2022届河南省许平汝联盟高三下学期核心模拟卷（六）英语试题含答案

这是一份2022届河南省许平汝联盟高三下学期核心模拟卷（六）英语试题含答案，共26页。试卷主要包含了阅读理解，七选五，完形填空，用单词的适当形式完成短文，短文改错，开放性作文等内容，欢迎下载使用。

2022届河南省许平汝联盟高三下学期核心模拟卷（六）英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Climate Science fiction (cli-fi) authors have been exploring the impact of weather-gone-wild for decades. Here are a few of them that still ring true today.
The Crystal World
J. G. Ballard is often considered the godfather of cli-fi. The famous British author’s novels of the 1960s, including The Burning World, The Drowned World and The Wind From Nowhere, imagine terrible climate-based disasters.
But they’re all too gentle in nature compared with his first truly mature work, The Crystal World. In a sense, The Crystal World is a horror novel-instead of the horror happening to a person, it’s happening to Earth.
Hothouse
Brian Aldiss’ Hothouse — a series of short stories published in 1962 — remains one of the most extreme visions of climate change. In it, Earth of the furthest future has changed so completely that it’s nearly unrecognizable. Humans struggle to survive in this strange world of heat waves — which, admittedly, isn’t very scientifically possible but is all the more wonderful because of Aldiss’ unbound imagination.
The Ice Schooner
The climate change in Michael Moorcock’s 1969 novel The Ice Schooner is man-made in a different way: It’s caused by a long, extreme winter that settles around Earth following a nuclear war. The book presents a world where a new ice age has resulted in a frozen planet. There’s nothing scientific about Moorcock’s setting. But it does warn, in its own way, of the disastrous climate change that humanity can bring to the world.
Ice
Anna Kavan’s Ice, like Ballard’s The Crystal World, is filled with far more symbolism than the typical early cli-fi novel. In the freezing environment of Kavan’s 1967 book, a nuclear war has led to massive global climate change that has turned the world into another Siberia.
1．Which book contains the most frightening scenes?
A．The Burning World. B．The Drowned World.
C．The Crystal World. D．The Wind From Nowhere.
2．Who wrote Hothouse?
A．Anna Kavan. B．Brian Aldiss.
C．J. G. Ballard. D．Michael Moorcock.
3．What do the last two novels have in common?
A．They are based on scientific evidence. B．They were published in the same year.
C．They are about heat waves in the world. D．They imagine the results of a nuclear war.
【答案】1．C
2．B
3．D
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四本气候科幻小说。
1．
细节理解题。根据The Crystal World部分“But they’re all too gentle in nature compared with his first truly mature work, The Crystal World.In a sense, The Crystal World is a horror novel-instead of the horror happening to a person, it’s happening to Earth.(但与他的第一部真正成熟的作品《水晶世界》相比，它们在本质上都太温和了。从某种意义上说，《水晶世界》是一部恐怖小说，而不是发生在一个人身上的恐怖，而是发生在地球上的恐怖。)”可知，The Crystal World包含最可怕的场景。故选C项。
2．
细节理解题。根据Hothouse部分“Brian Aldiss’ Hothouse(布莱恩·阿尔迪斯的《温室》)”可知，布莱恩·阿尔迪斯写了Hothouse。故选B项。
3．
细节理解题。根据 The Ice Schooner部分“It’s caused by a long, extreme winter that settles around Earth following a nuclear war.(它是由核战争后在地球周围定居的漫长而极端的冬天造成的。)”以及Ice部分“In the freezing environment of Kavan’s 1967 book, a nuclear war has led to massive global climate change that has turned the world into another Siberia.(在卡万1967年书中的寒冷环境中，一场核战争导致了大规模的全球气候变化，把世界变成了另一个西伯利亚。)”可知，这两本书都想象了核战争带来的后果。故选D项。
Back in September, I took a small team from Motor Trend to see the Tesla Cybertruck. Tesla told us that we were the first outsiders, and the only newspaper to see the vehicle. So it’s fun for me to disclose how some of us reacted after seeing it for the first time.
Christian Seabaugh, Kim Reynolds, Mark Williams, Sean Holman, and I spent hours with the Tesla’s design team on a warm Friday afternoon, at Tesla’s design studio in Hawthorne, California.
When we left the studio and walked back to our car at the parking lot, everyone was quiet, lost in thought. We remained absolutely silent until we pulled out onto a busy street and saw regular cars and trucks, in traffic.
I was the first one to break the ice, “Can you imagine how crazy it will look when that truck is on the road, with regular cars?”
And with that, my colleagues unburdened themselves. Here are some choice thoughts.
“As a traditional truck person, I was dumbstruck when I walked in. What is that? Origami? A military vehicle or SUV? I wonder how will you see out of it? Wait, where’s the bed? I am still too surprised to think. I need a shower, a cigarette or a nap, in no particular order,” said Sean Holman.
“My first thought after entering the design studio was that the only thing missing in the space was anything remotely looking like what I would consider a Tesla truck. Nothing else but the military-styled video game concept in the center of the floor,” said Mark Williams.
“I’m impressed by how far Tesla was willing to go away from their existing design language. It is a high-risk design. It will dominate the conversation when it appears, and get good presale orders, but I wonder for how long?” said Kim Reynolds.
”When I first looked at the Tesla truck, my first thought was that I couldn’t believe what I was seeing. Are they images!? Wow, it’s really beautiful,” said Christian Seabaugh.
What is your reaction to Tesla’s Cybertruck? Love it? Hate it? Will you buy it?
4．Which of the following best explains “dumbstruck” underlined in paragraph 6?
A．Shocked. B．Scared. C．Worried D．Excited.
5．What does the Tesla Cybertruck most probably look like?
A．An ugly toy. B．A military car.
C．A traditional truck. D．A foldable bed.
6．What does Christian Seabaugh think of the truck?
A．Amazing. B．Ugly. C．Unpractical. D．Powerful.
7．What can be a suitable title for the text?
A．The Investment Risks in Tesla B．Our First Impressions of Cybertruck
C．My First Visit to Tesla’s Design Studio D．The Design Problems With Cybertruck
【答案】4．A
5．B
6．A
7．B
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记述了四名记者首次参观Tesla公司的电动卡车后的不同感受。
4．
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“I am still too surprised to think.(我仍然惊讶得不敢想)”可推断，Sean Holman当时非常震惊。由此可知，划线词意思是“震惊的”。故选A。
5．
细节理解题。根据第七段中“Nothing else but the military-styled video game concept in the center of the floor(地板中央只有军事风格的电子游戏概念)”可推断，该卡车可能很像军车。故选B。
6．
细节理解题。根据第九段中“Wow, it’s really beautiful(哇，真漂亮)”可知，Christian Seabaugh认为这车真的很酷。故选A。
7．
主旨大意题。根据第一段“So it’s fun for me to disclose how some of us reacted after seeing it for the first time.(所以对我来说，揭示我们中的一些人在第一次看到它时的反应是很有趣的)”结合文章主要记述了四名记者首次参观Tesla公司的电动卡车后的不同感受，可知，B选项“我们对Tesla公司电动卡车的第一印象”最适合作标题。故选B。
Male cockatoos (风头鹦鹉) might be the rock stars of the animal kingdom — but unsurprisingly, they mainly just do it for the female.
The Australian bird is the only animal other than humans known how to make tools to compose music, a new study says. While other animals, such as chimpanzees, enjoy drumming on sticks and logs, they don’t make their own musical tools to do it.
Robert Heinsohn, a biologist at Australia National University, first witnessed the behavior in male cockatoos in northern Australia in 1997. Then, he spent the next two decades videotaping the shy animals to find out if their drumming was truly music — defined as regular beat production, repeated components, and, of course, personal style. By analyzing the beats made by the birds, he found that the sounds were highly predictable, just like human music that had a unique style. “The cockatoo was holding what looked like a stick and beating it on the tree branch, and every so often he would pause and let out either a long whistle or a sharp scream,” he said.
Importantly, male cockatoo primarily started drumming when they were around females — about 70 percent of the time, according to his research, published this week in the journal Science.
But Heinsohn did not found the females’ reactions to the males’ music and the male cockatoos didn’t dance, either, while they produced their own unique beats — an activity that usually goes hand in hand with music for many animals in love, such as swans, cranes and birds of paradise.
So Heinsohn thought such behavior may not be learned for courtship (求爱). “It seems that they are open to the pleasure of rhythm, just like humans,” he says. “As soon as one male works out a pleasing drumming rhythm that gets the approval from the females, they would stay together to enjoy it.”
8．What can we learn about the cockatoos?
A．The females are the only birds that can sing.
B．The males can make tools to compose music.
C．The females don’t enjoy listening to rock music.
D．The males dance to music when they are in love.
9．The music made by the male cockatoos __________.
A．was unpredictable B．was very sharp
C．had irregular beats D．had unique styles
10．What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Why cockatoos make music. B．How cockatoos make tools.
C．When cockatoos make music. D．What are cockatoos’ reactions.
11．From which is the text probably taken?
A．A survey. B．A zoo guide book.
C．A news report. D．A lab test report.
【答案】8．B
9．D
10．A
11．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了最新研究发现雄性凤头鹦鹉不但能制造乐器还能很纯粹地演奏与欣赏音乐。
8．
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Australian bird is the only animal other than humans known how to make tools to compose music, a new study says.(一项新的研究表明，这种澳大利亚鸟是除人类之外唯一知道如何制作工具来作曲的动物)”可知，雄性风头鹦鹉可以制作工具来作曲。故选B。
9．
细节理解题。根据第三段“By analyzing the beats made by the birds, he found that the sounds were highly predictable, just like human music that had a unique style.(通过分析鸟类发出的节奏，他发现这些声音是高度可预测的，就像人类的音乐有独特的风格一样)”可知，雄性鹦鹉奏出的音乐具有自己独特的风格。故选D。
10．
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“So Heinsohn thought such behavior may not be learned for courtship (求爱)(因此，海因索恩认为这种行为可能不是为了求偶而习得的)”可知，本段主要是推测鹦鹉奏乐的原因：鹦鹉奏乐主要是为了娱乐，而不是为了求偶。故选A。
11．
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第四段“Importantly, male cockatoo primarily started drumming when they were around females — about 70 percent of the time, according to his research, published this week in the journal Science.(重要的是，根据他本周发表在《科学》(Science)杂志上的研究，雄性凤头鹦鹉主要是在与雌性鹦鹉在一起时开始打鼓的——大约70%的时间是这样)”可知，本文主要是用比较大众的语言介绍了《科学》杂志最新发表的一篇科研论文，故很可能是选自新闻报道。故选C。
This week, both the US and the European Union (EU) announced their goals for reducing carbon dioxide. The EU’s newly approved goal is 55% below 1990 levels and the new US goal is 50% to 52% below 2005 levels.
Their goals sound very ambitious. However, the numbers aren’t quite what they seem, depending on what baseline year for those cuts. If you convert (换算) the European goal to the American-preferred 2005 baseline, it translates to 51% below 2005 levels. But if you compare them using Europe’s preferred 1990 as the baseline, the 50% minimum US cut is only 41%, far shy of the 55% EU goal. If you compare the numbers to 2019, the minimum the US would be cutting is about 40% from today’s level and the EU only 35%.
Why different baselines?
The idea behind different baselines goes back to the climate talks in 2009. Since developed countries have already put lots of carbon pollution into the air and they still wanted developing nations that were counting on fossil fuels for economic development to abandon the dirtier fuels, a solution was struck for the 2015 Paris agreement that allowed nations to voluntarily choose their own goals suitable to each country. Those nationally designed goals also included countries choosing their own baseline years. Naturally, countries tend to choose years in which they peaked (达峰) or near peaked on carbon emissions. For example, Europe, which took early action after the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, chose to keep that agreement’s 1990 baseline. This way, Europe gets credit for acting early.
“However, we should not just look at their numbers,” said Professor Nate Hultman from University of Maryland. The US goal includes methane (甲烷) and HFCs (氟烷) that trap more heat but don’t last as long as carbon dioxide. He said including those in the goals allows the US to pick low-hanging fruit to better reach its goal.
“Reducing methane and HFCs gets results more quickly than cutting carbon dioxide. But cutting them just buys us a little more time,” Nate said.
12．What can we know about the goals for reducing carbon dioxide?
A．They can be very misleading. B．They are just influenced by baselines.
C．They can be compared directly. D．They are too complex to be compared.
13．When did the US most probably peak or near peak on carbon emissions?
A．In 1990. B．In1997. C．In 2005. D．In 2019.
14．What does the underlined word “those” in paragraph 5 refer to?
A．The US's and EU's goals. B．Methane and HFCs.
C．Carbon dioxide and HFCs. D．The different baselines.
15．How did Nate Hultman most probably feel about the US’s goal?
A．Disappointed. B．Satisfied. C．Unconcerned. D．Overjoyed.
【答案】12．A
13．C
14．B
15．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了美国及欧盟本周相继公布了各自的温室气体减排目标。表面看来十分接近的数字，却因为各自的减排基线及减排气体的种类不同而可能呈现出十分不同的解读结果及减排效果。
12．
细节理解题。根据第二段“However, the numbers aren’t quite what they seem, depending on what baseline year for those cuts.(然而，这些数字并不完全像看上去的那样，这取决于削减的基准年份)”可知，这些看来十分接近的数字，却因为减排基线不同而误导人。由此可知，减少二氧化碳的目标可能非常具有误导性。故选A。
13．
推理判断题。根据第一段“…and the new US goal is 50% to 52% below 2005 levels.(……美国的新目标是在2005年的基础上减少50%到52%)”及第四段“Naturally, countries tend to choose years in which they peaked (达峰) or near peaked on carbon emissions.(自然，各国倾向于选择碳排放达到或接近峰值的年份)”可推断，在2005年美国的温室气体排放很可能已经或接近达峰，因此美国选了这个年份作减排基线。故选C。
14．
词句猜测题。根据画线词前“The US goal includes methane (甲烷) and HFCs (氟烷) that trap more heat but don’t last as long as carbon dioxide.(美国的目标包括甲烷和氢氟碳化合物，它们能吸收更多热量，但不会像二氧化碳那样持续太久)”可知，画线词those指的是methane及HFCs这两种温室气体。故选B。
15．
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“He said including those in the goals allows the US to pick low-hanging fruit to better reach its goal.(他说，将这些纳入目标可以让美国更好地实现目标)”及最后一段““Reducing methane and HFCs gets results more quickly than cutting carbon dioxide. But cutting them just buys us a little more time,” Nate said.(“减少甲烷和氢氟碳化合物的效果比减少二氧化碳更快。但砍掉它们只是为我们多争取了一点时间。”Nate说)”可推断，Nate Hultman对美国有点失望，因为美国在钻空子，专挑简单的做，追求的是短期减排目标。故选A。
二、七选五
You may have heard the term “dress for success”. ___16___. Below are the four most common mistakes men make when dressing for work.
Making a fashion statement
When dressing to work, try to remember what you want your dress to say and what impression you leave. Most managers will agree that dressing too trendy and flashy can be a bad thing. ___17___. If you are uncertain about the appropriate dress, then just look at what your superiors are wearing.
No attention to details
Even the nicest suit, shirt and tie can look out of place if you forget to pay attention to the little details such as shoes, socks and belt. Make sure that your socks match your trousers, and your belt matches your shoe colors. ___18___.
The not-so-tidy look
Make sure you keep your clothes clean as well as smell free. If suit and tie is part of your daily business dress then make sure to change between different suits each day. After each day, hang the suit on a hanger in a well-aired area. ___19___. For the dress shirts, you should have a new and freshly pressed shirt each day. In addition, keep your shoes polished!
___20___
Casual Friday does not mean that you can dress like you do on vacation. It is always better to slightly overdress than showing up too casual.
A．Bad casual Fridays
B．Overdressing Fridays
C．Therefore, keep your dress classic and elegant
D．It means that the right dress can benefit your health
E．The clothes will straighten out again and smells will disappear
F．It can also be true that the wrong type of clothing will do the opposite
G．Besides your clothes, make sure that you have well-cared fingernails and hair
【答案】16．F
17．C
18．G
19．E
20．A
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在办公室穿着方面需要注意的地方。
16．
根据空前“You may have heard the term “dress for success”. (你可能听说过“成功着装”这个词)”及下文陈述的几个在工作场合着装应该注意的事项可知，如果着装不得体结果可能恰恰相反。F项“也有可能，错误的服装类型会起到相反的作用”符合语境。故选F。
17．
根据上文“Most managers will agree that dressing too trendy and flashy can be a bad thing. (大多数经理都会同意，过于时尚和浮华的着装可能是一件坏事)”可知，在工作场合穿得过于时尚和浮华并非好事。由此推知，工作场合的着装应简单大方。C项“因此，让你的着装保持经典和优雅”符合题意。故选C。
18．
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Even the nicest suit, shirt and tie can look out of place if you forget to pay attention to the little details such as shoes, socks and belt. Make sure that your socks match your trousers, and your belt matches your shoe colors. (如果你忘记注意鞋子、袜子和皮带等小细节，即使是最好的西装、衬衫和领带也会显得不协调。确保你的袜子和裤子相配，腰带和鞋子的颜色相配)”可知，上文指出在着装方面要注意细节。由此推知，空处继续陈述其他需要注意的细节。G项“除了你的衣服，还要确保修建指甲和梳理头发”符合题意，是对上文的补充说明。故选G。
19．
根据上文“After each day, hang the suit on a hanger in a well-aired area. (每天结束后，把衣服挂在通风良好的地方)”推知，下文陈述这样做的目的：让衣服看起来整洁且没有异味。E项“衣服会再次变得直挺，气味也会消失”符合题意。故选E。
20．
空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Casual Friday does not mean that you can dress like you do on vacation. It is always better to slightly overdress than showing up too casual. (便装星期五并不意味着你可以穿得像度假时一样。稍微穿得正式一点总比穿得太随便要好)”可知，本段提醒我们即使星期五可以穿便装，也不要穿得太随意。A项“糟糕的周五便装”可以作为本段小标题。故选A。
三、完形填空
It was a cold morning in November of 1990. When Hans-Joachim Bull was ___21___ the seashore, he noticed a woman standing outside his house. He tried to make out who she was. He was worried the ___22___ might be an inspector sent by the government to check on him.
“While I was offloading my fish, I ___23___ asked her what she wanted,” he remembers. “She said she was ___24___ parliament(议会) and wanted to ___25___ how fishermen were doing. So I naturally invited her into my house to have a ___26___.”
The young ___27___ was Angela Merkel. And the liquor-filled ___28___ in northeastern Germany was her first campaign stop.
Bull, a fifth-generation fisherman in the Baltic Sea, told Merkel that he was worried about the ___29___ the peaceful unification of the East and West Germanys would bring. Merkel said she’d take my _____30_____ to parliament, he says. “It was a very nice conversation and she was _____31_____ to talk to.”
Bull thinks that Merkel was a good _____32_____ and she was happy to hear views that _____33_____ her own. And she had no difficulty changing course or even apologizing. “She was not a _____34_____ politician. She was a scientist. Politicians rarely, _____35_____!” he added.
During the _____36_____, they even took a photograph together, in which they were drinking around a table in the little fishing house.
Later, Bull decided to _____37_____ Merkel and has done so ever since. So have most others in this _____38_____ region. Even as chancellor(总理), Merkel is a member of parliament and she has _____39_____ this district for 31 years.
“I’m _____40_____ that Merkel represents me in parliament and in the world,” adds Bull.
21．A．cleaning B．building C．repairing D．approaching
22．A．stranger B．police C．scientist D．official
23．A．curiously B．confidently C．anxiously D．carelessly
24．A．running for B．joining in C．applying to D．checking out
25．A．wonder B．remember C．learn D．compare
26．A．rest B．drink C．try D．party
27．A．inspector B．tourist C．captain D．candidate
28．A．boat B．station C．house D．camp
29．A．changes B．aids C．wars D．goods
30．A．documents B．concerns C．losses D．evidences
31．A．rude B．dull C．eager D．easy
32．A．fighter B．teacher C．listener D．player
33．A．contradicted B．took C．forgot D．studied
34．A．popular B．typical C．noble D．competent
35．A．refused B．promised C．failed D．apologized
36．A．election B．visit C．ceremony D．celebration
37．A．replace B．abandon C．support D．meet
38．A．seaside B．separate C．wealthy D．crowded
39．A．helped B．avoided C．loved D．represented
40．A．angry B．relieved C．proud D．embarrassed
【答案】21．D
22．A
23．C
24．A
25．C
26．B
27．D
28．C
29．A
30．B
31．D
32．C
33．A
34．B
35．D
36．B
37．C
38．A
39．D
40．C
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记述了渔民Hans-Joachim Bull与参选国会议员的默克尔的第一次交往。
21．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汉斯·约阿希姆·布尔(Hans Joachim Bull)靠近海边时，他注意到一个女人站在他的房子外面。A. cleaning打扫；B. building建造；C. repairing修理；D. approaching靠近。根据“he noticed a woman standing outside his house.”可知，汉斯·约阿希姆·布尔要靠近海边时，才会注意到那个女人。故选D项。
22．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他担心这个陌生人可能是政府派来检查他的检查员。A. stranger陌生人；B. police警察；C. scientist科学家；D. official官员。根据上文“he noticed a woman standing outside his house. He tried to make out who she was”可知，他注意到这个女人，然后担心她可能是政府派来检查他的检查员，说明不认识她，是陌生人。故选A项。
23．
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我卸鱼时，我焦急地问她想要什么。A. curiously好奇地；B. confidently自信地；C. anxiously焦急地；D. carelessly粗心地。根据上文可知，因为他担心是政府派来的检查人员，所以显得有些不安(anxiously)。故选C项。
24．
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说她正在竞选议会议员，想了解渔民的情况。A. running for竞选；B. joining in加入；C. applying to应用于；D. checking out退房。根据“ parliament(议会)”可知，她在竞选议会议员。故选A项。
25．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说她正在竞选议会议员，想了解渔民的情况。A. wonder想知道；B. remember记住；C. learn了解；D. compare比较。根据上文可知，她在竞选议会议员，应该是想了解(learn)渔民的情况。故选C项。
26．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我自然邀请她到我家喝一杯。A. rest休息；B. drink饮料，酒；C. try尝试；D. party派对。根据下文“And the liquor-filled _______ in northeastern Germany was her first campaign stop.(而在德国东北部的酒馆是她竞选的第一站。)”中“liquor-filled(装满酒的)”可知，Hans-Joachim Bull邀请默克尔进屋喝酒(drink)。故选B项。
27．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位年轻的候选人就是安格拉·默克尔。A. inspector检查员；B. tourist游客；C. captain队长；D. candidate候选人。根据上文提到她在竞选议会议员，应该是候选人(candidate)。故选D项。
28．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：德国东北部的酒馆是她竞选的第一站。A. boat船；B. station车站；C. house房屋；D. camp营地。根据上文“house”可知，应该是充满酒气的小屋(house)。也就是国东北部的酒馆。故选C项。
29．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他告诉默克尔，他担心东西德和平统一将带来的变化。A. changes变化；B. aids帮助；C. wars战争；D. goods商品。根据“the peaceful unification of the East and West Germanys would bring”可知，他担心的是和平统一带来的变化(changes)。故选A项。
30．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：默克尔说她会把我的担忧传达给议会。A. documents文件；B. concerns担忧；C. losses损失；D. evidences证据。根据上文的“was worried about(担心)”可知，她会把我的担忧(concerns)传达给议会。故选B项。
31．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次非常愉快的谈话，她是一个很随和的的人。A. rude粗鲁的；B. dull枯燥的；C. eager渴望的；D. easy容易地，随和的。根据本句中“nice conversation(非常愉快的谈话)”可知，默尔克是一个很随和的的人。故选D项。
32．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bull认为默克尔是一个很好的倾听者。A. fighter战士；B. teacher教师；C. listener倾听者；D. player玩家。根据上文可知，他们交流很开心，且默克尔要把他的担忧传达给议会，所以她是一个很好的倾听者(listener)。故选C项。
33．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很高兴听到与自己观点相矛盾的观点。A. contradicted矛盾；B. took带走；C. forgot忘记；D. studied学习。根据句意可知，她可以听进与自己相左的(contradicted)意见，甚至道歉。故选A项。
34．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不是一个典型的政治家，她是一个科学家。A. popular受欢迎的；B. typical典型的；C. noble高尚的；D. competent有能力的。根据“She was a scientist.”可知，她更像是一位科学家，而不像一个典型的(typical)政客。故选B项。
35．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：政治家很少道歉。A. refused拒绝；B. promised承诺；C. failed失败；D. apologized道歉。根据上文“And she had no difficulty changing course or even apologizing(她毫无困难地改弦易辙，甚至道歉)”可知道歉(apologized)符合句意。故选D项。
36．
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在参观期间，他们甚至一起拍了一张照片，照片中他们围着小渔家的桌子喝酒。A. election选举；B. visit参观；C. ceremony典礼；D. celebration庆祝。根据后文“in the little fishing house.(在小渔屋中)”可知是在默克尔参观(visit)期间。故选B项。
37．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，布尔决定支持默克尔，并且从那以后一直如此。A. replace代替；B. abandon放弃；C. support支持；D. meet遇见。根据文章主要内容，可知布尔是支持(support)默克尔的。故选C项。
38．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个海滨地区的大多数人也是如此。A. seaside海边的；B. separate分开的；C. wealthy富有的；D. crowded拥挤的。根据前文可知，他们是在海边见面的。所以这个海滨地区的大多数人也是如此。故选A项。
39．
考查动词词义辨析。句意：默克尔是国会议员，她代表该地区已经31年了。A. helped帮助；B. avoided避免；C. loved喜欢；D. represented代表。根据下文“that Merkel represents me(默克尔代表我)”可知，她代表(represented)该地区已经31年了。故选D项。
40．
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为默克尔在议会和世界上代表我感到骄傲。A. angry生气的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. proud骄傲的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据“represents me in parliament and in the world”，默克尔在议会和世界上代表我，我应该是骄傲的(proud)。故选C项。
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Back in high school, Harris never imagined to be an electrician. Everyone, including ___41___(her), just wanted to go to college.
“We were so focused ___42___ college in high school,” remembers Harris, 44. “The friends that I had there were going to college. That’s what the biggest excitement was around.”
After holding lots of different jobs for decades, Harris signed up for a course ___43___(design) to let her find jobs in the construction industry. One of the training activities involved wiring lightbulbs and air conditioners.
Now she’s just a few months away from becoming a licensed electrician. She occasionally ___44___ (spend) her days working on a new construction site, on ___45___ her current task is running low voltage(电压) wire under floors ___46___(connect) air conditioners. Her ___47___(hour) income adds up to about $100,000 for full-time work per year.
Harris says she wishes she ___48___(find) this path in high school. “Back in high school, nobody ever talked about short-term training courses,” she says. “I think there was always a big misunderstanding about skilled workers and how short-term training could actually provide ___49___ same type of lifestyle that a college degree could.”
“You use your body, of course, because it’s a physical job,” she explains. “But at the end of the day, you look back and you can see the ____50____ (accomplish) every day of what you did the previous day.”
【答案】41．herself
42．on##upon
43．designed
44．spends
45．which
46．to connect
47．hourly
48．had found
49．the
50．accomplishment
【解析】
【导语】
本文是一篇记叙文。不惑之年的Harris在高中时也和其他同学一样一门心思想上大学。几十年后，她成了电工，且收入不错，她说她希望自己在高中时就找到了这条道路。
41．
考查代词。句意：每个人，包括她自己，都只想上大学。结合语境可知，此处指Harris“她自己”应用反身代词herself。故填herself。
42．
考查介词。句意：44岁的哈里斯回忆说：“高中时，我们太专注于上大学了。”结合句意表示“专注于……”可知短语为be focused on/upon。故填on/upon。
43．
考查非谓语动词。句意：在做了几十个不同的工作之后，哈里斯报名参加了一个课程，目的是让她在建筑行业找到工作。分析句子结构可知，design在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语course构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填designed。
44．
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她偶尔会在一个新的建筑工地工作，目前的工作是在地板下铺设低压电线，连接空调。根据前一句Now she’s可知为一般现在时，主语为she，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填spends。
45．
考查定语从句。句意：她偶尔会在一个新的建筑工地工作，目前的工作是在地板下铺设低压电线，连接空调。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词site，故此处用“介词+which”作地点状语。故填which。
46．
考查非谓语动词。句意：她偶尔会在一个新的建筑工地工作，目前的工作是在地板下铺设低压电线，连接空调。分析句子结构可知，connect在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处用所给动词的不定式作目的状语。故填to connect。
47．
考查形容词。句意：她全职工作每年每小时的收入约为10万美元。作income的定语，故用所给名词的形容词形式hourly。故填hourly。
48．
考查虚拟语气。句意：Harris说她希望自己能在读高中时就发现这条路。表示对过去发生的事的遗憾，从句应用过去完成时。故填had found。
49．
考查冠词。句意：我认为，对于技术工人以及短期培训实际上可以提供与大学学位相同的生活方式，人们一直存在很大的误解。结合句意表示“相同的”可知短语为the same。故填the。
50．
考查名词。句意：但是在一天结束的时候，你回头看，你可以看到你每天都在完成你前一天做的事情。作宾语，应用名词accomplishment，此处为特指。故填accomplishment。
五、短文改错
51．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（/\），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear friends,
It’s a great pleasure for me to share my experience of learning English with you. I’m interested English and want to be a interpreter in the future. Naturally, it was important for me to learn English well.
As everybody knows, memorizing vocabulary is one of the most hardest parts of learning the language. I usually memorize twenty new words a day or put them to use whenever possibly. I also spend a lot of times reading interesting books and magazines. In addition, I listened to English programs on the radio every day. If we try the above ways, I’m sure you can studies English well and you will find learning English is fun.
Thank you for listening.
【答案】1. interested后添加in
2. a→an
3. was→is
4. 删除most
5. or→and
6. possibly→possible
7. times→time
8. listened→listen
9. we→you
10. studies→study
【解析】
【导语】
这是一篇应用文。作者写信给朋友，分享自己学习英语的经验和方法。
【详解】
1.考查介词。句意：我对英语感兴趣，将来想成为一名口译员。结合句意表示“对……感兴趣”短语为be interested in。故interested后添加in。
2.考查冠词。句意：我对英语感兴趣，将来想成为一名口译员。interpreter是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用冠词an。故a改为an。
3.考查时态。句意：自然，学好英语对我来说很重要。描述目前的情况应用一般现在时。故was改为is。
4.考查最高级。句意：众所周知，记忆词汇是学习语言中最困难的部分之一。hardest已经为形容词最高级形式，前面不需要most。故删除most。
5.考查连词。句意：我通常每天记住二十个新单词，并尽可能地使用它们。结合前后文可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故or改为and。
6.考查形容词。句意：我通常每天记住二十个新单词，并尽可能地使用它们。此处为句型whenever possible表示“尽可能”。故possibly改为possible。
7.考查名词。句意：我也花很多时间阅读有趣的书籍和杂志。time表示“时间”为不可数名词，没有复数形式。故times改为time。
8.考查时态。句意：此外，我每天听英语广播节目。根据后文every day可知为一般现在时，主语为I，谓语用原形。故listened改为listen。
9.考查代词。句意：如果你尝试以上方法，我相信你能学好英语，你会发现学习英语很有趣。根据后文“you can studies English well and you will find learning English is fun”可知，指“你”尝试，应用代词you。故we改为you。
10.考查情态动词用法。句意：如果你尝试以上方法，我相信你能学好英语，你会发现学习英语很有趣。情态动词can后跟动词原形。故studies改为study。
六、开放性作文
52．你班将举办毕业晚会，请你以《你们是我最强大的精神支柱》为题准备一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1. 对全体师生表示衷心感谢；
2. 表达良好的祝愿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 题目和首句已为你写好。
You Have Been My Greatest Pillar of Support
Good evening, my dear teachers and classmates,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
You Have Been My Greatest Pillar of Support
Good evening, my dear teachers and classmates,
I feel very lucky that I have had the opportunity to study in this wonderful class, where I have met so many helpful teachers and amazing friends.
First of all, I would like to thank you, my dear teachers. Whenever I felt lost and discouraged, you were always there to offer timely guidance and encouragement. You have been my greatest pillar of support. I also want to say thank you to my dear classmates. It was you who were willing to share my simple joys and accompany me through the darkest moments.
I will never forget all the good wishes and support I have received and I hope that we can do better in the future.
【解析】
【导读】
本篇书面表达属于应用文。你班将举办毕业晚会，请你以《你们是我最强大的精神支柱》为题准备一篇演讲稿。
【详解】
1.词汇积累
幸运的：lucky→fortunate
机会：opportunity→chance
陪伴：accompany→keep sb. company
最黑暗的：darkest→saddest
2.合并句子
原句：First of all, I would like to thank you, my dear teachers. You have been my greatest pillar of support.
拓展句：First of all, I would like to thank you, my dear teachers, who have been my greatest pillar of support.
【点睛】
【高分句型1】I feel very lucky that I have had the opportunity to study in this wonderful class, where I have met so many helpful teachers and amazing friends.（运用了where引导定语从句）
【高分句型2】Whenever I felt lost and discouraged, you were always there to offer timely guidance and encouragement.（运用了让步状语从句）
【高分句型3】It was you who were willing to share my simple joys and accompany me through the darkest moments.（运用了强调句型）