不管你喜欢什么，不要根据蛋壳的颜色来判断一个鸡蛋。
41．考查动词语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be cooked。
42．考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词reason，且先行词在从句中做原因状语，用关系副词why。故填why。
43．考查介词。根据短语result in表示“导致”。故填in。
44．考查比较级。句意：生产彩色蛋壳的母鸡往往体型更大，需要更多的饲料和能量来制造彩色蛋壳。结合句意可知表示“更大”应用形容词比较级形式larger。故填larger。
45．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知create在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且此处表目的应用不定式。故填to create。
46．考查动词时态语态。句意：由于这些品种的饲料成本更高，它们的蛋也更贵。根据上文Since those breeds cost more to feed可知为一般现在时，主语为eggs，故谓语动词用复数形式。故填are。
47．考查副词。此处修饰上文动词price“给……定价”应用副词differently，表示“不同地”。故填differently。
48．考查连词。句意：营养与饮食学院的媒体发言人Malina Linkas Malkani表示，虽然鸡蛋的外观和价格有时会有所不同，但要知道蛋壳的颜色与母鸡的品种有关，而不是鸡蛋的营养成分、风味成分或蛋壳的厚度。结合上下文语境可知此处表示选择应用连词or，表示“或者”。故填or。
49．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知本句中缺少主语，故应用动名词短语Choosing between brown and white eggs作主语。句首字母要大写。故填Choosing。
50．考查名词。上文personal为形容词修饰名词，故应填名词preference，表示“喜好”。故填preference。
（2020届辽宁省大连市高三第二次模拟）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese net users have found a new way to battle desertification by playing virtual (虚拟的) planting games. Ant Forest, 41． is under Ant Financial of the Alibaba Group, told the Global Times that they had planted over 50 million trees covering about 507 square kilometers across China from 2016 to 2019.
Ant Forest is the first such game in China. In the Ant Forest plan, any activity 42．(consider) low carbon, including walking, taking public transport and online payments, will be converted into virtual “green energy”. The energy will be used to grow a virtual tree in the “forest” of the 43．(user). They exchange 44．for a real tree by paying the corresponding energy. Ant Forest will plant the real trees in spring and autumn each year 45．the help of local authorities in the desert areas. This way of planting trees46． (recognize) on October 23, 2018 by the National Afforestation Committee as47．means for citizens to fulfill their obligation of planting trees.
The Chinese government attaches great48． (important)to the protection of ecosystems. China aims 49．(increase)the forest cover to 23 percent by 2020, and to 26 percent by 2035. A new study using data from NASA satellite shows that the Earth becomes50．(green) as a result of ambitious tree-planting programs in China.
【答案】
41．which
42．considered
43．users
44．it
45．with
46．was recognized
47．a
48．importance
49．to increase
50．greener
【解析】本文为说明文。阿里巴巴集团蚂蚁金服通过开发“蚂蚁森林”虚拟种植游戏提供给中国网民，从而找到了一种对抗荒漠化的新方法，并且取得了成效。
41．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为Ant Forest，在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，指物，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故用which。
42．考查非谓语动词。句意：在蚂蚁森林计划中，任何被认为是低碳的活动，包括步行、乘坐公共交通和在线支付，都将转化为虚拟的绿色能源。分析句子成分可知，该句中主语为any activity其后所填词汇与主语之间有被动关系，作后置定语，故填considered。
43．考查名词复数。句意：这些能量将被用来在用户的“森林”中生长一棵虚拟树。根据其前的定冠词the可知，此处用名词，根据句意“用户”，可知用复数，故填users。
44．考查代词。句意：他们通过支付相应的能量，将虚拟树转换为真实树。根据句意可知，此处替代前一句a virtual tree，为特指，故填it。
45．考查介词搭配。句意：在每年春秋两季，蚂蚁森林在沙漠地区当地政府的帮助下，种植真正的树木。该句中使用with the help of… 为固定搭配，意为“在…的帮助下”，故填with。
46．考查被动语态。分析句子成分可知，该句中This way of planting trees为主语，是单数，其与所给词汇为被动关系，用被动语态。根据时间状语on October 23, 2018，可知用一般过去时态，故填was recognized。
47．考查不定冠词。句意：2018年10月23日，国家造林绿化委员会将这种植树方式作为公民履行植树义务的一种方式。根据句意可知，此处意指“一种方式”，为泛指，means的首字母发音是辅音，故填a。
48．考查名词。句意：中国政府高度重视生态系统的保护。该句使用固定短语attach importance to … ，意为“重视，认为…重要”，故填importance。
49．考查不定式。句意：中国的目标是到2020年森林覆盖率达到23%，到2035年达到26%。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“目标是，旨在…”故填to increase。
50．考查形容词比较级。句意：一项使用美国宇航局卫星数据的新研究表明，由于中国热心的植树计划，地球变得更加绿了。根据句意可知，植树在中国取得了成效，地球变得更加绿色，暗含“比较”含义，用比较级，故填greener。
（2020届山西省晋中市高三一模）
阅读下面短，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most of the food we eat today has been processed in some way, from salad mix to frozen dinners Some processed foods have ingredients(成分)added, Some 41． (prepare)for convenience, and some are packaged to last much 42． (long). Even foods labeled"natural"or "organic"can be processed. If you eat a lot of highly processed foods, you risk 43． (get) too much sodium(钠), added sugars and unhealthy fats. Highly processed foods contribute almost 60%, of calories and 90%6 of added sugars in the American diet according to a research study.
So 44． can you do if you want to eat more healthily? While it's 45． (wonder)to throw all processed food"under the bus, the reality 46． (be)that you can't avoid it entirely …… nor should you! The key is knowing how 47． (recognize) healthier processed foods and make smart 48． （choice) in the grocery store and restaurants.
Choosing healthier processed foods should start with reading food labels. 49． is the best way to know exactly what's in a processed food. Choose products without a lot of sodium, added sugars, or unhealthy fats. What is more, replace highly processed foods 50． less-processed options。
【答案】
41．are prepared
42．longer
43．getting
44．what
45．wonderful
46．is
47．to recognize
48．choices
49．It
50．with
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了我们今天吃的大多数食物都经过了某种加工，短文介绍了吃经过某种加工的食物给人带来的不良影响，以及想吃的更健康应该怎么办。
41．考查语态和时态。分析句子可知，空处缺少谓语，主语some (processed foods )与谓语prepare为被动关系，be prepared for “为…..做准备”，且句子为一般现在时，故填are prepared。
42．考查副词比较级。much修饰比较级，根据句意“有些被包装起来是为了使食物的保质期更长”，可知，空处填比较级longer。故填longer。
43．考查动名词。risk doing sth “冒险做某事”。为固定短语。故填getting。
44．考查疑问词。do缺少宾语，what作do的宾语。且根据句意“所以，如果你想吃得更健康，你能做些什么呢”。故填what。
45．考查形容词。本句为主系表结构，所以空处填wonderful。故填wonderful。
46．考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时，且本句含有一个表语从句，主语为the reality，是抽象名词，be 动 词 为 is 。故填is。
47．考查动词不定式。分析句子可知，本句为“ 疑问词+ to do”的用法，在句中作know的宾语。故填to recognize。
48．考查名词复数。该空作make的宾语，用名词。choice为可数名词，前无不定冠词修饰，所以本句用其复数形式，表示“多个选择”。故填choices。
49．考查形式主语。分析句子可知，本句为it作形式主语，真正的主语为动词不定式。句子第一个单词首字母大写，故填It。
50．考查介词。句意：更重要的是，用较少加工的食物来取代高度加工的食物。replace…with“ 用……取代……”为固定短语。故填with。
（2020届山西省运城市高三调研）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Could you be a stunt performer, performing stunts in front of an audience or movie camera? Stunt performers perform aerial acrobatics or dangerous actions for the movies. We enjoy 41． (watch) exciting stunts. But for the stunt performers, performing is the day’s work.
Stunt performers lead a busy and 42． (energy) life. They must be fit and strong. Many start off in martial arts (武术) or gymnastics, where they learn to develop 43． (strong) . Experienced stunt performers learn many extra 44． (skill) such as horse riding, working with explosives, and scuba diving.

Stunt performers work 45． movies or television shows are made. Hollywood 46． (know) as the movie capital of the world. Other places 47． busy movie or television studios include Vancouver in Canada, and Queensland in Australia. They often work on location. Filming in remote places such as deserts, jungles, and mountains 48． (keep) them travel frequently. They working on these jobs are away from home for weeks, or even months.
Stunt work is 49． extreme job. The training is hard and the stunts can be dangerous. But performers enjoy the thrill of their work and push themselves hard to do more stunts. Stunt performers know that their jobs are so risky 50． a slight miscalculation, or a piece of damaged equipment, can cause a bad accident. But they don’t let the risks stop them. Their skills and training usually keep them safe.
【答案】
41．watching
42．energetic
43．strength
44．skills
45．wherever/where
46．is known/ has been known
47．with
48．keeps
49．an
50．that
【解析】本文是说明文，介绍了特技演员工作的一些情况。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们喜欢看令人兴奋的特技表演。 短语enjoy doing…“喜欢做……”, enjoy后接动名词作宾语。故填watching。
42．考查形容词。句意：特技演员过着忙碌而充满活力的生活。修饰名词life，应用形容词；energy是名词，形容词为energetic，意思为“精力充沛的，有活力的”。故填energetic。
43．考查名词。句意：许多特技演员从武术或体操开始，从中他们培养力量。分析句子结构，所填词是develop的宾语，应该用名词； strong是形容词，名词为strength，意思为“力量，实力，长处”。故填strength。
44．考查可数名词的单数。句意：有经验的特技演员学习许多额外的技能，如骑马、使用炸药和潜水。skill是可数名词，前面有many，因此应该用复数形式。故填skills。
45．考查从属连词。句意：特技演员在制作电影或电视节目的地方工作。分析句子结构，空后是地点状语从句，应用where引导地点状语从句，意思为“在……地方”；也可以用wherever引导地点状语从句，意思为“在……的任何地方”。故填wherever/where。
46．考查时态和语态。句意：好莱坞被称为世界电影之都。句子叙述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；短语be known as“作为……而闻名”；因此句子用一般现在时的被动语态be done；句子主语Hollywood是单数，be动词应用单数形式；也可用现在完成时的被动语态has/have been done，强调对现在的影响或结果。故填is known/ has been known。
47．考查介词。句意：其他有着繁忙的电影或电视制片厂的地方包括加拿大的温哥华和澳大利亚的昆士兰。根据句意，此处用介词with，表示“具有”。故填with。
48．考查时态。句意：在沙漠、丛林和山区等偏远地区拍摄使得他们经常旅行。分析句子结构，句子主语Filming in remote places such as deserts, jungles, and mountains是动名词短语，因此谓语动词keep应该用单数形式；句子叙述的是客观情况，应用一般现在时。故填keeps。
49．考查冠词。句意：特技工作是一项极限工作。这里泛指“一项极限工作”，此处不定冠词an表示数量，意思为“一个，一种”；extreme的发音是以元音因素开头，因此用不定冠词an。故填an。
50．考查固定句式。句意：特技演员知道他们的工作是如此危险，以至于一个轻微的误判，或者一个损坏的设备，都可能导致严重的事故。前面有so，根据句意，此处是so…that引导结果状语从句，意思为“如此……以至于”。故填that。
（2020届四川省成都七中高三三诊）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Many people take the idea of saving money very seriously. Back in 1924, in Italy, a group of people 41． (think) the inability to resist spending a major social problem. They had the idea of starting a day to remind people to put away some money for a rainy day. This is how World Saving Day, held on Oct. 31st 42．(annual), was started, and it's still going strong in 2019.
Not surprisingly, a movement 43．(target) the poor was started. People in the underdeveloped world are more open 44． calls to be careful with money. But 45． idea of being thrifty (节俭) has also become popular among the rich. Take Mark Zuckerberg for example. The Facebook founder, one of the world's 46．(rich) people, doesn't spend very much money on himself.
Other people don't spend money because they don't like the culture of 47．(consume). This is connected to the view 48． we should make ourselves happy through the activities we take part in, rather than with what we buy.
But however we view money, moderate spending is certainly a good idea when we are still too young to get a job. There is a British saying that 49．(offer) some good advice in this situation: “Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after 50．(they).”

【答案】
41．thought
42．annually
43．targeting
44．to
45．the
46．richest
47．consumption
48．that
49．offers
50．themselves
【解析】这是一篇说明文。很多人都非常重视储蓄的想法。本文主要介绍了穷人和富人的消费观念，指出不管怎样，适度的消费当然是个好主意。
41．考查动词时态。根据上文Back in 1924可知描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填thought。
42．考查副词。句意：每年10月31日的“世界储蓄日”就是这样开始的，并在2019年继续流行。修饰动词held应用副词annually，表示“一年一次地”。故填annually。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：毫不奇怪，一场针对穷人的运动开始了。分析句子结构可知target在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且movement与动词target之间是主谓关系，故用现在分词在句中作定语。故填targeting。
44．考查介词。句意：欠发达国家的人们更愿意接受花钱谨慎的要求。表示“愿意接受”短语为be open to。故填to。
45．考查冠词。句意：但节俭的观念也在富人中流行起来。idea为可数名词，此处特指“节俭的观念”应用定冠词the。故填the。
46．考查最高级。句意：Facebook创始人是世界上最富有的人之一，他在自己身上花的钱并不多。结合句意表示“世界上最富有的”应用形容词最高级richest。故填richest。
47．考查名词。句意：其他人不花钱是因为他们不喜欢消费文化。根据上文the culture of为无生命名词所有格，可知应填不可数名词consumption。故填consumption。
48．考查名词性从句连接词。句意：这与我们应该通过参与活动而不是通过买什么来让自己快乐的观点有关。本句是同位语从句，从句中不缺少主要成分，且句意完整，应该用that引导。故填that。
49．考查主谓一致。句意：在这种情况下，有一个英国谚语提供了一些很好的建议：“积少成多”。定语从句中，谓语动词与先行词a British saying保持一致，且此处陈述客观事实应用一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填offers。
50．考查代词。句意同上。“Look after the pennies, and the pounds will look after themselves.”表示“积少成多”，指代主语pounds，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
（2020届四川省泸州市高三第三次教学质量诊断）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world of fashion seems far away41．middle school students. But Aya Dixon, 15, was42．（luck）to have a close cnnection to the fashion industry before it eventually became her dream job.
On Oct. 8, together with another nine students from Baltimore Design School, US, Dixon attended the White House's first Fashion Education Workshop,43．students had the chance to talk with Anna Wintour, editor-in-chief of the fashion magazine Vogue.44．（lead）by American first lady, the workshop focused on topics such as inspiration, wearable technology and clothing 45．（construct）.
According to White House officials, the goal of the event46．（be）to "show young people what it takes to succeed in the fashion industry. ""Fashion is47．just about catwalks and red carpets," the first lady told students during a lunchtime speech. She said that real fashion is the product of a long, complex and difficult process, as she has learned working with many48．（designer）.
Like many other students, Dixon also got the opportunity to talk to her idols（偶像）."I49．（real）had a fun time interviewing Zac Posen, and it was a great experience," said Dixon. From the famous designer and founder of fashion brand Zac Posen, Dixon learned how50．（sew）and "build from her heart. "
【答案】
41．from
42．lucky
43．where
44．Led
45．construction
46．was
47．not
48．designers
49．really
50．to sew
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍美国中学生走进白宫的时尚教育工作坊学习时尚设计并介绍了活动的目的和意义。
41．考查介词。短语far away from远离。故填from。
42．考查形容词。此处用形容词作表语。be lucky to do sth 幸运地做某事。故填lucky。
43．考查定语从句。句中先行词为Fashion Education Workshop，非限定性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
44．考查非谓语动词。句中逻辑主语the workshop与lead之间为被动关系，以及“by American first lady”判断可知，用过去分词作状语。故填Led。
45．考查名词。根据连词and前面的名词technology可知，这里用名词形式。故填construction。
46．考查时态。句中陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时。主语the goal of the event为单数形式。故填was。
47．考查句意关系。句意：时尚不仅仅是T形台和红地毯。根据句意及后文“real fashion is the product of a long, complex and difficult process,”可知，这里用否定词not。故填not。
48．考查名词的数。名词designers为可数名词，根据前面many修饰可知，用复数形式。故填designers。
49．考查副词。修饰动词had，用副词形式。故填really。
50．考查非谓语动词。这里考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。本句中“疑问词+不定式”作know的宾语。故填to sew。
（2020届安徽省江淮十校高三第三次联考）
阅读下而材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dressed in n flowing long robe 41．（decorate）with floral embroidery（花卉刺绣）from a past era, stylist Xiao Hang looks like she surfaced from a time machine. She walks across the noisy Beijing subway, 42．（attract）curious glances and questions.
China 43．（welcome）western fashion and futuristic technology during the last decades, 44． a growing number of young people like Xiao are looking to the past for their dressing choices. 45．（obvious）, they prefer to put on traditional “hanfu”, or “Han clothing”.
These historic 46．（costume）of the Han ethnic majority are enjoying a renaissance because the government is promoting traditional culture. Period dramas have also contributed to a 47．（great）interest in traditional Chinese clothing and a higher demand for it.
Xiao, who used to work at a state-owned machine manufacturing company，now runs her own hanfu business,48． she dresses customers for photo shoots and even plans hanfu-style weddings. However, there is some way before the style reaches wide 49．（accept）in China. Many people say their hesitation is due to the odd looks they get when wearing hanfu 50． public.
【答案】
41．decorated
42．attracting
43．has welcomed/has been welcoming
44．but
45．Obviously
46．costumes
47．greater
48．where
49．acccptance
50．in
【解析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明了中国越来越多的人开始穿传统的“汉服”，这些具有历史意义的汉族服饰正在复兴，部分原因是政府正在推广传统文化，以增强爱国主义和民族认同感，同时说明了汉服的服装特点，以不同的人为例来说明汉服的意义和影响。
41．考查非谓语动词。decoraled此处做后置定语，修饰robe，意为：身穿一件以花卉刺绣装饰的古代飘逸长袍，decorate和robe之间是被动关系，用过去分词。故填decorated。
42．考查非谓语动词。attracting这里用现在分词表示自然而然的结果。故填attracting。
43．考查时态。has welcomed/has been welcoming 此处是对谓语动词的考查，从during the lase decades 这个时间状语，可知为现在完成时或现在完成进行时。故填has welcomed/has been welcoming。
44．考查连词。句意：在过去的几十年，中国人接受了西方的时尚和先进的未来技术，但是越来越多像肖航这样的年轻人在穿着打扮上追求复古，穿起了汉服。所以前后句意是转折关系，故填but。
45．考查副词。此处副词obviously修饰整个句子，用副词。故用Obviously。
46．考查名词。根据these可以推出此处主语应为复数， costume应使用复数形式。故填costumes。
47．考查形容词比较级。根据后面的higher demand可以看出这里存在一个比较关系，因此用比较级，故填greater。
48．考查定语从句关系词。句意：肖航现在经营汉服生意，主要为汉服摄影顾客提供服装搭配服务，有时还会策划汉服形式婚礼。该句先行词是抽象的地点名词business，在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
49．考查名词。该句中wide是形容词，后面修饰名词，故填acceptance。
50．考查固定搭配。此处in public，表示“公开地，在公共场合”，为固定搭配。故填in。
（2020届福建省福州市高三二模）
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。
As schools close and millions of people across the United States work from home, the promise of companionship is prompting(促使) some to take in animals. The41．(decide) to adopt pets flies in the face of some conventional wisdom that discourages adding a new animal 42．a household during a stressful or busy time of the year, such as the holidays. But so far the novel coronavirus43．( create) an almost parental leave-like situation for many people.
"There's no doubt44．animals provide incredible comfort and companionship, especially during times of crisis- and they45．(certain) appreciate the attention- so we encourage people 46．(continue) to adopt animals in need," said Malt Bershadker, president and chief executive of the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
People are bringing home all kinds of living creatures for companionship during an unprecedented(空前的) time of social isolation(隔离), and they're sharing47．(photo) or social media to provide a break from darker news.
Pets can also entertain younger family members at home- -Kenneth Lynch and Lauren Wakefield bought a blue-and-silver betta fish for their two young children to help develop48．strong sense of responsibility with feeding it and49．( clean) the tank. This will help them "occupy some of their time in a more50． ( health) manner" while they are home from school, Lynch said.
【答案】
41．decision
42．to
43．has created
44．that
45．certainly
46．to continue
47．photos
48．a
49．cleaning
50．healthy
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了因为新型冠状病毒疫情的原因，全美国数百万人在家工作，促使一些人开始收养动物。文章说明了一些人对养宠物的看法。
41．考查名词。句意：收养宠物的决定公然违背了一些传统观念，这些传统观念不鼓励人们在一年中压力大或繁忙的时候（比如节假日）为家庭增添新的动物。根据上文the可知应填名词decision作主语，表示“决定”。故填decision。
42．考查介词。句意同上。结合句意表示“增添”短语为add to。故填to。
43．考查动词时态。根据上文so far“到目前为止”可知谓语应用现在完成时，主语为the novel coronavirus，助动词用has。故填has created。
44．考查连接词。句意：美国防止虐待动物协会主席兼首席执行官Malt Bershacker说：“毫无疑问，动物提供了令人难以置信的安慰和陪伴，特别是在危机时期——它们当然也很欣赏人们的关注——因此我们鼓励有需要的人们继续收养动物”。表示“毫无疑问……”句型为there is no doubt that…。故填that。
45．考查副词。修饰后文动词appreciate应用副词certainly，表示“当然”。故填certainly。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：美国防止虐待动物协会主席兼首席执行官Malt Bershacker说：“毫无疑问，动物提供了令人难以置信的安慰和陪伴，特别是在危机时期——它们当然也很欣赏人们的关注——因此我们鼓励有需要的人们继续收养动物”。表示“鼓励某人做某事”短语为encourage sb. to do sth.。故填to continue。
47．考查名词的数。photo为可数名词，前面没有冠词，故应用复数形式。故填photos。
48．考查冠词。句意：宠物也可以在家里娱乐年轻的家庭成员——Kenneth Lynch和 Lauren Wakefield给两个年幼的孩子买了一条蓝白相间的斗鱼，以培养他们在喂养斗鱼和清洗鱼缸方面的强烈责任感。结合句意表示“责任感”短语为a sense of responsibility。故填a。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。结合上文并列结构with feeding it and可知空处与feeding一样，应填动词-ing形式。故填cleaning。
50．考查形容词。修饰后文名词manner应用形容词healthy，表示“健康的”。故填healthy。
（2020届福建省厦门市高三第二次质检）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has been around for generations and centuries. In the olden days, people had to use natural resources that they found 41． (cure) sickness and diseases. Technology wasn't as 42． (develop) as it is today. Therefore, natural remedies (疗法) are the trusted and 43． (rely) source of medication (药物).
Although the knowledge and education of TCM are declining, Chinese medicines are still around, and some remain the top few 44． (choice) of people till today. It 45． (say) that TCM goes to the root of the illness as compared to western medicine, where they medicate to relieve sickness and conditions instead. This contains the study of body energy, 46． refers to the yin and yang and aims to bring balance to the body's natural hormones.
In Singapore there’s no better place to find Chinese medicines 47． in Chinatown- a colorful and lively place, rich 48． Chinese culture and history. Today, locals and tourists visit Chinatown to immerse themselves in the Chinese culture.
Besides, to treat their heath conditions, people, 49． (particular) the older generation, visit medical halls in Chinatown to buy Chinese medicines instead of 50． (visit) General Practitioners. Some of the halls are still around even after rapid changes and new developments in Singapore.
【答案】
41．to cure
42．developed
43．reliable
44．choices
45．is said
46．which
47．than
48．in
49．particularly
50．visiting
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述随着社会的发展，中国传统医学虽然面临挑战，但依然受人们的欢迎。
41．考查动词不定式。句意：在过去，人们不得不使用他们发现的自然资源来治疗疾病。that they found是定语从句， natural resources 是先行词，在定语从句中作found的宾语，因此此处使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to cure。
42．考查形容词。句意：过去的技术并不像今天这样发达。此处需要填入develop的形容词作表语。develop的两个形容词是developing和developed。developing：发展中的，developed：发达的。该句子表示的是过去的技术不如现在的发达。故填developed。
43．考查形容词。句意：因此，自然疗法是值得信赖和可靠的药物来源。此处需要填入rely的形容词作定语。rely的形容词是reliable，由trusted（可信赖的）可知，填入reliable合乎句意。故填reliable。
44．考查名词的数。句意：尽管人们对中医的了解和学习中医的人在减少，但中药仍在流行，直到今天，有些中药仍是人们的首选。few修饰可数名词的复数形式，choice的复数是choices。故填choices。
45．考查固定句型。句意：人们说，中医治疗的是疾病的根源，而在西医中，药物是缓解疾病和减轻病症。 It is said that ：人们说……，据说……。它是固定句型，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句，由上下文的动词可知，该句型使用一般现在时。故填is said。
46．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这包括对人体能量的研究，涉及阴阳，旨在平衡人体的天然激素。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词是study of body energy，因此使用which引导定语从句中。故填which。
47．考查介词。句意：在新加坡，没有比唐人街更好的找到中药的地方了，它是一个丰富多彩而充满生机的地方，有着丰富的中国文化和历史。 由前面的better可知，该句子是在表达比较意义，因此此处填入than。故填than。
48．考查固定短语。句意：在新加坡，没有比唐人街更好的找到中药的地方了，它是一个丰富多彩而充满生机的地方，有着丰富的中国文化和历史。（be）rich in：在……方面丰富。故填in。
49．考查副词。句意：此外，为了治疗他们的身体，人们，特别是老一辈，前往唐人街的医疗馆购买中药，而不是去看全科医生。particular的副词在句子中作状语。故填particularly。
50．考查动名词。句意：此外，为了治疗他们的身体，人们，特别是老一辈，前往唐人街的医疗馆购买中药，而不是去看全科医生。visit在此处作为动词使用，它在介词of后面应该使用动名词的形式。故填visiting。
（2020届广东省高三模拟一）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You only have one pair of eyes, so take care of them! But do you know that it is tempting to think that your eyes are simply mirrors that reflect whatever is in front of them? Researchers, however, 41． ( show) that your brain is constantly working to create the 42． (impress) of an uninterrupted and continuous world. For instance, in the last 10 minutes, you have blinked (眨眼)your eyes around 200 times. You have probably not been aware of any 43． these interruptions in your visual world. Something you probably have not seen in a long time without the aid of mirrors 44． (be) your nose. It is always right there, down in the bottom comer of your vision, but your brain filters it out so that you are not aware of your nose 45． you purposefully look at it. Nor are you aware of the artery (动脉) 46． ( run) right down the middle of your retina (视网 膜).It creates 47． large blind spot in your visual field, but you never notice the hole it leaves. To see this blind spot 48． (clear) , try the following: cover your left eye with your hand. With your right eye, look at the 0 on the left. As you move your head 49． ( close) to the 0, the X will disappear as it enters the blind spot 50．(cause) by your optical nerve. Your brain works hard to make the world look continuous!
【答案】
41．have shown
42．impression
43．of
44．is
45．unless
46．running
47．a
48．clearly
49．closer
50．caused
【解析】这是一篇说明文。人们很容易认为你的眼睛只是一面镜子，反映出你面前的一切,研究人员已经表明，你的大脑在不断地工作，以创造出一个不间断、连续的世界的印象。视网膜中央的动脉，它在你的视野中形成了一个大的盲点。
41．考查动词时态。根据句意“然而，研究人员已经表明，你的大脑在不断地工作，以创造出一个不间断、连续的世界的印象”，此处指过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，且主语为复数名词，助动词用have。故填have shown。
42．考查名词。根据上文the可知应填名词，且表示“印象”名词为impression。故填impression。
43．考查介词。根据短语any of表示“……中的任何一个”，故填of。
44．考查主谓一致。本句主语为something，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，故谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填is。
45．考查连词。根据句意“除非你有目的地看它”可知，此处为条件状语从句，表示“除非”应用unless。故填unless。
46．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知run在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，与逻辑主语artery构成主动关系，故用现在分词。故填running。
47．考查冠词。spot为可数名词，此处表示泛指应用不定冠词，且large为辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
48．考查副词。修饰动词see应用副词clearly，表示“清楚地”。故填clearly。
49．考查比较级。句意：当你的头离0更近的时候，X就会消失，因为它进入了由你的视神经引起的盲点。结合句意表示“更近”应用形容词比较级closer。故填closer。
50．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知cause在句中应用非谓语动词形式，且与逻辑主语blind spot构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填caused。
（2020届广东省梅州市高三总复习质检）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Every day people throw away a lot of household garbage – paper, cans, kitchen waste, used batteries and glass 41． sorting it. There are many problems 42．(cause) by unsorted garbage. On one hand, it's 43．great waste of resources. On the other hand, the disposal of unsorted garbage can cause serious environmental pollution, 44．does harm to people's health. Now our government has realized the importance of garbage sorting. So far many activities 45． (hold) to teach people how to sort garbage 46． (proper).
People in cities, like Beijing and Shanghai, are required to sort garbage into four categories - kitchen waste, dangerous waste, 47． (recycle) waste and other waste. Also, they can get certain points for sorting their garbage. When they accumulate enough points, they can go to the community 48． (exchange) them for some gifts of daily use. However, still a lot of people in China lack the 49． (aware) of garbage sorting. Changing people's mindsets and habits will take a long time. But once one person 50． (develop) the habit of garbage sorting, more may be influenced to do the same.
【答案】
41．without
42．caused
43．a
44．which
45．have been held
46．properly
47．recyclable
48．to exchange
49．awareness
50．develops
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了没有分类的垃圾造成了环境污染，且对人的健康有害。在上海、北京等一些大城市已经开始实行垃圾分类，并通过一些政策鼓励市民将垃圾进行分类处理。
41．考查介词。句意：每天人们都要扔很多没有分类的垃圾——纸张、易拉罐、厨余垃圾、废电池和玻璃。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处用介词without“没有”符合语境，故填without。
42．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语problems和cause之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填caused。
43．考查冠词。此处是固定表达a waste of“一个……的浪费”，故填a。
44．考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词 environmental pollution在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词which/that，又非限中不能使用that，故填which。
45．考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，由so far判断为现在完成时，主语activities和hold之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语复数，故填have been held。
46．考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词sort，故填properly。
47．考查形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词waste，recyclable“可回收的”，故填recyclable。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们积累足够的积分时，就可以去社区交换用于日常使用的礼物。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故填to exchange。
49．考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为lack的宾语，“意识”是抽象名词，不可数，故填awareness。
50．考查谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是从句谓语动词，由下文的may be influenced和主将从现原则判断此处应用一般现在时，主语one person是第三人称单数，谓语动词应用三单，故填develops。
（2020届广东省肇庆市高三质量监测）
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.
People in Italy , where some medical supplies are running low due to the COVID─19 outbreak，have expressed their41．(appreciate) for China’s help after a planeload of needed supplies arrived. These medical supplies, including masks, 42． (deliver) to Italy a short time ago to help it deal with its growing crisis. “In this moment of stress, of great difficulty, we are43． (deep) relieved to have this arrival of supplies. This is for sure a really important donation for Italy, 44． is fighting against the virus,” said the head of the Italian Red Cross.
A team of nine45． (competence) Chinese medical workers arrived in Rome late on Thursday, along with 31 metric tons of equipment, on a flight46． (organize) by the Red Cross society of China.
Italy’s outbreak risks 47． (overload) the nation’s hospitals. Some key supplies are running low and the health care system is already48．stress. Reuters reported that none of Italy’s49． (partner) in the European Union responded to Rome’s requests for help with medical supplies. On50．contrary, China responded. An Italian man played Chinese national anthem (国歌) during the “balcony concert” on Saturday in Rome.
【答案】
41．appreciation
42．were delivered
43．deeply
44．which
45．competent
46．organized
47．overloading
48．under
49．partners
50．the
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了意大利在COVID - 19疫情爆发期间部分医疗物资短缺，意大利在欧盟的合作伙伴没有对罗马的医疗用品援助请求作出回应。相反，中国做出了回应。在满载所需物资的飞机抵达后，意大利民众感谢中国的帮助。
41．考查名词。句意：意大利部分医疗物资因COVID - 19疫情爆发而短缺，在满载所需物资的飞机抵达后，意大利民众对中国的帮助表示感谢。根据their可知此处要用名词，且appreciation是不可数名词。故填appreciation。
42．考查时态和语态。句意：这些医疗用品，包括口罩，不久前被运往意大利，以帮助其应对日益严重的危机。根据a short time ago 可知时态是一般过去时，且由主语These medical supplies可知此处要用被动语态。故填were delivered。
43．考查副词。句意：在这个非常困难的时刻，救援物资的到来让我们松了一口气。根据are relieved，可知此处要用副词，用副词修饰动词。故填deeply。
44．考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：这对正在抗击病毒的意大利来说无疑是一笔非常重要的捐赠。分析句子成分可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，缺少主语，根据先行词a really important donation for Italy可知此处要用关系代词which , that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
45．考查形容词。句意：9日晚些时候，由中国红十字会组织的9名有能力的中国医护人员和31吨设备抵达罗马。根据Chinese medical workers，可知此处要用形容词修饰名词。故填competent。
46．考查过去分词。句意：9日晚些时候，由中国红十字会组织的9名能干的中国医护人员和31吨设备抵达罗马。分析句子成分可知，此句谓语动词是arrived ，根据a flight与organize之间是被动关系，可知此处要用过去分词作定语。故填organized。
47．考查现在分词。句意：意大利的疫情可能导致该国医院超负荷运转。根据谓语动词risks可知此处要用现在分词，短语risk doing sth.“冒险做某事”，是固定搭配。故填overloading。
48．考查介词。句意：一些关键物资供应不足，卫生保健系统已经处于压力下。短语under stress“处于压力下”，是固定搭配。故填under。
49．考查名词的复数。句意：据路透社报道，意大利在欧盟的合作伙伴没有对罗马的医疗用品援助请求作出回应。根据none of Italy’s可知此处要用名词的复数。故填partners。
50．考查冠词。句意：相反，中国做出了回应。短语on the contrary“相反，正相反”，是固定搭配。故填the。
（2020届广东省珠海市高三三模）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。
A study, 41． (lead) by the University of St. Andrews, found a balanced and healthy lifestyle, including becoming fitter, having less stress and sleeping 42． (long) all gave skin a more healthy-looking colour.
Previous 43． (study) have linked improvements in skin colour to a good diet but the latest study also examined 44． relationship between general health and skin colour.
They measured skin colour with a device that recorded how a rainbow of colours was reflected from the skin and found that both high 45．(fit) and low body fat were associated with a higher skin yellowness.
The research team also assessed whether a change in health changed skin appearance. They 46． (follow) 59 students from sports clubs to measure the training effect 47． their skin.
They found those 48． became healthier or lost body fat showed an increase in skin yellowness. Scientists concluded that exercise and healthy eating were low-cost ways of improving your skin. Any effort 49． (improve) lifestyle would benefit the skin within a 50． (relative) short time.
【答案】
41．led
42．longer
43．studies
44．the
45．fitness
46．followed
47．on
48．who
49．to improve
50．relatively
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了最近的一项研究了肤色和健康状况之间的关系。该研究发现任何改善生活方式的努力都会对肤色有益。
41．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语study和lead之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填led。
42．考查副词的比较级。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词sleep，再结合上文的fitter和less判断此处应用比较级，故填longer。
43．考查名词的数。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为句子主语，由are判断主语是复数名词，故填studies。
44．考查冠词。句意：之前的研究把良好的饮食和肤色的改善联系在一起，但最新的研究也调查了健康和肤色之间是关系。根据句意可知，此处特指健康和肤色之间是关系，应用定冠词，故填the。
45．考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应填名词和下文的fat共同作为句子主语，“健康”不可数，故填fitness。
46．考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，由上文的assessed判断为一般过去时，故填followed。
47．考查冠词。此处考查固定表达effect on“对……的影响”，故填on。
48．考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，指代人的先行词those在从句中充当主语，应用关系代词who，故填who。
49．考查非谓语动词。句意：任何改善生活方式的努力都会在相对短的时间里对皮肤有好处。根据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作为名词effort的后置定语，effort to improve lifestyle“改善生活方式的努力”，故填to improve。
50．考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词short，故填relatively。
（2020届河北省邯郸市高三第二次模拟）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
During Major Cold (大寒), as the cold current moves southward, the weather is very cold. Although modern meteorological (气象的) observation shows that in some regions of China the weather during Major Cold is not colder than Minor Cold, the 41． (low) temperatures of the whole year still occur in the Major Cold period in some coastal 42． (area).
During Major Cold, People in Beijing have a habit of 43．(eat) “dispelling cold cake”, a kind of rice cake. Sticky rice, the cake’s main ingredient, is rich 44． sugar. It can make people feel warm all over their bodies. In Chinese the word “rice cake” has the same 45． (pronounce) with the word “higher in a new year”, 46． symbolizes good luck and continual promotion.
In Anqing of Anhui province, people 47． (traditional) eat fried spring rolls during Major Cold. They use a round, 48． (cook) and thin pancake to wrap stuffing (馅) in a thin roll. Then it is fried in a pan with oil until it turns yellow and 49． (float) to the top. The stuffing inside the spring roll contains meat or vegetables and the flavor can be salty 50． sweet.
【答案】
41．lowest
42．areas
43．eating
44．in
45．pronunciation
46．which
47．traditionally
48．cooked
49．floats
50．or
【解析】这是一篇说明文，本文介绍了中国传统节气——大寒。
41．考查形容词最高级。句意：但在一些沿海地区，全年的最低气温仍然出现在大寒期间。根据空格前的定冠词以及语境可知，此处需要用形容词的最高级形式。故填lowest。
42．考查名词复数。句意：但在一些沿海地区，全年的最低气温仍然出现在大寒期间。根据前面的some可知此处指“一些地方”，area为可数名词，这里用它的复数形式。故填areas。
43．考查非谓语动词。句意：在大寒这一天，北京人民有吃“消寒糕”的习俗。它是年糕的一种。介词of后面要加名词或动名词形式。故填eating。
44．考查介词。句意：其主要成分是含糖量高的糯米。be rich in... “富含……”为固定搭配。故填in。
45．考查词性转换。句意：在中国文字里，年糕还有“年高”之意。此处空格作has的宾语，且在形容词the same之后，所以要用名词形式。故填 pronunciation。
46．考查定语从句引导词。句意：寓意吉祥如意、步步高升。根据句子结构，此处为非限制性定语从句，关系词指代“higher in a new year”，并且在从句中作主语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。
47．考查副词。句意：在安徽省安庆，大寒节气有吃炸春卷的习俗。此处要用副词形式作状语，修饰动词eat。故填traditionally。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们用一个圆形、熟的薄饼包裹上馅料，做成细细的春卷。此处为过去分词作前置定语，表示“被烹饪熟的薄饼”。故填cooked。
49．.考查主谓一致。句意：然后，放入平底锅油炸，直到它变成黄色并浮上来。此处空格与前面动词turns为并列谓语，主语为it。故填floats。
50．考查连词。句意：春卷里面的馅含有肉或蔬菜，味道可咸可甜。这里指春卷的不同味道，或咸或甜，salty和sweet为选择关系。故填or。