2023长沙长郡中学高一上学期入学检测英语含答案

长郡中学2022级新生入学考试试卷

英 语

一、         听力部分（共20题, 满分35分）。

二、         阅读理解（每小题2分,满分42分）

第一节、阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

A

It's easy to get defeated completely by something negative in your daily life. Give these apps a try if you want to be more positive instead of being negative in your daily life.

Shine

Shine is a text messaging service based on the idea that sometimes you need some external phrases to guide your internal positive thinking.

Visit the website,and you'll have the ability to sign up to receive a daily text message-all you need to provide is a first name and a phone number.Then you'll receive one message per day with inspirational quotes from successful people from Monday through Friday.

Kwippy

In many cases,statements that come from other people can be more powerful than ones you make to yourself.That's where Kwippy comes in.

The app Kwippy has a positive,lively community focused on fun while keeping negativity out. It is a new kind of social media platform that will send you random challenges throughout the day, motivating you to take a photo of something in your nearby environment.

ThinkUp

If you're feeling confident and good about your place in life,download the app,come up with some positive statements about yourself and record them for future generations.If you're feeling less creative or don't know what to say,don't worry-the app also has a list of shared positive statements that you can choose from.

Smiling Mind

Smiling Mind,a nonprofit organization,was founded by and is currently operated by psychologists and educators.Everything there is supported by scientific evidence.The app is free touse but you can make a donation if you want to continue supporting their efforts,displaying friendlyand thoughtful acts to others.

In the app,you'll find different choices,which can help you remove negative thoughts and focus on the positivity of the present moments.

21.Which app makes people feel encouraged regularly?

A.Shine.          B.Kwippy.             C.ThinkUp.          D.Smiling Mind.

22.Who is Kwippy suitable for?

A.Those who need to face a big life challenge.

B.Those who look for a friendly neighborhood.

C.Those who long for a great sense of belonging.

D.Those who want to live an enjoyable social life.

23.What is the purpose of the article?

A.To compare the advantages of some apps.

B.To show the power of some advanced apps.

C.To introduce apps for avoiding people feeling down.

D.To list the wide usage of apps in our daily life nowadays.

B

After months of expectation and secrecy, the official mascot (吉祥物) of the 2022 Winter Olympic Games－a giant panda-inspired cartoon character－made its first public debut with cheers at Beijing's Shougang Ice Hockey Arena.

The panda is named “Bing Dwen Dwen” in Chinese. Bing means “ice” in Chinese, while Dwen Dwen suggests “health and cleverness”－characteristics also shared by pandas. Pandas are perhaps the most recognized animal species in China, organizers said.

“Pandas combine China's traditional culture and its modern appearance together with winter sports elements in a fascinating image (形象) that shows our great expectations for the Games and shows that we welcome the world,” said Beijing Mayor Chen Jining, who also serves as an executive president on the organizing committee.

“I have already seen the mascot and from what I've seen, it’s a wonderful choice,” IOC President Thomas Bach said before introducing the character.” “The mascot really takes in the best elements and characteristics of China and the Chinese people. It will be a great ambassador (大使) for the country and the 24th Winter Olympics.”

The ring of light surrounding the mascot’s face is suggestive of ice and snow tracks, as well as the flowing “ribbons” of the National Speed Skating Oval. The oval is one of two new competition sites in downtown Beijing expected to become a landmark of the Games, according to its chief designer Cao Xue.

The introduction of the mascots marks the key point of a journey that began in August 2018, when Beijing organizers started a global design competition for the mascots. A total of 5,816 designs were received from 35 countries, and were reviewed by Chinese and international experts in a comprehensive evaluation and selection process.

The new mascot will serve as spirited symbol of the Games that will take place in the three zones of downtown Beijing, the suburban district of Yanqing and co-host city Zhangjiakou in surrounding Hebei province.

24．What does the underlined word “debut” in paragraph1 mean?

A．Design.       B．Appearance.

C．Understanding.     D．Attention.

25．What does Bach think of the mascot?

A．Surprising.      B．Entertaining.

C．Satisfying      D．Interesting.

26．What’s paragraph 5 mainly about?

A．The origin of the mascot image.

B．The introduction to the mascot designer.

C．The hard work behind the mascot design.

D．The hidden meaning of the mascot image.

27．What can be a suitable title for the text ?

A．The Mascot of the 24th Winter Olympic Games

B．A Historical Moment of the Winter Olympic Games

C．Bing Dwen Dwen: a Lovely Panda Welcomes the World

D．Comments on the Mascot of the 24th Winter Olympics

C

Eating a diet high in processed food(加工食品)increases the risk of depression, research suggests. What’s more, people who ate plenty of vegetables, fruit and fish actually had a lower risk of depression, the University College London team found.

Data on diet among 3, 500 middle-aged civil servants(公务员)were compared with their emotional state five years later, a British journal reported. They split the participants into two types of diet--those who ate a diet largely based on whole food, which includes lots of fruit, vegetables and fish, and those who ate a mainly processed food diet, such as sweetened desserts, fried food, processed meat, refined grains and high fat dairy products After accounting for factors such as gender, age, education, physical activity, smoking habits and chronic(慢性的) diseases, they found a significant difference in the future depression risk with the different diets.

Those who ate the most wholefood had a 26％ lower risk of future depression than those who ate the least wholefood. By contrast, people with a diet high in processed food had a 58% higher risk of depression than those who ate a diet low in processed foods.

Study author Dr. Archana SinghManoux pointed out there was a chance the finding could be explained by a lifestyle factor they had not accounted for.

There was a paper showing a Mediterranean diet was associated with a lower risk of depression, but the problem with that is if you live in Britain, the likelihood(可能性)of you eating a Mediterranean diet is not very high.

Dr. Andrew McCulloeh, chief executive of the Mental Health Foundation, said, this study adds to an existing body of solid research that shows the strong links between what we eat and our mental health.

He added people’s diets were becoming increasingly unhealthy. The UK population is consuming less nutritious, fresh produce and more saturated(含饱和脂肪酸的)fats and sugars.

28.The text is mainly about _____.

A. the increasingly unhealthy diet of the UK population

B. the link between processed food and depression

C. the relationship between physical and mental health

D. healthy diet largely based on wholefood

29.What do we know about the participants?

A. They are of different ages from young to old.

B. They have been eating less healthy diet these years.

C. Most of them prefer wholefood to processed food.

D. Those who ate wholefood generally were happier in the long term.

30.What can we learn from what Dr. Archana Singh Manoux said?

A. It is difficult for most British people to have a Mediterranean diet.

B. The Mediterranean diet is the healthiest in the world.

C. Many studies have been done on the Mediterranean diet before.

D. The Mediterranean diet is not good for depression.

31.Dr. Andrew McCulloch agrees that _____.

A. our diets are closely related to our mental health

B. the present study needs more facts and other information

C. the UK population will become ill in the near future

D. more saturated fats and sugars should be taken in

1. Why might the author have written this text?

A. To tell people what a healthy diet actually is.

B. To prove people’s diets are increasingly unhealthy.

C. To encourage people to cut down on processed food.

D. To introduce some experts on the research team.

D

Eating too much fatty food, exercising too little and smoking can raise your future risk of heart disease. But there is another factor that can cause your heart problems more immediately: the air you breathe.

Previous studies have linked high exposure (暴露)to environmental pollution to an increased risk of heart problem, but two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack or stroke (中风)within as little as a few hours after exposure. In one review of the research, scientists found that people exposed to high levels of pollutants (污染物)were up to 5% more likely to suffer a heart attack within days of exposure than those with lower exposure. A separate study of stroke patients showed that even air that the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers to be of “moderate” (良好)quality and relatively safe for our health can raise the risk of stroke as much as 34% within 12 to 14 hours of exposure.

The authors of both studies stress that these risks are relatively small for healthy people and certainly modest compared with other risk factors such as smoking and high blood pressure. However, it is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices. So stricter regulation by the EPA of pollutants may not only improve environmental air quality but could also become necessary to protect public health.

32.The text mainly discusses the relationship between______.  

A. heart problems and air quality

B. heart problems and exercising

C. heart problems and smoking

D. heart problems and fatty food

33.The underlined word “modest” in Paragraph 3 most probably means _____.

A. relatively high 

B. extremely low

C. relatively low

D. extremely high

34.What can we learn from the text? 

A. Eating fatty food has immediate effects on your heart.

B. The EPA conducted many studies on air quality.

C. Moderate air quality is more harmful than smoking,

D. Stricter regulations on pollutants should be made.

35.The author’s purpose of writing the text is most likely to ______.

A. inform B. persuade C. describe D. entertain

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you're enjoying a cup of tea while reading this,you're supporting just about every organ in your body.Unsweetened tea can prevent some diseases and help repair cells in the body.The popularity of Chinese tea cannot be separated from its medicinal value.

Your heart will thank you.Tea's properties can keep your blood vessels(血管）relaxed and clear,putting less stress on your heart and thus slow down block formation in vital blood vessels.  36.

Your risk of the brain disease could decrease. 37.It's important to know the early warning signs and do what you can to prevent it.Green tea can help you develop resistance against stress and potential Alzheimer's disease.The special substance in it protects cells from damage.

38.If you spend your nights turnings,try relaxing yourself with a cup of east-Asian medicinal tea before bed,which can improve sleeplessness. 39 ,it can help improve sleep and quality of life in those with mild sleeplessness according to a study in Integrative Medicine Research.

Your attention may improve.The caffeine in tea can improve your attention and awareness. The unique acid to tea may also improve attention by relaxing the brain,but stimulating it when it is time to focus. 40 ,try making a warm cup of tea just before it's time to work or consider these reasons you may not be able to focus.

A.Your sleep could improve

B.Your body becomes more energetic

C.When you have the habit of getting up early

D.Once you have formed the habit of drinking that kind of tea

E.If you ever find yourself having difficulty with concentration

F.So drinking a proper amount of black tea can be beneficial to your heart

G.The thought of you being diagnosed with the brain disease is very scary

三、         完形填空。（每小题1分,满分15分）

In January this year, a fire destroyed the building that housed Yossi Heiman’s Fish Market in Borough Park, Brooklyn: The _____ made Yossi Heiman have no place to operate his business and no ability to get _____.

The merchant Shea Langsam owns a(n) _____ store, just few blocks away. One would have thought that sympathetic as he may be to his competitor’s bad luck, he would welcome this opportunity to _____ new customers and increase his business.    _____ Shea did something truly excellent. When he learned of the fire, he ____ the phone and called Yossi Heiman. Not only did he _____ him but when he heard Yossi say he would need a facility and deliver ____ to his customers, he said, “Don’t worry! Why not ____ me in my store before your store could be rebuilt? As fellow community members we all should try to help each other.” Shea did as he promised and Yossi _____ his losses.

The story is wonderful and it’s a(n) _____ of seeing fellow community members as part of one family, putting needs of others ____ their own needs. Businessmen usually want to make more money or grow their ____ but the story is _____: It’s a truly sincere display of true faith and great kindness. Real faith means _____ others and having a heart of sympathy and mercy like Shea.

41A. explosion B. battle C. accident D. campaign

42A. attention B. assistance C. information D. income

43A. similar B. mysterious C. online D. outdoor

44A. treat B. acquire C. depend on D. give up

45A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Instead D. Though

46A. picked up B. hung up C. repaired D. provided

47A. doubt B. comfort C. turn to D. 1augh at

48A. service B. spirit C. orders D. notes

49A. replace B. attend C. enable D. join

50A. maintained B. recovered C. reported D. cut

51A. example B. reminder C. challenge D. guide

52A. because of B. ahead of C. out of D. in spite of

53A. duty B. fame C. interest D. business

54A. exceptional B. boring C. ridiculous D. old

55A. losing track of B. settling for C. caring for D. calming down

四、         语法填空。（每小题2分,满分20分）

Lions, tigers and other animals are staying awake at night 56____________(avoid) human beings, a new study finds.

Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature. Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away 57____________ people. By being awake at night, animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time 58____________(look) for food.

The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can 59____________(fright) animals and cause them to become more active at night. 60____________ had been studied were lions in Tanzania, tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil. Researchers compared 61____________(careful) how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities, such as hunting and farming. 62____________ was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in night­time activities, even in creatures that usually sleep at night. Results 63____________(publish) in the journal Science two months ago.

The new findings are 64____________(usual) because no one else has looked at it in such detail before. Ecologist Marlee Tucker was 65____________(surprise) that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat.

五、         书面表达。（满分40分）

66.众所周知，许多野生动物面临灭绝。请写一篇有关保护野生动物的文章。主要内容（15分）

1．野生动物濒临灭绝的原因；

2．拯救措施。

67.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。(满分25分)

A survey of more than 2，000 people living in the UK has found that those with a higher IQ are more likely to live a longer life. Researchers analysed data from the Scottish Mental Surveys—in which almost every 11­year­old in Scotland was given the same IQ test on the same day in 1932—and tracked the participants' lives up to when they passed away. Even when factors such as economic status and employment level were accounted for，the smarter kids ended up living longer than those with lower IQs. These results correlate to several previous studies that have found a link between IQ and mortality(死亡率) when other factors were filtered out.

We don't yet understand why this is the case，but there are some interesting hypotheses(假设)：one is that intelligent people are more likely to strap themselves in while driving，choose to eat a healthy diet，avoid smoking，and exercise more often. Whalley and Deary found that those with a higher IQ were more likely to quit smoking after its negative health effects were published in the 1950s. In other words，smart people might just be better at avoiding things that are going to kill them.

Another hypothesis is that a high IQ is a signifier of a sturdy(强壮的) constitution and a body that's going to last—it's essentially a signifier rather than a cause，some scientists believe. One study published in 2005 found that better reaction times specifically helped people live longer—so a high IQ is possibly an indication of an efficient nervous system，rather than being itself a cause of longer life，the researchers proposed.

It's a complicated area of science，particularly as an IQ score doesn't necessarily directly represent intelligence，and can be affected by social class，education standards，and other cultural factors. Nevertheless，the link is there—and researchers are still trying to find out why.

参考答案

1—20.  BCBAC  ACACA  ACCBA  BBCAB

21—40. CBA  BBDA  DBCA  DCAC  CDBGF

41—55.  CADCB ADBAC ADCDB

56to avoid   57.from  58.looking  59.frighten 60.What 

61.carefully   62.It  63.were published64.unusual 65.surprised

66.【参考范文】

Many wild animals are in danger of dying out，because the environment they are living in has changed greatly. For example，with the development of cities，the serious pollution affects their living areas，which have become narrower and narrower. Many of the wild animals are facing food crisis now. At the same time，man is killing off species just for their fur，skin，horns，teeth and meat.

To protect wild animals，first，people should raise the protection awareness. Second，measures of the following should be taken：pollution standards are made to keep down poisons in the air; killing wild animals is prohibited; national parks should be set up as wildlife reserves.

Only when we take some measures can wild animals be preserved.

67.【参考范文】

According to a new research，human beings' mortality rate is related to IQ. The higher one's IQ is，the more likely he is to live longer. (要点1)Some people suppose the reason why it arises is that intelligent people can control themselves better in face of health crises，(要点2)while others think that a higher IQ is a symbol of having a strong and healthy body. (要点3)Anyhow，the connection is guaranteed and scientists is trying to discover the causes. (要点4)