人教版 (2019)必修 第一册Unit 4 Natural disasters习题

Unit4 Natural Disasters测试卷

（A卷 基础篇）

【人教版】

学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________   考号：___________ 

温馨提示：

本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分,第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为120分,考试时间为100分钟。请同学们将答案写在答题卡上,务必注意你的书写。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分  阅读理解(共两节,满分50分)

第一节  (共15题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Water goes around and around Earth in a never ending journey called the water cycle（循环）. The sun heats up lakes, oceans, and other wet places on Earth. When the water gets warm enough, it changes into vapour. Plants also give off lots of water vapour. Some of this water vapour cools off high in the sky and becomes clouds. Then it falls back to Earth in a new place as rain or snow. This cycle happens over and over again.

     The ground can absorb water like a sponge (海绵). If you could see this groundwater, it wouldn’t look like a lake or river. The groundwater is mixed in with the rocks and sand that lie in layers(层) below Earth’s surface.

     Groundwater moves along slowly. How slowly? Maybe 1.5 kilometres in one century. Some of this water has been underground for thousands of years. And once groundwater is pumped out of the ground from a deep well（井） by people, it may take hundreds of years for another water to take its place.

1. The groundwater seems to________.

   A. be just on the ground        B. be pure water like that in a lake or river

   C. exist in rocks and sand       D. flow along like rivers or streams

2. The underlined word “pumped” in the passage can be replaced by________.

   A. run                   B. pushed           

C. drawn                 D. picked

3. What conclusion（结论） can we draw from the passage?

   A. Groundwater can be quickly replaced by other water once pumped out.

   B. Groundwater is very valuable.

   C. Groundwater has nothing to do with human beings.        

   D. Groundwater travel in an unknown way.

B

（烟台理工学校2019—2020学年度第二学期期中）

The trouble started at 9：30 pm last New Year’s Eve, in Newmark. When the fire engines (消防车) arrived at the fire, a very old woman was sitting in a third floor window. The firefighters placed a ladder (梯子) against the wooden house, and 26－year－old Marcus Reddick climbed 35 feet to the third floor.

The woman, 60 years old and very fat, was sitting with both feet out of the window. When Marcus reached the top of the ladder, the woman, afraid and nervous, put her two legs around him. Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs—and broke the woman’s fall. She fell no more, but he fell another ten feet down the stairs. When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious．

Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse. Doctors talked of turning off the life－saving machine and asked if the family would like to give away his heart. The answer was “yes”．

On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin (棺材)—covered with an American flag—onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all over the state joined the procession (行列) through Newmark streets. Children watched silently from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl. His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.

4．What happened last New Year’s Eve in Newmark?

A．An old woman was killed.         B．A fire engine was missing.

C．A firefighter was murdered.        D．A wooden house caught fire.

5．After reaching the top of the ladder, Marcus________．

A．was very afraid and nervous        B．couldn’t see anything clearly

C．found it difficult to get down        D．was knocked off and got hurt

6．The underlined word “unconscious” in Paragraph 2 means “________”．

A．homeless      B．senseless       C．breathless         D．helpless

7．We can infer from the end of the text that Marcus’ family might feel ________．

A．sad but proud  B．shy but excited 

C．angry and doubtful D．worried and surprised

C

World Environment Day is celebrated annually on June 5th and was created to inspire people around the globe to take an active part in environmental protection and learn more about ways we can help to guarantee the future of our planet is safe.

The very first World Environment Day took place in 1974，established by the United Nations General Assembly on the first day of the Stockholm Conference on the Human Environment that took place in 1972.

Each year the United Nations pick a theme and a host city where anyone who is concerned about the environment can talk about environmental topics with others，followed by different kinds of exhibits to promote environmental awareness. Environmentalists，academics and scientists come together to bring new ideas on the table concerning the environment.

The 2018 World Environment Day is hosted by India，and the theme is Beat Plastic Pollution. It urges people to explore and choose supportable alternatives like paper or cloth bags to reduce the production and use of  disposable plastic，which makes up 10% of all of the waste.  Even though the United Nations pick a specific host city every year，people around the world still celebrate World Environment Day in their hometowns with parades(游行)，concerts，cleaning up and tree planting and all kinds of green actions to work towards having a beautiful planet and battling pollution.

World Environment Day is not a public holiday，so you won't be getting the day off work or school，but if you want to celebrate，why not bring it to the attention of your parents，friends，colleagues or classmates? World Environment Day is all about working together to take action for the planet，so try to get everyone you know interested in helping do something. Things as small as making sure people have a way to recycle can make a difference.  You could also try beautifying your neighborhood by planting gardens，learn about green foods，raise money for a local wildlife conservation group of simply learn about the effects of different products on the earth.

8．Why is World Environment Day set up?

A．To make people know more about nature.

B．To ask people to help to protect the globe.

C．To warn people of the danger of air pollution.

D．To encourage people to plan the earth's future.

9．What do people do on World Environment Day?

A．Decide a host city.

B．Hold a theme party.

C．Discuss environmental ideas.

D．Show some plastic products.

10．Which of the following words is the closest in meaning to “disposable” in Paragraph 3?

A．High cost.

B．Poor- quality.

C．Secondhand.

D．Single use.

11．What's the main idea of the last paragraph?

A．Every bit of effort counts/ matters.     Count

B．Doing is better than saying.   

C．Many hands make light work.

D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.

D

To prevent the deserts coming near, China has planted billions of trees---to replace destroyed forests and as barriers against the sand. This isn’t a cure, though, say experts, as thirsty trees can make the problem worse by taking in groundwater.

“Planting trees is one way, but it isn’t that simple. It doesn’t solve the basic issue of water resources,” says Wu Bo, a professor. “We need to calculate how much water the trees will absorb, or else it could have a negative effect.”

Villagers in Zhengxin have taken on this challenge, with limited success. When the irrigation channels began to run dry, Lu Xianglin switched from wheat to cotton on his land. He also planted trees to protect his fields from sandstorms. He says he still gets good yields（产量） using flood irrigation and earns a good income for his family.

Other farmers haven’t stuck it out（坚持到底）: about one in three have left Zhengxin in the past 10 years after their wheat crops died. Young people who can find jobs in the towns rarely return.

Last week, Mr. Lu joined the other men in his village on a government-arranged trip to see the land that has been set aside for their relocation, nearly 40 miles to the south. The next day, he was back, shaking his head at the plan. The idea of uprooting his family troubles him, as does the idea of giving up the land that fed his forefathers. He prefers to stay and keep up the fight.

“With enough water, this problem can be solved,” Lu says. “We can plant trees and grass, and they will grow bigger. That will stop the desert.”

Experts say that farmers could switch to drip irrigation （滴灌）to lessen their water intake for growing crops. Elsewhere in the region, farmers have built brick greenhouses as part of a plan to grow vegetables using less water. Roadside signs urge farmers to “Save Water, Protect the Environment”.

12. The negative effect of planting trees in deserts is that __________.

   A. it can make groundwater become less   

B. it can prevent the sand moving freely

   C. it can stop crops growing well         

D. it can get the soil to become poor

13. Why did Mr. Lu NOT accept the idea of relocation?

   A. Because the plan of relocation will cost him much money.

   B. Because his family had trouble moving away.

   C. Because he was reluctant to give up his land.

   D. Because he would rather stay than fight against the deserts.

14. What can we infer from the passage?

   A. The deserts drive more and more people to leave their homes for their lives.

   B. People have no means to fight against the land becoming desert.

   C. Water is the biggest barrier for people to stop the desert.

   D. Planting trees cannot solve the problem of desertification of farmland.

15. What advice is given by experts to save water?

   A. To plant more trees.        

B. To build greenhouses.

   C. To change crops.          

D. To use drip irrigation. 

第二节（（共5小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分12. 5分））

根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

【山东省泰安市2018届第二次模拟】

Recently, I’ve been following a simple rule that is helping me crush procrastination(拖延症) and making it easier for me to stick to good habits at the same time．___16___ There are two parts to the 2-Minute Rule…

Part 1—If it takes less than two minutes，then do it now．

__17___ For example，washing your dishes immediately after your meal，tossing the laundry in the washing machine，taking out the garbage，sending that email，and so on．

If a task takes less than two minutes to complete，then follow the rule and do it right now．

Part 2—When you start a new habit，it should take less than two minutes to do．

Can all of your goals be accomplished in less than two minutes? Obviously not．But，every goal can be started in 2 minutes or less．___18___

It might sound like this strategy is too basic for grand life goals，but I beg to differ．The 2-Minute Rule works for big goals as well as small goals because of the inertia(惯性)of life．___19___ I love the 2-Minute Rule because it embraces the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started．

The most important part of any new habit is getting started—not just the first time，but each time．It’s not about performance，it’s about consistently taking action．

I can’t guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you．__20___ Anyone can spare the next 120 seconds．Use this time to get one thing done．Go．

A．I call this little strategy the “2-Minute Rule”．

B．And that’s the purpose behind this little rule．

C．Here’s what you need to know to stop procrastinating．

D．Once you start doing something，it’s easier to continue doing it．

E．But，I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it．

F．The goal is to make it easier for you to get started on the things you should be doing．

G．It’s surprising how many things we put off that we could get done in two minutes or less．

第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

This is the story of two lovers, who finally got married. Both of them were romantic at first,   21   on the walk of life, problems, quarrels, profession came into their life.

One day, she finally decided “I want to break up”. “Why?” he asked.

“I am worn out( 疲乏)  .” She answered.

He kept silent the whole night, seemingly in deep    22   . Finally he asked, “What can I do to    23   your mind?”

Looking into his eyes, she said, “Answer my question. If you can    24   my heart, Let’s say, I want a flower    25    on the face of a mountain cliff(悬崖), we are both sure that picking the flower will cause your    26  . Will you do it for me?”

He said, “I will give you my    27   tomorrow.”

She woke up the next morning, found him gone, and saw a piece of paper on her bed, which    28   , “My dear, I would not pick that flower for you. The    29  are ...”

“When you use the computer you always    30    the software and you cry in front of the screen. I have to save my fingers so that I can help to  restore  the programs(程序). You always leave the house keys behind, so I have to save my  legs to rush home to open the door for you. You love traveling but always lose your way in a       31   city. I have to save my eyes to show you the way. You always    32   at the computer, and that will do nothing good for your eyes. I have to save my eyes   in case when we grow old, I can help to cut your nails and help to remove those   33    white hairs.”

“Thus, my dear,    34   I am sure that there is someone who loves you more than I do, I cannot pick that flower yet, and die...”

That’s life, and    35 . Flowers, and romantic moments are only used and appear on the  surface  of the relationship.

Under all this, the pillar (柱子) of true love stands.

21. A. but     B. and   C. while D. so 

22. A. sorrow     B. anger C. shade D. thought 

23. A. speak     B. keep C. blow D. change 

24. A. represent   B. expand C. convince D. warm 

25. A. grown     B. growing C. living D. planted

26. A. death     B. hurt C. wound D. injury

27. A. decision   B. choice C. opinion D. answer 

28. A. wrote     B. informed C. read D. printed

29. A. answers  B. messages C. purposes D. reasons 

30. A. run out   B. put up C. mess up D. use up

31. A. big     B. strange C. modern D. crowded

32. A. glance    B. stare C. glare    D. look

33. A. inspiring  B. annoying C. rough D. refreshing

34. A. unless    B. even if C. although D. if 

35. A. warmth   B. couple C. love D. power

第Ⅱ卷

第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

(2019·山西五地市联考)As the effects of global warming, rising seas and natural disasters become more serious _____36_______ before, some local communities are taking action. Among them is one community in Florida ____37_____ local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting _______38____(coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.

The community has studied how much sea levels will rise and has suggested ____39___(way) to address the problem. It has persuaded the state government ____40____(ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommended building sand dunes(沙丘) along beaches. Kristin Jacobs, one of the group’s founders, decided to take action in 2008 after it became _____41____(gradual) clear that her state’s water authorities couldn’t agree on joint(联合的) action.

While some Florida government officials doubt whether the climate will become hotter or ____42____(cold), the people   who  ____43___   (live) in these locations are certain of the need to protect their communities.

At present, doing sth ___44___(be) a pressing concern. Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in 10.___ 45______ end.

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)

假定你是李华，2） 外教Smith先生下周即将来你班任教。3） 请你用英语写一封电子邮件向他介 绍你班的基本情况,内容包括：

1.班级人数；

2.英语学习的现状；

3.大家对他教学的建议。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Mr Smith,

I'm Li Hua, a student from Class 1, Grade 3.  

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

We are looking forward to your coming!

Yours,

Li Hua

第二节读后续写（满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。

I always prided myself on being a wise shopper and having a good nose for bargains. So when I came across a sporting goods store with a sign “Going Out of Business Sale”, I marched into the crowded store. Up and down the aisles (通道), I wandered, humming to myself and enjoying the energy and excitement of a sale.

All of a sudden, there, at the back of the store sat a canoe(轻舟) exactly like my husband’s dream Supremo Numero-Uno, whose picture had been stuck on the  bathroom mirror for years. My heart beat wildly. I pushed my way through the crowds, and nearly fell into the canoe looking for the price tag. There it was, with the manufacturer’s suggested price at $6,750 plus tax crossed out and a handwritten TO CLEAR $750 AS IS. Must be a mistake. $6000 off? Salesman. I had to talk to a salesman. I spotted a young fellow with a “Hi. I’m Mathew”. “Mathew. Tell me about this El Supremo canoe. What’s wrong with it? Why is it only $750?”

“Oh. There’s nothing wrong with it. It’s brand new. We’re closing the store. It’s on clearance like everything else. I’ll go check.” A few minutes later he came back and said, “I’m sorry ma’am. Someone made a mistake on the sale tag. It should be $4,750 for the whole package.”

I felt tears well up in my eyes. “Oh well”, I said sadly. “Of course, it was too good to be true. This is exactly like my husband’s dreamboat. I guess I started to dream myself when I saw that price tag. He’s going to be 62 years old Friday. Had to retire early for his health. It’s been hard on just the pension but the stubborn old fool has been saving $10 every week for years to buy one just like this. I promise I won’t buy anything, but it’s just an old man’s silly dream, you know. Always said he wanted to fish in a canoe after he retired,” my voice lowered and I turned and walked away.

Paragraph 1:

I was already at the mall door when Mathew caught up with me. “Do you have $750 plus $25 for delivery, ma’am?”_______________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

Paragraph 2:

“Ma’am. There’s something you should know. This store was my Grandpa’s and the canoe had been ordered by him. ________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________