2021兰州一中高三上学期期中考试英语试题含答案

兰州一中2020-2021-1学期期中考试试题

高  三  英  语

说明：本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。满分120分，考试时间100分钟。答案写在答题卡上，交卷时只交答题卡。

一. 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节(共10题：每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并填写答题卡上.

A

If you’re looking to buy a gift for your children, why not keep up with the trend and get the best hoverboard?

What is a Hoverboard?                

A hoverboard is a two-wheeled personal transportation device. It’s electrical, portable and became highly popular in 2015. Typically, this self-balancing device operates like a powered skateboard.

How Does a Hoverboard Work?

The device may have many designs, but the mechanism itself isn’t complicated. Basically, a standard hoverboard contains:

•Battery: stores the electrical power. Almost all hoverboards use a high-watt lithium-ion battery.

•Gyroscope (one for each wheel): allows riders to tilt (倾斜) the hoverboard while maintaining balance and adjusting their direction.

•Motor (one in each wheel): provides the power to the wheels to keep the rider balanced and upright.

•Logic board: functions as the hoverboard brain. It processes data—your speed, tilt, etc.—and sends information to the motors. This unit controls the power of the board so riders can adjust their speed.

All the above components work together to control the power and tilt of the hoverboards so the rider is balanced, upright and moving at a controlled speed.

Why Buy a Hoverboard?

Undoubtedly, hoverboards are cool. You’ve probably seen kids riding one around the house. They’re a phenomenon and everybody wants in. So, why deny your kids and prevent them from being part of this trend?

Where is a hoverboard legal?

Despite their wild popularity, hoverboards have yet to become “street-legal”. Currently, some places prohibit anyone under 16 from using these devices, and hoverboards are banned in academic institutions and public places, like campus buildings, parks, shopping malls and subway stations. Some places have also put speed limits on the devices and restricted their use to bike paths. However, open areas—including your yard—are free of these restrictions.

1. The logic board of a hoverboard can ______.

A．store electricity      B．power the wheels

C．send information to the riders

D．receive data and give command

2. According to the passage, you can see a hoverboard ______.

A．on campus        B．in parks     C．on bike paths      D．in shopping malls

3. What is the main purpose of this passage?

A．To evaluate a gift’s quality.          B．To suggest a gift option.

C．To compare new hoverboard models.

D．To explain functions of the latest hoverboards.

B

Name-calling，teasing，pushing and fighting-whether you have gone through it or not，it is quite definite that these are the things that turn up in your mind when you hear the word "bullying"．However，many of us know little about the serious，lasting harms bullying could cause．

If you've watched 13 Reasons Why，you'll understand the impacts that bullying can have．The second season of the popular US teenage drama was released on May 18．It tells the story of Hannah Baker，a high school student who takes her own life after she's picked on by fellow students，while others stand by and do nothing to help her．

One of the important messages audiences could get from the show is to treat people with kindness and respect．"It teaches us that every single thing we say and do has an impact on others，"news platform Odyssey concluded．

Some may think 13 Reasons Why exaggerates（夸大）the seriousness of school bullying，but according to the US National Center for Educational Statistics，more than 20 percent of US students were bullied in 2016，and only 36% of this group reported it．

NBA player Gerald Green opened up about being called "alien hands" during his teenage years due to his big hands．"Being bullied was embarrassing，" he said．"I still remember shying away from crowds and walking around with my hands in my pockets to evade the attention from my peers．" To get away with the teasing，he found his motivation by playing basketball and making a career out of it．But not everyone is so lucky to discover a release．

According to statistics released by the US government，if someone prevents a bully，there's a 57% chance that the bullying will stop within 10 seconds．So if you ever witness bullying，consider stepping up and supporting the victim．As US actor Brandon Flynn，who stars in 13 Reasons Why，said，"Just because you're not the one getting bullied，it doesn't mean it's not your problem．"

4.What is the purpose of the last paragraph？

A．To add more statistics．

B．To call on eyewitnesses to take action．

C．To introduce a new topic of the discussion．

D．To give people advice about dealing with bullying．

5. What does the US National Center for Educational Statistics indicate？　

A．Bullying isn't a serious problem in many schools．

B．School bullying can't cause too much pain．

C．Only a few people are concerned about bullying．

D．Many people who're bullied choose not to seek help．

6. What does the underlined word in Para．5 mean？　

A．Attract．         B．Focus．         C．Avoid．         D．Keep．

7. What does the text tell us about 13 Reasons Why？　

A．It overstates school bullying．

B．It was first shown on May 18．

C．It is mainly about school bullying．

D．It shows few people can report bullying．

C

As data and identity theft becomes more and more common，the market is growing for biometric（生物测量）technologies--like fingerprint scans--to keep others out of private e-spaces．At present，these technologies are still costly，though．

Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device that gets around this problem：a smart keyboard．This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key．The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses．These patterns are unique to each person．Thus，the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension，whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to-- regardless of whether someone gets the password right．

A new type of technology is not a necessity that people aren't already familiar with in the case．Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently．

In a study describing the technology，the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word "touch" four times using the smart keyboard．Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed，with very low error rates．The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive，plastic-like parts．The team hopes to make it to market in the near future．

8. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard？　

A．To reduce pressure on keys．         B．To improve accuracy in typing．

C．To replace the password system．     D．To cut the cost of e-space protection．

9. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible？　

A．Computers are much easier to operate．

B．Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast．

C．Typing patterns vary from person to person．

D．Data security measures are guaranteed．

10. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard？　

A．It'll be environment﹣friendly.        B．It'll be available to customers soon．

C．It'll be made of plastics．          D．It'll help speed up typing．

11. What does the underlined sentence in the 3rd paragraph mean？　　

A．Scientists will explore a new type of technology related to the smart phones.

B．People are not familiar with the smartphone．

C．The smart phone doesn’t need any technology．

D．The present technology can support the produce of the smartphone．

D

Cursive（手写体）is about to become extinct．Do we raise the red flag？To teach or not to teach cursive is the question that several state education departments are struggling with．

Before you read the following，do a simple exercise．Pick a pen and paper and start writing in cursive．Yes，that fancy handwriting that you learned in grade school．You may not have forgotten the good times you had while writing loopy Ps and Gs as well as curly Ms and Ns．However，the chances are that you won't be able to write it as excellently as you used to．Some people are good at making the perfect loops and curls，while some are bad．I am still terrible at it．

Cursive is hardly used by kids anymore as even adults don't write in this style，unless they are using it for their signature．Learning this handwriting was a usual practice in school for several decades．However，in 201l，the Indiana Department of Education made it optional for schools to teach cursive writing to the students．In fact，there were 46 more states who have done the same．

There are some who believe that it is high time for cursive to retire from school curriculum．After all，if we don't leave the past behind，we cannot make way for new things．If you walk into any classroom，you would find children using keyboards to communicate in written form．On the other hand，fans of this cursive insist on its usefulness．They remind us if we stop teaching and learning cursive in schools，very soon most of our historical documents will become hard to us．

Where do we stand on this subject？Is it the right time to erase an almost forgotten handwriting and live in the keyboarding world？Or can we do both without compromising on our school curriculum？Let me know your preference on this matter by leaving a comment in the section below．

12. People use cursive when they _________．

A．give their signature             B．are in Indiana

C．grow up as adults             D．are at school

13. In Indiana school，children        　 　．

A．must learn cursive                     B．are interested in cursive

C．can choose to learn cursive              D．learn cursive every day

14. It can be inferred that the author ___________．

A．prefers to learn cursive             B．is a cursive teacher

C．is open to different views on cursive

D．is a very famous expert in education

15. What would be the best title for the passage？　

A．Cursive Writing: Necessary or not？       B．Is Keyboarding World Good？

C．A Keyboarding World                   D．Advantages of Cursive

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

One of the reasons why Americans don’t get ample exercise is that they feel they are always occupied. It can be difficult to squeeze in the 75 minutes of aerobic (有氧的) exercise per week that official guidelines recommend.    16  

In a new analysis of 14 studies, researchers tracked deaths among more than 232,000 people from the U.S., Denmark, the U.K. and China over at least five years, and compared the findings with people’s self-reports about how much they ran. People who said they ran any amount were less likely to die than those who didn’t run at all.   17   This was true even for those who didn’t run a great deal of time. The analysis divided people into groups, with 50 minutes or less per week representing the group that ran the least—but still ran. “Regardless of how much you run, you can expect such benefits,” says Zeljko Pedisic, one of the authors of the new analysis published in the British Journal of Sports Medicine.

The analysis is the latest to demonstrate the benefits of running on the human body. It’s what we evolved (进化) to do.   18   But as leisure-time exercise, running keeps us healthy. “One of the best ways to avoid having to see a doctor,” Zeljko says, “is to stay physically active.”

  19   Running is good at guarding against cancer partly because it uses up blood sugar, starving the cancer cells that rely on it for fuel. And it protects you in other ways not necessarily measured in the latest research: by decreasing inflammation (炎症), for example, which is at the root of many diseases, and stimulating the production of a protein that improves brain health.

  20   Neither were how often people ran and the pace they kept. As long as you’re running, more isn’t always better, especially considering that the risk of injury increases with repetition. 

1.     People may no longer hunt wild animals for their next meal.
2.     The physical demands of running affect our body in a beneficial way.
3.     Some people run to prevent disease, and others run because it makes them feel better.
4.     Runners were 27% less likely to die for any reason, compared to nonrunners.
5. But researchers point out, to infer something like that, they need the whole population       measured.
6. But a new research suggests people may be able to get life-lengthening benefits by running for far less time.
7. The good news is that running more than 50 minutes per week had nothing to do with                            additional protections against dying.

二.完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并填写在答题卡上。

I enjoy feeding a colorful group of birds in my garden．On the ground，I put out black—oiled sunflower seeds，broken peanuts，and  21  grapes and apples．Some birds respond for their daily  22  when I call out the names I’ve given them．

About three years ago，I noticed a newcomer to this festive  23  ．It was a baby chipmunk（金花鼠），apparently on its own．Over that summer，I watched it  24  ．The next summer， the chipmunk was  25  ，and l wondered whether it would  26  me to feed it by hand．I named it Chip．

I decided to adopt the  27  I use to persuade wild cats to come close for food：patience，a soft voice，slow gestures and  28  ．

Before Chip would  29  ，I’d put down its favorite  30  ，sunflower seeds，bent down and keep very  31  ．I’d leave my  32  hand in place，unmoving，so the animal would know l wouldn’t  33  it．I continued doing this for a few weeks．

Finally，late in that second summer，Chip did  34  more trust．One day as I  35  a seed in my fingertips，it approached and carefully took the seed into its mouth．

After about two months of this  36  ，I went further．With my finger，I touched its back 37  once．Chip stayed  38 ，eating seeds，before rushing into the bushes．Today，the chipmunk comes out of hiding when I call its name，and lets me pet its soft，silky body．

I’ve developed a greater respect for nature and its  39  and the opportunity to  40  ，protect and save wildlife．

21．A．deserted     B．stolen      C．cut       D．exported

22．A．meeting     B．breaking      C．fighting      D．feeding

23．A．occasion     B．change      C．advance      D．progress

24．A．compromise   B．grow       C．disappear      D．recover

25．A．over      B．off       C．behind      D．back

26．A．trust      B．encourage      C．defend      D．invite

27．A．adaptation    B．methods      C．distinction      D．advantages

28．A．responsibility  B．introduction     C．repetition      D．judgement

29．A．approach     B．run       C．fly       D．awake

30．A．cage      B．name       C．music      D．food

31．A．serious     B．still       C．polite       D．awake

32．A．bare      B．dirty       C．white       D．open

33．A．grab      B．left       C．exchange      D．search

34．A．receive     B．show       C．earn       D．understand

35．A．gathered     B．sprayed      C．offered      D．hid

36．A．record     B．exhibition      C．respect      D．routine

37．A．gently      B．hopefully      C．powerfully     D．guiltily

38．A．nervous     B．trapped      C．calm       D．thirsty

39．A．plants        B．art       C．creatures      D．adventure

40．A．visit      B．observe      C．represent      D．select

三. 语法填空：（每空1.5分，共15分）

In December 2019, there was a cluster of pneumonia（肺炎）41._______ (case) in China. Investigations found that it was caused by a 42.________ (previous) unknown virus – now named the 2019 Novel Coronavirus. It 43.____________ (identify) first in China, 44._______ occurred in a group of people with pneumonia who’d been associated 45._________a seafood and live animal market in the city of Wuhan. The disease spread from those who were sick to others, 46.________ (include) family members and health care staff. 47.__________ (fight) against the epidemic, the Chinese people united even stronger than ever before, and they made 48.________. China also helped other countries in the same situation, 49.________ (make) its positive image all over the world 50.__________(strengthen).

四. 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

文中共有10处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；  

2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

It was Monday yeaterday．My friend Li Hua went to school with his homework unfinishing．He played online games all through the weekend．It was too late when he founded he had homework to do．To avoid punished，he told his teacher that a dog eats his homework．Obviously，it was just an excuse he made to cover the fact which he hadn’t done his homework．The teacher certainly knew about that and made them stay after school．Sometimes we think we can avoid trouble by making excuse when we do something wrongly．Therefore，we are really making problems worse instead of．

五. 书面表达  （25分）

假如你是李华，打算竞选学校英语俱乐部主席，请写一篇竞选演讲稿。内容包括：

1. 个人优势

2. 中选后的设想

参考词汇：竞选run for

注意：1. 字数100字左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；

3. 演讲稿的开头已为你写好，不计入总字数。

Good afternoon, my dear friends，