2021吕梁高三上学期第一次模拟英语试题（含听力）含解析

这是一份2021吕梁高三上学期第一次模拟英语试题（含听力）含解析，共26页。试卷主要包含了本试卷分第I卷两部分，答题前,考生务必用0，听力部分满分30分,不计入总分，考试结束后，将答题卡交回，15等内容，欢迎下载使用。

吕梁市2020 - 2021学年度高三年级第一次模拟考试
英语
（本试题满分150分，考试时间120分钟。）
注意事项：
1.本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
2.答题前,考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息。
3.考试作答时，请将答案正确地填写在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
4.听力部分满分30分,不计入总分。
5.考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
第I卷选择题
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷 的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.
答案是C。
1. What troubles the man?
A. The phone rings. B. The poor service. C. The TV noise.
2. What is Jack's house like?
A. It is small. B. It is messy. C. It is clean.
3. Which shirt will the man probably wear?
A. The blue one. B. The orange one. C. The white one.
4. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Rest at home. B. Go outdoors. C. Watch a football match.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. She will take a boat tour. B. She will work on the ship.
C. She will be busy this summer.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选 项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题 将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What was the man doing?
A. Making a plan. B. Having a party. C. Calling his friend.
7. Who is the woman probably?
A. The man's friend. B. The man's neighbor. C. A policewoman.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题
8. What happened to the woman this morning?
A. She got up late. B. She lost her bike.
C. She quarreled with her brother.
9. How did I he woman go to school today?
A. On foot. B. By bike. C. By bus.
10. What did the woman leave at home?
A. Her wallet. B. Her keys. C. Her schoolbag.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. How many tickets does the woman want?
A. 2. B. 3. C. 5.
12. When should the woman arrive at the theater?
A. At 2:30. B. At 3:00. C. At 3:15.
13. What does the woman want to know about at last?
A. Information about Children's Club.
B. The prices of the tickets.
C. The show time.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What is the man doing?
A. Doing a survey. B. Applying for a job. C. Sharing his reading habits.
15. What does the woman spend two or three hours every week doing?
A Reading newspapers. B. Reading textbooks. C. Reading novels.
16. What is the woman busy doing at night these days?
A. Preparing for an exam. B. Reading novels. C. Taking a class.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Whom does London Teenagers' Help raise donations for?
A. Children. B. Women. C. Old people.
18. How many people were killed in the great floods?
A. At least 242. B. About 5,000. C. Around 18,600.
19. What are the flood victims Badly in need of?
A. Food. B. Clothes. C. Waler.
20. How can people contact London Teenagers' Help?
A. By writing letters. B. By going to the office directly.
C. By phone or through the Internet.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出最佳选项。
A
The holiday season is upon us and though they may feel a bit different this year — without large get-togethers, the holidays themselves are certainly not canceled. December is filled with celebrations. Here are some of the most unusual ways people bring the festivities home — all around the world.
Kentucky Fried Christmas
Japan
Kentucky Fried chicken might not be the first thing that comes to mind when you think of Christmas, but over the years, it has become quite the holiday tradition in Japan. In order to ensure you get your hands in a holiday bucket, it is suggested that you order in advance, as nearly 4 million people choose KFC as their Christmas dinner.
Throwing of the Shoe
Czech Republic
This Christians tradition has nothing to do with trimming trees or singing carols. Rather, young women step outside their homes on Christmas Eve and instead of waiting for Santa, they throw a shoe over their shoulders. How it land is said to predict if the woman will marry next year.
Burning Effigies
Ecuador
New year's Eve comes with a whole set of traditions and customers to symbolically leave the previous year behind. Here, “monigotes” — figures that represent what went wrong in the last year, sometimes politicians are then burned into the night.
Sauna Visit
Estonia
This is a holiday tradition most people would happily get behind. On Christmas Eve, after spending the day setting up for the following day's festivities, it is traditional to sweat it out in sauna with your family.
1. Which holiday tradition do you need to book in advance?
A. Sauna Visit. B. Burning Effigies.
C. Throwing of the Shoe. D. Kentucky Fried Christmas.
2. If a young woman throws a shoe over her shoulder on Christmas Eve, she wants to know_____
A. whether she will get promoted. B. how much money she will make.
C. whether she will get married or not. D. how many new friends she will make.
3. Where is the text probably from?
A. A science fiction. B. A news magazine.
C. A travel brochure. D. A government report.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了疫情之下，世界各地人们把节日带回家的几种不寻常的方式。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In order to ensure you get your hands in a holiday bucket, it is suggested that you order in advance, as nearly 4 million people choose KFC as their Christmas dinner.(为了确保你能买到假日桶，建议你提前订购，因为近400万人选择肯德基作为他们的圣诞晚餐)”可知，在日本要在圣诞节吃肯德基需要提前预定。故此题选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Rather, young women step outside their homes on Christmas Eve and instead of waiting for Santa, they throw a shoe over their shoulders. How it land is said to predict if the woman will marry next year.(相反，年轻女性在平安夜走出家门，而不是等待圣诞老人，她们把鞋子扔在肩上。据说这样做可以预测这个女人明年是否结婚)”可知，年轻女性在平安夜将鞋子扔在肩上是想看看她明年是否会结婚。故此题选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The holiday season is upon us and though they may feel a bit different this year — without large get-togethers, the holidays themselves are certainly not canceled. ”（假期就要到了，尽管今年它们可能会感觉有些不同——没有大型聚会，但假期本身肯定不会取消）以及“Here are some of the most unusual ways people bring the festivities home — all around the world.(以下是世界各地人们庆祝节日的一些最不寻常的方式)”可知，介绍了疫情之下，世界各地人们把节日带回家的几种不寻常的方式，属于新闻范畴。由此推断出，本文应该出自一本新闻杂志。故此题选B。
B
I was sent to the Persian Gulf War in 1991. Married for only a year and a half, I was missing my wife and baby daughter. In the years before cell phones and Wi-Fi, we had limited opportunities to communicate with loved ones.
One night while sitting by myself, I investigated the “Any Soldier" mailbox, an old cardboard box with letters and packages from Americans. I chose one shoebox-size package. Inside was a bag of cookies. Underneath, I found about 20 cards from children. At the bottom was a letter from their teacher in Ohio explaining how her kids had put the box together and how they supported our efforts in the war.
I was truly touched by this gesture and decided to write a letter of gratitude. I thanked the teacher for what her children had done - its impact on me. For security reasons, I was able to sign only my name.
Around 2013, I received a Facebook friend request from a woman with whom I shared no contacts. I replied that unless we were friends, I could not accept her request. Her reply stuck with me.
“Dear sir," she wrote. "We have never met, but in 1991 I was a second-grade teacher at a school in Ohio and our classroom sent a care package addressed to ‘Any Service Member.' The thank-you letter you composed was framed and has been post on the wall of the school for more than 20 years. I wanted to again thank you for your service to our country. God bless you."
We never spoke again, but this teacher strengthen my belief in doing what my mother always taught me: Write thank -you notes - you never know how many people your kindness can touch.
4. Why did the children send the cards to the soldiers?
A. To finish the task that was assigned by their teacher.
B. To express their support to the soldiers, efforts in the war.
C. To write down their dreams that they wished to realize.
D. To show their high skills in making those brilliant cards.
5. What did the author find in the package?
a. A shoe box
b. A bag of cookies
c. About twenty cards
d. A letter from a teacher
A. bcd B. abc
C. abd D. abd
6. What can we learn from the passage?
A. The package was addressed to the author himself.
B. The author connected with his family via the Internet.
C. The author met the teacher in person around 2013.
D. The Facebook friend request was refused at first.
7. Which of the following would be the most proper title for the text?
A. To any soldier B. A letter for me
C. A kind teacher D. Lovely children
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文，全文主要讲述了“我”在服役期间收到一个特别的包裹，出于感动写了一封回信，多年之后在机缘巧合之下又重新和老师取得联系，这是一个充满善意与感动的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“At the bottom was a letter from their teacher in Ohio explaining how her kids had put the box together and how they supported our efforts in the war.(在包裹的底部有一封在来自他们在俄亥俄州的老师的信，解释她的孩子们如何把箱子拼在一起，以及他们如何支持我们在战争中的努力。)”可知在这封信中，孩子们表达了对士兵在战争中辛苦付出的支持，B选项准确契合原文的“they supported our efforts in the war”，故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“I chose one shoebox-size package. Inside was a bag of cookies. Underneath, I found about 20 cards from children. At the bottom was a letter from their teacher（我挑中了一个鞋盒大小的包裹，里面是一袋饼干。饼干下面，我发现了大约20张孩子们送的卡片，最底部是一封信，出自孩子们的老师之手）”可知，我选择的这个包裹里面有一袋饼干（a bag of cookies），20张卡片（20 cards）以及来自老师的一封信（a letter from their teacher），即bcd三种东西，注意这里是shoebox-size package（鞋盒般尺寸大小的包裹）而不是有a中的a shoe box（一个鞋盒），故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据原文第四段“Around 2013, I received a Facebook friend request from a woman with whom I shared no contacts. I replied that unless we were friends, I could not accept her request.（在2013年左右，我收到过一个脸书好友申请，来自一名不在我通讯录中的陌生女士，我回复说除非我们是朋友，否则我不能通过好友申请。）”可知，一开始这一脸书好友申请是被拒绝的，D正确，故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。全文主要讲述了“我”在服役期间收到一个特别的包裹，出于感动写了一封回信，多年之后在机缘巧合之下又重新和这位老师取得联系，这是一个充满善意与感动的故事。这个故事既关于一个善良美好的老师，也关于一群可爱的孩子，因此选择其中任何一项作为标题都是片面的。而这个故事缘起于“I investigated the ‘Any Soldier’ mailbox”，我去探寻一个收信人为“任何一名士兵”的邮箱，且这个故事中孩子们和老师表达的也是对全体士兵，对“Any Soldier”的感谢，A作为标题既以表达故事的缘起，制造了悬念，又准确点出故事的内核，故选A。
C
Hidden in the rolling mountains of the southeast Chinese province of Fujian is a series of giant multistoried homes built with wood and defended with mud walls. Mostly built between the I5th and 20th centuries, these shared homes purposefully nestle among tea, tobacco, rice fields and thick forests of pine and bamboo.
These structures are known as the Fujian Tulou. Throughout history, their residents have mostly been Hakka - migrants in southern China who originated from lands next to the Yellow River. Population pressures created conflicts between the Hakka and their neighbors, so they built their homes to double as fortification(防御) structures.
Walls are up to 5 feet thick and can reach 60 feet high. Defensive features include iron gates, underground escape tunnels, tiled roofs, a water well, and a backup stock of grains and livestock in the event of a lengthy conflict. The buildings, usually three to four stories, are symmetrical (对称的) in their shapes — this means that in the event of a conflict there are no blind spots.
While tulou translates as “earthen building” in Chinese, the construction materials are made up of far more than just mud. The foundations of the structures are made of local river stones and the walls are made of fine mud sourced from rice fields. The mud is reinforced(加固) with bamboo mixed with sand and lime, and then compacted(压实) with a thick stick.
While similar in layout, each tulou is unique. The Yuchang Building, built in 1308, is the oldest and tallest and known for its lilted pillars, some of which lean at a sharp 15-degree angle. The Hegui Building is the largest rectangular(矩形的)one, covering an area of nearly 1,300 square meters. The Chengqi Building is the most massive in size, with about 400 rooms.
Because of the economic draw of the neighboring cities, there's been a great loss of residents over the last 25 years. Today the structures that once housed thousands of people are only home to a couple of dozen permanent residents, most of them elderly. In 2008, 46 tulous were given World Heritage status by UNESCO. The growth of tourism in the area not only has kept the buildings from being destroyed, hut also has promoted local businesses and allowed tulou to remain living and functional relics.
8. What's the original purpose of Hakka’s building tulou?
A. To live in harmony with nature.
B. To make themselves more space to live.
C To protect them from being attacked.
D. To attract visitors to appreciate the scenery.
9. What function do the symmetrical shapes of the buildings have?
A. To keep the buildings balanced.
B. To increase the space to live in.
C. To make the buildings more attractive.
D. To ensure they can attack enemies in all directions.
10. How many different tulou buildings are mentioned in paragraph 5?
A. Three. B. Four.
C. Five. D. Only one.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. The traditional structures have perfect defensive systems.
B. The tourism in the area benefits the structures significantly.
C. Most of the permanent residents in the structures now are the elderly.
D. The traditional structures are disappearing with economic development.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了福建土楼的特点和功能，还介绍了福建土楼的现状。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Population pressures created conflicts between the Hakka and their neighbors, so they built their homes to double as fortification structures.(人口压力造成了客家人与邻居们之间的矛盾，所以他们把自己的房子盖成了防御结构)”可知，福建土楼最初的功能就是起防御作用，即保护自己免受攻击。故此题选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“The buildings, usually three to four stories, are symmetrical in their shapes — this means that in the event of a conflict there are no blind spots.( 这些建筑通常有三到四层，形状对称，这意味着在发生冲突时没有盲点)”可知，福建土楼修建成这种形状是为了在战争中可以全方位攻击敌人。故此题选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The Yuchang Building”、“The Hegui Building”以及“The Chengqi Building”可知，本段提到了这三种土楼。故此题选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The growth of tourism in the area not only has kept the buildings from being destroyed, but also has promoted local businesses and allowed tulou to remain living and functional relics.(该地区旅游业的发展不仅使建筑免遭破坏，而且还促进了当地的商业活动，使土楼得以保留下来)”可知，旅游业让福建土楼得以保留。由此推断出，旅游业对于福建土楼影响重大。故此题选B。
D
Robots will be used to charge electric cars al only a small part of the price of installing fixed roadside charging devices.
A fleet of autonomous charging devices is being developed that will seek out vehicles running low on battery power with little involvement from the human driver. Volkswagen, the German car maker, said that a sample of the robot had been developed. The move would help to allay concern over the shortage of roadside charge points needed to support the rising demand for electric cars. A recent report by the International Council on Clean Transportation found that Britain has only 5 per cent of the roadside chargers that will be needed by 2030. It can cost thousands of pounds to install a charger, which involves feeding a power supply to the roadside or car park and installing charging structure. VW Group Components, a subsidiary of the car maker, is developing innovations that would cut the cost of charging. One idea involves creating multiple mobile energy units that can be charged in a single location, such as a car park, and then moved into position next to a car. Such “quick charging stations” have been developed and are likely to be introduced early next year.
To improve the technology, the company is developing a robot that ran move the charger into position and complete the process with no human input. When activated via an app, the robot would take the charger to the car, open the socket flap on the vehicle and connect the charging wire. The system would “enable operators to quickly and simply ‘electrify’ every parking space using the mobile charging robot”, the company said, which would reduce the construction work needed as well as the cost.
12. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “allay” in the second paragraph?
A. rise. B. reuse.
C. reply. D. reduce.
13. We can learn from the passage that___________
A. the robots have been used to charge electric cars.
B. the robots can be used with the help of humans.
C. a driver can use the robots by downloading an app.
D. it can cost thousands of pounds to develop a robot.
14. How can the charging cost be cut according to the text?
A. By increasing the human input.
B. By installing more roadside chargers.
C. By developing “quick charging station”.
D. By decreasing the price of charging vehicles.
15. What's the main idea of the text?
A. It is much cheaper to use robots than to use humans.
B. The robots will connect the charger to the electric car.
C. It costs more to install a fixed roadside charging devices.
D. The robots will be used to seek out vehicles with low power.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，德国大众汽车公司开发一款充电机器人解决驾驶电动车出行出现电池电量不足却没地方充电的难题。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据所猜词后一句“A recent report by the International Council on Clean Transportation found that Britain has only 5 per cent of the roadside chargers that will be needed by 2030.(国际清洁运输理事会最近的一份报告发现，英国到2030年所需的路边充电器只占5%)”可知，当大众的这款充电机器人研发出来之后，路上所需要的充电桩就会减少很多。由此可以推断出，充电机器人的出现可以减少人们对路边充电点短缺的担忧，故“allay”的意思为“减少”。故此题选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“When activated via an app, the robot would take the charger to the car, open the socket flap on the vehicle and connect the charging wire.(当通过应用程序激活时，机器人会把充电器带到车上，打开车上的插座盖，然后连接充电线)”可知，司机要使用机器人充电需要下载APP。故此题选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段端末“VW Group Components, a subsidiary of the car maker, is developing innovations that would cut the cost of charging. One idea involves creating multiple mobile energy units that can be charged in a single location, such as a car park, and then moved into position next to a car. (大众汽车旗下的子公司大众集团零部件公司正在研发降低充电成本的创新技术。其中一个想法是创建多个移动能源单元，这些单元可以在一个地方充电，比如停车场，然后移动到汽车旁边的位置。)”可知，减少充电费用的方式就是创立快速充电站。故此题选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Robots will be used to charge electric cars al only a small part of the price of installing fixed roadside charging devices. (机器人将被用来为电动汽车充电，价格仅为安装路边固定充电设备的一小部分)”以及第二段“Volkswagen, the German car maker, said that a sample of the robot had been developed.(德国汽车制造商大众表示，该机器人的一个样品已经研发出来)”可知，本文主要介绍了德国大众汽车公司开发的一款充电机器人解决驾驶电动车出行出现电池电量不足却没地方充电的难题，即机器人将把充电器连接到电动汽车上。故此题选B。
第二节（共5小题;每小题3分，满分15分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Drugs are chemicals that change the way a person's body works. You've probably heard that drugs are bad for you, but what does that mean and why are they bad?
Medicines Are Legal Drugs
___16___ you already know about one kind of drugs. Medicines are legal drugs, meaning doctors are allowed to prescribe them for patients, stores can sell them, and people are allowed to buy them.
Illegal Drugs
When people talk about a "drug problem", they usually mean abusing legal drugs or using illegal drugs, such as cocaine（冰毒）and heroin to get “high”.
___17___
Illegal drugs aren't good for anyone, but they are particularly bad for a kid or teen whose body is still growing。 Illegal drugs can damage the brain, heart, and other important organs. Cocaine, for instance, can cause a heart attack - even in a kid or teen. While using drugs, people are also less able to do well in school, sports, and other activities. It's often harder to think clearly and make good decisions. ____18____
Why Do People Use Illegal Drugs?
Sometimes kids and teens try drugs to fit in with a group of friends. ___19___ Someone may use illegal drugs for many reasons, but often because they help the person escape from reality for a while.
___20___ And using drugs often causes other problems on top of the problems the person had in the first place. Somebody who uses drugs might need professional help to slop using drugs. A grownup can help the person find the treatment needed to stop using drugs. Another way kids can help kids is by choosing not to try or use drugs.
A. Why Are Illegal Drugs Dangerous?
B. Are Illegal Drugs Dangerous for People?
C. Drugs don’t solve problems, of course.
D. Or they might be curious or just bored.
E. When you are not feeling well or right,
F. If you've ever been sick and had to take medicine,
G. People can do dangerous things when they use drugs.
【答案】16. F 17. A 18. G 19. D 20. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，对“药物”的相关知识进行了详细讲解，既谈及生病时所吃的药（medicine），也介绍了非法药物（illegal drugs）的巨大危害性。
【16题详解】
本空是一个半句，根据小标题及其后“Medicines are legal drugs, meaning doctors are allowed to prescribe them for patients, stores can sell them, and people are allowed to buy them.”可以看出生病时医生开出的药物属于合法药物，医生能开，药店能销售，普通人也被允许购买。因此本段在说的是“生病吃药”这一方面的内容，当你生病了，不得不吃药时，就已经提前知道、了解了一种药物（再去吃）。F符合本段语境，且sick和medicine等关键词也与本段内容呼应，故选F。
【17题详解】
该空处于小标题的位置，属于对下文段落的概括。通读全段内容可知，本段介绍的是毒品等非法药物对人的巨大危害性，“Illegal drugs can damage the brain, heart, and other important organs. Cocaine, for instance, can cause a heart attack - even in a kid or teen.”等句子明确地说明了巨大危害性的体现，包括对脑部、心脏、其它重要器官的损伤，哪怕在青少年时期，也可能因这些药物而突发心脏病。A选项“为什么非法药物是危险的？”准确恰当，故选A。
【18题详解】
该空上一句“It's often harder to think clearly and make good decisions.”（嗑药之后常常难以清晰地思考并做出正确决策），可推断在脑子不清醒的情况下，接下来很可能会做出危险的事情，G选项“当人们使用这些药物时，可能会做出危险的事”承接上一句的语境，正确，故选G。
【19题详解】
根据本段标题“Why Do People Use Illegal Drugs?”可知，本段介绍为什么有人会去使用非法药物，该空上文“Sometimes kids and teens try drugs to fit in with a group of friends.”说明为了合群，下文“Someone may use illegal drugs for many reasons, but often because they help the person escape from reality for a while.”（有很多原因，但常是因为这些非法药物帮助人们短暂逃离现实）说明四为了短暂逃离现实，上下文都是列举原因，可推测位于中间的这个空也是列举原因，D选项“或者他们可能是出于好奇，或者仅仅是觉得无聊”符合这一内容，故选D。
【20题详解】
根据该空下一句“And using drugs often causes other problems on top of the problems the person had in the first place.”（并且嗑药经常会导致其它的问题，这些问题比人们一开始遇到的问题要严重多了）可推知上一句讲的是“嗑药当然不能解决问题”，C选项符合语境，且problems与下一句的other problems和the problems the person had in the first place相互呼应，逻辑严密，故选C。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共20小题;每小题2分，满分40分）
阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的a、B、C ，D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was at work one day when I had my first seizure (发作), I woke up in n(an) ___21___ and had no idea what was happening. A colleague I’d known was in the ambulance with me and although I was very confused. I was ___22___ that I recognized her face, at least. I was finally diagnosed ___23___ epilepsy(癫痫).which was a huge ___24___ to me.
The hardest thing in the early days was losing my ___25___ I had to rely on my family to do everyday things, like taking a bath, ___26___ we never knew when a seizure could hit, I also suffered with brain fog and ___27___ loss which was both frustrating and ___28___ . And then there was the added knowledge that I could ___29___ at any moment.
A friend suggested I try yoga, so I started doing a few classes a week and it proved to belief-changing. There were _____30_____ benefits, for sure, but more important were the changes it brought to my thinking. I knew I needed to ______31______my lifestyle if 1 wanted to stay well in the long term, so I became a yoga _____32_____ . All these have made a huge _____33_____ to my health. I've been seizure-free for more than two years now and I'm living a life I never thought was _____34_____ . I feel genuinely happy every day and I think it's because teaching yoga makes me feel like 1'm _____35_____ to society in a positive way. When I teach, I let _____36_____ know that we're all different _____37_____ we're all doing our best, and when 1 tell my students not to _____38_____ to life, it's a good _____39_____ for me, too.
1 am so _____40_____ for my experience.
21. A. hospital B. clinic C. ambulance D. office
22. A. relieved B. terrified C. confident D. nervous
23. A. with B. by C. for D. about
24. A. surprise B. mistake C. disease D. blow
25. A. confidence B. independence C. freedom D. consciousness
26. A. when B. unless C. because D. so
27. A. eyesight B. hearing C. feeling D. memory
28. A. amazing B. embarrassing C. amusing D. puzzling
29 A. recover B. sleep C. die D. lie
30. A. mental B. physical C. inner D. psychological
31. A. change B. choose C. exchange D. challenge
32. A. coach B. student C. fan D. founder
33. A. effect B. sense C. difference D. effort
34. A. meaningful B. colorful C. proper D. possible
35. A. donating B. contributing C. attributing D. comparing
36. A. anyone B. someone C. no one D. everyone
37. A. so B. but C. and D. or
38. A. give in B. give up C. give out D. give off
39. A. problem B. opportunity C. manners D. reminder
40. A. anxious B. famous C. grateful D. ready
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在21岁时意外被诊断出癫痫，生活不能自理。但是作者没有选择放弃，而是通过练习瑜伽，在身心方面受益匪浅，决心改变自我，自立自强，当一名瑜伽老师，去打动、帮助更多的人。
【21题详解】
考查名词。句意：我醒来的时候在一辆救护车里，完全不知道发生了什么。A. hospital医院；B. clinic卫生所，医务室；C. ambulance救护车；D. office办公室。根据后文提示“A colleague I’d known was in the ambulance with me”（一名我认识的同事在救护车上陪着我）可推知醒来的时候我发现自己在救护车上，故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我当时还不知道怎么回事（十分困惑），但是让我感到宽慰的是我至少认出了我的同事。A. relieved感到宽慰的；B. terrified害怕的；C. confident自信的；D. nervous紧张的。“我”第一次疾病发作晕了过去，醒来的时候发现自己在救护车里，对发生的一切茫然不知，但至少我能认出我的同事来，这稍稍让我宽慰放心了些，减轻了焦虑，A的心情状态符合此处语境，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查介词搭配。句意：我最终被确诊癫痫，这对我来说是个巨大的打击。A. with表伴随，有；B. by通过……方式；C. for为了；D. about关于。be diagnosed with为固定搭配，意为“被诊断为，被确诊患有”，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最终被确诊癫痫，这对我来说是个巨大的打击。A. surprise惊喜，惊奇；B. mistake错误；C. disease疾病；D. blow打击，挫折。对“我”来说，被确诊这样的疾病是个巨大的打击，综合全文，主题也围绕“从人生重大挫折中走出来”展开，D符合语境，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始的日子里，最艰难的事情是我丧失了自理能力，我不得不依赖于我的家人，去完成每天的日常事务。A. confidence自信；B. independence独立性，自立性，（生活）自理；C. freedom自由；D. consciousness意识，知觉；根据该空后的“I had to rely on my family to do everyday things, like taking a bath”，从rely on（依赖）可以看出我生活不能自理，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我不得不依赖于我的家人，去完成每天的日常事务，例如洗澡，因为我们从不知道癫痫什么时候会突然发作。A. when当……的时候；B. unless除非；C. because因为；D. so所以。因为我们不知道什么时候癫痫会突然发作，如果一个人自己在浴室洗澡，突然发作了就极其危险，所以我生活没法自理，没法一个人独立生活完成日常的事，必须依赖于我的家人。此处的逻辑关系是“因为”，其后接必须依赖于家人的原因，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还饱受脑雾之苦，大脑难以形成清晰的思维和记忆。A. eyesight视力；B. hearing听力；C. feeling感觉，感受；D. memory记忆。完成本题时，对于专业医学术语brain fog，我们难以知道其具体症状，但可合理推知其与大脑（brain）高度相关，四个选项中表示“记忆思维”的memory与大脑的核心功能（思考）关联度最高，D最符合语境，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种症状令人既沮丧懊恼又十分尴尬。A. amazing令人惊讶的；B. embarrassing尴尬的；C. amusing有趣的，好玩的；D. puzzling令人迷惑的，令人费解的。“我”会丧失记忆思维，这在生活中肯定会发生许多令人尴尬的事，只有B恰当，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：接着我又另外得知，我还随时有死亡的危险。A. recover康复，治愈；B. sleep睡觉；C. die死亡；D. lie躺下。这一疾病对我来说是个重大的打击，我失去了生活自理能力，还有脑雾，丧失记忆，可见我的情况非同小可，应该较为严重，据此推知此处表达的是，我还随时有死亡的危险，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这当然有身体上的好处，但更重要的是它在精神层面给我带来的改变。A. mental精神的；B. physical身体上的，物理上的；C. inner内心的，精神的；D. psychological心理学上的，精神上的。联系上文，练习瑜伽最直接的益处是身体上的，同时根据此处but联结起来的前后半句，与thinking等精神上的益处相对的是身体上的好处，即B选项，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道如果我想要长久保持良好的状态（活得久，病情不恶化）的话，就得改变自己（原有的）生活方式。A. change改变；B. choose选择；C. exchange交换；D. challenge挑战。患病之后自己生活不能自理，心情也比较消沉，想要活得久，就必须改变这种生活状态（方式），故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我成为了一名瑜伽教练。A. coach教练；B. student 学生；C. fan粉丝；D. founder创立者，创办人。仅从上文和本句难以判断出“我”此时是教练还是学生，但从下文“it's because teaching yoga makes me feel like 1'm...”“When I teach, I let…”“I tell my students…”可判断出此处是指“教”而非“学”，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析与固定短语。句意：所有的这些对我的健康状况产生了巨大的影响（改变了我的健康状况，使我的健康状况大不相同）。A. effect效果，影响；B. sense感觉，观念；C. difference不同；D. effort努力。完成本题，不可仅凭名词词义做出选择，应考虑搭配问题，make a (huge) difference to为固定搭配，意为“对……有（重大）影响，改变，使……大不相同”，其它选项不适用此处的动词短语搭配，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我现在过的生活是我以前不敢想的，认为不可能的（我现在过着以前认为绝无可能的生活）。A. meaningful有意义的；B. colorful多彩的；C. proper合适的；D. possible可能的。上句提到我已经两年没有发作了，现在这种生活是我以前不敢想的，注意原句中never（从不，绝不）为否定，thought使用了过去时表示“原以为”，与possible搭配即构成“原以为不可能”，符合语境，故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为这是因为瑜伽教学使我感觉到自己正在以一种积极的方式为社会做贡献。A. donating捐赠；B. contributing贡献；C. attributing归功于；D. comparing 比较，比喻。我感受到自己正发光发热，用自己的方式为社会做贡献，contribute to意为“对……做贡献”，故选B。
【36题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：当我教瑜伽的时候，我让每个人知道虽然我们各有不同，但我们都在努力朝着最好的方向前进。A. anyone任何人；B. someone某个人；C. no one没有人；D. everyone每个人。我教学的时候，让我教的每个人（每位学生）都明白这些道理，故选D。
【37题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：当我教瑜伽的时候，我让每个人知道虽然我们各有不同，但我们都在努力朝着最好的方向前进。A. so所以；B. but但是；C. and和，与；D. or或者。我们每个人各有不同，每个人都是独特的，这是“异”，大家都在朝着最好的方向前进，这是“同”，一异一同，包含了逻辑上的转折关系，故选B。
【38题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：当我告诉学生们不要屈服于命运，这也是对我自己很好的提醒。A. give in屈服，让步；B. give up放弃；C. give out分发；D. give off发出（光）等。give in着重于因外部的困难、挫折，被迫做出屈服与让步，常用搭配为give in to sb/sth，give up着重于自己的主动选择放弃，常用搭配为give up sth/doing sth，综上，在此处A较为恰当，作者从自己的亲身经历出发，告诫大家不要屈服于命运，故选A。
【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉学生们不要屈服于命运，这也是对我自己很好的提醒。A. problem问题；B. opportunity机会；C. manners礼貌，规矩；D. reminder提醒。结合“我”的身世经历，告诫学生的话也是对自己的一个提醒，故选D。
【40题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我十分感激我的这段人生经历。A. anxious焦虑的；B. famous著名的；C. grateful感激的；D. ready准备好的，现成的。这段特殊的人生经历使“我”获得了飞速的成长，我感激这段经历，be grateful for（感恩……），故选C。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分55分）
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tianjin is an important stop on one of the eight major bird-migration routes ___41___ Nouth Asia to Australia, and many species rest in Beidagang’s coastal area before flying to Australia or New Zealand. The birds will return to Tianjin on their northward migrations that go as far ___42___ the North Pole. Beidagang Wetland ___43___(cover) nearly 350 square kilometers, including an area of about 115 sq km, in the southeast of the Binhai New Area. The wetland is essential for the birds’ breeding and growth. “Without it, they may be in danger during their migrations,” experts say.
Beidagang Wetland Management Center deputy director Sun Baonian says they’ve made great efforts to improve rare — bird protection in recent years. ___44___ total of 1,347 Oriental storks have been identified in the wetlands, ___45___(account) for nearly 45 percent of I he species’ ____46____ (globe) migration population, he says. They prefer to nest in high trees and buildings. Since Beidagang doesn't have enough high trees, the center has set up 20 artificial nesting areas on poles, 13 of ___47___ have been used by the waterfowl (水禽). And 17 chicks were born in the wetlands late last year.
The center also offers “homes” for volunteers and tourists, who come to learn more about wetland protection and enhance their ___48___(aware) about how to protect the wetlands and birds.
The project ___49___(support) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature since 2012, following a high-level meeting in South Korea. In 2016, the IUCN encouraged China ____50____(apply) for UNESCO status for the sites.
【答案】41. from
42. as 43. covers
44. A 45. accounting
46. global 47. which
48. awareness
49. has been supported
50. to apply
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了天津的北大港湿地在鸟类迁徙中的重要地位。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：天津是八大鸟类从北亚到澳大利亚迁徙路线之一的重要一站，许多物种在飞往澳大利亚或新西兰之前都在北大港沿海休息。根据句意可知，此处表达“从北亚到澳大利亚”这一含义，故用固定搭配from......to.......译为“从……到……”。故填from。
【42题详解】
考查固定结构。句意：这些鸟将返回天津，向北迁徙远达北极。根据句意可知，此处表达“远达北极”，故用固定搭配as far as译为“远达”。故填as。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：北大港湿地位于滨海新区东南部，面积近350平方公里，其中湿地面积约115平方公里。根据句意可知，本句介绍北大港湿地的一些具体事实，需要用一般现在时。主语Beidagang Wetland是单数，且与谓语动词cover是主动关系。故填covers。
【44题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：他说，在湿地中总共发现了1347只东方鹳，占该物种全球迁徙数量的近45%。根据句意可知，此处表达“总计”是泛指含义，可数名词total前要用不定冠词。total又是以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a构成固定搭配a total of译为“总计”。故填A。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句谓语动词为have been identified，故此处动词短语account for要以非谓语动词的形式出现。非谓语动词account for(占)与主语1.347 Oriental storks是主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填accounting。
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。根据空格后的名词migration population(迁徙数量)可知，此处用形容词global(全球的)作定语进行修饰。故填global。
【47题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：由于北大港没有足够的高大树木，该中心已在电线杆上建立了20个人工筑巢区，其中13个已被水禽利用。本句是介词+关系代词所引导的定语从句，先行词是20 artificial nesting areas(20个人工筑巢区)，指物，所以由关系代词which引导，在从句在从句中做主语。故填which。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：该中心还为志愿者和游客提供“家园”，他们来这里了解更多湿地保护知识，提高对如何保护湿地和鸟类的意识。根据空格前的形容词性物主代词their可知，此处填入不可数名词awareness(意识)来做动词enhance(提高)的宾语。故填awareness。
【49题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：自2012年在韩国举行高级别会议后，该项目得到了国际自然保护联盟的支持。根据句中的时间状语since 2012可知，本句要使用现在完成时。主语the project(这个项目)是单数，且与谓语动词support(支持)是被动关系。故填has been supported。
【50题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：2016年，世界自然保护联盟鼓励中国为这些遗址申请联合国教科文组织的地位。固定搭配“encourage sb/sth to do sth.”译为“鼓励……做某事”，故填to apply来做宾语补足语。故填to apply。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(满分10分)
51. 文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Tom,
How is it going in the UK? I was planning a trip to London with my parents next month.
As the matter of fact, I intend to travel to London so as experience different cultures, which might be helpful for me to broaden my horizon. Also, I am eager to improve my speaking English by communicating with foreigner. Most important, I will get a chance to meet you and enjoyed a different lifestyle. Despite of good hopes, I have no idea that is worth visiting or how to behave properly. Could you introduce some places of interest and some customs to me?
Looking forward to you early reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】1. was→am
2. the→a
3. as后加to
4. speaking→spoken
5. foreigner→foreigners
6. important→importantly
7. enjoyed→enjoy
8. 去掉of
9. that→what
10. you→your
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一封书信，李华介绍到他下一个月将去英国旅行，希望能与Tom见面，并且希望Tom能介绍一些名胜和风俗。
【详解】1. 考查时态。句意：我计划下个月和父母去伦敦旅行。根据本句的时间状语“next month”以及整篇文章的时态可知，此处要用现在进行时表示将来。故将was改为am。
2. 考查固定结构。句意：事实上，我打算去伦敦旅游以体验不同文化，这可能有助于我开阔视野。固定结构as a matter of fact译为“事实上”。故将the改为a。
3. 考查固定结构。句意见上一题。根据句意可知，此处表示“为了体验不同的文化”，所以用固定结构so as to译为“为了”。故在as后加to。
4. 考查固定用法。句意：同时，我也渴望通过与外国人交流来提高我的英语口语水平。“spoken English(英语口语)”是固定用法。故将speaking改为spoken。
5. 考查名词单复数。句意见上一题。foreigner(外国人)是可数名词，又根据句意“和外国人交流”可知，我要跟很多外国人说话，所以此处要用复数形式。故将foreigner改为foreigners。
6. 考查副词。句意：最重要的是，我会有机会见到你并且享受不同的生活方式。修饰一句话时，需要用副词进行修饰。故将important改为importantly。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。根据句意可知，此处表达“有机会来享受不一样的生活方式”，应与前面的不定式“to meet you”并列,使用to enjoy这一结构。避免重复，省略不定式符号to。故将enjoyed改为enjoy。
8. 考查固定结构。句意：尽管希望很大，但我不知道什么是值得参观的，也不知道如何举止得体。despite(尽管)是介词，后面直接跟名词作宾语。故去掉of。
9. 考查同位语从句。句意见上一题。idea为抽象名词，后面的句子是对其进行解释说明，故为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，句子缺“什么”含义来作句子的主语，所以要用连接代词what进行引导。故将that改为what。
10. 考查人称代词。句意：期待你的早日回复！此处修饰名词reply(回复)需要用形容词性物主代词。故将you改为your。
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
52. 历经9年不懈努力，作为山西省内第一条地下铁路太原地铁2号线(Taiyuan Metro Line 2)，终于在2020 年12月26日正式开通。请你简要介绍一下地铁开通带来的好处。
注意：1. 词数120左右；2. 首句不计入总词数。
【答案】With a lot of efforts, Taiyuan Metro Line 2 officially opened on December 26, 2020. This is the first underground railway in Shanxi Province, which brings a lot of convenience to the masses.
First of all, the metro can relieve the pressure of ground traffic. As we know, it’s very easy for us to get stuck in the rush hour. It is because of the metro that some of us will avoid the traffic jam. What’s more, it is very fast, unlike bus, which will turn around many roads. The metro will can increase travel speed. What is the most important is that the metro is so convenient that we don’t have to go out of the metro station. The only thing we can do is to find the subway’s entrance.
It is believed that the metro will strengthen our economy and bring us a happy life.
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇应用文，介绍山西地铁二号线开通后所带来的好处。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：
1．介绍地铁开通；
2．介绍地铁的好处；
3．表达祝愿。
第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）
convenience; relieve; get stuck; traffic jam; turn around; increase; strengthen
第三步：连词成句
1. This is the first underground railway in Shanxi Province, which brings a lot of convenience to the masses.
2. First of all, the metro can relieve the pressure of ground traffic.
3. As we know, it’s very easy for us to get stuck in the rush hour.
4. It is because of the metro that some of us will avoid the traffic jam.
5. What’s more, it is very fast, unlike bus, which will turn around many roads.
6. The metro will can increase travel speed.
7. It is believed that the metro will strengthen our economy and bring us a happy life.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：first of all
2.表并列补充关系：what’s more
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
【点睛】[高分句型1] This is the first underground railway in Shanxi Province, which brings a lot of convenience to the masses. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] It is because of the metro that some of us will avoid the traffic jam. (运用了强调句型)