高中英语北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Lesson 3 War Memories课文内容ppt课件

这是一份高中英语北师大版 (2019)选择性必修 第四册Lesson 3 War Memories课文内容ppt课件，共60页。PPT课件主要包含了课前自主预习，¤重点单词，¤重点词块，¤重点句式，¤课文预读，课堂新知讲练，◇词汇拓讲，语言提升，归纳拓展，易混辨析等内容，欢迎下载使用。

1．sldiern.______________2．bmbn.______________3．generaln.______________4．frntiern.______________5．murdern. ____________________
士兵，军人　炸弹　将军，上将　国界，边境　谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪　
6．brdern. ______________________7．weepvi.&vt.______________8．civiliann.______________9．panicn.____________________10．prayvt.&vi.______________11．identificatinn.____________________
国界，边界；边境地区　　　哭泣，流(泪)　平民，老百姓　惊恐，惶恐，惊慌　　　祈求；祈祷　身份证明(文件)　
12．___________ vt. 展示，陈列13．______________ n.代表，代理人14．___________ vt. 问候，迎接，招呼15．___________ n.泥，烂泥16．___________ vt. 分发，分配，分送17．___________ adj. 暂时的，临时的；短期的
display　representative　greet　mud　distribute　temprary　
18．___________ n.子夜，午夜19．___________ n.病房20．___________ num. 一打21．___________ n.外科医生22．___________ n.感激23．___________ n.(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件
midnight　ward　dzen　surgen　appreciatin　incident 　
1．cme t ne’s mind________________2．mass murder________________3．village square________________4．in surprise________________5．a machine gun________________6．identificatin papers________________7．a pile f________________8．stick up__________________
想起　大屠杀　村庄广场　惊奇地　机关枪　文书　一堆　竖起；伸直；突出　
9．短暂的和平________________10．达成和解；取得谅解______________________11．喧闹；叫喊________________12．吃得过饱；极其厌倦________________13．护士长________________14．朝……扔去；扔向________________
temprary peace　cme t an understanding　shut acrss　be fed up with　chief nurse　thrw at　
15．苏醒；醒来________________16．或多或少；差不多________________17．srt f________________18．in the end________________19．turning pint________________20．in the wild________________
wake up　mre r less　稍稍；到某种程度　最后；最终　转折点　在野外；野生的　
1．(P36)____________(和其他村民们一起), they were marched a few hundred metres int the village square where they were tld t sit. (tgether with的用法)2．(P37)By the lk f them, their trenches were in ____ ____________ (和……一样差) ur wn. (as…as…)【答案】1．Tgether with ther villagers2．as bad a state as
1．Fast-reading　Scan the text and finish the fllwing exercises. (1)What des the passage mainly tell us?________________【答案】(1)The passage mainly tells us that the different war memries f different peple.
(2)Chse the title fr each part. ①A Brave Patient ②A Decisive Battle③N Mre Fighting④Village Nightmare⑤Feeling HelplessStry A．_______　Stry B．_______　Stry C．_______【答案】(2)A. ④　B．③　C．①
2．Careful-readingFill in the blanks accrding t the text.
【答案】(1)farmer　(2)killed　(3)leg　(4)saved(5)Christmas　(6)sldiers　(7)understanding(8)peace　(9)hspital　(10)award
1．general n.将军，上将(P37)The general was cming t give him the award because he happened t be number 20,000 t cme thrugh this hspital. 【翻译】将军过来给他颁奖，因为他碰巧是成功出院的第20000个战士。
general n.指挥官； 军官； 将军 adj. 全体的；普遍的；一般的；常规的
The general is a prtly ld man. 那位将军是一位身材魁梧的老人。general通常用作形容词，意义比较广泛，意为“普遍的，全体的；总的；正常的，一般的，普遍的；大致的；概括性的；笼统的”。
He preferred the general apprach. 他喜欢一般性的处理方法。I have a general idea f hw a car wrks. 我对汽车如何运行有一个大概的了解。His general state f health is fairly satisfactry. 他的总体健康状况相当令人满意。He lived in the general directin f the Central Park. 他住在中心公园方向。
generally adv. 通常；普遍地，一般地In the diet, it is generally true that the darker the fruit the higher its irn cntent. 在饮食中，水果颜色越深，其铁含量就越高，这通常是正确的。
generality n.概论；普遍性；大部分I’ll start with sme generalities and then examine a few specific examples. 我首先进行概述，然后会分析几个实例。generalize vt. 概括；推广；使……一般化Critics lve t generalize, t frmulate trends int which all new wrk must be fitted, hwever cntradictry. 评论家喜欢概括、归纳出所有新作品都必须符合的趋势，不管它们是如何地不符。
generalizatin n.概括；普遍化；一般化The generalizatin f the quadrant and ctant t arbitrary number f dimensins is the rthant. 将四象限和八象限推广到任意维数是正交的。generalizable adj. 可归纳的；可概括的Finally, the researchers nte why this finding may have mre generalizable imprtance. 最后，研究者指出，为什么这一发现可能具有更普遍的重要性。
general electin大选，普选general knwledge 常识general manager 总经理in general总的来说，一般说来，大体上，整个地
general agent总代理人，总代理行mre generally 更普遍；更一般地说generally speaking 一般而言generally available 常用generally accepted 普遍接受的
cmmn, rdinary, cmmnplace, general, usual, ppular, universal这些形容词均含有“普通的，普遍的”之意。cmmn多用于指物，侧重很常见，不稀奇。rdinary用于物，指每天发生，十分平淡无奇；用于人，指无特别之处，很一般。
cmmnplace强调缺少新意。general语气强于cmmn，侧重大多如此，很少有例外情况。usual指常见、常闻和常做的事或举动，强调惯常性。ppular指适应大众爱好、需要，为大家所公认或接受。universal与general同义，但语气较强，侧重对每个人或事物都适用，根本没有例外。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Then yu shuld be very wary f the __________ (general)．(2)It wuld be flish t __________(general) frm a single example. 【答案】(1)generalizatin　(2)generalize
(3)He avided this tricky questin and talked in __________ (general)．(4)As wmen we __________(general) say and feel t much abut these things. (5)In ther wrds, are there any __________(general)lessns that can be applied t ther cuntries?【答案】(3)generalities　(4)generally　(5)generalizable　
完成句子(6)He is the _____________ in this cmpany. 他是这个公司的总经理。(7)The new drug will be________________frm January. 这种新药从一月份开始将可大量上市。【答案】(6)general manager　(7)generally available　
(8)I think we need t imprve ur educatinal system ________________. 我认为我们需要从总体上改进我们的教育体制。(9)The wrkfrce is _____________ t have the best cnditins in Eurpe. 欧洲工人的劳动环境公认是最好的。【答案】(8)in general　(9)generally accepted
2．murder n.谋杀，凶杀；谋杀罪(P36)mass murder【翻译】大屠杀；集体屠杀
murder n.谋杀；凶杀；杀害；非常困难(或使人不快)的事；让人受罪的事v．谋杀；破坏；彻底击败
He was an accessry t the murder. 他是那件谋杀案的从犯。The newspaper featured the stry f the murder. 报纸上刊登了谋杀案的故事。
The three accused, aged between 19 and 20, are charged with attempted murder. 3名年龄在19到20岁之间的被告被指控蓄意谋杀。murderer n.凶手；谋杀犯 (复数 murderers)A plice dg picked up the murderer’s scent. 一条警犬嗅出了凶手的气味。
murderus adj. 凶残的，凶杀的like blue murder飞快地，风驰电掣般地，以最快的速度，发疯似地blue murder (英式英语)大吵大闹murder suspect 【法】 谋杀嫌疑，凶杀嫌疑犯attempted murder 谋杀未遂get away with murder 无法无天；为所欲为
kill，murder均有“杀，杀死”之意。kill是普通用词，含义广泛，泛指以任何方式使人、动物或植物死亡。murder指谋杀或凶杀。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)He denies __________(murder) his wife’s lver. (2)One f these men may have been the _______ (murder)．(3)He made a __________(murder) attack n his wife that evening. 【答案】(1)murdering　(2)murderer　(3)murderus
完成句子(4)The bys were ff dwn the rad ________________. 那些男孩沿着马路飞快地逃走了。(5)Plice have already identified 10 ________________. 警方已经确认了10名谋杀嫌疑犯。【答案】(4)like blue murder　(5)murder suspects
(6)He cried _________ when the dentist pulled his tth ut. 当牙医给他拔牙时，他大惊小怪地叫喊。(7)His charm and the fact that he is s likeable ften allw him t __________. 他的魅力和受宠程度常让他无法无天、为所欲为。【答案】(6)blue murder　(7)get away with murder
3．representative n.代表，代理人(P36)Tw f ur men then threw their equipment ff and climbed ut f the trench with their hands abve their heads as ur representatives. 【翻译】然后，我们的两个人扔掉了他们的武器，手举在头顶上，作为我们的代表，爬出了战壕。
representative adj. 有代表性的；典型的；代表的n．代表；代理人；样本；代表物
Beijing is a representative Chinese city. 北京是一个典型的中国城市。Mst representatives ballted against the reslutin. 大多数众议员投票反对这项决议。
A representative f the cmpany will call n yu t assess the damage. 公司的代表将前往贵处评估受损失的状况。Our chief representative’s withdrawal was cnstrued as a prtest. 我们首席代表的退场被视作是一种抗议的表达。
The present representative f the Dedlcks is an excellent master. 德洛克家目前的继承人是个非常好的主人。The new head f state shuld be chsen by an 87 member representative cuncil. 新的国家元首应该由包括87名成员的代表委员会选出。
He is the leader f the institutins f a representative gvernment. 他是代议制政府的各个机构的领导人。She is altgether t representative f the gut feeling in the cnstituencies. 她彻底体现了选民们的真实感情。
representativeness n.代表性，典型性These implicitly make a claim t the generality — at the natinal scale, r in the racial sense — the representativeness f this life. 这些暗中要求一种普遍性——在全国范围内或者在种族意义上来看——是这种生活的代表性。
representatively adv. 典型地There are 23 ducks and pigs, and the ttal number f legs f ducks and pigs is 74．Hw many ducks and pigs representatively? 鸭和猪共有23只，而鸭腿和猪腿的数量共有74只。问鸭和猪各有多只？
represent vt. 代表；表现；描绘；回忆；再赠送The general secretary may represent the president at fficial ceremnies. 秘书长可以在官方仪式上代表主席。representatin n.代表；表现；描绘Puert Ricans are U．S. citizens but they have n representatin in Cngress. 波多黎各人是美国公民，但是他们在国会中没有代表。
representatinal adj. 代表的；具象派的There are tw interrelated mdel frms: the representatinal frm and the rganizatinal frm. 有两种相关的模式形式：表征形式和组织形式。
representative ffice 代表机构；办事处sales representative 销售代表legal representative 法定代理人
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)The green mvement lacks effective ________ (represent) in Parliament. (2)My nly aim is t ____________(representatin)the United States at the Olympics. (3)Our sales ____________(representative) can assist yu in selecting suitable investments. 【答案】(1)representatin　(2)represent　(3)representatives　
(4)His painting went thrugh bth _________ (representatin) and abstract perids. (5)The glbal ____________(representative) and enfrcement capabilities f these institutins need t be further strengthened. (6)In rder t imprve the accuracy f mdel predictin, the training samples shuld be ____________(representative) prepared. 【答案】(4)representatinal　(5)reprentativeness　(6)representatively
完成句子(7)__________________ shall have n legal persnality. 代表机构不具有法人资格。(8)The chairman is __________________ f the cmpany. 董事长为公司的法定代表人。【答案】(7)A representative ffice(8)the legal representative
4．distribute vt. 分发，分配，分送(P37)Bill distributed the beer amng us and we cnsumed a lt. 【翻译】比尔在我们之间发了啤酒。我们喝了很多。
distribute 分发；分配；分布；分销过去式：distributed过去分词：distributed　现在分词：distributing第三人称单数：distributes
The firm shuld distribute n the principle f equal pay fr equal wrk. 公司应按照同工同酬的原则进行分配。The way t distribute the reward shuld be decided by the team itself upn discussin. 奖金如何分配该由团队自行商议。
distribute 也可表示“散布；分类；区分”。Fuel resurces are very unevenly distributed. 燃料资源分布很不均匀。The teacher distributed the students int fur grups. 老师把学生们分成了四组。These rcks are widely distributed all ver this regin. 这种岩石广泛分布在这个地区。The wrkers were distributed based n their special talents. 根据各自的特长，工人们被分了类。
distributin n.分布；分配；供应Mr. Rh’s ecnmic planners sught t achieve a mre equitable distributin f wealth. 罗欧先生的经济规划者们努力实现更公平的财富分配。distributinal adj. 分配的；分发的What they’re ding is setting up distributinal netwrks. 他们在做的是建立好货物分配网络。
distributive adj. 分配的；分布的；分发的Rerganizatin is necessary n the distributive side f this industry. 此行业的产品分配环节必须重组。distributr n.经销商；批发商；[电] 分配器；分配者；散布者；[电] 配电盘Under what circumstances can the distributr return merchandise t the manufacturer? 在什么情况下分销商能将商品返还给制造商？
assign，distribute，divide，allcate 这些动词均含“分配，分发”之意。 assign指按照某种原则进行的硬性分配，也不一定是很公平的。
distribute通常指以整体或定量分为若干份来分配。 divide是普通用词，侧重将某物分成若干份分配给他人，当某物一分为二时，含平均分配之意。 allcate主要指金钱、财产、权力或领土等的分配，着重分配的比例和专门用途。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)We didn’t understand hw difficult it was ______________ (distribute) a natinal paper. (2)Des mral desert have nthing t d with __________ (distribute) justice?【答案】(1)t distribute　(2)distributive
(3)I’d like t negtiate abut the ______________ (distribute) plan with yu. (4)Can the ______________ (distribute) handle the prducts f cmpetitrs? (5)Sme f the victims are cmplaining ludly abut the uneven ______________ (distribute) f emergency aid. 【答案】(3)distributinal　(4)distributr　(5)distributin
完成句子(6)Minh, nw 37 and ________________，still talks regularly n the phne with the Kinneys. 明，现年37岁，是一位报纸经销商。 他仍然定期给金尼夫妇打电话。(7)They bth wrry abve all abut _____________ f taxing and spending. 他们都对税收和支出的分配效应感到十分忧虑。【答案】(6)a newspaper distributr　(7)the distributinal effects
5．incident n.(尤指不平常的、重要的或暴力的)事件(P37)After this little incident, I went ver and tk him in my arms. 【翻译】在这个小事件之后，我走过去拥抱了他。
incident n.事件；事情；附属特权；附属负担；附属权利；危险事件；暴力事件；冲突；发生；令人激动的事情(复数为incidents)adj. 因……易发生的；由……产生的；投于的；击中的；(光)入射的；附属的
The incident sparked a cntrversy. 这一事件引发了一场争端。The incident punctured his pride. 这一事件损伤了他的自尊心。They want t find ut the cause and effect f the incident. 他们要弄清事件的来龙去脉。The serius incident alng the brder increased ur fears f the war. 边境上的紧张局势加重了我们对战争的忧虑。
incidental adj. 附带的；次要的；偶然的；容易发生的The playing f music prved t be incidental t the main business f the evening. 音乐演奏结果只是当晚主要活动的陪衬。incidentally adv. 顺便；偶然地；附带地I didn’t ask yu t cme. Incidentally, why have yu cme?我没有叫你来。顺便问一下，你为什么来呢？
incidentals n.杂费(incidental的复数形式)；附带事件Yu’ll need mney fr incidentals such as tips and taxis. 你将需要准备好付小费和乘出租车之类的杂项开销。
incidental music 配乐(戏剧、电影等)incidental expenses [会计] 杂费；额外开支withut incident 平安无事
accident，incident，event，happening 这些名词均有“事故、事件”之意。 accident强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。 incident既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。 event可指任何大小的事件，尤指历史上的重大事件。 happening多指日常生活中发生的一般事件，有时也指偶然发生的事。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)The discvery was _______(incident)t their main research. (2)The letter mentined my great aunt and uncle nly _______ (incident)．(3)This still des nt include fees, bks, supplies, travel, r ________ (incident)．【答案】(1)incidental　(2)incidentally　(3)incidentals
完成句子(4)These diseases _______________ childhd. 儿童易患这类疾病。(5)These risks _______________ the wrk f a firefighter. 这些风险是担任消防员不可避免的。【答案】(4)are incidental t　(5)are incidental t
(6)Did yu receive my tuitin and________________？ 你收到我的学费和杂费了吗？(7)They returned ________________. 他们平安无事地回来了。【答案】(6)incidental expenses　(7)withut incident
(8)Fashin shw is a cmprehensive art frm. The _______，which is used in fashin shw, are specially cmpsed r selected fr fashin shw and therefre an inalienable part f this art. 服装表演是一种综合性的艺术形式。服装表演中的配乐是指为服装表演专门制作或选配的音乐，是这门艺术的不可分割的一部分。【答案】(8)incidental music
1．(P36)Tgether with ther villagers, they were marched a few hundred metres int the village square where they were tld t sit. 【翻译】和其他村民们一起，他们走了几百米，来到了村庄广场，被吩咐在那里坐了下来。
【句式剖析】“Tgether with ther villagers”意为“和其他村民们一起”。tgether与介词with连用，意思是“和”“加之”“连同”。
【句式提升】tgether with可置于句中，也可置于句末。置于句中时，句子的谓语动词的单复数形式须与主语保持一致。tgether with的前后都有逗号隔开，就是很明显的插入语的标志。alng with, tgether with构成短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式与前面的主语保持一致。这是所谓的“就远原则”。
The gdwill is being sld tgether with the shp. 商店连同其商誉一并出售。She came t dinner alng with her byfriend. 她和她的男朋友一道来用餐。
(1)“就远原则”，也称“就前原则”，即谓语动词的单复数形式要与较远的主语保持一致。当主语后面跟有由but, except, besides, like, with, as well as, n less than, alng with, in additin t, rather than, tgether with等引出的短语时须采用“就远原则”。
Everybdy except yu likes me. 除了你，大家都喜欢我。The sn, as well as his parents, wants t g there. 不但儿子想去那儿，而且他的父母也想去。The teacher，as well as the students, is interested in the activity. 老师也和学生们一样对这项活动有兴趣。Dessert fruit，like strawberries and pears is very ppular. 像草莓和梨这样的餐后水果是很受欢迎的。
(2)“就近原则”也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语动词与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在“人称、数”上保持一致。常用的有：either…r…；neither…nr…；nt nly…but als…；nt… but…；There be句型What he des r what he says des nt cncern me. 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。
(3)在倒装句中，谓语动词的单复数形式可与后面第一个主语一致。In the distance was heard the clapping f hands and the shuts f the peple. 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。
【针对练习】单句语法填空(1)Neither yu nr I ________(be) wrng. (2)Nt yu but yur father ________(be) t blame. (3)Nt nly yu but (als) he ________(be) wrng. (4)There ________(be) sme bks and a pen n the desk. 【答案】(1)am　(2)is　(3)is　(4)are
完成句子(5)Jhn，____________，is t blame. 约翰，而不是他的室友，应该受到责备。(6)My father，n less than I, ________ a baseball fan. 我的父亲不亚于我，也是个棒球迷。(7)Jim，tgether with his classmates，__________ the film. 吉姆和他的同学都看过这部电影。【答案】(5)rather than his rmmates　(6)is　(7)has seen
(8)All the students，including Tm，________________. 所有的学生，包括汤姆都要走了。(9)N ne except (but) me _____________ this news. 除了我，没有人知道这个消息。【答案】(8)are leaving　(9)knws abut
2．(P37)By the lk f them, their trenches were in as bad a state as ur wn. 【翻译】从他们的外表来看，他们的战壕和我们的一样差。【句式剖析】“as bad a state as”意为“和……一样差/坏”。
【句式提升】“as…as…”的意思是“与……一样”，接形容词或副词的原级，在否定句中，第一个 as 也可换成s。He desn’t study as/s hard as his brther. 他学习不如他的弟弟努力。表示涉及数量或程度，可用“as much＋不可数名词＋as”和“as many＋可数名词复数＋as”。He desn’t pay as much tax as we d/as us. 他没我们交的税款多。
可用(nt)nearly, almst, just, nthing like, exactly, nt quite, half, ne-ten, twice, three times, 30 per cent等修饰，并且这些修饰语必须置于第一个as之前，而不能置于其后。This rm is twice as large as that ne. 这个房间是那个房间的两个大。“as…as…”不表示比较的几个常见句型。Yu’re as gd as gld! 你表现得真好！Mther is as mad as all get ut. 母亲气疯了。
【名师指津】(1)as…as pssible/sb. can尽可能地……Please answer my questin as sn as pssible. 请尽快回答我的问题。As sn as his father went ut, the by ran t the cinema. 他的爸爸刚出门，那男孩就跑向电影院。The detective is searching the man as carefully as he can. 那个侦探正在尽可能仔细地搜查那个男子的身体。
(2)“as＋原级＋as＋另一原级”结构，表示某人或某物具有两种不同性质或特点，其意义是“又……又……”“既……又……”。He is as kind as hnest. 他既诚实又善良。He was as cvetus as cruel. 他既残酷又贪婪。She is as beautiful as slim. 她既漂亮又苗条。
(3)as lng as只要，引导条件状语从句I will stay with yu as lng as there is a rm free. 要是有一间空余的房间，我就留下来陪你。Yu may brrw this bk as lng as yu prmise t give it back. 只要你答应归还，你就可以把这书借走。
【针对练习】完成句子(1)I wish I were ___________ yu. 但愿我像你一样高。(2)I hpe this year is ___________ the last. 我希望您今年跟去年一样快乐。【答案】(1)as tall as　(2)as happy as
(3)I hpe I will be ___________ my mther. 我希望将来和我的母亲一样漂亮。(4)My granddaughter is ___________ a little dll. 我的孙女像小洋娃娃一样漂亮。(5)Yu are ___________ a picture. 你简直像画一样美丽。【答案】(3)as beautiful as　(4)as pretty as　(5)as beautiful as　
(6)The rm is ___________ a stve. 这屋子热得像火炉一样。(7)His hand is ___________ ice. 他的手和冰一样凉。 【答案】(6)as ht as　(7)as cld as
【例句观察】1．Can yu help me carry the bx upstairs?2．Lucy，please g t my ffice and bring yur exercise bk t the classrm. 3．Take an umbrella with yu. It’s raining. 4．My teacher asked me t fetch ur hmewrk here frm her ffice.
【我的领悟】以上句子的谓语分别为carry, bring, take, fetch, 这四个动词。如果用中文来表达，都含有“________”的意思。这在英语中，被归纳为“近义动词”，即verbs with similar meanings。Keys：带来；拿来
在英语中，很多动词的意思都类似、相近，如talk, say和speak，都可以表示“说；说话”。现在，我们简单地作一些归纳、总结。限于篇幅，以下仅归纳了10组。同时，也请同学们在课后有意识地收集、整理，以丰富、扩大自己的词汇量，从而更有助于英语学习。
1．辨析take，cst，spend和pay(1)spend多用人作主语，后接金钱或时间。spend…n sth. /(in)ding sth. 。I spent 15 yuan n this bk. 我花了15元买这本书。(2)take常用于 “It takes sb. sme time t d sth. ” 句型中。It takes me half an hur t g t schl by bike every day. 我每天花半小时骑自行车去上学。
(3)pay多用人作主语，常与fr连用，表示“付给……款”。I paid 15 yuan fr this new bk. 这本新书花了我15元钱。(4)cst常用物作主语，表示“花费多少钱”。This new bk cst me 15 yuan. 这本新书花了我15元钱。
2．辨析bring，take，get和carry(1)bring指将某物或某人从离说话人较远处“拿来”或“带来”，由远及近。Yu’d better finish yur hmewrk tday and bring it t schl tmrrw. 你最好今天把作业完成，明天将其带到学校来。May I bring Tm alng？我可不可以带汤姆一块来？
(2)take指将某物或某人从离说话人较近处“带到”或“拿到” 离说话人较远处，由近及远。Culd yu take the bk t the classrm? I am busy nw. 你能否把书拿到教室？我现在很忙。(3)get指从说话人所在位置到别处把某物拿来。Will yu get that bk fr me?你愿意去把那本书给我拿来吗？
(4)carry不强调动作来去的方向，只说明动作方式，表示“背着，扛着，提着，载着”等含义。The buses and taxis carry peple here and there. 公共汽车和出租车载着人们去各个地方。
3．辨析put n，wear，dress 和in(1)put n表示“穿上”，强调穿衣的动作，后接衣服作宾语，代词放中间。Here is yur cat. Put it n, Lucy. 露西，这是你的外套，把它穿上。(2)wear表示“穿着，戴着”，强调穿戴的状态，后接衣、帽等作宾语。She’s wearing a red hat and a blue jacket. 她戴着一顶红色帽子，穿着一件蓝色夹克。
(3)dress表示“给……穿衣服”，宾语为人。My mther is dressing herself. 我的妈妈正在穿衣服。(4)in后多接衣服的颜色，表示“穿着……颜色的衣服”。The man in black is my father. 穿黑衣服的那人是我的爸爸。
4．辨析lk up，lk fr，find和find ut(1)lk up表示“查找”，后接要查找的内容。(2)lk fr表示“寻找”，强调找的动作。(3)find表示“找到”，强调结果。(4)find ut表示“经过观察和调查，把某事、某物查出来”。
I dn’t knw the wrd. Let’s lk it up in the dictinary. 我不认识这个单词。咱们查一下词典吧。I have lked fr my English bk everywhere，but I can’t find it. 我到处找我的英语书，但我没找到它。The teacher wanted t find ut wh had brken the dr. 老师想查明是谁弄坏了门。
5．辨析reach，arrive和get(1)这三个单词都可表示“到达”，但只有reach是及物动词，后可直接接地名。We reached Shanghai at eight n Mnday. 在星期一8点，我们到达了上海。
(2)arrive须与in/at连用，“arrive in＋大地名”；“arrive at＋小地名”。We have already arrived in Shanghai. 我们已经到达上海。They arrived at schl at 6:30 yesterday. 昨天他们于六点半到达学校。
(3)get须与t连用，即“get t＋地点”。I gt t the Capital Cinema at 9:00．我9点到达首都影院。注意：当表示到达here，there，hme时，arrive或get后不要加介词。
6．辨析lend，brrw和keep(1)brrw指其逻辑主语从别处或别人那里“借来”东西，常与介词frm连用，常用于结构：brrw sth. frm sb. 借某人某物。May I brrw sme mney frm yu?我能从你那儿借些钱吗？
(2)lend指其逻辑主语将东西“借出、借给”别人，常与介词t连用，常用于结构：lend sth. t sb. 把某物借给某人。Culd yu lend me sme mney?你能借给我一些钱吗？(3)keep指“保存”，是延续性动词，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，而brrw和lend都是非延续性动词。Hw lng may I keep the bk?我能保留这本书多长时间？
7．辨析win和beat(1)win的宾语是比赛、战争、奖品、金钱等名词。Our ftball team wn the ftball game by 3 t 1．我们的足球队以3∶1的比分赢得了足球比赛。(2)beat的宾语则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。Our ftball team beat theirs by 3 t 1．我们的足球队以3∶1的比分打败了他们。
8．辨析hpe和wish(1)它们都表示“希望”，其后都可以接动词不定式和宾语从句。(2)hpe接的宾语从句常用将来时态，一般表示能够实现的希望，hpe不能接双宾语。(3)wish接的宾语从句常用虚拟语气表示难以实现的愿望，wish可以接双宾语。
hpe t d sth. (√)　hpe sb. t d sth. (×)wish sb. t d sth. (√)hpe sb. sth. (×) wish sb. sth. (√)I hpe t see yu again. 我希望能再次见到你。I wish I culd fly like a bird. 我希望我能像鸟儿一样飞翔。
9．辨析lk，see，watch和read(1)lk表示动作，须与at连用才能接宾语，表“朝……看”，强调看的方向。Lk at this picture carefully. 仔细地看这张图片。(2)see 强调看的结果。I can see a big huse in the picture. 我能从图片里看到一个大房子。
(3)watch强调“专注地看，仔细观看，注视”，有欣赏的意味，动作要持续一段时间，常用于看电视、看球赛等，也可以用于看电影。He desn’t like watching mvies. 他不喜欢看电影。(4)read指阅读，其后一般跟书、报纸、文章等。My father is reading a newspaper nw. 我的爸爸正在读报纸。
10．辨析jin，jin in和take part in都表示“参加”。(1)jin①指加入某组织并成为其中一员。When did yur brther jin the army?你弟弟什么时候参军的？
②和某人一起做某事，其结构为：jin sb. in (ding)sth. ，结合具体语境，in (ding)sth. 也可以省去。Will yu jin us in the discussin?你会加入我们的讨论吗？
(2)jin in多指参加小规模的活动，如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。Cme alng，and jin in the ball game. 一起来参加球赛。(3)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用。We’ll take part in scial practice during the summer vacatin. 我们将要在暑假期间参加社会实践活动。
请选择合适的词语并以其适当形式完成各组练习A组(get, arrive，reach )1．—Has yur uncle________？—Nt yet. 2．He was the first t ________ t the tp f the muntain. 3．Can yu ________ the picture n the wall?4．Last night they ________ at a little village and stayed there fr a whle night. 【答案】A组：1．arrived　2．get　3．reach　4．arrived
B组(beat, win)1．I can’t believe that their team can ________ urs. 2．Cme n！Yu must ________ the match. 3．Dn’t be nervus. Make sure yu will ________. 【答案】B组：1．beat　2．win　3．win
C组(brrw, lend, keep)1．—Can I ________ yur dictinary? —Sure. But yu can nly ________ it fr an hur. 2．My bike brke dwn n the way. A kind ld man ________ his bike t me. 【答案】C组：1．brrw; keep　2．lent
D组(wear, dress, put n)1．He ________ a black jacket tday. 2．The teacher ________ his hat and went ut f the ffice. 3．The mther ________ the child every day. 【答案】D组：1．wears　2．put n　3．dresses
一、单词拼写1．I culd have ________(哭泣) thinking abut what I’d missed. 2．Anything culd have happened in a ________(病房)．3．We have a beautiful city and we ________(祈祷) it stays that way. 4．The peace agreement has at least ________(暂时地) halted the civil war. 【答案】1．wept　2．ward　3．pray　4．temprarily
5．He did nt have any ________(身份证明) when he arrived at the hspital. 6．He expressed his ________(感激) fr what he called Saudi Arabia’s mderate and realistic il plicies. 7．I pened the bx and saw a piece f crystal snwflake and a g______ card with “Happy Birthday” in the blank paper. 【答案】5．identificatin　6．appreciatin　7．greeting
二、单句语法填空1．The plan was __________(general) welcmed. 2．Sarraute’s wrk cmbines __________(represent) with reflexibility. 3．The American mdel std ut fr its unity and its ________ (represent)．【答案】1．generally 2．representatin　3．representativeness　
4．Keep this mney fr yur ________(incident) expenses. 5．He tried t even ut the __________(distribute) f wrk amng his emplyees. 6．Within mnths, a Thai plice fficer was arrested and cnvicted f ____________ (murder) the jeweller. 【答案】4．incidental　5．distributin　6．murdering
三、完成句子1．Sue screamed, nt ludly, mre ________________than terrr. 苏尖叫起来，声音不大，与其说是害怕不如说是吃惊。2．They fund the bdy buried beneath ____________. 他们发现尸体被埋在一堆树叶下面。【答案】1．in surprise　2．a pile f leaves
3．Finally, since this is yur last chance, be sure and ______________ if yu want t ask a questin r make a cmment. 最后，既然这是你最后一次机会了，如果你有问题，或者有意见要发表，一定要举起手来。4．These wrkers ______________ being at the bttm f the pile when it cmes t pay. 这些工人受够了收入水平处于底层的苦恼。【答案】3．stick up yur hand　4．are fed up with