(新高考)高考英语二轮提分秘籍专题二 七选五专项练一（说明文） (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语二轮提分秘籍专题二 七选五专项练一（说明文） (含详解)，共25页。
A
(2021·淄博市高三联考)
Thinking abut a summer jb after graduatin？As mre peple cmpete fr fewer penings，yu’ll need t d yur research，write a great rsum(简历) and get ready fr the interview.
T find a jb that is right fr yu，make a list f yur interests and strengths，as well as yur dislikes，and keep them in mind as yu lk fr a jb.Fr example，if yu lve bks r writing，a jb in a bkstre r library might be perfect fr yu.__1__ Yu might nt knw details abut the psitin，but yu can prepare by researching the cmpany itself.
__2__ Regardless f the type f the jb yu’re applying fr，a great rsum really makes yu stand ut.Mst imprtantly，present the strengths in it.It is an effective way t highlight yur strngest skills and encurage the hiring manager t read mre.Having a jb experience in yur rsum increases the pssibility t land a jb t.If nt，dn’t wrry—there are plenty f ther things，extracurricular r vluntary activities yu can d t imprve yur jb applicatins.Make sure the email address and phne number included n yur applicatin.__3__
What d jb interviewers lk fr？__4__ Interviewers want t hire candidates wh are smart，wh think quickly and clearly，and wh can express themselves and cmmunicate well.Dress the part—yur appearance als affects yur chances f getting the jb.__5__That means n sandals r jeans.Even if yu’ll be scping ice cream behind a cunter，it helps t lk prfessinal fr the interview.
A．Babysitting is in great need nwadays.
B．A gd rsum is yur best jb－hunting tl.
C．These details will be used t cntact yu abut interviews.
D．A precise descriptin f hbbies in yur rsum is crucial.
E．It’s nt just the previus wrk histry r unique skills that matter.
F．When yu head ut fr yur interview，avid lking t casual.
G．But if little kids drive yu crazy，a babysitting jb may nt be ideal.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了找工作需要注意的几个事项。
1．G [考查上下文衔接。空前的“如果你热爱阅读或写作，那么书店或图书馆的工作对你来说是完美的”是一个例子，用于说明找工作的时候你得明白自己的喜恶和优劣势，空后是“对于岗位的具体细节你可能知之甚少，但是你可以通过研究公司本身做好准备”，因此空处应该还是说明找工作时，你得明白自己的喜恶和优劣势，故G项符合语境。]
2．B [考查段落主旨句。根据第一段中的“yu’ll need t d yur research，write a great rsum (简历) and get ready fr the interview”和文章结构可知，本段讲到的是 write a great rsum，再结合段落大意可知，B项适合作本段的主旨句。]
3．C [考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句“要记得把邮件地址和电话号码写进你的申请信里”可知，C项“这些细节将会被用于联系你面试”符合语境。]
4．E [考查上下文衔接。空前一句是一个问句“面试官要找什么呢”，而空后一句“面试官想要的是聪明睿智、思维敏捷、善于自我表达和交流的候选人”是对该问题的正面回答，据此可知，空处讲到的应该也是对该问题的回答，综合选项可知E项符合语境。]
5．F [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲到了“着装得体——你的外表也会影响你得到工作的机会”，而空后一句“这就意味着不要穿拖鞋或牛仔裤”是对空前一句的具体阐释，因此空处讲到的应该是着装不要随意，故F项符合语境。]
B
(2021·东北三省四市教研体一模)
Principles f Develping the Yuth’s Leadership Skills
—Lk fr leadership ptential in everyne.
__1__．Nt everyne feels cmfrtable when leading a meeting r speaking at an event，but they may be able t talk t teachers abut a prject r draft a letter t the schl r cmmunity newspaper.It’s wrthwhile t think abut all f the ways the yuth can get invlved in.
—Take time t give them meaningful feedback and build their self－cnfidence.
It can be difficult t find time t meet with the yuth individually，but it is imprtant.Plan t meet regularly with cre leaders and be n the lkut fr imprmptu (即兴的) individual meetings.__2__．Further plans can be discussed during the meetings and the yuth can have mre curage.
—Opprtunities are when the yuth lead prjects r activities.
Smetimes it’s hard t take a step back and play the supprtive rle，but it is the nly way t develp leaders authentically (真正地)．But smetimes yu ask a yuth t take wnership f a task and then decide t d it yurself.__3__．When leaders d nt cme thrugh with an assignment，it’s imprtant t hld them accuntable.The yuth will feel accmplished after wrking hard and grw up.
—__4__．
Training can be facilitated with in－huse staff r an utside resurce persn，s the yuth feel cnfident in their knwledge and skills.As tasks get mre advanced，the level f training shuld prgress as well.At the same time，yu must examine the skills and assistance yu prvide t the grup t ensure that expectatins are clear and that fllw－ups take place t inquire abut any extra supprt needed.__5__．
A．That can leave a negative impact
B．Build up their cnfidence and cheer them up
C．Offer lts f training and clear guidance
D．Think f every yung persn as smene wh pssesses leadership ability
E．Make sure yung peple have the guidance needed t cmplete agreed upn activities
F．These culd happen while walking with a yuth t get a snack befre r after a meeting
G．Leadership skills can be absrbed in classrm learning thrugh the belief in learned ptimism
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了培养年轻人领导技能的几个原则，包括在每个人身上寻找领导才能潜质、提供大量培训和清晰的指导等。
1．D [考查上下文衔接。根据该部分的标题Lk fr leadership ptential in everyne.可知，D项(把每个年轻人都当作拥有领导能力的人)符合语境。]
2．F [考查上下文衔接。根据上文中的“be n the lkut fr imprmptu (即兴的) individual meetings”可推知答案为F，因为该选项表述的是可能发生的与年轻人单独会面的情景。F项中的“these”指代上文中的“imprmptu (即兴的) individual meetings”。]
3．A [考查上下文衔接。根据该部分标题可知，该部分主要讲让年轻人领导项目或活动，但空前一句讲有时候你让年轻人承担一项任务又决定自己来做，结合该部分主旨可知，这样做是不对的，应该让年轻人自己决定。故A项符合语境。]
4．C [考查段落小标题。根据本段中的“Training can be facilitated”“the level f training”“assistance”“supprt”可知，本段主要涉及培训和指导，故答案为C。]
5．E [考查上下文衔接。根据上一句“At the same time，yu must examine the skills and inquire abut any extra supprt needed.”可知此处说的是要给年轻人支持以及指导。所以E项符合语境。”]
C
(2021·河南省高考适应性测试)
It may be tempting (诱人的) t take the summer ff and relax，but lking fr a jb will give yu helpful life skills.Finding a jb may be hard，but the search will be wrth it.Jbs are ut there.__1__，even if yu dn’t land the jb yu want.
·Yu’ll develp yur interview skills.The mre jbs yu apply fr，the better yu’ll get at interviewing.Learning t interview well is a skill.It can help yu get int cllege and even land a full－time jb.
·__2__．Yu may nt get the first jb yu interview fr.Rejectin happens in life and it can be hard t handle.The mre we face rejectin，the easier it becmes t mve frward and bunce back.
·Yu’ll learn smething abut yurself.If yu get a jb that wasn’t yur first chice，yu might discver a new skill r interest.If yu need t save mney，yu may learn that cmmitment (不得不做的事) is necessary t reach yur gals.What if nthing wrks ut？__3__．
·Yu’ll push the limits f yur cmfrt zne.It’s a lt easier t sit at hme ding the same things.__4__．Experiencing new things can make yu mre prductive and yu might even have fun!
__5__．Yu have nthing t lse and a lt t gain.And if yu dn’t get a jb，vlunteer.
Vlunteering is a great way t gain experience.It lks favrable n rsums (简历) fr cllege applicatins r future jbs.
If yu need help in writing a rsum t apply fr a jb，search nline.A number f websites ffer free tips.
A．Practice makes perfect
B．Yu’ll find a better wrld
C．Yu’ll get better at dealing with rejectin
D．Yu may decide t start yur wn business
E．Yu’ll still gain these skills frm the prcess
F．If yu’re thinking abut a summer jb，apply
G．But jb－hunting can push yu ut f yur cmfrt zne
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。虽然找工作很难，但是即使你没有找到心仪的工作，你也可以从中学到很多。
1．E [考查上下文衔接。根据逗号后的让步状语从句“即使你没有得到你想要的工作”以及下文介绍的你可以在找工作的经历中学到的东西可知，E项符合语境。]
2．C [考查段落主旨句。本段主要讲的是应对“Rejectin”方面的收获，故C项适合作本段的主旨句。]
3．D [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句讲的是“你会对自己有所了解”，接下来作者列举了两种情况并提出问题“如果都不行怎么办？”，故空处应是对空前问题的回答，所以D项“你可能会决定自己创业”符合语境。]
4．G [考查上下文衔接。本段主旨句讲的是挑战你舒适区的极限，根据空前一句“坐在家里做同样的事情会很容易”可知，空处讲的应该是找工作会让你走出舒适区，故G项符合语境。]
5．F [考查上下文衔接。空后一句讲了你没有什么可以失去，还会得到很多，所以F项“如果你想要找一份暑期工作，去申请吧”符合语境。]
D
(2021·云南省第一次高中毕业生统一检测)
STEM is an educatin curriculum that fcuses n the subjects f science，technlgy，engineering and mathematics.__1__．That’s why STEM educatin prgrams are becming mre and mre ppular.But what d these prgrams ffer？Will participatin in them really make a difference？Here are sme f their advantages.
·Build up cnfidence
During STEM educatin activities，students learn in a safe envirnment that allws them t fail and try again.STEM educatin stresses the value f failure as a learning exercise，which will help students t embrace mistakes as part f the learning prcess.This allws students t build cnfidence，enabling them t keep ging when the ging gets rugh.__2__．
·Encurage experimentatin
Withut risk－taking and experimentatin，many f the technlgical advancements that have ccurred in the last cuple f decades wuld nt be pssible.Many f these innvatins (新方法，新发明) were created by peple wh were tld that their ideas wuldn’t wrk and their respnse was，“Let’s try it and see.”__3__．By experimenting and taking risks during learning activities students can frm this attitude.
·__4__
STEM educatin can be taught t students f all ability levels.Students f varying levels f ability can wrk tgether in teams t find slutins t prblems，recrd data，write reprts，give presentatins，etc.The result is students wh understand hw t cperate with thers and develp team spirit.
·Prmte tech use
__5__．S，when students cme acrss new technlgies，they will be prepared t accept them，instead f being hesitant r fearful.This will give them the upper hand in the glbal landscape，as the wrld is becming increasingly tech－centered.
A．Inspire teamwrk
B．Teach essential life skills
C．STEM educatin teaches students hw t slve prblems
D．This type f attitude can be encuraged with STEM learning
E．After all，failure is part f the prcess that finally leads t success
F．These subjects enable students t think critically and creatively
G．STEM learning teaches kids abut the pwer f technlgy and innvatin
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。STEM 指的是科学、技术、工程和数学。文章介绍了参加STEM教育项目的好处，包括增强自信心、鼓励尝试等。
1．F [考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句可知，此处需要说明为何这些学科越来越受欢迎。F项适合此处，且F项中的“These subjects”与空前一句中的“the subjects f science，technlgy，engineering and mathematics”相呼应。]
2．E [考查上下文衔接。根据该段内容可知，本段主要说明STEM教育能让学生们正确对待错误从而树立自信心。E项有关键词“failure”，且表述错误是最终导致成功的过程的一部分，符合语境。]
3．D [考查上下文衔接。由空前一句中的“their respnse was，‘Let’s try it and see.’”可知，空前一句讲了人们对于一些观点的态度，空后一句表述在学习活动中学生通过做实验和冒险可以形成这个态度，故选项D(这种态度可以通过STEM学习来培养)符合语境。]
4．A [考查段落小标题。根据本段最后一句“The team spirit.”可知，本段主要说明学习这些课程的优点之一是激发团队精神，故A项可作本段的小标题。]
5．G [考查上下文衔接。根据小标题Prmte tech use 以及空后一句“S，when hesitant r fearful.”可知，此处应为孩子们已准备好接受新技术的原因，选项G(STEM学习教孩子们技术和革新的力量)符合语境。]
E
(2021·长春市高三质量监测二)
D yu like the idea f running yur wn business frm hme？Mst f yu d，and the first things yu say yu like abut it are being yur wn bss，having flexible hurs and wrking in yur pajamas (睡衣)．__1__
Being yur wn bss is definitely ne big advantage.__2__ Yu must cmmit t wrk n yur business regularly t make prfits.If nt，yu will find that yur incme becmes nn－existent.S，set ffice hurs when yu prductively wrk n building yur business.
__3__ Dctrs’ appintments and family cmmitments can simply be wrked int yur schedule.Again，yu need t arrange yur appintments carefully and try t bk them tgether.This way yu can get all f yur running arund dne in ne day.
Wrking in yur pajamas may seem appealing initially.But it can als prevent yu frm actually getting yur wrk dne.__4__ After that，just walk int yur ffice and start yur day’s wrk.Being t casual means getting less wrk dne n a regular basis.
In rder t run a successful business frm hme yu need t have a gd mindset.__5__Taking ff t many hurs each week will damage yur financial stability and lng－term success.Set gals and limits n yur time.Build yur business first，befre taking advantage f what wrking frm hme ffers.
A．But it can als becme yur dwnfall withut care.
B．Flexible hurs are anther huge plus f wrking frm hme.
C．Once it’s achieved，yu’ll have mre pprtunities t develp business cntacts.
D．Yu may find it mre efficient t get up，exercise，then shwer and dress fr wrk.
E．This includes realizing that nly yu are respnsible fr yur wn incme.
F．One f the biggest drawbacks is that it is s easy t allw yurself t have excuses.
G．While these benefits sund great，the reality f wrking frm hme can be a little different.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主要告诉我们在家开展自己的事业的好处和需要注意的事项。
1．G [考查上下文衔接。空前一句提到在家开展自己的事业的三个好处，而下文一一分析了这三方面需要注意的事项，故G项承上启下，符合语境。]
2．A [考查上下文衔接。该空前一句表述做自己的老板肯定是一大好处。下文说你必须有规律地投入工作否则会没有收入，表述做自己的老板的坏处。前后是转折关系。而A选项中的But表转折，代入A项，符合语境。]
3．B [考查理解文章结构的能力。根据该段中的“yur schedule”“arrange yur appintments”“in ne day”可知，该段主要讲时间安排的问题，再根据文章结构可知，第二段、第四段的内容分别对应第一段第二句中的“being yur wn bss”和“wrking in yur pajamas(睡衣)，”故此处应对应第二个好处(having flexible hurs)。故B项“弹性时间是在家工作的另一大优势”符合语境。]
4．D [考查上下文衔接。空处前面说穿睡衣工作可能一开始看起来有吸引力，却让你无法把工作做完。而空处后面说在那之后，直接走进工作室开始工作，该段最后一句总结说太过随意意味着工作效率低下。故D项“你可能会发现起床、锻炼、洗澡和穿衣服上班更有效率”符合语境。]
5．E [考查上下文衔接。空前一句说为了在家开展成功的事业，你需要有好的思维模式，空处应说明好的思维模式的具体内容，故选项E“这包括意识到只有你对你自己的收入负责”符合语境。]
说明文专练二
A
(2021·贵阳四校高三联考二)
The Value f Hnesty
Accrding t a cmmn saying，“Hnesty is the best plicy.”__1__ Lying ften seems like a gd way t impress peple r avid blame fr mistakes.Sme peple lie ut f habit，withut even realizing they’re ding it.But despite all these，hnesty really is wrth the effrt.
__2__ There’s always a chance that the persn yu lied t will find ut the truth.Is the gain frm lying really wrth the risk？Lies are als difficult t hide because they are harder t remember than the truth.If yu make up a stry，yu have t remember all the details.__3__ But if yu cmmit t telling the truth，yu will never have truble remembering.This saves yu effrt and makes cnversatins less stressful fr yu.
Anther bvius reasn t avid lying is that lying can harm thers.__4__ And a lie abut smene else culd destry that persn’s reputatin.On a persnal level，if yur friends find ut yu lied t them，their feelings will be hurt.
On the ther hand，if yu always tell the truth，yu will develp a reputatin fr hnesty.__5__ Business deals，friendships and family relatinships all depend n trust.
Hnesty，hwever，desn’t mean that yu have t say everything yu think.Smetimes it’s best t remain silent if yur wrds might hurt smene else.Hnesty means that when yu speak，yu tell the truth withut hlding any infrmatin back.When yu d that，yu will feel mre relaxed and enjy strnger relatinships.
A．Be hnest because yu lve yurself.
B．But in daily life，hnesty can be difficult.
C．This will help yu in every area f yur life.
D．When yu’re hnest，yu dn’t feel s lst all the time.
E．One bvius reasn fr hnesty is that it is difficult t keep lying.
F．And the mre lies yu tell，the mre stries yu have t remember.
G．Peple wh believe yur lies might make bad decisins because f them.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文，主要分析了诚实的价值。
1．B [考查上下文衔接。空前一句提到诚实的好处，空后列举了人们说谎的原因，由此可推知空处前后为转折关系，故B项承上启下，符合语境。]
2．E [考查上下文衔接。本空是段首句，与下段首句中的“Anther bvius reasn”呼应可推知，此处应陈述要诚实的原因之一，所以选E项。]
3．F [考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句(如果你编造一个故事，你必须记住所有的细节)可知，F项(你说的谎越多，你要记住的故事就越多)承接上文，所以选F项。]
4．G [考查上下文衔接。空前一句提到说谎会伤害别人，空后讲到关于别人的谎言会毁了那个人的声誉，且根据空后一句中的“And”可知，空处讲的也应是谎言是如何对别人不利的，所以G项符合语境。]
5．C [考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句(商业交易，友谊和家庭关系都依赖于信任)可推知，空处表示诚实对生活大有禆益，所以选C项。]
B
(2021·唐山市二模)
Have yu ever been labeled a “perfectinist”？Or d yu cnsider yurself t be ne？It’s inviting t see perfectinism as a desirable r psitive quality.__1__
Healthy perfectinists want t develp their skills cntinually.Their standards are always rising，and they apprach their wrk with ptimism，pleasure and a desire t imprve.Unhealthy perfectinists，hwever，are never satisfied with what they achieve.__2__ They may experience fear f failure，anxiety and ther painful emtins.
__3__ Accrding t the 2011 research，perfectinism is linked t health issues such as eating disrders and depressin.Perfectinism can als seriusly impact yur creativity.This is because perfectinism can prevent yu frm leaving yur cmfrt zne and taking risks.__4__ Yu may avid starting a new prject until yu’ve fund the best way t apprach it.Yu might als get caught up in minr details r repeat tasks that have already been cmpleted.As a result，this wastes time that culd have been spent n mre imprtant tasks.
If yu think that yu have a prblem with perfectinism，start by setting realistic gals.Think abut yur mst imprtant life and career gals.__5__ Nt nly will this make it easier t reach yur bjectives，but yu’ll als experience the thrill f achieving these smaller gals.
Perhaps Thedre Rsevelt said it best—“D what yu can，with what yu have，where yu are.”Accept that this is the best yu can d and dn’t try and make up sme perfect wrld.
A．If smething isn’t perfect，they refuse it.
B．Perfectinism can lead t self－criticism，t.
C．Perfectinism can damage yur prductivity，t.
D．Then，break them dwn int mnthly r yearly steps.
E．In fact，severe perfectinism can d mre harm than gd.
F．They shw that yu’re nt afraid t push yurself and try new things.
G．When perfectinism gets ut f cntrl，it can harm yu in many aspects.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了健康和不健康完美主义的不同、影响以及如何避免成为不健康的完美主义者。
1．E [考查上下文衔接。根据下文论述的健康和不健康的完美主义对人的情绪、健康等影响可知，空处应是一个转折句，引入本文的话题，承上启下，故E项“事实上，严重的完美主义弊大于利”符合语境。]
2．A [考查上下文衔接。根据空处前的“Unhealthy perfectinists，hwever，are never satisfied with what they achieve.”可知，不健康的完美主义者从不满足于他们的成就。故A项“如果什么东西是不完美的，他们会拒绝”符合语境。]
3．G [考查段落主旨句。根据文章结构和段落大意可知，该段主要讲述了完美主义带来的诸如饮食紊乱、精神抑郁、创造力受限、重复劳动而浪费时间等问题。故G项适合作本段的主旨句。]
4．C [考查上下文衔接。根据空后的“Yu may tasks that have already been cmpleted.”可知，不健康的完美主义者可能会避免开始一个新项目，直到找到了最好的方法。也可能会陷入一些小细节或重复已经完成的任务。故C项“完美主义也会损害你的生产效率”符合语境。]
5．D [考查上下文衔接。根据空后的“Nt these smaller gals.”可知，这不仅会让你更容易达成目标，而且你也会体验到实现这些小目标时的兴奋。故D项“然后将它们分解成月度或年度的步骤”承上启下，符合语境。]
C
(2021·东北三校二模)
Let’s fcus n what t d when yu’re abut t tear up yur hmewrk，feed it t yur dg，r pretend it never exists.What yu chse t d is very imprtant because it can affect hw yu feel abut yurself and hw yu handle frustrating (令人沮丧的) situatins in the future.__1__ Practicing them will make it easier t keep trying and，ver time，help yu get less frustrated during yur learning jurney.
Step 1：Recgnize
Recgnize yur frustratin.__2__ Allwing yurself t be frustrated and saying t yurself that it is kay are an imprtant first step and are surprisingly relieving.
Step 2：Remind
__3__ It means yu’re challenging yurself t learn.Remind yurself that difficulty and struggles are a natural part f pushing yurself t grw as a learner.
Just as yu can push yurself t run faster by pushing yur muscles t their limit，yu can push yur brain t wrk extra hard.The mre yu push，the mre yur muscles will be sre (酸痛的) and tired in the mment.__4__ Frustratin can be a sign that yur brain is getting sre and tired.
Step 3：Reset
Try taking a shrt break.A few minutes away might be what yur brain needs.Then，cme back t yur wrk.__5__ This step is very imprtant！If all yu can fcus n is hw frustrated yu are，it may be hard fr yur brain t be ready t learn.On the ther hand，be careful nt t use this step t run away frm the thing that is making yu frustrated.
The gd news is that the mre times yu g thrugh these steps，the strnger yur gd habits will becme.
A．Dn’t ignre it.
B．Yu can’t figure it ut.
C．Often，yu will see the prblem with fresh eyes.
D．Smetimes struggles and a little frustratin are a gd thing.
E．But when that sreness ges away，yur muscles are strnger.
F．Create a plan fr what yu will d next time t vercme the frustratin.
G．Here are a few steps t help yu becme better at dealing with frustratin.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了帮助我们更好处理沮丧的几个步骤。练习这几个步骤会让我们更容易坚持尝试，在学习的过程中更少地产生沮丧。
1．G [考查上下文衔接。浏览全文可知，本文介绍了处理沮丧的几个步骤。空后一句表述练习它们的好处，由此可推断，G项“这里有帮助你更好地处理沮丧的几个步骤”符合语境。]
2．A [考查上下文衔接。空前的“Recgnize yur frustratin.”和空后的“Allwing yurself t be frustrated”都在强调要接纳自己的沮丧，即承认你的沮丧，允许自己感到沮丧。A项“不要忽视它”承接上下文，其中的it指代“frustratin”。]
3．D [考查主旨句。空处为段首句，根据文章结构可知，空处为该部分的主旨句。根据空处后面的内容可以看出该部分意在表明困难和挣扎对于自我学习和成长的促进作用。由此可知，D项“有时挣扎和一点儿沮丧是一件好事”能总结该部分的内容。]
4．E [考查上下文衔接。空前一句表述你越推动你的肌肉，你的肌肉在那一刻就越会感到酸痛和疲劳。结合语境可知，此处应表述这样做的好处，故E项“但是当那种酸痛消失后，你的肌肉就会更强壮”与此处匹配。]
5．C [考查上下文衔接。空前提到短暂的休息之后再回到工作中，而空后提到如果你只能专注于你有多沮丧，你的大脑可能很难做好学习的准备。由此可推知空处说明了休息的好处；C项“通常你会用新的视角看待问题”衔接上下文。]
D
(2021·福建省高三诊断性练习)
Peple ften want t simplify their lives.It has a lt f stress t have a cmplicated life，full f schedules，meetings，pssessins，and s frth.Usually，a simpler life translates as less anxiety，stress and wrry.__1__ Fllw the step－by－step prcess belw t simplify yur life.
First，get rid f all the pssessins yu haven’t used in the last year.If yu haven’t put a thing t use in ne year，it is prbably nt wrth keeping：__2__ Put anything yu haven’t used in ne year in that bag.
Next，manage yur scial media and electrnic devices.We usually spend mre time n ur devices than we imagine.These days，peple can spend the majrity f their days n scial media and electrnic devices.These all－in－ne devices are great tls.__3__
On a deeper level，we can simplify ur thinking.Mst f ur thinking is nt necessary.__4__ If yu d nt want t g that far，try t ignre the thughts that are nt related t the present.A cntinuus stream f thughts is nt necessary.Sure，sme planning shuld be dne fr the future，but there is n need t verthink.
__5__ We can get rid f pssessins that are nn－essential，manage ur scial media and electrnic devices，and als clean up ur thinking s that we are mre in the present and d nt engage in unnecessary wrry，r anxiety.All these things take energy and time，f which we nly have a limited amunt.
A．N thught is imprtant.
B．Get rid f electrnic devices.
C．S，hw d we simplify ur lives?
D．Is planning ur thughts effrt－making?
E．Simplifying ur lives is a cmplex task.
F．But they shuld nt becme the main fcus f ur life.
G．Get a big garbage bag and walk arund yur living space.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。人们都想要简化生活，以减少焦虑、压力与忧虑。文章从三个方面就此提出了建议。
1．C [考查上下文衔接。空后讲到按照下面的步骤一步一步地简化生活，因此空处应是对此句的设问，故C项“那么怎样简化我们的生活呢？”符合语境。]
2．G [考查上下文衔接。根据空后句中的“in that bag”可知，空处应提到“bag”，故G项与空后句“把一年内不用的东西放到那个袋里”语意连贯，符合逻辑。]
3．F [考查上下文衔接。根据本段主旨句可知，要管理电子设备的使用，结合空前一句可知，虽然这些多功能电子设备是很好的工具，但是它们不应成为我们生活中的重心，故F项符合语境。]
4．A [考查上下文衔接。根据本段首句可知，本段主要讲我们可以简化思考。空前讲我们大部分的思考是不必要的，A项(没有思考很重要)是对上句的递进性阐述，符合语境。]
5．E [考查段落主旨句。根据本段尾句可知，上述的三条建议都要花费精力与时间，而我们的精力与时间是有限的。故E项(简化我们的生活是一项复杂的工作)可作本段主旨句。]
E
(2021·石家庄市质量检测一)
Have yu ever wndered why yu’re nt as happy as yu’d like t be？Based n my wn persnal experience and the happiness facts published by Harvard University，I’ve summarized the fllwing habits that will make yu happy!
Laugh ften.Laughter is the mst pwerful medicine fr anger r depressin.Research has shwn that the simple act f smiling can increase yur feeling f happiness.__1__ Try t find humr and laughter in life’s everyday struggles.
Keep yur agreements.Our self－respect is built n the agreements we’ve made with urselves and with thers.And high self－respect has a direct relatinship with happiness.__2__
D yur best and then let g.Everyne has limitatins，and things dn’t always turn ut t be what we’d like them t be—despite ur effrts.S always give yur best，and then let g.__3__ When yu’ve dne yur best，yu’ll have n regrets.
Give back.__4__ Accrding t Harvard，when peple d gd，their brains becme active in the very same reward center that is stimulated when they experience ther rewards.S it’s nt a surprise that peple wh care mre abut thers are happier than thse wh care less abut thers.
These happiness habits have prven t be true in my wn life.During thse perids when I fcus n develping the habits listed abve，I d feel happier and mre fulfilled—like nw.Happiness is nt an accident.__5__
A．Let events run their curse.
B．S dn’t take life t seriusly.
C．S d what yu say yu’re ging t d.
D．When we succeed，we’re mre likely t be happy.
E．This is the best way t vercme yur limitatins.
F．It’s a cnscius decisin that takes a cnscius effrt.
G．Helping thers is ne f the surest ways t feel gd.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了几个让人幸福的习惯，包括常笑和帮助他人。
1．B [考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句表述的“研究表明，一个简单的微笑行为可以增加你的幸福感”和空后一句表述的“在每日的奋斗中努力找到幽默和笑声”可知，B项“所以不要跟生活太较真”符合语境。]
2．C [考查总结句。结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲自尊、言行一致和幸福三者之间的关系。言行一致是自尊的基础，而高度的自尊又与幸福有直接关系，所以C项“因此你要言出必行”符合语境。]
3．A [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲的是“所以永远尽自己最大的努力，然后放手”，而空后一句讲的是“当你已尽了自己最大努力，你就没有遗憾了”，因此A项“让事情顺其自然”符合语境。]
4．G [考查上下文衔接。本段总结句讲的是关心他人更多的人比关心他人更少的人更幸福，这并不是一个令人惊讶的事，故G项“帮助别人是能感到快乐的最可靠的方法之一”符合语境。]
5．F [考查上下文衔接。根据空前一句表述的“幸福不是一件偶然的事”可知，F项“这是一个需要有意识的努力来作出的有意识的决定”符合语境。]
说明文专练三
A
(2021·贵州省适应性测试)
Are yu afraid f expressing ideas r making negative cmments？D yu always say yes t seek shelter r want apprval frm thers？__1__ Yu prbably tend t satisfy ther peple’s needs ahead f yur wn.In the lng run，it will have a side effect n yur life.It’ll take sme time fr yu t adjust，and it’s time t knw hw.
·Say “n” effectively.
It might take sme practice，but let peple knw when yu can’t d what they want.If a flat “n” seems difficult t yu，shw yur understanding fr the persn and his r her needs.__2__
·Set yur pririties.
__3__ It helps yu chse what t say yes t and what t decline.If yu feel trapped in a decisin，write a list f yur demands (r ptins) and place them in rder f what’s mst imprtant t yu.
·__4__
There’s nthing wrng with vicing yur pinins.Simply reminding peple that yu’re an individual with yur wn preference is a big step frward.If yu tend t please peple by ging alng with ther peple instead f vicing yur likes r dislikes，speak ut.
·Take care f yurself.
Ignring yur needs can be a sign f a lack f self－lve.Lking after yurself and taking care f yur bdy isn’t selfish.__5__ Eat healthy meals，exercise regularly，and d things that make yur bdy feel gd.
A．Develp yur preference.
B．Speak up fr what yu want.
C．Spare sme time each day fr yur health.
D．If yu agree t help smene，set a time limit.
E．If yes，yu may be classified as a peple pleaser.
F．Place the mst imprtant at the tp f the schedule.
G．Still，yu need t be firm in saying that yu cannt help them.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何做到不讨好他人，比如有效地说“不”，照顾好自己等。
1．E [考查上下文衔接。根据上文中的一般疑问句可知，空处应该是对这些问题的回答或归纳，选项中只有E项符合这一要求。]
2．G [考查总结句。本段的标题讲“有效地说‘不’”，再根据空前一句表述的“如果断然拒绝对你来说是困难的，那就展示你对别人及其需要的理解”可知，空处应该会与空前一句形成转折，呼应标题，因此G项符合语境。]
3．F [考查上下文衔接。本段的标题表述了“设置你的优先事项”，再根据空后一句表述的“它帮助你选择什么能说‘好’，什么需要拒绝”可知，空处讲的应与“为自己设置一个有优先级的事件表”有关的内容，所以F项符合语境。]
4．B [考查段落小标题。通读本段可知，本段主要讲“要说出自己的喜好”，故B项适合作本段的小标题。]
5．C [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲“照顾自己和自己的身体并不是自私”，而空后一句表述了“要拥有健康饮食，有规律地锻炼，并做一些让自己的身体感觉良好的事情”，所以C项“每天为自己的健康抽出一些时间”符合语境。]
B
(2021·甘肃省第二次高考诊断)
Tips n Enhancing Yur Memry
One f the mst cmmn prblems tday is frgetfulness.Many peple are searching fr the key t a better memry.__1__
Enhance yur memry by using assciatins.
The first technique t remember things is the assciatin technique.This includes the use f mnemnics (助记符号) r things similar t a particular wrd in rder t remember what shuld be memrized.__2__ Hwever，the assciatins that a persn creates himself will help t remember things mre easily and mre quickly.
Enhance yur memry by repetitin.
__3__ Stimuli (刺激物) are things that stimulate a persn t make his brain wrk.As a persn repeatedly acquires stimuli t make his brain wrk，these stimuli are remembered by the brain.It is like learning wrds as a child.He applies all the repeated wrds he has heard during his life.
__4__
The third technique is abut the applicatin f bdy mvements.By using simple gestures while saying a wrd，a persn can remember things that he has frgtten.
There are lts f ther ways t enhance memry.Hwever，ne must als be aware f the things t be avided.The first thing that a persn must d is t prevent stress.__5__ If yu fllw these techniques n hw t increase yur memry，life will be easier fr yu.
A．The secnd technique is repetitin.
B．In ther wrds，stress must be managed.
C．Enhance yur memry by using bdy mvements.
D．Here are several techniques t increase a persn’s memry.
E．A lt f students use these techniques，especially during majr exams.
F．There are several mnemnics available t help a persn remember things.
G．A persn might wnder why he culdn’t remember the details the day befre the exam.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。现在最常见的问题之一就是健忘。很多人都在寻找提高记忆力的方法。文章就此问题给我们提了几个建议。
1．D [考查上下文衔接。上文提到许多人都在寻找提升记忆力的方法，而下文给出了提高记忆力的几个技巧。故D项“这里有几个技巧可以提高一个人的记忆力”符合语境。]
2．F [考查上下文衔接。空前提到使用助记符号或者与某个特定的词相似的东西进行记忆，空后又提到一个人自己建立的联想会帮助他更容易更快地记住事情，与空前形成转折关系，可知空处内容应与空前一句相关。故F项符合语境。]
3．A [考查上下文衔接。根据此段上方的标题可知，A项“第二种技巧是重复”符合语境。]
4．C [考查段落主旨句。空处下一段讲了第三种帮助记忆的技巧，即使用身体动作(bdy mvements)。故C项可作本段主旨句。]
5．B [考查上下文衔接。上文提到我们要“prevent stress”，换句话说就是我们要管理好压力。故选B项。]
C
(2021·襄樊模拟)
Have yu ever fund that yu were able t sleep better with an air cnditiner r fan running r perhaps with the sund f rain falling utside? __1__ It acts as a way t mask distracting sunds.White nise is used as backgrund nise that is created t drwn ut annying nises.
One f the things that makes nise annying is that the mind ntices changes in the sunds f the envirnment.N dubt this ability helped keep ur ancestrs alive, by warning them f the faint sund made by a fierce animal.__2__ It keeps us awake r keeps us frm being able t cncentrate.
White nise changes the backgrund sund.The verall level f sund in the envirnment is higher, which raises the vlume bundary ver which nises must pass in rder t be nticed.__3__ S there are n details fr the mind t ntice.That is why it has a cmfrting quality—it allws the mind t relax.
__4__ It is ppular fr helping peple sleep, and it’s als useful fr helping students study, r fr anyne wh needs t cncentrate.It calms and cmfrts babies, and is useful fr travelers wh find it hard t get t sleep in different envirnments with their unfamiliar nises.If traffic sunds, ticking clcks, and ther peple’s cnversatins are bthering yu, white nise can be a gd slutin.
Many ffice envirnments install white nise systems t help minimize distractins fr ffice wrkers, and als t maintain speech privacy.A specialized use fr white nise is in treating tinnitus (耳鸣)．__5__ When used as part f a well－designed treatment prgram, it can help in training the brain’ s neurns (神经元) t ignre the sunds.
A．White nise has many benefits.
B．Besides, the sund quality has n special characteristics.
C．What types f sunds are exactly included in white nises?
D．If s, then yu’re already familiar with the cncept f white nise.
E．T us, hwever, becming sensitive t every tiny nise can be a prblem.
F．White nise can ften bring immediate relief frm the annying sunds f tinnitus.
G．Studies suggest that using sund masking in the wrkplace leads t higher prductivity.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章对白色噪音的定义、作用和好处进行了介绍。
1．D [考查上下文衔接。根据上下文可知，开着空调或电扇的声音和在外面淅淅沥沥下雨的声音就是白色噪音，前文是在用熟悉的例子对白色噪音作说明，所以选项D切合文意。]
2．E [考查上下文衔接。根据前文可知，此处提到了微弱的声音，根据后文可知，此处是指对微弱的声音敏感对我们是一个问题，前后构成转折关系，对应选项E中的转折词hwever，所以选项E切合文意。]
3．B [考查上下文衔接。根据后文可知，空格处讲的是白色噪音没有细节特征可以让大脑注意到，所以选项B切合文意。]
4．A [考查段落主旨句。根据后文可知，此处是讲白色噪音有很多好处。所以选项A切合文意。]
5．F [考查上下文衔接。根据前文可知，此处是讲白色噪音可以治疗耳鸣，所以选项F切合文意。]
D
(2021·济南市高三模拟)
The dictinary defines “hbby” as an activity dne regularly in ne’s leisure time fr pleasure.Hbbies are a great way t frget abut yur wrries.__1__ S the stuff yu d utside yur mney－making business is imprtant.
Bird watching culd be a great hbby fr yu.__2__ They can include listening fr bird calls，finding and identifying birds by sight.There are bird－watching clubs if yu want t make it a scial activity.If yu have kids，it’s an ideal hbby t share with them.Children enjy being able t spt birds and can learn identificatins quickly.
__3__ Wrking in the garden can be a particularly rewarding hbby.Yu’ll get sme great side benefits frm it，like imprving the value f yur hme，making yur living envirnment mre pleasant and attractive，and grwing fd yu can eat.
Making beer is cmplex and variable enugh t be interesting.The basic reward f a gd bttle f beer is easy t enjy and frm there yu can create yur wn persnal variety.If yu’re smene wh likes t experiment，this culd be a fun hbby fr yu.__4__
Taking phts is an easier hbby t get int than befre.__5__ Nw a gd digital camera means yu can get int phtgraphy with lw cst and lw risk.Starting with the camera n yur phne will get yu knwledgeable abut the basics f hw light wrks.Yu can als learn abut mre cmplex camera features frm hw－t vides.
A．The activity cmbines several senses.
B．This hbby has grwn in ppularity in recent years.
C．Gardening invlves creativity and time utside in nature.
D．Develping the film used t be time－cnsuming and expensive.
E．Studies have lked at hw hbbies make yu better at yur jb.
F．Plus，yu’ll always have a great hmemade gift t give friends and family.
G．In fact，a lt f research has lked at the stress－reducing prperties f hbbies.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。业余爱好是忘记烦恼的好方法。文章介绍了几个业余爱好，包括观鸟、园艺、酿啤酒和摄影。
1．G [考查上下文衔接。根据空处上句“Hbbies are a great way t frget abut yur wrries.”可知，业余爱好是忘记烦恼的好方法；结合下文可以判断，空处承接上句，说明业余爱好能让人忘记烦恼的原因：可以减轻压力，故选G项。]
2．A [考查上下文衔接。根据空后一句“They can include listening fr bird calls，finding and identifying birds by sight.”可知，观鸟包括留心听鸟鸣，用眼睛寻找鸟并识别鸟。所以空处应说明观鸟活动综合了几种感觉，即视觉、听觉等，故选A项。]
3．C [考查段落主旨句。根据空处所在的位置并结合文章结构可知，空处为该段的主旨句；再结合本段内容尤其是空处下句“Wrking in the garden can be a particularly rewarding hbby.”可知，该段主要介绍园艺这一业余爱好，故选C项。]
4．F [考查上下文衔接。根据该段首句可知，该段主要介绍酿造啤酒这一业余爱好；结合常识可以判断，自制的啤酒可以当作礼物送给朋友和家人，故选F项。]
5．D [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲摄影是一个比以前更容易开始的业余爱好，结合空后一句中的“Nw”可知，空处与此对应，说明过去冲洗胶卷费时又费钱。故选D项。]
E
(2021·广东六校联盟高三第二次联考)
D yu knw hw t live a happy life？The fllwing suggestins may be f great help t yu.
Keep psitive.__1__ Optimists have a 35% less chance f having a heart attack r strke，are mre likely t eat a healthy diet and exercise regularly，have strnger immune systems and even live lnger.If yu face a challenge r bstacle，yu’re mre likely t see it as a temprary r even an ptimistic thing，allwing yu t learn and grw.
Start vlunteering.__2__ It can reduce the risk f cgnitive (认知的) disrder.It can even help us live lnger.Even if yu have a little time t ffer，just the act f giving has been shwn t imprve yur health，pssibly by temprarily reducing yur sense f pain.
Be grateful.Cunting ur blessings prtects us against anxiety and depressin and bsts ptimism.One f the best ways t make thankfulness a part f yur life is t keep a jurnal.__3__ Keeping grateful and recrding yur gd deeds may help yu live happily.
__4__ Peple wh are mre scially cnnected t family，friends and the cmmunity are happier.They’re physically healthier，and they live lnger than peple wh are less cnnected.High－cnflict marriages，withut much affectin，turn ut t be very bad fr health，perhaps wrse than getting divrced.__5__
A．Eat healthily and happily.
B．Strengthen scial cnnectins.
C．Lking n the bright side is really gd fr yu.
D．Instead，living in gd relatinships is beneficial t health.
E．Yu can set dwn sme psitive experiences in yur diary.
F．Yu’ll have n time t vlunteer and give thanks in yur life.
G．Studies shw vlunteering can reduce stress and depressin.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了如何过上幸福的生活，包括保持积极乐观、做志愿服务等。
1．C [考查上下文衔接。本段的中心句讲的是“保持积极乐观”，空后一句讲的则是保持乐观给人带来的具体好处，故C项“持乐观态度真的对你有益”符合语境。]
2．G [考查上下文衔接。本段的中心句讲的是“开始做志愿服务”，空后两句提到它可以减少患认知障碍的风险，有助于我们长寿，所以可知此处也应表示做志愿服务的好处，故G项符合语境。]
3．E [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲的是“让感谢成为你生活的一部分的最好方式之一是记日记”，空后一句讲的则是“保持感激、记录你的善行可以帮助你快乐地生活”，据此可知，空处讲的应该是与记日记相关的内容，所以E项符合语境。]
4．B [考查段落主旨句。本段主要讲的是与家人、朋友和社区保持更紧密关系的好处，因此B项适合作本段的主旨句。]
5．D [考查上下文衔接。空前一句讲的是没有多少爱、满是矛盾的婚姻对健康非常有害，可能比离婚还糟糕，因此D项“相反，生活在良好的人际关系中对健康有益”与前一句形成转折，符合语境。]