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2022-2023学年河南省南阳市六校高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析）
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这是一份2022-2023学年河南省南阳市六校高二（上）期中英语试卷（含答案解析），共18页。试卷主要包含了【答案】B、D、C，【答案】A、B、B、B，【答案】D、B、D、C，瞻前顾后，避难就易等内容，欢迎下载使用。
2022-2023学年河南省南阳市六校高二（上）期中英语试卷
A
Science of the Incas：Peru
September 2023，4 days
Register now at tours@new scientist.com and we will contact you soon with full tour details .
Day 1：Arrive into Cusco
You will be met at the airport by your tour leader and sent to the Sonesta Cusco Hotel.This will be your base for the next four nights.
Cusco is the historic heartland and former capital of the Inca Empire.The city was the home of the Inca Empire for two centuries before the Spanish built their first capital here.Today，Cusco is an attractive combination of both cultures.
In the evening，you will meet your fellow guests for a welcome meal.
Day 2：Explore Cusco and Qoricancha Temple
In the morning，Peter，a historian，will give his welcome address.Throughout the tour，Peter will be giving talks on the many excellent sites that the tour is visiting.
Later on，you will take a walk to explore the key sites of Cusco.You will then visit Qoricancha，the Sun Temple.Afterwards，you will head to the heart of the city，the Plaza de Armas，surrounded by churches and buildings from the early Spanish occupation.
Day 3：Sacsayhuaman，Tambomachay and the Planetarium of Cusco
This morning，you will visit the huge Inea ceremonial structure Sacsayhuaman.Its construction is complex and exact with huge rocks perfectly fitted together without the aid of mortar（灰浆）.
Afterwards，you will travel the short distance to Tambomachay，a beautiful archaeological site，consisting of aqueducts，canals and waterfalls.
In the evening，you will head to the Planetarium of Cusco.Here you will explore Quechus and Inca astronomy（天文学） as well as the relationship between Andean people and the universe.
Day 4：Farewell to Cusco
Your tour comes to an end today and there are no activities planned.At the proper time，you'll be transported to the airport to take the flight back to Lima，followed by the international flight home.
1. What will visitors do on the evening of the first day？ ______
A. Learn a little Spanish. B. Enjoy a welcome dinner.
C. Listen to a talk by an expert. D. Tour ancient buildings in Cusco.
2. How will visitors tour the key sites of Cusco on the second day？ ______
A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.
3. On which day will visitors see some waterfalls？ ______
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
B
Four years ago，a group of 12 boys and their soccer coach were rescued from a cave in Thailand.Now，their story has been told by award-winning American filmmaker Ron Howard in his new film Thirteen Lives.
The children and their coach were exploring the Tham Luang cave in northern Thailand's Chiang Rai in June 2018.Heavy rains flooded the cave and trapped them underground.They struggled for nine days in a party flooded area of the cave before being discovered by two British divers.But it took members of Thailand's navy and international volunteers another eight days to bring them to safety.
Thirteen Lives recreates what happened inside the cave and above it on the ground during those 17 days.Volunteers，engineers and soldiers pumped（用泵输送） millions of liters of water out of the cave.They also dug holes through rocks looking for openings to reach the boys.
Howard spoke at the film's first showing in London earlier this week.He said，"It's not just about the heroic divers…it really is an entire community and a country and a lot of countries eventually participating and making something amazing come true."
The film stars American Viggo Mortensen and Ireland's Colin Farrell as British divers Rick Stanton and John Volanthen.Australian actor Joel Edgerton plays the part of Harry Harris，Harris，Harris was brought on to help when possible ways to save the boys were running out.The Thai performers in the movie included professional and nonprofessional actors.Many of the young boys playing the members of the soccer team had no acting experience.
Stanton，Volanthen and members of the international rescue dive team attended the London showing.They Howard's effort to put the events on the screen."I think it's good for people to know what happened.It's not a documentary，but it's pretty much true to life."Stanton said.
Thirteen Lires will be put on in a small number of U.S.and British theaters on July 29.It will be shown worldwide on the Amazon Prime Video service on August 5.
4. What got the boys into trouble？ ______
A. A natural disaster.
B. A mistake made by the coach.
C. The dangerous underground hole.
D. Lack of preparation for exploration.
5. Why did the rescue workers dig holes through rocks？ ______
A. To remove water inside.
B. To communicate with the survivors.
C. To bring the survivors out.
D. To blow air into the underground hole.
6. Who is Harry Harris mentioned in paragraph 5 probably？ ______
A. A British diver. B. An expert in the movie.
C. An Australian actor. D. A professional Thai actor.
7. What does the underlined phrase"preached up"in paragraph 6 mean？ ______
A. Focused on. B. Spoke highly of.
C. Depended on. D. Kept track of.
C
This passage is to talk about expressions related to keeping on time.To help us plan our time，we use tools-namely clocks and watches.
When an event is very regular，we can say we could"set our watch by it".And that is our first expression—to set your watch by something.You might hear someone using it like this：
Regina leaves her house to go to work every weekday at exactly 7 a.m.-never a minute earlier or later.You can set your watch by it.This means she sticks to her plan no matter what happens，
This expression can also describe someone who is always on time.They are reliable and punctual（准时的）—like in this example：
Mary：John said he'd be here at 3 p.m.and it's2：45 p.m.If he's late，we'll miss our train!
Jack：Don't worry.If John said he will be here，then he will be here.He's always right on time.You could set your watch by him.
Now，let's talk about clocks；devices that tell time.Some events or activities happen easily and on time.And some systems operate without a problem.If everything is going as planned，we can say it is"running like clockwork".
Clockwork is a system of wheels and springs inside mechanical clocks.The term means something that is carefully made and runs smoothly（顺利地） and on time.
For example，once，I ran a two-week teacher training class.It took a lot of work to organize and had things that needed to be done.But I'm happy to say that the training ran like clockwork!
The expression"run like clockwork"can also mean to operate，manage，control，of direct something in a very smooth，efficient（高效的），trustworthy manner，Used this way，a noon or pronoun is used between"run"and"like clockwork".Here is an example：
When the new manager took over，he wanted to run the office like clockwork.So，he made the workers have lunch at a set time every day.
8. What is a man like if we can set our watch by him？ ______
A. He treats others nicely. B. He behaves honestly.
C. He takes everything seriously. D. He does things exactly on time.
9. What does Jack think of John in the example？ ______
A. He will certainly keep his word.
B. He always plans things carefully.
C. He shouldn't have made such a promise.
D. He sometimes fails to do things on time.
10. Which statement matches the two-week teacher training class？ ______
A. It was not well organized actually.
B. It was completed as scheduled.
C. It ended much better than expected.
D. It brought the author great confidence.
11. Why did the new manager set lunchtime for his employees？ ______
A. To save enough time for work. B. To show his personal power.
C. To run the company smoothly. D. To make his workers eat well.
D
New research suggests that even a simple exercise program might help older people with light memory problems.
Doctors have long advised patients to do physical activity to help keep their brains healthy.But the U.S.government-supported research marks the longest study of whether exercise makes any difference once memory starts to decline（下降）.
Researchers found around 300 inactive older adults with memory changes called mild cognitive impaiment（MCl）（轻度认知功能障碍）.Half of the older adults did exercises，and the rest did stretching and balance movements that raised their heart rates a little.
After a year，testing of mental activity showed neither group had worsened.Brain scans（扫描） did not show the decline that often goes with worsening memory problems.By comparison，similar MCI patients in another long-term study of brain health—but without exercise—experienced cognitive，or mental，decline over a year.
The early findings are surprising.But the National Institute on Aging said that tracking non-exercisers in the same study would have offered better evidence.The results suggest this is double for everybody—not just seniors healthy enough to work up a hard sweat.
How much and what kind of exercise？In the study，seniors were supposed to get moving for 30 to 45 minutes four times a week.It did not matter whether it was exercise on the running machine or stretching exercises.
Experts believe the social connection with the trainers helped.Each participant completed over 100 hours of exercise."We wouldn't have done the exercise on our own."said Doug Maxwell of Verona，Wisconsin，who joined the study with his wife.The husband and wife，both 81，attended the stretching classes.They felt so good afterward that when the study ended，they bought electric bikes in the hope of even more activity.
12. Which of the following took part in the study according to paragraph 3？ ______
A. Old people in good health.
B. Old people doing no exercise.
C. Old people with serious illnesses.
D. Old people with light memory problems.
13. Which statement agrees with the findings of the study？ ______
A. Exercise is good for all seniors.
B. The elderly especially need exercise.
C. Seniors should exercise until they sweat.
D. Exercise can quickly improve memory.
14. What is Doug Maxwell's attitude toward the study？ ______
A. Uncaring. B. Unsupportive. C. Doubtful. D. Appreciative.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Exercise Is Better than Medicine
B. Proper Exercise Is a Must for the Elderly
C. Simple Exercise Can Slow Memory Loss
D. Memory Loss Is Becoming a Threat to Seniors
The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home.The trees are all full of light green(16) that are almost golden in the sunshine.It 's not too(17) yet.The air is cool and(18) .Mommy and Daddy birds are building nests（巢） and(19) babies.Butterflies，bees and even hummingbirds are(20) about from flower to flower.And the sweet sound of birdsong is(21) with the laughter of children playing outside.
There is one(22) part about it，however.There comes a time when I have to clean up my yard and(23) my buttercups（金凤花）.I always say(24) to them when I cut them down but I am encouraged in seeing that each spring there are even more of them.
It (25) with just a few buttercups in my yard here and there but now the front part of my yard is(26) filled with them.Each year their seeds（种子）(27) and they grow more and more，making the next spring more(28) than the last.It is not just in my yard.I see them in the grassland，the cow fields and along the sides of the roads.Each year I(29) this beautiful day，this beautiful world，and this beautiful life.
Our lives are a lot like these(30) as well.I often encourage people to freely add their love and joy to the world，but the(31)is that it isn't just addition.It is multiplication（乘法）.Each smile you share(32) the smiles of others.Each kind thing you do inspires(33) in others.Each loving choice you make helps others to choose(34) too.Our lives are like buttercups spreading seeds of love and beauty and(35) this world a better place.
16. A. fruits B. leaves C. branches D. birds
17. A. windy B. noisy C. hot D. pleasant
18. A. fresh B. thin C. terrible D. strange
19. A. carrying B. raising C. weighing D. rescuing
20. A. jumping B. rushing C. hurrying D. flying
21. A. filled B. concerned C. mixed D. compared
22. A. sad B. interesting C. important D. simple
23. A. develop B. water C. protect D. remove
24. A. sorry B. hello C. yes D. pardon
25. A. competed B. started C. remained D. dealt
26. A. typically B. necessarily C. entirely D. regularly
27. A. spread B. change C. hide D. improve
28. A. formal B. familiar C. normal D. attractive
29. A. imagine B. enjoy C. ignore D. choose
30. A. incidents B. memories C. flowers D. regrets
31. A. theory B. pity C. surprise D. truth
32. A. sweeps away B. brings out C. results from D. breaks down
33. A. confidence B. wisdom C. kindness D. honesty
34. A. impression B. pride C. humor D. love
35. A. sparing B. making C. paying D. returning
36. Chinese astronauts have entered a new laboratory that arrived at the (1) （ country） orbiting space station this week.The flight lasted 13 hours.The module（太空舱） is (2) second of three that will complete the Tiangong space station.
Chinese officials have said they expect the space station to come into use by the end of this year.There Chinese astronauts (3) began a six- month stay on the space station in June oversaw the Wentian lab's (4) （ arrive） and connection to the main module.The orbiting labs are designed (5) （ allow） astronauts to carry out scientific and biological experiments and test new technologies.
Hars after the module arrived，state broadcaster CCTV showed the video of the astronauts (6) （ float） inside the new lab.CCTV described the launch and linking operation as "a complete success'.China's state- run Global Times newspaper reported the 23- ton Wentian lab is (7) （ heavy） than any other single module spacecraft now in space.The module will act (8) the main early and exit point for future space vehicle activities.
About one year ago，China (9) （ successful） landed a spacecraft on Mars.The Tianwen-1 spacecraft (10) （ carry）a robotic explorer，called Zhurong.The explorer，or rover，is to measure atmospheric conditions and magnetic（磁性的） forces during its search for signs of ancient life on Mars.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The Internet has greatly changed our lives over the past few decades.While some of these changes were not good，but as a whole，the effect of this technology is helpful.
I personally believe that the Internet has many advantage.First of all，it is an obvious fact which the Internet has changed the way we communicate.These extremely usefully and powerful tools of communication helps us contact our loved ones in faraway places.Moreover，the Internet has placed the entire world or all of the information in it at our fingertips.
Now，I would like to stressing my point again.In word，the Internet has had a positive impact on modern life because of it impact on communication and the flow of information.
(1)
(2)
38. 假定你是李华，得知外教Sam对钓鱼感兴趣。你想邀请他一同观看即将举办的钓鱼比赛。请给他写一封信，内容包括：
（1）时间、地点：
（2）比赛内容。
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Day 1：Arrive into Cusco第三段部分In the evening，you will meet your fellow guests for a welcome meal.（晚上，你会和你的客人一起吃欢迎饭。）可知第一天晚上游客会享受欢迎晚宴。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Day 2：Explore Cusco and Qoricancha Temple部分第二段Later on，you will take a walk to explore the key sites of Cusco.（稍后，您将步行探索库斯科的主要景点。）可知第二天游客将步行游览库斯科的主要景点。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Day 3：Sacsayhuaman，Tambomachay and the Planetarium of Cusco部分Afterwards，you will travel the short distance to Tambomachay，a beautiful archaeological site，consisting of aqueducts，canals and waterfalls.（之后，您将短途前往坦波马凯，这是一个美丽的考古遗址，由渡槽、运河和瀑布组成。）可知第三天游客会看到一些瀑布。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了秘鲁四天的游览详情。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段The children and their coach were exploring the Tham Luang cave in northern Thailand's Chiang Rai in June 2018.Heavy rains flooded the cave and trapped them underground（2018年6月，孩子们和他们的教练正在泰国北部清莱探索Tham Luang洞穴。大雨淹没了洞穴，把他们困在地下）可知一场自然灾害使男孩们陷入困境。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段They also dug holes through rocks looking for openings to reach the boys.（他们还在岩石上挖洞，寻找接触男孩的开口。）可知救援人员在岩石上挖洞与幸存者交流。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第五段Harris was brought on to help when possible ways to save the boys were running out.（当救这些男孩的方法已经用尽时，哈里斯被请来帮忙。）可知Harris是电影中的一个专家。故选B。
（4）猜测词义题。根据文章倒数第二段"I think it's good for people to know what happened.It's not a documentary，but it's pretty much true to life."Stanton said.（"我认为让人们知道发生了什么是有好处的。这不是一部纪录片，但它非常真实地反映了生活。"斯坦顿说。）可知这是对这位导演的赞扬。A.Focused on.专注于；B.Spoke highly of.高度评价；C.Depended on.取决于；D.Kept track of.跟踪。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。美国电影制作人朗•霍华德在他的新片《十三条命》中讲述了四年前，一群12个男孩和他们的足球教练从泰国的一个洞穴中被救出的故事。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第三段You can set your watch by it.This means she sticks to her plan no matter what happens（你可以用它来对你的手表。这意味着无论发生什么她都会坚持自己的计划）可知如果我们能按他的时间对表，他做事会非常准时。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第六段Jack：Don't worry.If John said he will be here，then he will be here.He's always right on time.You could set your watch by him.（杰克：别担心。如果约翰说他会在这里，那么他就会在这里。他总是准时。你可以根据他来对表。）可知杰克认为约翰肯定会遵守诺言。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 The expression"run like clockwork"can also mean to operate，manage，control，of direct something in a very smooth，efficient（高效的），trustworthy manner（"像钟表一样运转"这个表达也可以指以一种非常平稳、有效、值得信赖的方式操作、管理、控制或指导某事）可知为期两周的教师培训班如期完成。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 The expression"run like clockwork"can also mean to operate，manage，control，of direct something in a very smooth，efficient（高效的），trustworthy manner（"像钟表一样运转"这个表达也可以指以一种非常平稳、有效、值得信赖的方式操作、管理、控制或指导某事）可知新经理为他的员工设定了午餐时间，以便顺利经营公司。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了与守时有关的表达。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段 Researchers found around 300 inactive older adults with memory changes called mild cognitive impaiment（MCl）（轻度认知功能障碍）.Half of the older adults did exercises，and the rest did stretching and balance movements that raised their heart rates a little.（研究人员找到大约300名出现了被称为轻度认知障碍（MCI）的记忆变化的且不太运动的老年人。其中一半的老年人做了运动，其余的人做了拉伸和平衡运动，这些运动会稍微提高他们的心率。）可知参与研究的是那些"有轻度记忆问题的老年人"，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段By comparison，similar MCI patients in another long-term study of brain health—but without exercise—experienced cognitive，or mental，decline over a year.（相比之下，在另一项关于大脑健康的长期研究中，没有运动的类似MCI患者在一年内经历了认知或精神方面的下降。）以及第五段The results suggest this is double for everybody—not just seniors healthy enough to work up a hard sweat.（结果表明，这对每个人来说都是双倍的，而不仅仅是健康到足以挥汗如雨的老年人。）可知B选项"老年人特别需要锻炼。"符合题意，故选B。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段The husband and wife，both 81，attended the stretching classes.They felt so good afterward that when the study ended，they bought electric bikes in the hope of even more activity.（81岁的丈夫和妻子都参加了拉伸课程。他们之后感觉非常好，以至于研究结束后，他们买了电动自行车，希望能有更多的活动。）可知Doug Maxwell的态度是"赞赏的"，A.Uncaring不在意的；B.Unsupportive不支持的；C.Doubtful怀疑的；D.Appreciative赞赏的。故选D。
（4）标题选择题。根据第一段New research suggests that even a simple exercise program might help older people with light memory problems.（新的研究表明，即使是一个简单的锻炼计划也可能帮助有轻度记忆问题的老年人。）可知C选项"简单的运动可以减缓记忆丧失"符合题意，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了简单的锻炼可能帮助有轻度记忆问题的老年人。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~35.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、C、A、D、A、B、C、A、D、B、C、D、B、C、D、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.fruits水果；B.leaves树叶；C.branches树枝；D.birds鸟。根据空前The trees are all full of light green可知这些树都长满了浅绿色的叶子，在阳光下几乎是金黄色的。故答案为B。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.windy有风的；B.noisy嘈杂的；C.hot热的；D.pleasant高兴的。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。因为是五月所以天还不是很热。故答案为C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.fresh新鲜的；B.thin瘦的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.strange奇怪的。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。说明空气应该是清新的。故答案为A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.carrying搬运；B.raising养育，提升；C.weighing重达；D.rescuing救。根据上句Mommy and Daddy birds are building nests可知鸟妈妈和鸟爸爸正在筑巢和养育宝宝。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.jumping跳；B.rushing跑；C.hurrying赶紧走；D.flying飞。根据空后about from flower to flower.可知蝴蝶、蜜蜂甚至蜂鸟在花间飞来飞去。故答案为D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.filled填充；B.concerned关心；C.mixed混合；D.compared比较。悦耳的鸟鸣声夹杂着孩子们在外面玩耍的笑声。mix sth with sth和……混合。故答案为C。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sad伤心的；B.interesting令人感兴趣的；C.important重要的；D.simple简单的。根据下句There comes a time when I have to clean up my yard and（8）my buttercups可知总有一天，我会清理我的院子，拔掉我的金凤花。说明这个时候是令人伤心的时候。故答案为A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.develop发展；B.water浇水；C.protect保护；D.remove去除。根据下句I cut them down可知拔掉我的金凤花。故答案为D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sorry抱歉的；B.hello你好；C.yes是的；D.pardon请原谅。根据空后when I cut them down可知当我砍倒他们时，我总是对他们说对不起。故答案为A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.competed比赛；B.started开始；C.remained仍然是；D.dealt处理。根据下句but now the front part of my yard is（11）filled with them可知开始时，我的院子里到处只有一些金凤花，但现在我的院子前面已经长满了金凤花。故答案为B。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.typically典型地；B.necessarily必须地；C.entirely整个地；D.regularly有规律地。根据前文 I am encouraged in seeing that each spring there are even more of them.可知看到每年春天都有更多的金凤花，我很受鼓舞。说明现在我的院子前面已经长满了金凤花。故答案为C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.spread传播，扩散；B.change改变；C.hide躲藏；D.improve提升。根据下句they grow more and more，making the next spring more（13）than the last可知它们长得越来越多，说明每一年，它们的种子都在扩散。故答案为A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.normal正常的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。说明它们长得越来越多，使得第二年的春天比上一年更有吸引力。故答案为D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.imagine想象；B.enjoy享受；C.ignore忽略；D.choose选择。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。说明每年我都享受这美好的一天，这美好的世界，这美好的生活。故答案为B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.incidents小事件；B.memories记忆；C.flowers花；D.regrets后悔。根据前文I see them in the grassland，the cow fields and along the sides of the roads可知我在草原、牧场和路边看到它们。说明我们的生活也很像这些花。故答案为C。
（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.theory理论；B.pity遗憾；C.surprise惊讶；D.truth事实。根据下句It is multiplication（乘法）.可知但事实是，这不仅仅是加法。是乘法。故答案为D。
（17）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.sweeps away扫走；B.brings out 带来；C.results from由……导致；D.breaks down坏了。根据下句Each kind thing you do inspires（18）in others可知你做的每一件好事都会激发他人的善意。说明你分享的每一个微笑都会带来别人的微笑。故答案为B。
（18）考查名词及语境理解。A.confidence自信；B.wisdom智慧；C.kindness善良；D.honesty诚实。根据下句Our lives are like buttercups spreading seeds of love and beauty可知我们的生活就像金凤花，播撒着爱和美的种子。说明你分享的每一个微笑都会带来别人的微笑故答案为C。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.impression印象；B.pride自豪；C.humor幽默；D.love喜欢。根据下句Our lives are like buttercups spreading seeds of love and beauty可知我们的生活就像金凤花，播撒着爱和美的种子。可知你做出的每一个爱的选择都会帮助别人选择爱。故答案为D。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.sparing抽出；B.making使得；C.paying支付；D.returning回来。我们的生活就像毛茛，播撒爱与美的种子，让这个世界变得更美好。故答案为B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者由五月中旬的花卉的盛开想到我们的爱也像花的种子一样，四处散播，带来美丽。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】country's
【小题2】the
【小题3】who
【小题4】arrival
【小题5】to allow
【小题6】floating
【小题7】heavier
【小题8】as
【小题9】successfully
【小题10】carried
【解析】（1）考查名词所有格。句意：中国宇航员已进入 一个新实验室，该实验室于本周抵达中国轨道空间站。分析句子可知，横线处用名词所有格作定语，修饰名词orbiting space station。故填country's。
（2）考查定冠词。句意：该舱是完成天宫空间站的三个舱中的第二个。分析句子可知，横线处特指第二个，所以用定冠词。故填the。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：6月开始在空间站停留6个月的中国宇航员在那里监督了问天实验室的抵达和与主舱的连接。分析句子可知，横线处引导定语从句，先行词为There Chinese astronauts，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用who引导该从句。故填who。
（4）考查不可数名词。句意：6月开始在空间站停留6个月的中国宇航员在那里监督了问天实验室的抵达和与主舱的连接。分析句子可知，横线前面为名词所有格lab's，所以横线处用名词，arrival"到达"是抽象名词，不可数。故填arrival。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：轨道实验室旨在让宇航员进行科学和生物实验，并测试新技术。be designed to do sth."被设计用于做某事"。故填to allow。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：太空舱抵达数小时后，国家电视台CCTV播放了宇航员在新实验室内漂浮的视频。分析句子可知，本句谓语为showed，所以横线处用非谓语，逻辑主语astronauts与float之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填floating。
（7）考查形容词比较级。句意：中国官方报纸《环球时报》报道称，23吨重的问天实验室比目前在太空中的任何其他单舱航天器都重。根据than可知，横线处用形容词比较级。故填heavier。
（8）考查介词。句意：该舱将成为未来空间飞行器活动的主要早期和出口点。act as"充当"是固定用法。故填as。
（9）考查副词。句意：大约一年前，中国在火星上成功着陆了一艘航天器。分析句子可知，修饰动词landed要用形容词。故填successfully。
（10）考查动词时态。句意："天问一号"飞船搭载了一个名为"祝融"的机器人探险家。根据上文语境，本句用一般过去时。分析句子可知，横线处是句子谓语，所以横线处用动词过去式。故填carried。
本文是一篇新闻报道，对天宫空间站其中的一个新的太空实验室做了简要介绍。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】【小题1】The Internet has greatly changed our lives over the past few decades.While some of these changes not good，but as a whole，the effect of this technology is helpful.
I personally believe that the Internet has many .First of all，it is an obvious fact the Internet has changed the way we communicate.These extremely and powerful tools of communication us contact our loved ones in faraway places.Moreover，the Internet has placed the entire world all of the information in it at our fingertips.
Now，I would like to my point again.In ∧word，the Internet has a positive impact on modern life because of impact on communication and the flow of information.
详解：
（1）考查动词时态。句意：虽然有些变化不是很好，但总的来说，这项技术的效果是有益的。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，故were改为are。
（2）考查连词。句意：虽然有些变化不是很好，但总的来说，这项技术的效果是有益的。前面有while"尽管"，后面不能用but，故去掉but。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：我个人认为互联网有很多优点。前面有many，所以用名词复数，故advantage改为advantages。
（4）考查同位语从句。句意：首先，互联网改变了我们交流的方式，这是一个显而易见的事实。引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分无含义，所以用that，which表示"哪一个"，故which改为that。
（5）考查形容词。句意：这些非常有用和强大的沟通工具帮助我们联系远在他乡的亲人。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故usefully改为useful。
（6）考查主谓一致。句意：这些非常有用和强大的沟通工具帮助我们联系远在他乡的亲人。主语为名词复数，故helps改为help。
（7）考查连词。句意：此外，互联网已经把整个世界或其中所有的信息放在我们的指尖。前后是并列关系而不是选择关系，所以用and列举，故or改为and。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：现在，我想再次强调我的观点。would like to dosth."想要做某事"，为固定搭配，故stressing改为stress。
（9）考查冠词。句意：总之，互联网对现代生活产生了积极的影响，因为它影响了沟通和信息的流动。in a word"总之"，为固定搭配，故word前面加a。
（10）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：总之，互联网对现代生活产生了积极的影响，因为它影响了沟通和信息的流动。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故it改为its。
【小题2】略
【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在过去的几十年里，互联网极大地改变了我们的生活，作者列举了其优点。
1.先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
2.聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）。
3.再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲。
38.【答案】Dear Sam，
Learning that you are interested in fishing，I am writing to invite you to watch the upcoming fishing competition.【高分句型一】（提出邀请）
The competition is going to be held in Longhu Park next Saturday afternoon from 3：00 pm to 5：00 pm. （时间和地点）At first ，there will a competition，where 3 winners will be selected according to the size and weight of the fish they will have got. 【高分句型二】Then will be a fishing experience exchange meeting.Therefore，not only can we enjoy a wonderful competition，but also we can learn some fishing experience.（比赛内容）
To have a better view，we had better arrive at the park before 3：00 pm.Please don't forget to wear your hat and take some water.（注意事项）
Looking forward to your early reply.（表达期盼）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
Learning that you are interested in fishing，I am writing to invite you to watch the upcoming fishing competition.
翻译：得知你对钓鱼感兴趣，我写信邀请你观看即将举行的钓鱼比赛。
分析：句子里，现在分词短语Learning that you are interested in fishing作原因状语。
高分句型二
At first ，there will a competition，where 3 winners will be selected according to the size and weight of the fish they will have got.
翻译：首先，会有一场比赛，根据他们得到的鱼的大小和重量选出3名优胜者。
分析：句子里，关系词where引导非限制性定语从句3 winners will be selected according to the size and weight of the fish；定语从句they will have got省略了关系词that/which。
提纲类写作是近年高考英语书面表达的热点题型，命题人通常以提纲作文的形式考查书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。提纲作文的选材范围很广，内容简单易懂，且多是考生熟悉的话题。这类题型的主要特点是要点明确范围具体。但考生也容易受中文提纲的制约，将书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和词汇上的单调，甚至写出结构不完整的句子。
2022-2023学年河南省南阳市六校高二（上）期中英语试卷
A
Science of the Incas：Peru
September 2023，4 days
Register now at tours@new scientist.com and we will contact you soon with full tour details .
Day 1：Arrive into Cusco
You will be met at the airport by your tour leader and sent to the Sonesta Cusco Hotel.This will be your base for the next four nights.
Cusco is the historic heartland and former capital of the Inca Empire.The city was the home of the Inca Empire for two centuries before the Spanish built their first capital here.Today，Cusco is an attractive combination of both cultures.
In the evening，you will meet your fellow guests for a welcome meal.
Day 2：Explore Cusco and Qoricancha Temple
In the morning，Peter，a historian，will give his welcome address.Throughout the tour，Peter will be giving talks on the many excellent sites that the tour is visiting.
Later on，you will take a walk to explore the key sites of Cusco.You will then visit Qoricancha，the Sun Temple.Afterwards，you will head to the heart of the city，the Plaza de Armas，surrounded by churches and buildings from the early Spanish occupation.
Day 3：Sacsayhuaman，Tambomachay and the Planetarium of Cusco
This morning，you will visit the huge Inea ceremonial structure Sacsayhuaman.Its construction is complex and exact with huge rocks perfectly fitted together without the aid of mortar（灰浆）.
Afterwards，you will travel the short distance to Tambomachay，a beautiful archaeological site，consisting of aqueducts，canals and waterfalls.
In the evening，you will head to the Planetarium of Cusco.Here you will explore Quechus and Inca astronomy（天文学） as well as the relationship between Andean people and the universe.
Day 4：Farewell to Cusco
Your tour comes to an end today and there are no activities planned.At the proper time，you'll be transported to the airport to take the flight back to Lima，followed by the international flight home.
1. What will visitors do on the evening of the first day？ ______
A. Learn a little Spanish. B. Enjoy a welcome dinner.
C. Listen to a talk by an expert. D. Tour ancient buildings in Cusco.
2. How will visitors tour the key sites of Cusco on the second day？ ______
A. By car. B. By bike. C. By bus. D. On foot.
3. On which day will visitors see some waterfalls？ ______
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
B
Four years ago，a group of 12 boys and their soccer coach were rescued from a cave in Thailand.Now，their story has been told by award-winning American filmmaker Ron Howard in his new film Thirteen Lives.
The children and their coach were exploring the Tham Luang cave in northern Thailand's Chiang Rai in June 2018.Heavy rains flooded the cave and trapped them underground.They struggled for nine days in a party flooded area of the cave before being discovered by two British divers.But it took members of Thailand's navy and international volunteers another eight days to bring them to safety.
Thirteen Lives recreates what happened inside the cave and above it on the ground during those 17 days.Volunteers，engineers and soldiers pumped（用泵输送） millions of liters of water out of the cave.They also dug holes through rocks looking for openings to reach the boys.
Howard spoke at the film's first showing in London earlier this week.He said，"It's not just about the heroic divers…it really is an entire community and a country and a lot of countries eventually participating and making something amazing come true."
The film stars American Viggo Mortensen and Ireland's Colin Farrell as British divers Rick Stanton and John Volanthen.Australian actor Joel Edgerton plays the part of Harry Harris，Harris，Harris was brought on to help when possible ways to save the boys were running out.The Thai performers in the movie included professional and nonprofessional actors.Many of the young boys playing the members of the soccer team had no acting experience.
Stanton，Volanthen and members of the international rescue dive team attended the London showing.They Howard's effort to put the events on the screen."I think it's good for people to know what happened.It's not a documentary，but it's pretty much true to life."Stanton said.
Thirteen Lires will be put on in a small number of U.S.and British theaters on July 29.It will be shown worldwide on the Amazon Prime Video service on August 5.
4. What got the boys into trouble？ ______
A. A natural disaster.
B. A mistake made by the coach.
C. The dangerous underground hole.
D. Lack of preparation for exploration.
5. Why did the rescue workers dig holes through rocks？ ______
A. To remove water inside.
B. To communicate with the survivors.
C. To bring the survivors out.
D. To blow air into the underground hole.
6. Who is Harry Harris mentioned in paragraph 5 probably？ ______
A. A British diver. B. An expert in the movie.
C. An Australian actor. D. A professional Thai actor.
7. What does the underlined phrase"preached up"in paragraph 6 mean？ ______
A. Focused on. B. Spoke highly of.
C. Depended on. D. Kept track of.
C
This passage is to talk about expressions related to keeping on time.To help us plan our time，we use tools-namely clocks and watches.
When an event is very regular，we can say we could"set our watch by it".And that is our first expression—to set your watch by something.You might hear someone using it like this：
Regina leaves her house to go to work every weekday at exactly 7 a.m.-never a minute earlier or later.You can set your watch by it.This means she sticks to her plan no matter what happens，
This expression can also describe someone who is always on time.They are reliable and punctual（准时的）—like in this example：
Mary：John said he'd be here at 3 p.m.and it's2：45 p.m.If he's late，we'll miss our train!
Jack：Don't worry.If John said he will be here，then he will be here.He's always right on time.You could set your watch by him.
Now，let's talk about clocks；devices that tell time.Some events or activities happen easily and on time.And some systems operate without a problem.If everything is going as planned，we can say it is"running like clockwork".
Clockwork is a system of wheels and springs inside mechanical clocks.The term means something that is carefully made and runs smoothly（顺利地） and on time.
For example，once，I ran a two-week teacher training class.It took a lot of work to organize and had things that needed to be done.But I'm happy to say that the training ran like clockwork!
The expression"run like clockwork"can also mean to operate，manage，control，of direct something in a very smooth，efficient（高效的），trustworthy manner，Used this way，a noon or pronoun is used between"run"and"like clockwork".Here is an example：
When the new manager took over，he wanted to run the office like clockwork.So，he made the workers have lunch at a set time every day.
8. What is a man like if we can set our watch by him？ ______
A. He treats others nicely. B. He behaves honestly.
C. He takes everything seriously. D. He does things exactly on time.
9. What does Jack think of John in the example？ ______
A. He will certainly keep his word.
B. He always plans things carefully.
C. He shouldn't have made such a promise.
D. He sometimes fails to do things on time.
10. Which statement matches the two-week teacher training class？ ______
A. It was not well organized actually.
B. It was completed as scheduled.
C. It ended much better than expected.
D. It brought the author great confidence.
11. Why did the new manager set lunchtime for his employees？ ______
A. To save enough time for work. B. To show his personal power.
C. To run the company smoothly. D. To make his workers eat well.
D
New research suggests that even a simple exercise program might help older people with light memory problems.
Doctors have long advised patients to do physical activity to help keep their brains healthy.But the U.S.government-supported research marks the longest study of whether exercise makes any difference once memory starts to decline（下降）.
Researchers found around 300 inactive older adults with memory changes called mild cognitive impaiment（MCl）（轻度认知功能障碍）.Half of the older adults did exercises，and the rest did stretching and balance movements that raised their heart rates a little.
After a year，testing of mental activity showed neither group had worsened.Brain scans（扫描） did not show the decline that often goes with worsening memory problems.By comparison，similar MCI patients in another long-term study of brain health—but without exercise—experienced cognitive，or mental，decline over a year.
The early findings are surprising.But the National Institute on Aging said that tracking non-exercisers in the same study would have offered better evidence.The results suggest this is double for everybody—not just seniors healthy enough to work up a hard sweat.
How much and what kind of exercise？In the study，seniors were supposed to get moving for 30 to 45 minutes four times a week.It did not matter whether it was exercise on the running machine or stretching exercises.
Experts believe the social connection with the trainers helped.Each participant completed over 100 hours of exercise."We wouldn't have done the exercise on our own."said Doug Maxwell of Verona，Wisconsin，who joined the study with his wife.The husband and wife，both 81，attended the stretching classes.They felt so good afterward that when the study ended，they bought electric bikes in the hope of even more activity.
12. Which of the following took part in the study according to paragraph 3？ ______
A. Old people in good health.
B. Old people doing no exercise.
C. Old people with serious illnesses.
D. Old people with light memory problems.
13. Which statement agrees with the findings of the study？ ______
A. Exercise is good for all seniors.
B. The elderly especially need exercise.
C. Seniors should exercise until they sweat.
D. Exercise can quickly improve memory.
14. What is Doug Maxwell's attitude toward the study？ ______
A. Uncaring. B. Unsupportive. C. Doubtful. D. Appreciative.
15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______
A. Exercise Is Better than Medicine
B. Proper Exercise Is a Must for the Elderly
C. Simple Exercise Can Slow Memory Loss
D. Memory Loss Is Becoming a Threat to Seniors
The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home.The trees are all full of light green(16) that are almost golden in the sunshine.It 's not too(17) yet.The air is cool and(18) .Mommy and Daddy birds are building nests（巢） and(19) babies.Butterflies，bees and even hummingbirds are(20) about from flower to flower.And the sweet sound of birdsong is(21) with the laughter of children playing outside.
There is one(22) part about it，however.There comes a time when I have to clean up my yard and(23) my buttercups（金凤花）.I always say(24) to them when I cut them down but I am encouraged in seeing that each spring there are even more of them.
It (25) with just a few buttercups in my yard here and there but now the front part of my yard is(26) filled with them.Each year their seeds（种子）(27) and they grow more and more，making the next spring more(28) than the last.It is not just in my yard.I see them in the grassland，the cow fields and along the sides of the roads.Each year I(29) this beautiful day，this beautiful world，and this beautiful life.
Our lives are a lot like these(30) as well.I often encourage people to freely add their love and joy to the world，but the(31)is that it isn't just addition.It is multiplication（乘法）.Each smile you share(32) the smiles of others.Each kind thing you do inspires(33) in others.Each loving choice you make helps others to choose(34) too.Our lives are like buttercups spreading seeds of love and beauty and(35) this world a better place.
16. A. fruits B. leaves C. branches D. birds
17. A. windy B. noisy C. hot D. pleasant
18. A. fresh B. thin C. terrible D. strange
19. A. carrying B. raising C. weighing D. rescuing
20. A. jumping B. rushing C. hurrying D. flying
21. A. filled B. concerned C. mixed D. compared
22. A. sad B. interesting C. important D. simple
23. A. develop B. water C. protect D. remove
24. A. sorry B. hello C. yes D. pardon
25. A. competed B. started C. remained D. dealt
26. A. typically B. necessarily C. entirely D. regularly
27. A. spread B. change C. hide D. improve
28. A. formal B. familiar C. normal D. attractive
29. A. imagine B. enjoy C. ignore D. choose
30. A. incidents B. memories C. flowers D. regrets
31. A. theory B. pity C. surprise D. truth
32. A. sweeps away B. brings out C. results from D. breaks down
33. A. confidence B. wisdom C. kindness D. honesty
34. A. impression B. pride C. humor D. love
35. A. sparing B. making C. paying D. returning
36. Chinese astronauts have entered a new laboratory that arrived at the (1) （ country） orbiting space station this week.The flight lasted 13 hours.The module（太空舱） is (2) second of three that will complete the Tiangong space station.
Chinese officials have said they expect the space station to come into use by the end of this year.There Chinese astronauts (3) began a six- month stay on the space station in June oversaw the Wentian lab's (4) （ arrive） and connection to the main module.The orbiting labs are designed (5) （ allow） astronauts to carry out scientific and biological experiments and test new technologies.
Hars after the module arrived，state broadcaster CCTV showed the video of the astronauts (6) （ float） inside the new lab.CCTV described the launch and linking operation as "a complete success'.China's state- run Global Times newspaper reported the 23- ton Wentian lab is (7) （ heavy） than any other single module spacecraft now in space.The module will act (8) the main early and exit point for future space vehicle activities.
About one year ago，China (9) （ successful） landed a spacecraft on Mars.The Tianwen-1 spacecraft (10) （ carry）a robotic explorer，called Zhurong.The explorer，or rover，is to measure atmospheric conditions and magnetic（磁性的） forces during its search for signs of ancient life on Mars.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
37. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：（1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
（2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
The Internet has greatly changed our lives over the past few decades.While some of these changes were not good，but as a whole，the effect of this technology is helpful.
I personally believe that the Internet has many advantage.First of all，it is an obvious fact which the Internet has changed the way we communicate.These extremely usefully and powerful tools of communication helps us contact our loved ones in faraway places.Moreover，the Internet has placed the entire world or all of the information in it at our fingertips.
Now，I would like to stressing my point again.In word，the Internet has had a positive impact on modern life because of it impact on communication and the flow of information.
(1)
(2)
38. 假定你是李华，得知外教Sam对钓鱼感兴趣。你想邀请他一同观看即将举办的钓鱼比赛。请给他写一封信，内容包括：
（1）时间、地点：
（2）比赛内容。
注意：（1）词数100左右；
（2）可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案和解析
1~3.【答案】B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Day 1：Arrive into Cusco第三段部分In the evening，you will meet your fellow guests for a welcome meal.（晚上，你会和你的客人一起吃欢迎饭。）可知第一天晚上游客会享受欢迎晚宴。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Day 2：Explore Cusco and Qoricancha Temple部分第二段Later on，you will take a walk to explore the key sites of Cusco.（稍后，您将步行探索库斯科的主要景点。）可知第二天游客将步行游览库斯科的主要景点。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Day 3：Sacsayhuaman，Tambomachay and the Planetarium of Cusco部分Afterwards，you will travel the short distance to Tambomachay，a beautiful archaeological site，consisting of aqueducts，canals and waterfalls.（之后，您将短途前往坦波马凯，这是一个美丽的考古遗址，由渡槽、运河和瀑布组成。）可知第三天游客会看到一些瀑布。故选C。
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了秘鲁四天的游览详情。
阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。
4~7.【答案】A、B、B、B
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段The children and their coach were exploring the Tham Luang cave in northern Thailand's Chiang Rai in June 2018.Heavy rains flooded the cave and trapped them underground（2018年6月，孩子们和他们的教练正在泰国北部清莱探索Tham Luang洞穴。大雨淹没了洞穴，把他们困在地下）可知一场自然灾害使男孩们陷入困境。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段They also dug holes through rocks looking for openings to reach the boys.（他们还在岩石上挖洞，寻找接触男孩的开口。）可知救援人员在岩石上挖洞与幸存者交流。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章第五段Harris was brought on to help when possible ways to save the boys were running out.（当救这些男孩的方法已经用尽时，哈里斯被请来帮忙。）可知Harris是电影中的一个专家。故选B。
（4）猜测词义题。根据文章倒数第二段"I think it's good for people to know what happened.It's not a documentary，but it's pretty much true to life."Stanton said.（"我认为让人们知道发生了什么是有好处的。这不是一部纪录片，但它非常真实地反映了生活。"斯坦顿说。）可知这是对这位导演的赞扬。A.Focused on.专注于；B.Spoke highly of.高度评价；C.Depended on.取决于；D.Kept track of.跟踪。故选B。
本文是一篇说明文。美国电影制作人朗•霍华德在他的新片《十三条命》中讲述了四年前，一群12个男孩和他们的足球教练从泰国的一个洞穴中被救出的故事。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】D、A、B、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第三段You can set your watch by it.This means she sticks to her plan no matter what happens（你可以用它来对你的手表。这意味着无论发生什么她都会坚持自己的计划）可知如果我们能按他的时间对表，他做事会非常准时。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第六段Jack：Don't worry.If John said he will be here，then he will be here.He's always right on time.You could set your watch by him.（杰克：别担心。如果约翰说他会在这里，那么他就会在这里。他总是准时。你可以根据他来对表。）可知杰克认为约翰肯定会遵守诺言。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 The expression"run like clockwork"can also mean to operate，manage，control，of direct something in a very smooth，efficient（高效的），trustworthy manner（"像钟表一样运转"这个表达也可以指以一种非常平稳、有效、值得信赖的方式操作、管理、控制或指导某事）可知为期两周的教师培训班如期完成。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段 The expression"run like clockwork"can also mean to operate，manage，control，of direct something in a very smooth，efficient（高效的），trustworthy manner（"像钟表一样运转"这个表达也可以指以一种非常平稳、有效、值得信赖的方式操作、管理、控制或指导某事）可知新经理为他的员工设定了午餐时间，以便顺利经营公司。故选C。
本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了与守时有关的表达。
一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。
二、看题干，带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。
四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】D、B、D、C
【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第三段 Researchers found around 300 inactive older adults with memory changes called mild cognitive impaiment（MCl）（轻度认知功能障碍）.Half of the older adults did exercises，and the rest did stretching and balance movements that raised their heart rates a little.（研究人员找到大约300名出现了被称为轻度认知障碍（MCI）的记忆变化的且不太运动的老年人。其中一半的老年人做了运动，其余的人做了拉伸和平衡运动，这些运动会稍微提高他们的心率。）可知参与研究的是那些"有轻度记忆问题的老年人"，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段By comparison，similar MCI patients in another long-term study of brain health—but without exercise—experienced cognitive，or mental，decline over a year.（相比之下，在另一项关于大脑健康的长期研究中，没有运动的类似MCI患者在一年内经历了认知或精神方面的下降。）以及第五段The results suggest this is double for everybody—not just seniors healthy enough to work up a hard sweat.（结果表明，这对每个人来说都是双倍的，而不仅仅是健康到足以挥汗如雨的老年人。）可知B选项"老年人特别需要锻炼。"符合题意，故选B。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段The husband and wife，both 81，attended the stretching classes.They felt so good afterward that when the study ended，they bought electric bikes in the hope of even more activity.（81岁的丈夫和妻子都参加了拉伸课程。他们之后感觉非常好，以至于研究结束后，他们买了电动自行车，希望能有更多的活动。）可知Doug Maxwell的态度是"赞赏的"，A.Uncaring不在意的；B.Unsupportive不支持的；C.Doubtful怀疑的；D.Appreciative赞赏的。故选D。
（4）标题选择题。根据第一段New research suggests that even a simple exercise program might help older people with light memory problems.（新的研究表明，即使是一个简单的锻炼计划也可能帮助有轻度记忆问题的老年人。）可知C选项"简单的运动可以减缓记忆丧失"符合题意，故选C。
本文是一篇说明文，讲述了简单的锻炼可能帮助有轻度记忆问题的老年人。
做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。
16~35.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、C、A、D、A、B、C、A、D、B、C、D、B、C、D、B
【解析】（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.fruits水果；B.leaves树叶；C.branches树枝；D.birds鸟。根据空前The trees are all full of light green可知这些树都长满了浅绿色的叶子，在阳光下几乎是金黄色的。故答案为B。
（2）考查形容词及语境理解。A.windy有风的；B.noisy嘈杂的；C.hot热的；D.pleasant高兴的。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。因为是五月所以天还不是很热。故答案为C。
（3）考查形容词及语境理解。A.fresh新鲜的；B.thin瘦的；C.terrible糟糕的；D.strange奇怪的。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。说明空气应该是清新的。故答案为A。
（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.carrying搬运；B.raising养育，提升；C.weighing重达；D.rescuing救。根据上句Mommy and Daddy birds are building nests可知鸟妈妈和鸟爸爸正在筑巢和养育宝宝。故答案为B。
（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.jumping跳；B.rushing跑；C.hurrying赶紧走；D.flying飞。根据空后about from flower to flower.可知蝴蝶、蜜蜂甚至蜂鸟在花间飞来飞去。故答案为D。
（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.filled填充；B.concerned关心；C.mixed混合；D.compared比较。悦耳的鸟鸣声夹杂着孩子们在外面玩耍的笑声。mix sth with sth和……混合。故答案为C。
（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sad伤心的；B.interesting令人感兴趣的；C.important重要的；D.simple简单的。根据下句There comes a time when I have to clean up my yard and（8）my buttercups可知总有一天，我会清理我的院子，拔掉我的金凤花。说明这个时候是令人伤心的时候。故答案为A。
（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.develop发展；B.water浇水；C.protect保护；D.remove去除。根据下句I cut them down可知拔掉我的金凤花。故答案为D。
（9）考查形容词及语境理解。A.sorry抱歉的；B.hello你好；C.yes是的；D.pardon请原谅。根据空后when I cut them down可知当我砍倒他们时，我总是对他们说对不起。故答案为A。
（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.competed比赛；B.started开始；C.remained仍然是；D.dealt处理。根据下句but now the front part of my yard is（11）filled with them可知开始时，我的院子里到处只有一些金凤花，但现在我的院子前面已经长满了金凤花。故答案为B。
（11）考查副词及语境理解。A.typically典型地；B.necessarily必须地；C.entirely整个地；D.regularly有规律地。根据前文 I am encouraged in seeing that each spring there are even more of them.可知看到每年春天都有更多的金凤花，我很受鼓舞。说明现在我的院子前面已经长满了金凤花。故答案为C。
（12）考查动词及语境理解。A.spread传播，扩散；B.change改变；C.hide躲藏；D.improve提升。根据下句they grow more and more，making the next spring more（13）than the last可知它们长得越来越多，说明每一年，它们的种子都在扩散。故答案为A。
（13）考查形容词及语境理解。A.formal正式的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.normal正常的；D.attractive有吸引力的。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。说明它们长得越来越多，使得第二年的春天比上一年更有吸引力。故答案为D。
（14）考查动词及语境理解。A.imagine想象；B.enjoy享受；C.ignore忽略；D.choose选择。根据前文The middle of May is one of my favorite times of the year here in the mountains of my home可知在我家的山里，五月中旬是我一年中最喜欢的时光之一。说明每年我都享受这美好的一天，这美好的世界，这美好的生活。故答案为B。
（15）考查名词及语境理解。A.incidents小事件；B.memories记忆；C.flowers花；D.regrets后悔。根据前文I see them in the grassland，the cow fields and along the sides of the roads可知我在草原、牧场和路边看到它们。说明我们的生活也很像这些花。故答案为C。
（16）考查名词及语境理解。A.theory理论；B.pity遗憾；C.surprise惊讶；D.truth事实。根据下句It is multiplication（乘法）.可知但事实是，这不仅仅是加法。是乘法。故答案为D。
（17）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.sweeps away扫走；B.brings out 带来；C.results from由……导致；D.breaks down坏了。根据下句Each kind thing you do inspires（18）in others可知你做的每一件好事都会激发他人的善意。说明你分享的每一个微笑都会带来别人的微笑。故答案为B。
（18）考查名词及语境理解。A.confidence自信；B.wisdom智慧；C.kindness善良；D.honesty诚实。根据下句Our lives are like buttercups spreading seeds of love and beauty可知我们的生活就像金凤花，播撒着爱和美的种子。说明你分享的每一个微笑都会带来别人的微笑故答案为C。
（19）考查名词及语境理解。A.impression印象；B.pride自豪；C.humor幽默；D.love喜欢。根据下句Our lives are like buttercups spreading seeds of love and beauty可知我们的生活就像金凤花，播撒着爱和美的种子。可知你做出的每一个爱的选择都会帮助别人选择爱。故答案为D。
（20）考查动词及语境理解。A.sparing抽出；B.making使得；C.paying支付；D.returning回来。我们的生活就像毛茛，播撒爱与美的种子，让这个世界变得更美好。故答案为B。
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者由五月中旬的花卉的盛开想到我们的爱也像花的种子一样，四处散播，带来美丽。
完形填空题的命题趋势
解题步骤：
1.通读全文，理解大意。重视首句信息，跳过空格，浏览全文，从整体上感知全文，理解文章大意，这是解题的基础。
2.瞻前顾后，避难就易。在理解文章大意的情况下，结合各选项的意义和用法，遵循先易后难的原则，先解决那些自己有把握的问题。对少数难题，暂时跳过，或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或者明显的提示，或许一个在前面不能解答的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。
3.复读全文，解决残敌。借助已经补全的空格，对全文有了更清楚的理解，可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题。
4.再次复读，弥补疏漏，全部做好后，务必要结合自己选择的答案重新阅读短文内容，确保全文文意连贯。
36.【答案】【小题1】country's
【小题2】the
【小题3】who
【小题4】arrival
【小题5】to allow
【小题6】floating
【小题7】heavier
【小题8】as
【小题9】successfully
【小题10】carried
【解析】（1）考查名词所有格。句意：中国宇航员已进入 一个新实验室，该实验室于本周抵达中国轨道空间站。分析句子可知，横线处用名词所有格作定语，修饰名词orbiting space station。故填country's。
（2）考查定冠词。句意：该舱是完成天宫空间站的三个舱中的第二个。分析句子可知，横线处特指第二个，所以用定冠词。故填the。
（3）考查定语从句。句意：6月开始在空间站停留6个月的中国宇航员在那里监督了问天实验室的抵达和与主舱的连接。分析句子可知，横线处引导定语从句，先行词为There Chinese astronauts，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用who引导该从句。故填who。
（4）考查不可数名词。句意：6月开始在空间站停留6个月的中国宇航员在那里监督了问天实验室的抵达和与主舱的连接。分析句子可知，横线前面为名词所有格lab's，所以横线处用名词，arrival"到达"是抽象名词，不可数。故填arrival。
（5）考查动词不定式。句意：轨道实验室旨在让宇航员进行科学和生物实验，并测试新技术。be designed to do sth."被设计用于做某事"。故填to allow。
（6）考查现在分词。句意：太空舱抵达数小时后，国家电视台CCTV播放了宇航员在新实验室内漂浮的视频。分析句子可知，本句谓语为showed，所以横线处用非谓语，逻辑主语astronauts与float之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填floating。
（7）考查形容词比较级。句意：中国官方报纸《环球时报》报道称，23吨重的问天实验室比目前在太空中的任何其他单舱航天器都重。根据than可知，横线处用形容词比较级。故填heavier。
（8）考查介词。句意：该舱将成为未来空间飞行器活动的主要早期和出口点。act as"充当"是固定用法。故填as。
（9）考查副词。句意：大约一年前，中国在火星上成功着陆了一艘航天器。分析句子可知，修饰动词landed要用形容词。故填successfully。
（10）考查动词时态。句意："天问一号"飞船搭载了一个名为"祝融"的机器人探险家。根据上文语境，本句用一般过去时。分析句子可知，横线处是句子谓语，所以横线处用动词过去式。故填carried。
本文是一篇新闻报道，对天宫空间站其中的一个新的太空实验室做了简要介绍。
语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用，做题时要首先明确短文大意，从词语搭配，固定句型，语法，时态等方面综合考虑，结合上下文语境找出正确答案。
37.【答案】【小题1】The Internet has greatly changed our lives over the past few decades.While some of these changes not good，but as a whole，the effect of this technology is helpful.
I personally believe that the Internet has many .First of all，it is an obvious fact the Internet has changed the way we communicate.These extremely and powerful tools of communication us contact our loved ones in faraway places.Moreover，the Internet has placed the entire world all of the information in it at our fingertips.
Now，I would like to my point again.In ∧word，the Internet has a positive impact on modern life because of impact on communication and the flow of information.
详解：
（1）考查动词时态。句意：虽然有些变化不是很好，但总的来说，这项技术的效果是有益的。描述现状，所以用一般现在时态，故were改为are。
（2）考查连词。句意：虽然有些变化不是很好，但总的来说，这项技术的效果是有益的。前面有while"尽管"，后面不能用but，故去掉but。
（3）考查可数名词的复数。句意：我个人认为互联网有很多优点。前面有many，所以用名词复数，故advantage改为advantages。
（4）考查同位语从句。句意：首先，互联网改变了我们交流的方式，这是一个显而易见的事实。引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分无含义，所以用that，which表示"哪一个"，故which改为that。
（5）考查形容词。句意：这些非常有用和强大的沟通工具帮助我们联系远在他乡的亲人。作定语修饰名词，所以用形容词，故usefully改为useful。
（6）考查主谓一致。句意：这些非常有用和强大的沟通工具帮助我们联系远在他乡的亲人。主语为名词复数，故helps改为help。
（7）考查连词。句意：此外，互联网已经把整个世界或其中所有的信息放在我们的指尖。前后是并列关系而不是选择关系，所以用and列举，故or改为and。
（8）考查动词不定式。句意：现在，我想再次强调我的观点。would like to dosth."想要做某事"，为固定搭配，故stressing改为stress。
（9）考查冠词。句意：总之，互联网对现代生活产生了积极的影响，因为它影响了沟通和信息的流动。in a word"总之"，为固定搭配，故word前面加a。
（10）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：总之，互联网对现代生活产生了积极的影响，因为它影响了沟通和信息的流动。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故it改为its。
【小题2】略
【解析】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在过去的几十年里，互联网极大地改变了我们的生活，作者列举了其优点。
1.先通读全文。认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清大意。注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致。
2.聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）。
3.再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确。一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲。
38.【答案】Dear Sam，
Learning that you are interested in fishing，I am writing to invite you to watch the upcoming fishing competition.【高分句型一】（提出邀请）
The competition is going to be held in Longhu Park next Saturday afternoon from 3：00 pm to 5：00 pm. （时间和地点）At first ，there will a competition，where 3 winners will be selected according to the size and weight of the fish they will have got. 【高分句型二】Then will be a fishing experience exchange meeting.Therefore，not only can we enjoy a wonderful competition，but also we can learn some fishing experience.（比赛内容）
To have a better view，we had better arrive at the park before 3：00 pm.Please don't forget to wear your hat and take some water.（注意事项）
Looking forward to your early reply.（表达期盼）
Yours，
Li Hua
【解析】高分句型一
Learning that you are interested in fishing，I am writing to invite you to watch the upcoming fishing competition.
翻译：得知你对钓鱼感兴趣，我写信邀请你观看即将举行的钓鱼比赛。
分析：句子里，现在分词短语Learning that you are interested in fishing作原因状语。
高分句型二
At first ，there will a competition，where 3 winners will be selected according to the size and weight of the fish they will have got.
翻译：首先，会有一场比赛，根据他们得到的鱼的大小和重量选出3名优胜者。
分析：句子里，关系词where引导非限制性定语从句3 winners will be selected according to the size and weight of the fish；定语从句they will have got省略了关系词that/which。
提纲类写作是近年高考英语书面表达的热点题型，命题人通常以提纲作文的形式考查书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。提纲作文的选材范围很广，内容简单易懂，且多是考生熟悉的话题。这类题型的主要特点是要点明确范围具体。但考生也容易受中文提纲的制约，将书面表达变成了翻译，造成语法结构和词汇上的单调，甚至写出结构不完整的句子。
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