2021-2022学年山东省潍坊市高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析

这是一份2021-2022学年山东省潍坊市高二下学期期末考试英语试题含解析，共28页。

山东省潍坊市2021-2022学年高二下学期期末考试
英语试题
注意事项:
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分:听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the woman do at the weekend?
A. Watch a movie. B. Finish her homework. C. Go to soccer practice.
2. What did the woman do in the city?
A. She attended a show. B. She watched a football match. C. She enjoyed delicious food there.
3. Which part of the exam was difficult last year?
A. Speaking. B. Reading. C. Listening.
4. Why does the woman need the man to sign the form?
A. To join a club. B. To go to the theater. C. To organize a charity event.
5. Where does the conversation take place?
A. In a factory. B. In a tourist center. C. In a classroom.
第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6、7题。
6. Why do they disagree to go camping?
A. The site is too far. B. The kids don't like it. C. The weather isn't nice.
7. Where will the speakers probably go for the family activity?
A. To a park. B. To a theater. C. To a lake.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Father and daughter. B. Doctor and patient. C. Co-workers.
9. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Call the test center. B. Change his meeting schedule. C. Take his daughter to hospital.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Knowledge of tea. B. History of a tea farm. C. Tastes of different tea products.
11. Where is the woman probably from?
A. India. B. China. C. The UK.
12. How does the man know about tea?
A. By running a store. B. By working on a farm. C. By learning from his family.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How much does the American company need to pay?
A. $2 million. B. $8 million. C. $10 million.
14. How does the man probably feel about eating fish now?
A. Positive. B. Worried. C. Unconcerned.
15. What does the machine use to catch waste?
A. Chemicals. B. An electric eye. C. Nets.
16. Why does Sean invent the machine?
A. To get the credit. B. To help protect the ocean. C. To finish his chemistry project.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker?
A. An artist. B. A travel agent. C. A museum director.
18. What does the speaker invite the visitors to do?
A. Try painting by themselves. B. Take pictures of the paintings. C. Leave their suggestions of the tour.
19. How long will the tour probably last?
A. 15 minutes. B. 60 minutes. C. 75 minutes.
20. What is the speaker's favorite painting?
A. Last Supper. B. Mona Lisa. C. Scream.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Under Singapore’s Vaccinated Travel Framework, all travellers including Singapore citizens and permanent residents arriving from all countries/regions can enter Singapore without quarantine (隔离), testing or entry approvals if they meet the following requirements:
*Be a child born on or after 1 Jan. 2010 — children who meet this criteria can enter regardless of COVID-19 vaccination status (疫苗接种状态).
*Be fully vaccinated with WHO EUL vaccines if born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 (i. e. age 13 and above by year of birth) Mixed doses using these WHO EUL vaccines, and vaccination with recovery are also acceptable.
*Be vaccinated against Yellow Fever if you have visited Yellow Fever high risk countries/regions in Africa and Latin America — a valid Yellow Fever vaccination certificate is required.
Travellers born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 who do not meet the vaccination requirements above are considered non-fully vaccinated travellers. They will be subject to entry approvals, tests and quarantine. This includes travellers who:
*Are medically exempted (免除) from COVID-19 vaccination.
*Took non-WHO EUL vaccines only, and did not take the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
*Recovered from COVID-19 but did not complete the minimum dosage of WHO EUL COVID-19 vaccines.
Generally non-fully vaccinated long term pass holders and short-term visitors are not allowed to enter Singapore unless in exceptional circumstances.
Click the orange button below for a detailed checklist of travel requirements.
1. Who can enter Singapore without entry approvals?
A. A college graduate unvaccinated. B. A ten-year-old boy from Australia.
C. A Singaporean infected with COVID-19. D. A business man from Africa with Yellow Fever.
2. What will the non-fully vaccinated travelers do to enter Singapore?
A. Get a long term pass.
B. Take non-WHO EUL vaccines.
C. Have physical examination on a regular basis.
D. Provide entry approvals and receive tests and quarantine.
3. Where is this text probably taken from?
A. A textbook. B. A magazine. C. A website. D. A brochure.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了新加坡的入境要求。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“Be a child born on or after 1 Jan. 2010 — children who meet this criteria can enter regardless of COVID-19 vaccination status.(2010年1月1日或之后出生的儿童——符合这一标准的儿童无论是否处于COVID-19疫苗接种状态均可进入)”和第三段的“Be fully vaccinated with WHO EUL vaccines if born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 (i. e. age 13 and above by year of birth)(如在2009年12月31日或之前出生（即按出生年份划分为13岁及以上），应全面接种世卫组织EUL疫苗)”可知，现在是2022年，2010年1月1日或之后出生的儿童就应该是小于12岁的，因此一个来自澳大利亚的十岁男孩不需要入境许可就可以进入新加坡。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“Travellers born on or before 31 Dec. 2009 who do not meet the vaccination requirements above are considered non-fully vaccinated travellers. They will be subject to entry approvals, tests and quarantine.(在2009年12月31日或之前出生的旅行者，如果没有达到上述疫苗接种要求，将被视为未完全接种疫苗的旅行者。他们将接受入境许可、检测和隔离)”可知，未完全接种疫苗的旅行者要提供入境许可、检测和隔离。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Click the orange button below for a detailed checklist of travel requirements.(点击下面的橙色按钮查看详细的旅行需求清单)”可知，文章可能是从网站上摘录的。故选C。
B

Liang Kaiyu, a 30-year-old engineer, lost his left leg above the knee in an explosion when testing his self-built automatic electronic motor in January2020. He used his engineering skills to make his prosthetic(假肢的) leg more comfortable and powerful than a real leg.
“I have experienced some awkward moments while using the prosthetic leg, which has made me think about how to upgrade it.” Liang says, “Security checks when traveling, especially at airports, can be a bit problematic: others include trying on clothes in fitting rooms, shoes at shopping malls, and changing from ‘feet’ to a running blade before jogging.” Since late 2020, he has upgraded his high-tech prosthesis. One of the latest upgrades is the addition of colored LED lights to his running blade.
He has become an overnight internet hit on short-video streaming platforms for sharing his designs and upgrades on his high-tech prosthetic leg to make it close to, or even better than, a real one. Liang says, “Although China has millions of amputees(截肢患者), people with a prosthesis are still a rare sight on the street. I hope my videos can be inspiring to people struggling through tough times, just like I have been through. Even a smile will make it worth it.”
Since his optimism and courage made national headlines, Liang has gone viral on social media. On micro-blogging platform Sina Weibo, his story has gained more than 21 million views so far. Many users refer to him by the nickname “Iron Leg Man”. “What amazes me most is not your skills, but your confidence after such a disaster,” a netizen named Modaren says.
To advance functional performance and help amputees maintain or regain their freedom of movement, Liang has provided his experience and suggestions to several prosthetics companies. “If there is a good opportunity, I want to make high-tech prosthetics accessible and affordable to more amputees in China,” Liang says.
4. What caused Liang to upgrade his prosthetic leg?
A. His plan to run faster. B. The quality of his prosthetic leg.
C. His enthusiasm for innovation. D. The inconveniences from his prosthetic leg.
5. Why does Liang share his videos?
A. To earn his living. B. To attract more followers.
C. To encourage the people in trouble. D. To show off his professional skills.
6. Which of the following can best describe Liang?
A. Optimistic and confident. B. Honest and courageous.
C. Determined and modest. D. Considerate and humorous.
7. What can we learn from the story?
A. Two heads are better than one.
B. It’s never too late to do what you like.
C. What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger.
D. A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了工程师梁开宇升级了自己的高科技假肢，并在短视频平台上分享这一切，从而一夜爆红。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段““I have experienced some awkward moments while using the prosthetic leg, which has made me think about how to upgrade it.” Liang says, “Security checks when traveling, especially at airports, can be a bit problematic: others include trying on clothes in fitting rooms, shoes at shopping malls, and changing from ‘feet’ to a running blade before jogging.”(“在使用假肢时，我经历了一些尴尬的时刻，这让我思考如何升级它。”梁说：“旅行时的安全检查，尤其是在机场，可能会有一些问题：其他包括在试衣间试穿衣服，在购物中心试穿鞋子，以及在慢跑前把‘脚’换成跑步刀。”)”可知，他之所以要升级自己的假肢，是因为他的假肢给他的生活带来诸多不便。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Liang says, “Although China has millions of amputees(截肢患者), people with a prosthesis are still a rare sight on the street. I hope my videos can be inspiring to people struggling through tough times, just like I have been through. Even a smile will make it worth it.”(梁说：“虽然中国有数百万截肢者，但街上戴着假肢的人仍然很少见。我希望我的视频能激励那些和我一样在艰难时期挣扎的人。即使是一个微笑也会让它变得值得。”)”可知，他分享短视频的目的是为了鼓舞那些处于困境的人。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Since his optimism and courage made national headlines, Liang has gone viral on social media.(自从他的乐观和勇气成为全国头条新闻后，梁在社交媒体上走红。)”可知，他很乐观；再根据第四段““What amazes me most is not your skills, but your confidence after such a disaster,” a netizen named Modaren says.(网友Modaren说：“最让我惊讶的不是你的技能，而是你在灾难之后的自信。”)”可推断，他是一个自信的人。综上，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，梁开宇由于意外而失去了膝盖以上的左腿，并戴上了假肢，但是他并没有被困难击倒，反而利用自己的工程技术是自己的假肢比真腿更加舒适、有力。即，他并没有被困难打倒，并且用自己所长使自己更强大。选项A“Two heads are better than one. (三个臭皮匠顶一个诸葛亮。)”；选项B“It’s never too late to do what you like. (做自己喜欢的事，永远都不晚。)”；选项C“What doesn’t kill you makes you stronger. (杀不死你的，会让你更强大。)”；选项D“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. (千里之行，始于足下。)”。选项C最符合文意，故选C。
C
Called “America’s wolf”, the red wolf is the only large predator whose historic range is found entirely within the United States, stretching from Texas to New England. But hunting gradually reduced its range, and it was declared extinct in the wild in 1980.
Recovery efforts in the wild began in 1987 on the Alligator River National Wildlife Refuge. In a ground-breaking successful experiment, eight captive(圈养的) wolves were released this year into North Carolina, eventually growing into a population over 100, reaching a peak of around 120 wolves in 2012. But illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service resulted in their numbers plummeting.
In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups(幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn’t go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.
To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.
The Service also recently announced it would withdraw a2O18 proposal to shrink(缩小) the red wolves’ protected area in North Carolina by 90 percent, after a lawsuit accused the agency of going against the Endangered Species Act. Ron Sutherland of the Wildlands Network says it’s crucial that the agency has abandoned this wrong-headed proposal. And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018—this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.
8. What does the underlined word “plummeting” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Promising. B. Declining. C. Multiplying. D. Increasing.
9. What can we infer from paragraph 3?
A. The released wolves lived well.
B. The population boosted after the release.
C. The red wolf faced greater threat than before.
D. The released red wolves still needed protection.
10. What would the Service do to save red wolves?
A. Shrink the red wolves’ reserves.
B. Make a proposal to protect the red wolves.
C. Put some red wolves in some specific places.
D Force the protected area into the state of emergency.
11. What does the text focus on?
A. The protection of red wolves. B. Challenges faced by red wolves.
C. Reasons for red wolves extinction. D. The relationship between red wolves and humans.
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由于非法捕猎和鱼类及野生动物管理局的管理改变而使得红狼数量急剧下降。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词的主语“illegal hunting and management changes by the Fish and Wildlife Service(非法捕猎和鱼类及野生动物管理局的管理改变)”和常识可知，非法捕猎会导致动物数量的下降。选项A“Promising (承诺)”；选项B“Declining (下降)”；选项C“Multiplying (相乘)”；选项D“Increasing (增加)”。故选B。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“In the spring, conservationists celebrated a small bit of good news when four captive-born pups(幼兽) were placed into a cave and successfully adopted by a wild red wolf mother. Meanwhile, another four adults were released into the wild. The pups are thought to be still alive and healthy. But the adults didn’t go well. In the months after release, three were struck by cars and killed, and the fourth was fatally shot on private land.(今年春天，环保主义者庆祝了一个小小的好消息：四只圈养出生的红狼幼崽被放进一个洞穴，成功地被一只野生红狼妈妈收养。与此同时，另外四只成年红狼被放归野外。这些幼崽被认为仍然活着，健康。但成年红狼并不顺利。在释放后的几个月里，三头被汽车撞死，第四头在私人土地上被枪杀。)”可推断，被放生野外的红狼还需要保护。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“To boost the population after these deaths, the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced in November that it planned to release nine adult red wolves into their recovery area this winter, land within and surrounding two wildlife reserves.(在这些死亡事件后，为了增加红狼的数量，美国鱼类和野生动物管理局在11月宣布，计划在今年冬天释放9只成年红狼到它们的恢复区，即两个野生动物保护区及其周围的土地上。)”可知，该机构计划今年释放一些红狼到特定的地区。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“And yet the situation now is even more urgent than it was in 2018—this should launch the conservation community in the U. S. into crisis mode to save this species and bring it back from the extinction.(然而，现在的情况甚至比2018年更紧迫——这应该启动美国的保护社区进入危机模式，以拯救这个物种，并使其从灭绝中恢复。)”及全文可知，文章第一段和第二段主要讲了红狼的数量减少，而之后的段落主要讲述的是如何保护红狼。所以这篇文章的重点是保护红狼。故选A。
D
Interspecies was once a technical term used in science to describe how one species got along with another. Now it is a word of more consequence: it arouses the new connections between humans and non-humans that are being made possible by technology. In Ways of Being, James Bridle, a British artist and technology writer, explores what this means for understanding the many non-human intelligences on Earth.
Mr Bridle makes clear that three kinds of minds are now interacting: human, non-human and machine. Using artificial intelligence (AI), machines will in future have the capability to interpose (使介入) themselves as translators between humans and other biological life forms.
It is true that profit is the main motive for advances in AI; as yet nature does not get much of a look in, and non-human intelligences go unexplored outside zoology departments. Computing is as focused on humans as ever, even as climate change and biodiversity-loss suggest it should devote much greater attention to other species.
The first step towards an interspecies future, Mr Bridle argues, is showing more appreciation for other forms of intelligence. To some extent, this is already happening. For example, through films and other initiatives many people now know that octopuses (章鱼) have an advanced and strange intelligence. The next step, Mr Bridle declares, is recognizing that people live in a “more than human” world. Other intelligences have developed from a common evolutionary base, and they overlap (重叠) in ways that science is just beginning to discover.
Ways of Being would have benefited from sharper editing. Yet, in making clear the patience, imagination and humility required to better know and protect other forms of intelligence on Earth, he has made an admirable contribution to the dawning interspecies age.
12. Which of the following best illustrates the term “interspecies”?
A. A wolf hunts a rabbit. B. A robot does housework.
C. A lady walks her dog. D. A boy records a video for squirrels.
13. What does AI lay emphasis on nowadays?
A. Biodiversity. B. Other species. C. Humans. D. Climate change.
14. What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A. The characteristics of species evolution.
B. Expectations for the future development of AI.
C. Suggestions on future exploration of interspecies.
D. The importance of appreciation for other forms of intelligence.
15. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to Ways of Being?
A. Skeptical. B. Favorable. C. Tolerant. D. Conservative.
【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能正在改变人们与其他生物之间的关系。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Interspecies was once a technical term used in science to describe how one species got along with another. Now it is a word of more consequence: it arouses the new connections between humans and non-humans that are being made possible by technology. (物种间曾经是一个科学术语，用来描述一个物种如何与另一个物种相处。现在，它是一个更重要的词：它唤起了人类和非人类之间的新联系，而这种联系正因技术而成为可能)”可知，“物种间”这个术语是指人类和非人类之间的新联系。由此推断，“一个男孩给松鼠录了一段视频”最能说明这个术语。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Computing is as focused on humans as ever, even as climate change and biodiversity-loss suggest it should devote much greater attention to other species. (尽管气候变化和生物多样性丧失表明计算机应该更多地关注其他物种，但它仍然一如既往地关注人类)”可知，现在人工智能的重点是人类。故选C。
【14题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“The first step towards an interspecies future, Mr Bridle argues, is showing more appreciation for other forms of intelligence. (布瑞德先生认为，迈向跨物种未来的第一步是对其他形式的智力表现出更多的欣赏)”可知，本段主要介绍对未来物种间探索的建议。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ways of Being would have benefited from sharper editing. Yet, in making clear the patience, imagination and humility required to better know and protect other forms of intelligence on Earth, he has made an admirable contribution to the dawning interspecies age. (《存在之道》本可以从更尖锐的剪辑中获益。然而，在阐明更好地了解和保护地球上其他形式的智能所需的耐心、想象力和谦逊方面，他为跨物种时代的到来做出了令人钦佩的贡献)”可推断，作者对《存在之道》的态度是赞同的。故选B。
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
World in a dish: The garden path
Imagine a plate holding two strawberries, identical in appearance. One came from the supermarket, meaning it was probably harvested when it was still unripe, loaded onto a refrigerated truck and driven hundreds of miles. ___16___ The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.
The first one will probably taste like a slightly soft cucumber, with light berry flavors and strong sour tastes. The second is likely to be sweet and floral; the flavor will stay in the mouth, as the pleasant smell will on the hands. ___17___ They are convenient and available in the northern hemisphere(北半球) in February.
___18___ This attitude misunderstands the ultimate appeal of gardening. It mistakes the product for the purpose. It is true that a garden can produce peas that offer a taste of spring while finding tomatoes in the shops can take some time, effort and expense.
A garden, especially in the early years, can also produce little but frustration. Beginning gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil. Squirrels have an annoying habit of taking single bites of cucumbers, beans and tomatoes, then leaving the rest on the vine(藤) to rot. ___19___
No matter. ___20___ The deepest pleasure—as with cooking, writing, bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself. To garden is to patiently, lovingly and diligently help life flourish, in the ground and above it.
A. The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it.
B. Growing your own vegetables ensures a reliable supply.
C. Well-stocked supermarket shelves are available all week.
D. Some columnists long considered gardening a waste of time.
E. However, supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages.
F. By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the vine for two weeks.
G. And even expert gardeners can lose a season's harvest to uncooperative weather.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了园艺的意义就是耐心地、慈爱地、勤勉地帮助生命在地上和地上蓬勃发展。
【16题详解】
根据空后的“The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.(另一个草莓是在吃之前几分钟从花园里摘的。)”可知，空处仍然在讨论第一种草莓的来源；而上文提到第一种草莓是来自超市，在冷藏卡车里被运来的。选项F“By the time it reached the plate it may have been off the vine for two weeks.(当它到达盘子时，它可能已经从藤上脱落两周了。)”与上文内容一致，仍然在介绍第一种被运到超市售出的草莓。故选F。
【17题详解】
根据空后的“They are convenient and available in the northern hemisphere(北半球) in February.(它们在北半球的2月份是方便和可用的。)”可知，在北半球的二月份能够获得的草莓是第一种草莓，所以可以推测空处需要提到第一种草莓。选项E“However, supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages.(然而，超市里的草莓也不是完全没有优势。)”引出下文，符合文意。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据空后的“This attitude misunderstands the ultimate appeal of gardening. It mistakes the product for the purpose.(这种态度误解了园艺的终极吸引力。它把产品错当成了目的。)”可知，空处需要提到一种错误的看法。选项D“Some columnists long considered gardening a waste of time.(一些专栏作家长期以来认为园艺是浪费时间。)”引出下文，同时和下文的“this attitude”一致。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“A garden, especially in the early years, can also produce little but frustration. Beginning gardeners may plant the wrong crops for their soil. Squirrels have an annoying habit of taking single bites of cucumbers, beans and tomatoes, then leaving the rest on the vine(藤) to rot.(一个花园，尤其是在早期的几年里，除了挫折，也能产生很少的东西。初学园艺的人可能种错了适合自己土壤的作物。松鼠有一个讨厌的习惯，就是只咬一口黄瓜、豆类和西红柿，然后把剩下的留在藤蔓上腐烂。)”提到的都是园艺带给人们的沮丧和挫败感。选项G“And even expert gardeners can lose a season's harvest to uncooperative weather.(即使是园艺专家也可能因为不配合的天气而失去一个季节的收成。)”同样提到园艺人所得到的挫败感，与上文内容一致。故选G。
【20题详解】
根据空后的“The deepest pleasure—as with cooking, writing, bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself.(最深层次的乐趣——就像烹饪、写作、抚养孩子或几乎任何有价值的事情一样——在于工作本身。)”可知，本段讲述的是园艺真正的乐趣。选项A“The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it.(园艺的真正乐趣在于花时间做它。)”与下文内容一致。故选A。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My relief staff person called in sick, leaving me alone a whole day in the daytime homeless shelter. The shelter provided a place for the homeless to come inside and have coffee, and there is a ___21___: If you left the shelter, you took your ___22___ with you.
A client named Mary ___23___ the coffee table, counting her coins. She said, “I know it’s ___24___ the rules, but can I leave my bags here for five minutes? I’ll be right back.” Since she was the only person there and I was the only one ___25___, I agreed, ___26___ her that she had to return for her bags.
True to her word, Mary came back within minutes and ___27___ a Burger King bag on the desk in front of me. She said, “You can’t be here ___28___ all day and have nothing to eat.”
I felt ___29___. I knew that to ____30____ her gift would deeply embarrass her. I also knew that she had spent the ____31____ of her money to buy my lunch. I asked Mary to share the hamburger with me, but she refused, ____32____ I needed it more. She ____33____ as I took the first bite.
I realized that in accepting her gift I gave her something— ____34____ that she could be ____35____ with what little she had. She had no idea, of course, that she gave me much more than a hamburger that day.
21 A. ban B. rule C. law D. contract
22. A. leftovers B. application C. belongings D. coffee
23. A. moved over B. took over C. leaned over D. knocked over
24. A. against B. about C. for D. within
25. A. in charge B. in trouble C. in conflict D. in negotiation
26. A. warning B. informing C. convincing D. reminding
27. A. set B. distributed C. checked D. spotted
28. A. bored B. alone C. dynamic D. desperate
29. A. ashamed B. puzzled C. shocked D. annoyed
30. A. accept B. unwrap C. refuse D. ignore
31. A. least B. last C. double D. amount
32. A. insisting B. confirming C. arguing D. opposing
33. A. left B. sighed C. smiled D. agreed
34. A. capacity B. pride C. content D. relaxation
35. A. ambitious B. reliable C. responsible D. generous
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位无家可归的人为作者买汉堡包作为午餐的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：收容所为无家可归的人提供了进来喝咖啡的地方，而且有一条规定：如果你离开收容所，你必须带上你的随身物品。 A. ban禁令；B. rule规则；C. law法律；D. contract合同。根据“If you left the shelter, you took your ___2___ with you.”和“I know it’s ___4___ the rules,”可知，离开收容所，必须带上随身物品，是收容所的规定。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：收容所为无家可归的人提供了进来喝咖啡的地方，而且有一条规定：如果你离开收容所，你必须带上你的随身物品。 A. leftovers残余物；B. application申请；C. belongings所有物；D. coffee咖啡。根据“I know it’s ___4___ the rules, but can I leave my bags here for five minutes?”可知，无家可归的人离开收容所，必须带上随身物品。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一位名叫玛丽的顾客趴在咖啡桌上，数着她的硬币。A. moved over挪开；B. took over接管；C. leaned over倾身；D. knocked over撞倒。根据“counting her coins.”可知，玛丽趴在咖啡桌数硬币。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我知道这是违反规定的，但是我可以把我的包放在这里五分钟吗?我马上回来。”A. against违反；B. about关于；C. for支持；D. within在内。根据“The shelter provided a place for the homeless to come inside and have coffee, and there is a ___1___: If you left the shelter, you took your ___2___ with you.”可知，把包放在收容所是违反规定的。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：因为她是那里唯一的人，而我是唯一的负责人，我同意了，并提醒她必须回去拿她的包。A. in charge负责；B. in trouble处于困境；C. in conflict有矛盾；D. in negotiation在谈判中。根据“My relief staff person called in sick, leaving me alone a whole day in the daytime homeless shelter.”可知，因为员工生病请假，作者是唯一的负责人。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为她是那里唯一的人，而我是唯一的负责人，我同意了，并提醒她必须回去拿她的包。A. warning警告；B. informing通知；C. convincing信服；D. reminding提醒。根据“that she had to return for her bags.”可知，作者提醒玛丽必须回来拿走她的包。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不出几分钟，玛丽就回来了，把一个汉堡王包放在我面前的桌子上。A. set设置；放；B. distributed打扰；C. checked核对；D. spotted认出。根据“on the desk in front of me.”可知，玛丽出去买了一个汉堡包放到作者的面前。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她说：“你不能整天一个人待在这里，什么都没吃。”A. bored无聊的；B. alone独自一人的；C. dynamic有活力的；D. desperate绝望的。根据文章第一句“My relief staff person called in sick, leaving me alone a whole day in the daytime homeless shelter.”可知，作者独自一个人在收容所。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到惭愧。A. ashamed感到惭愧的；B. puzzled困惑的；C. shocked震惊的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据“I knew that to ___10___ her gift would deeply embarrass her. I also knew that she had spent the ___11___ of her money to buy my lunch.”可知，一个无家可归的人为作者买午餐，作者感到很羞愧。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道拒绝她的礼物会让她很难堪。A. accept接受；B. unwrap打开；C. refuse拒绝；D. ignore忽略。根据“would deeply embarrass her.”可知，拒绝玛丽的礼物，会让她很尴尬。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还知道她花了她最后的钱给我买午餐。A. least最小；B. last最后的人或物；C. double双份；D. amount数量。根据“A client named Mary ___3___ the coffee table, counting her coins.”可知，这是玛丽最后的钱。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我请玛丽和我一起吃汉堡包，但她拒绝了，坚持要我需要多吃一点。A. insisting坚持；B. confirming证实；C. arguing争论；D. opposing反对。根据“I asked Mary to share the hamburger with me, but she refused,”可知，玛丽拒绝与作者分享汉堡包，坚持作者多吃一点。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我咬第一口时，她笑了。 A. left离开；B. sighed叹息；C. smiled微笑；D. agreed同意。根据语境和“as I took the first bite.”可知，玛丽特意给作者买吃的，看到作者开始吃了，玛丽笑了。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，在接受她的礼物时，我也给了她一些东西——她对自己能慷慨地对待自己仅有的一点东西感到自豪。A. capacity能力；B. pride自豪；C. content内容；D. relaxation消遣。根据“she could be ___15___ with what little she had.”可知，玛丽为自己的绵薄之力感到自豪。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，在接受她的礼物时，我也给了她一些东西——她对自己能慷慨地对待自己仅有的一点东西感到自豪。A. ambitious有雄心的；B. reliable可靠的；C. responsible负责的；D. generous慷慨的。be generous with在……方面慷慨。根据上文玛丽用自己仅有的钱买汉堡推知，玛丽为自己的慷慨感到自豪。故选D。
第二节（共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has detailed measures to boost its climate change monitoring and risk prevention capabilities, marking a significant step forward in the country’s efforts ___36___ (enhance) its climate resilience(气候适应性) .
The country will seek to build a climate-resilient society ___37___ climate change monitoring and early warning capability will reach an advanced level globally and the climate risk management and prevention system will ___38___ basic mature, according to the national climate change adaptation strategy 2035, jointly ___39___ (publish) by 17 departments including the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
The first time China ___40___ (issue) a national climate change adaptation strategy, China took measures to prevent and control major climate-related disaster risks ___41___ an effective manner, and greatly improved the technical and standard system for adapting to climate change. Since then, positive results ___42___ (achieve) in improving adaptation to climate change in key regions and industries.
As the global climate ___43___ (far) warms, the long-term unfavorable effects and extreme weather events brought about by climate change will pose ___44___ increasingly serious threat to China’s economic development. The document underlined measures to improve climate change monitoring and forecasting services, enhance assessment of climate change impacts and risks, and ____45____ (strength) disaster prevention.
【答案】36. to enhance
37. where 38. basically
39. published
40. issued 41. in
42. have been achieved
43. further
44. an 45. strengthen
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国已经采取了详细的措施来提高气候变化监测和风险预防能力，这标志着中国在提高气候适应能力方面迈出了重要的一步。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国已经采取了详细措施来提高气候变化监测和风险预防能力，这标志着中国在提高气候适应能力方面迈出了重要的一步。非谓语动词担当名词effort的后置定语，用不定式。故填to enhance。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：根据生态环境部等17个部门联合印发的《国家气候变化适应战略2035》，要努力建设气候变化抗灾社会，在这个社会中，气候变化监测预警能力达到全球先进水平，气候风险管理和预防体系基本成熟。句中先行词为society，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：根据生态环境部等17个部门联合印发的《国家气候变化适应战略2035》，要努力建设气候变化抗灾社会，在这个社会中，气候变化监测预警能力达到全球先进水平，气候风险管理和预防体系基本成熟。修饰形容词mature，用副词形式。故填basically。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据生态环境部等17个部门联合印发的《国家气候变化适应战略2035》，要努力建设气候变化抗灾社会，在这个社会中，气候变化监测预警能力达到全球先进水平，气候风险管理和预防体系基本成熟。修饰词the national climate change adaptation strategy 2035与publish之间存在被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。故填published。
【40题详解】
考查时态。句意：中国首次发布国家适应气候变化战略，有效防控重大气候灾害风险，大幅完善适应气候变化的技术标准体系。此处是时间状语从句的谓语动词，根据主句时态took可知，从句为一般过去时。故填issued。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国首次发布国家适应气候变化战略，有效防控重大气候灾害风险，大幅完善适应气候变化的技术标准体系。短语：in a(n) …manner以……方式。故填in。
【42题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：从那之后，重点地区和重点行业适应气候变化工作取得积极成效。根据时间状语since then，可判断时态为现在完成时；主语为results，复数，和动词achieve之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填have been achieved。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：随着全球气候进一步变暖，气候变化带来的长期不利影响和极端天气事件将对中国经济发展构成日益严重的威胁。修饰动词warm，用副词形式。注意further和farther之间的区别：farther一般只用于表示有形距离，是指距离（空间地点）或时间上更远的。而further既可表示有形距离，又可表示程度上进一步的“更远地”、“更多地”、“进一步”。本空为程度上地进一步。故填further。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：随着全球气候进一步变暖，气候变化带来的长期不利影响和极端天气事件将对中国经济发展构成日益严重的威胁。修饰可数名词单数threat，此处是泛指，用不定冠词。由于increasingly发音为元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：文件强调了加强气候变化监测预报服务、加强气候变化影响和风险评估、加强灾害预防等措施。本句非谓语动词担当measure的后置定语用不定式，空处为并列不定式的第三个，省略不定式符号to。故填strengthen。
第三节 单词拼写（共5 小题;每小题1分，满分5分）
根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. Claire gradually admired his wisdom and i________ (正直) and began to trust him.(根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】integrity##ntegrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：克莱尔渐渐欣赏他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他。his后跟名词，由首字母提示i可知，“正直”是integrity，是不可数名词，故填integrity。
47. My muscles were aching and my knees shaking as we d________ (拖，拽) ourselves down the mountain towards home. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】dragged##ragged
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当我们拖着身子下山回家时，我的肌肉酸痛，膝盖颤抖。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。根据中英文提示及句意。故填dragged。
48. Baby kangaroos sleep and drink milk in that t________ (暂时的), protected environment until they are about seven or eight months old. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】temporary##emporary
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：小袋鼠在这个临时的、受保护的环境中睡觉和喝奶，直到它们7、8个月大。修饰名词environment，用形容词形式。根据中英文提示及句意，故填temporary。
49. The aim of the Belt and Road initiative is to improve the b________ (关系) between China and the rest of the world. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】bonds##onds
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：“一带一路”倡议的目的是改善中国和世界其他国家之间的纽带。结合句子结构和首字母以及汉语提示可知，名词bond符合题意，可数名词，根据“between China and the rest of the world”可知，用复数形式。故填bonds。
50. Some people know what they want to do from a young age, but many others just have a few ideas b________ (晃动) around in their heads. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】bouncing##ouncing
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：有些人从小就知道自己想做什么，但也有许多人只是脑子里蹦蹦跳跳着一些想法。名词ideas与bounce之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。根据中英文提示及句意，故填bouncing。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 近来，青岛胶州湾海星泛滥，给渔民造成巨大损失，请你以“Starfish Flooded the Seashore”为标题给班级英语角写一篇短文，内容包括：
1.导致该现象的原因（全球变暖、天敌减少等）；
2.你对该现象的看法。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Starfish Flooded the Seashore
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【答案】Starfish Flooded the Seashore
It’s reported that over-growing starfish have flooded the seashore in Qingdao, causing heavy losses to the local fishing industry, which drives us to think about it.
For one thing, global warming causes a rise in ocean temperature, which, in turn, allows starfish to multiply out of control. For another, overfishing results in the reduction of its natural enemies, worsening the situation.
Personally, the ocean is our home rich in resources, but very sensitive. It’s our responsibility to protect it.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生以“Starfish Flooded the Seashore”为标题给班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍导致该现象的原因和自己的看法。
【详解】1.词汇积累
迫使：drive→ urge/push
导致：cause → result in/lead to
就我个人而言：personally → from my point of view/for me
责任：responsibility→ duty
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：For another, overfishing results in the reduction of its natural enemies, worsening the situation.
拓展句：For another, overfishing results in the reduction of its natural enemies, which worsens the situation.
【点睛】【高分句型1】It’s reported that over-growing starfish have flooded the seashore in Qingdao, causing heavy losses to the local fishing industry, which drives us to think about it.（运用了that引导的主语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】For one thing, global warming causes a rise in ocean temperature, which, in turn, allows starfish to multiply out of control.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Tomorrow-represents hope
Every day, on the way to and from school I passed by a children's hospital. One morning, as I was hurrying to school, I noticed a child staring out of a small window on the first floor. The next minute I accidentally tripped, leaving my feet in the air. As I slowly pulled myself up and dusted myself off, I looked up again and saw the child laughing. In spite of my situation, I was pleased to have made someone laugh. I bowed as though I were a performer. The child clapped and waved at me, As I stepped closer, I saw that the girl’s head was bald (光秃的), a sign that she was a cancer patient. I quickly waved one last time to her before making my way to school.
The next morning and the next, I looked out for the little girl and waved to her, jigging (蹦跳) just to make her laugh. I thought about her and wondered what her life must be like. “Tomorrow and tomorrow and tomorrow, Creeps (爬行) in this petty pace from day to day.” Those lines from a Shakespearean poem I had learned in school came to my mind. Was that how the child lived from day to day?
I felt the urge to visit the child. I went to the hospital and looked for the room facing the road. I found the little girl. She was thin and pale. When she saw me, her eyes widened with recognition and she welcomed me with a shy smile. I talked to her a bit and learned her name, Suki. The nurse who saw me talking to her later told me that Suki was a leukemia patient. Her navy officer father was a single parent and was on duty outside the country. The nurse encouraged me to visit Suki so that she would not be so lonesome. As I was leaving, Suki called tome, “Tomorrow?” I understood and said, “Yes, tomorrow.”
注意：
1.续写的词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After that, I dropped in on Suki after school every day.
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Two months later, Suki told me good news.
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【答案】After that, I dropped in on Suki after school every day. We chatted casually about our own hobbies, favorite food and even the plans for the future. We played card games and read together. Even though Suki was only ten, I found that I could get along with her very well. I was not visiting her out of pity. I really looked forward to her company. At the end of each visit, she always asked, “Tomorrow?” and my reply was always, “Yes, tomorrow.”
Two months later, Suki told me good news. She was well enough to be discharged from the hospital. On my last visit, she gave me an envelope, and said it contained her email address. I promised to write. In her letter, Suki thanked me and told me how my answer to her question “Tomorrow?” had given her hope from day to day. She believed that she recovered because of this. At the end of the letter, she wrote “Tomorrow?” followed by her email address. I smiled and said to myself, “Yes, Suki, tomorrow.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者在上学和放学的路上，都会经过一家儿童医院。一天作者不小心摔了一跤，作者发现一个光秃头发的小女孩在笑。作者第二天和第三天早上继续寻找这个女孩，向她挥挥手，蹦蹦跳跳，只是为了逗她笑。最终作者决定去医院看望小女孩，在离别的时候，小女孩问作者明天是否还来的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“从那以后，我每天放学都去看苏琪。”可知，第一段可描写作者和苏琪在医院里的相处。
②由第二段首句内容“两个月后，苏琪告诉我一个好消息。”可知，第二段可描写苏琪出院了，但作者依然每天给她写电子邮件。
2.续写线索：每天看望——陪伴——期待——康复——答应
3.词汇激活
行为类
① 闲谈：chat/have a chat
② 与某友好相处人：get along with sb. / get on with sb.
③ 康复：be well enough /recover/restore
情绪类
① 感谢：thank/be grateful
② 出于同情：out of pity /out of sympathy
【点睛】[高分句型1] Even though Suki was only ten, I found that I could get along with her very well.（运用了even though引导的让步状语从句和that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] At the end of the letter, she wrote “Tomorrow?” followed by her email address.（运用了过去分词作后置定语）
听力答案：1-5 AABBC 6-10 AACBA 11-15 CAABC 16-20 BCCCB