(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课件第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters (含详解)

这是一份(新高考)高考英语一轮复习课件第1部分 教材知识解读 必修第一册 Unit 4 Natural Disasters (含详解)，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了基础知识排 查，词汇句型，词汇串记，核心考点突 破，affect，shock，bury，suffer，survive ，strike等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1.trnad n.(pl.-es r -s)龙卷风；旋风2.drught n.旱灾；久旱3.landslide n.(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌； 滑坡4.tsunami n.海啸5.vlcanic eruptin火山喷发6.magnitude n.(地)震级；重大
7.evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离8.helicpter n.直升机9.crack n.裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂10.brick n.砖；砖块11.metal n.金属12.revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒13.revival n.振兴；复苏14.unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体
15.vlcan n.(pl.-es r -s)火山16.typhn n.台风17.hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风18.whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n.哨子(声)；呼啸声
1.disaster n.灾难；灾害2.slide vi.& vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动3.fld n.洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没4.rescue n.& vt.营救；救援5.damage vt.损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失
6.destry vt.摧毁；毁灭7.shelter n.避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)8.gas n.汽油；气体；燃气9.ruin n.& vt.破坏；毁坏10.percent n.百分之……adj.& adv.每一百中11.trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱
12.bury vt.埋葬；安葬13.effrt n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力14.cntext n.上下文；语境；背景15.supply n.供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给16.tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲17.pipe n.管子；管道
18.calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静19.aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(frmal)帮助；援助20.crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞21.sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫22.wave n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
23.strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击； 击打 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
1.death n.死；死亡 →dead adj.死的 →deadly adj.致命的→die v.死亡2.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动 →effect n.效果；结果；影响 →effective adj.有效的
3.shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊 →shcking adj.令人震惊的 →shcked adj.感到震惊的4.electricity n.电；电能 →electric adj.电的；用电的 →electrnic adj.电子的5.breathe vi.& vt.呼吸 →breath n.呼吸 →breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
6.wisdm n.智慧；才智 →wise adj.明智的 →unwise adj.不明智的7.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦 →suffering n.受难；苦楚8.erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出 →eruptin n.喷发9.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过 →survival n.幸存；生还 →survivr n.幸存者；生还者
10.pwer n.电力供应；能量；力量；控制力 →pwerful adj.强大的；强壮的 →pwerless adj.无力的11.emergency n.突发事件；紧急情况 →emergent adj.紧急的 →emerge vi.浮现；出现12.deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表 →delivery n.投递；送交13.summary n.总结；概括；概要 →summariz(s)e vt.& vi.总结；概括
14.length n.长；长度 →lng adj.长的 →lengthen v.(使)变长
1.as if似乎；好像；仿佛2.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪3.in shck震惊；吃惊4.in the pen air露天；在户外5.first aid kit急救箱6.n hand现有(尤指帮助)7.sweep away消灭；彻底消除
8.refuse t d sth. 拒绝做某事9.the number f...……的数量
1.ambulance n.救护车2.ancient adj.古代的3.anniversary n.周年纪念日4.annual adj.每年的5.antique n.古董，古玩6.apartment n.公寓7.apparent adj.表面上的；明显的
1.Chickens and even pigs were t nervus t eat，and dgs refused t g inside buildings.()鸡甚至连猪都太紧张而不能吃东西，狗也不愿意进屋里去。2.It seemed as if the wrld were cming t an end.(as if引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即将来临。3.Water，fd，and electricity were hard t get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d)很难得到水、食物和电。
4.Sn after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 sldiers t Tangshan t dig ut thse wh were trapped and t bury the dead.(thse wh...)地震刚刚过去，部队派出了15万名战士奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死者。5.The mst pwerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed int castlines acrss Asia yesterday，killing mre than 6,500 peple in Indnesia，India，Thailand，Malaysia，and at least fur ther cuntries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)过去40年来最强的一次地震引起的海啸昨天登陆了亚洲海岸，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚以及其他至少四个国家的6,500多人死亡。
6.I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.(be 正在做……突然……)我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。
Disasters such as trnades，drughts，flds，landslides，vlcanic eruptins，typhns，hurricanes and earthquakes have cme ne after anther，causing great 1. t many cuntries.
In summary，the earthquake has the wrst effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused mre than 240,000 2. .90 percent f hmes lay in ruins and peple 3. a lt.Fd，water and electricity were hard t get.Everywhere the 4. survivrs saw destryed bricks，deep cracks in village wells and useless metals as if the wrld were at an end.Rescue teams dug ut the trapped,5. the dead，and built shelters in the pen air.With unified effrts and wisdm f all peple，
the city revived itself and began t 6. again.Earthquakes under the sea can als cause tsunamis.The tsunami that 7. Asia in 2004 crashed int castlines.Huge waves swept away many peple.Freign cuntries aided these areas by 8. fd and supplies by helicpters.(Tips fr emergency：※ Keep calm ※ Tap n a pipe r whistle fr help※Stay away frm pwer lines ※ Survive n what yu have n hand ※ Keep first aid kits at hme)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
• be affected by受……的影响；被……感动 be affected with感染……疾病• have an effect/influence n/upn对……产生影响
v.影响；感动；(疾病)侵袭；使感染(effect n.影响；结果；效果 effective adj.有效的)
(1)We must take (affect) measures t prevent natural disasters in advance.(2)Unluckily，he (affect) with a serius illness and passed away，making us depressed.(3)总的来说，英文报Yuth对我有巨大的影响。我经常被报纸中数不清的感人故事深深感动。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)In summary，the English newspaper Yuth _________________________ . cuntless mving stries in the newspaper.
was affected
affects me greatly/has a great
effect n me
I am ften deeply affected by
• be a shck t...对……而言是一件震惊的事 in shck吃惊地，震惊地• be shcked at sth. /that...对……感到震惊 be shcked t d sth. 因做某事而感到震惊
vt.(使)震惊 n.休克；震惊；令人震惊的事(shcked adj.感到震惊的 shcking adj.令人震惊的)
(1)Lking at the huse which lay in ruins shck，he called 911 immediately t rescue the injured peple wh were trapped.(2)All f us were at the news that many deaths had been caused by the muntain fire.(shck)
(3)I was shcked (hear) the news that his car gt crashed the ther day seriusly.The news was shck t us.(4)The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in.Elli and I were shcked.(2020·浙江，读后续写)→The bear tre a hle in the fence and put his head in，______________ .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→_____________________________________________________________ .(用what引导的主语从句和that引导的表语从句改写)
which shcked
Elli and me/which made Elli and me shcked
What shcked Elli and me was that the bear tre a hle in the fence and
put his head in
bury sth. in...把某物埋在……bury neself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏
(1)He wept sadly and he buried his face in his hands.(读后续写之动作描写)→He wept sadly， .(用ding作状语改写)→He wept sadly， .(用with的复合结构改写)→He wept sadly， .(用独立主格改写)
burying his face in his hands
with his face buried in his hands
his face buried in his hands
(2)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)①I ___________________________________________________________ and I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.② ，I have gained lts f clrful knwledge.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day
Buried in reading the English newspaper every day
suffer frm遭受……折磨；患……病
vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n.受苦，遭难；苦楚，苦难 sufferer n.受害者；患者)
(1)Peple f the disaster area suffered a lt the typhn，and water supplies and electricity were hard t get.(2)生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之升华句)(强调句)There are always sme ups and dwns in ur lives，_______________ .
but it is the
suffering that makes us strnger
survive n靠……存活下来survive sth. 幸免于；从……中活过来A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivr n.幸存者 survival n.幸存；生还)
(1)We will d everything in ur pwer t help thse (survive) in the trnad.
(2)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking acrss Eurpe，surviving entirely ____ discarded(丢弃的) fd.(2019·浙江)(3)Althugh the ld lady suffered frm a serius illness，she still survived her husband 5 years.(4)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)Life isn’t abut ；it’s abut learning t dance in the rain.
hw t survive the strm
• be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动) It strikes sb. that...某人觉得……；某人突然想起…… sth. strike sb. 某人想到……• be n strike在罢工 g n strike举行罢工• 表示“突然想到”的单词还有hit，ccur。
vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；罢工；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n.罢工；罢课；袭击
(1)The wrkers are cming ut strike fr higher wages，which is a shck t the gvernment.(2)被他为我所做的事情所感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之心理描写)①Because ，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.② ，I culdn’t cntain myself，tears f gratitude flwing dwn my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
I was struck by what he had dne fr me
Struck by what he had dne fr me
(3)我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。(2021·1月浙江，读后续写) I culd win the first place by frcing my head inside the pumpkin.
It suddenly struck/hit/ccurred t me that
be/lie in ruins成为废墟；毁灭fall/cme int ruin成为废墟；毁灭ruin ne’s hpe/health毁掉某人的希望/健康
严重受损；破败不堪 (ruin n.废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产)
(1)90 percent f huses lay ruins after the landslide and helicpters were used t evacuate peple living there.
(2)The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night and it nearly ruined his health.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night， .(用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写)→The dctr I respect mst buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night， .(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
which nearly ruined his health
nearly ruining his health
• as if相当于as thugh，意为“似乎，好像”，用在seem，lk等系动 词之后引导表语从句。as if/thugh还可引导方式状语从句。• 若as if/thugh从句描述非现实情况，则用虚拟语气。 ①当从句表示与现在事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词一般用were)； ②当从句表示与过去事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用过去完成时 (had＋过去分词)； ③当从句表示与将来事实相反的情况时，谓语动词用 wuld/culd/might＋动词原形。
as if/thugh
(1)Listen，the whistle f an ambulance！It seems as if there (be) an emergency.(2)When a pencil is partly put int water，it lks as if it (be)brken.(3)似乎Mac的生命结束了。It seemed .
as if Mac’ s life had cme t an end
(4)树林里很黑，似乎每一簇灌木丛后面都有一头凶猛的野兽。她越这样想就越害怕。(读后续写之心理描写)It is dark in the wds.It seems as if _______________________________ .The mre she thinks f this，the mre frightened she is.(5)看起来好像他们可能会给我们一百万美元。但我知道这是不可能的。It seems as if .But I knw it is impssible.用法点拨　若从句描述的情况发生的可能性很大，则不用虚拟语气。
there were a fierce beast behind
they might/wuld give us a millin dllars
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还用于以下三种句型：• be abut t 正要做……突然……• be n the pint f 正要做……突然……• had (just) 刚做完……这时突然……
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my hme.我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
(1)我们正要离开时，隔壁房间突然发出了巨大的响声。We a big nise came frm the next rm.(2)我正在上网搜索相关信息，这时我的手机突然响了。 my cellphne rang.(3)我刚刚从着火的房子里逃出来，这时房子塌了。 it fell t the grund.
were abut t leave/were n the pint f leaving when
I was searching the Internet fr the relevant infrmatin when
I had just escaped frm the burning huse when
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
(1)When I entered the rm，the clck had just struck 10. ___ (2)As an ld saying ges，“Strike the irn while it’s ht.” Yu’d better g ver what yu have learned as sn as pssible. __ (3)The girl struck a match and the warm light filled the rm immediately. __
(4)They have been n strike fr several days t get a higher pay. __ (5)A big earthquake struck the area last week，which then caused a terrible tsunami. __ (6)It strikes us that we can fllw the stream back t the farmhuse. __
(1)The princess has been delivered f a healthy baby by. ___ (2)I’m having sme flwers delivered fr her birthday. __ (3)I feel greatly hnured t deliver a lecture n genetic engineering here. ___
(1)Deeply affected by the film，we culdn’t hld back tears. ___ (2)Hnestly speaking，the cming-f-age ceremny affects me greatly.(2020·天津，书面表达) __ (3)The fld affected the area greatly，destrying huses and causing many deaths. __
4.快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加颜色词汇的汉语意思(1)She was rushed t the hspital after suffering frm shck. ____(2)When we visited the ld family hme，past sweet memries came flding back. ________
1.He made a great effrt t save the girl (trap) in the burning huse.2. Wrking ut either indrs r utdrs regularly will (effect) yur fitness news that the athlete failed in the marathn due t a serius injury made us (shck).4. (bury) in reading the legend f a master in basketball，he didn’t make it t schl n time.
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
5.Hw can yu survive such a pr diet? Keeping slim desn’t make sense if yu’re nt healthy.6. Cmpared with thse wh are engaged in manual labr，teachers experience mre mental (suffer).7. struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending t understand what I didn’ stadium and the gym lay ruins after the big fire caused by careless smking.
9.The schlbys cmpete fiercely in the sccer match as if they _______ (cmpete) in a natinal win an hnur fr his cuntry，he didn’t give up even if he gt injured in the race， (set) a gd example t thers.
(2021·全国乙)——在线学习1.我觉得在线学习对我们学生有重大影响。(It strikes sb. that；effect)______________________________________________________________2.许多学生专心学习有益的在线课程，这既扩大了他们的视野也提高了他们的学习兴趣。(be buried in；现在分词短语作结果状语)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Ⅰ.单句写作——应用文增分练
It strikes me that nline learning has a great effect n us students.
Many students are buried in learning beneficial nline curses，bradening their hrizns and enhancing their learning interest.
3.然而，使我们震惊的是许多学生沉溺于在线游戏。(shck)____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4.这从长远看一定会毁掉他们的健康和希望。(ruin)______________________________________________________________
Hwever，what shcks us/what makes us shcked is that many students are addicted t nline games.
It will definitely ruin their health and hpe in the lng run.
5.尽管这个问题很难解决，我们应该不遗余力地帮助那些正在遭受网瘾之苦的人。(主语＋be＋adj.＋t d；thse wh...；suffer frm)___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Althugh/Thugh/While the prblem is difficult t handle，we shuld spare n effrt t help thse wh are suffering frm Internet addictin.
[教材续写语料]1.情感描写shck n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊in shck震惊；吃惊calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静→calmness n.镇静
Ⅱ.微型写作——续写提能练
2.动作描写slide vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动fld vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没rescue n.& vt.营救；救援trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n.险境；陷阱tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍aid n.援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.帮助；援助crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n.撞车；碰撞sweep vt.& vi.打扫；清扫wave n.海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过
3.环境描写in ruins严重受损；破败不堪in the pen air露天；在户外typhn n.台风hurricane n.(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
[续写语料运用]请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，并用适当的过渡词完成以下语段。汤姆震惊地发现水一直上涨。他被困在他的房子里，他的心一下子提到了嗓子眼。吓得僵住了，他站在那里一动不动，各种可怕的想法向他涌来。他是否可以在洪水中活下来还是个未知数。幸运的是，一些救援人员来帮助他了，给他带来了最后一线希望。镇静立即替代了心里不断增加的恐惧和不安。遭受了这么多，汤姆再也不能抑制自己的情绪，感激的泪水像断了线的珠子一样滚下他的脸颊。