初中英语Unit 1 Wise men in history优秀第二课时学案

Module1 Unit 1 Wise men in history

Reading II&Listening学案

考点分析

一、必背单词

1.boxing [ˈbɒksɪŋ] n. 拳击(运动)

2.hit [hɪt](用手或器具)击;打

3.hard [hɑ:d] adv.用力地;重重地

4.sure [ʃʊə(r)] adv.确实;的确

5.mistake [mɪˈsteɪk] n.错误

6.brave [breɪv]adj.勇敢的;无畏的

7.correct [kəˈrekt] adj.准确无误的;正确的v.改正;纠正

8.mistake [mɪˈsteɪk] n.错误

二、常考短语

1.as .... as one can相当于as..a possible,表示“尽可能”,为固定搭配。

2.“both...and...”意为“......和......都;既......又”。

三、重要语言点

1.boxing [ˈbɒksɪŋ] n. 拳击(运动)

[联想]racing n.赛马(运动)  wrestling n.摔跤运动  running n.跑步(运动)

例句:He is the world champion in boxing.

他是世界拳击冠军。

例句:He was one of boxing's all-time greats.

他是一位空前的拳击好手。

2.hit [hɪt](用手或器具)击;打

考点:

1.击中某人的某一部位: hit sb. on/in the+身体某一部位。

2.打在某人身体的某个部位: ①动词+sb.+in the+松软的身体部位。

②动词+sb. on the+较硬的身体部位。

固定搭配:hit sb. with sth.用某物打某人 hit back回击,反击 hit on/upon突然想到;偶然发hit out(试图)打(某人);严厉批评;猛烈抨击

例句:You need to hit the ball accurately.

你必须准确击球。

3.hard [hɑ:d] adv.用力地;重重地

考点:

①hard作副词时还表示“努力地;费力地”。

例如:She has worked hard all her life.她一生辛勤工作。

②hard 作形容词时表示“困难的;硬的;费力的”。

例如:It's hard to believe that anyone would say something like that.

     很难相信有人会说那样的话。

     I thought long and hard about the problem.

     关于那个问题我费力地想了很长时间。

     she was hitting the ball so hard.

     她用力地击球。

4.sure [ʃʊə(r)] adv.确实;的确

固定搭配:for sure 无疑;肯定 be sure to do 务必,一定  be sure of oneself 有自信

be sure about 确信; .....把握

例句:He sure looks unhappy.

他的确看上去不高兴。

5.make sure 确保;设法保证

考点:make sure后可接that引导的宾语从句,that可省略;也可用于make sure of doing sth.结构中。

例句:I wanted to make sure you were all right.

    我想确认一下你是否没事。

例句:Make sure you get a good look at their faces.

    你一定要仔细看清他们的面孔。

make sure 常用于祈使句中,表示请求或要求对方按照要求做某事。

例句: Make sure that you bring your homework tomorrow.

     确保明天你们一定要带作业来。

例句: He is sure of himself to give a correct answer.

     他确定自己能给出正确答案。

6.mistake [mɪˈsteɪk] n.错误

固定搭配: by mistake错误地,无意地 make no mistake没出错  to correct the mistakes改正错误 make mistake v.犯错

例句:You are making a big mistake.

     你正在犯一个严重的错误。

例句:You are making a big mistake.

     你正在犯一个严重的错误。

7.correct [kəˈrekt] adj.准确无误的;正确的v.改正;纠正

[联想]incorrect adj.错误的 true adj.真实的;正确的

例句:I think you've made the correct decision.

我认为你的决定是正确的。

例句:Please check over your work and correct any mistakes.

    请把作业检查一遍，把错误改正。

8.mistake [mɪˈsteɪk] n.错误

例句:You are making a big mistake.

你正在犯一个严重的错误。

(2)by mistake错误地，无意地

例句:I often give offence to people by mistake.我常由于犯错而惹火别人。

(3)be mistaken for...被误认为

例句:She is often mistaken for her twin sister.

她常被误认为是她的孪生姐姐。

(4)to correct the mistakes改正错误

例句:It is necessary to correct the mistakes in our.

改正作业中的错误是必要的。

9.You must run as fast as you can.你必须尽可能地跑快点儿。

as ... as one can相当于as...a possible,表示“尽可能”，为固定搭配。

例句:We want to get along as well as we can.

我们希望我们能尽量地相互合作。

例句:We'll try to help you as far as we can.

我们将尽全力帮助你。

例句:Use this time to explore as much as you can.

你要利用这段时间，尽可能去探寻自我。

10.Both men and horses take part in this sport.

男人和马都参加这项运动。

“both... and..."意为......和......都;......又”, 连接两个并列的成分(名词、形容词、代词等)，其否定短语为“neither .nor...",意思为“既不......也不......”。

例句:Online shopping is both cheap and convenient

网上购物既便宜又方便。

例句:Both Mary and Lucy are students.

玛丽和露西都是学生。

同步训练

一、翻译单词

1.同意，允许________                    2.准确无误的，正确的_______

3.拳击(运动)________                   4.错误__________

5.用力地;重重地_________               6.勇敢的;无畏的________

7.确实;的确________                    8.正确的;正确无误的________

二、根据首字母填空

1. You've made several grammatical m_______in the composition.

2. Don't h______the dog with little stones.

3.M___ s____ the letter is properly addressed. 

4.The teacher is happy, because your answer is c____.

5.He is the world champion in boxing. 

三、单选选择题

1.______that you close all the windows before you 1eave.

A . Keep still     B . Find out      C . Make sure     D . Think over

2.The teacher was so angry that he____the naughty boy on the head with a ruler.

A.made    B. filled C. measured D.hit

3.They should make sure to finish their plan by the end of this day.

A. are sure B. am sure C. be sure D. is sure

4.Someone who  is ____. is ready to do dangerous or difficult things without fear.

A. friendly B. brave C. hard-working D . excited

5.——Why did Lucy look unhappy?

——Because she was so careless that she made many spelling_____in her homework.

A. friends B. plans C. mistakes

6. Tom caught the thief by himself. He is so____that all of us are proud of him.

A. funny B. beautiful C. brave

7.Audrey Hepburn, one of the greatest actresses, was_____to take on challenges in her life.

A. enough brave B. brave enough C. stupid enough

8.I think your problem is easy to solve.

A. find the correct answer

B. find the wrong answer

C. put off

9.——HI doubt that he will win the game.

——But he is confident of success.

A. am surprised   B. am not sure C. am happy

10.______is a sport in which two people fight each other with their hands.

A. Running B. Wrestling C. Boxing

四、根据对话内容,从方框中的七个选项中选出五个合适的选项补全对话。

A:Look! He is Jeremy Lin. I want to be a basketball player like him._____

B:Yes, I like playing basketball very much. But I don't want to be a professional player.

A:So what do you want to be when you grow up ?

B:______

A:To be a scientist ?______

B:Because I want to invent some useful things to protect the environment.

A:______

B:My favourite scientist is Yang Zhenning. And I also want to win the Nobel Prize.

A:That's great. Keep trying.______

B:Thank you.

五、用方框中短语的适当形式完成短文。

Isaac Newton was born in Woolsthorpe , England, on December 25, 1642. He was born early and he was very weak. No one believed he could continue to live. But he surprised everyone. He had one of the most powerful minds.And he lived until he was 84.

Newton's father died before he was born. His mother married again a few years later. She left Newton with his grandmother.

The boy was not a good student. Yet he was curious (好奇的) and liked to make things,______ kites, clocks and simple machines.

Newton also enjoyed finding new ways to answer questions or solve problems. As a boy, for example, he wanted to find a way to measure (测量) the speed of the wind. On a windy day, he measured_____he could jump with the wind at his back. Then he

measured how far he could jump with the wind in his face. From the difference between the two jumps, he made his own measurement of the power of the wind.

Strangely, Newton became a much better student after a boy kicked him in the stomach. The boy was one of the best students in the school. Newton decided to get even (报复) by getting higher marks than the boy who kicked him. In a short time, Newton

became the top student at the school.

Newton left school to help on the family farm. However, the boy was not a good farmer. He spent his time solving Maths problems rather than_____the farm. He spent hours visiting a bookstore in town,_______selling his vegetables in the market. An

uncle believed that Newton would do better as a student than as a farmer. So he sponsored

(资助) the young man into University of Cambridge to study Maths.

六、阅读理解

 Is there intelligent (有智力的) life on other planets? For years, scientists said“no." or“we don't know. But today this is changing. Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers(天文学家) They believe intelligent life exists (存在) somewhere in the universe. They also think we will soon contact these beings(人;生物).

Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets? The first reason is time. Scientists believe the universe is about 12 billion years old.“This is long enough for other planets to have intelligent life," say Shostak and Barnett. The second reason is size the universe is huge.“Tools like the Hubble Telescope(哈勃望远镜) have shown that there are at least 100 billion galaxies," says Shostak.“And our galaxy, the Milky Way, has at least 100 billion stars. Some planets going around these stars might be similar to Earth.

In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes allow scientists to discover smaller planets. the size of Mars or Earth in other solar systems. These planets might have intelligent life.

Have beings from space already visited Earth?“Probably not," says Shostak.“It's a long way away. However, intelligent beings may contact us in other way. such as radio signals(信号). In fact, they may be trying to communicate with us now, but we don't have the right tools to receive their messages. However, this is changing. By 2025, we could make contact with other life forms in our universe and we might help each other.”

[小题1] Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are_______.

A . astronomers

B . farmers

C. singers

D. drivers

[小题2] What is the best title for Paragraph 2?

A. The Age and Size of Earth.

B . Our Galaxy: The Milky Way

C. Why intelligent Life Might Exist.

D . Earth: The Only Planet with intelligent Life

[小题3] way was it hard to l0 for signs of intelligent in the universe in the past?

A . There were not any smaller planets.

B . There were not any powerful telescopes.

C. The astronomers were not interested in them.

D . The Milky Way didn't exist at that time.

[小题4] Why haven't beings from space visited us yet according to Shosak?

A. They 're afraid of us.

B . It's a long way away.

C . They don't want to see us.

D . They don't know how to use radio signals.

[小题5] What does the underlined phrase "life forms" in the last paragraph mean?

A .Messages

B . Tools

C . Intelligent beings

D. Radio signals

答案

一、翻译单词

1.[答案] agree

2.[答案]correct

3.[答案]boxing

4.[答案]mistake

5.[答案]hard

6.[答案]brave

7.[答案]sure

8.[答案]correct

二、根据首字母填空

1. [答案]mistakes

[解析]句意:你作文比赛犯了一些语法错误。grammatical语法的 ,修饰名词,结合首字母提示,可知应是在作文中犯了一些错误, mistake错误,可数名词, several后接名词复数,故填mistakes.

2. [答案] hit

[解析]句意:不要用小石头打那条狗。根据"with little stones"可知应该用小石头打狗, hit击打,是动词,助动词don't后接动词原形,故填hit.

3.[答案] make sure

[解析]句意:一定要正确书写信上的地址。 make sure“确保;设法保证”，故填make sure。

4.[答案]correct

[解析]句意:老师很高兴,因为你的答案是正确的。根据语句The teacher is happy, because your answer is及首字母c的提示可知此句需要形容词correct ,正确的。因描述现象,要用原级,故填correct.

5.[答案]boxing

[解析]句意:他是世界拳击冠军。boxing“拳击(运动)”，故填boxing。

三、单选选择题

1.[答案] C

[解析]句意:在你离开之前,确保你关好所有的窗户。

A. Keep still保持静止; B. Find out查找,发现; C. Make sure确保; D. Think over仔细考虑。根据句意指确保关好窗户,故选C。

2.[答案] D

[详解]句意:老师非常生气,尺子打了那个淘气的男孩的头。

A. made制作; B. fled充满; C. measured测量; D. hit击，打。根据' The teacher was so angry老师非常生气"，可知老师打了男孩的头，故选D。

3.[答案] C

[解析]句意:他们应该确保在今天结束前完成他们的计划。make sure=be sure ,确保, should+动词原形,故选C。

4.[答案] B

[解析]句意:勇敢的人。可以无所畏惧地去做危险或困难的事情。friendly友好的 ; brave勇敢的; hard-working勤奋的;excited兴奋的;根据is ready to do dangerous or difficult things without fear.可知是指勇敢的人,故答案为B.

5.[答案] C

[解析]句意:一为什么露西看起来不高兴 ?一因为她如此粗心以至于她家庭作业犯了 很多发音错误。A.朋友; B.计划;C.错误。由于不高兴,应该是粗心导致犯了很多拼写错误,故选C。

6.[答案] C

[解析]句意:汤姆自己抓住了小偷。他是如此勇敢以至于我们大家都因他而感到自豪。A.有趣的 ,滑稽的; B.漂亮的; C.勇敢的。自己抓小偷,是非常勇敢的行为, 故选C。

7.[答案] B

[解析]句意: Audrey Hepburn ,其中最伟大的女演员之一,足够勇 敢以至于能应对生活中的挑战。brave 勇敢的; stupid愚蠢的; enough足够地, enough修饰形容词,放在形容词之后,故排除A ,能够应对生活中的挑战,应该是足够勇敢的,故选B。

8.[答案] A

[解析]句意:我认为解决你的问题很容易。A.找到正确答案; B.找到错误答案; C.推迟。solve意思是 解决,即找到正确答案，故选A。.

9.[答案] B

[解析]句意:——我怀疑他会不会赢这个比赛。——但是他对成功很自信。

A.am surprised惊讶; B.am not sure不确定;C.am happy高兴。doubt意思是怀疑,故选B。

10.[答案] C

[解析]句意:拳击就是两个人用他们的手相互打架的一种运动。A.Running跑步; B.Wrestling摔跤; C.Boxing拳击。两个人相互用手打架的运动就是拳击。故选C。

四、根据对话内容,从方框中的七个选项中选出五个合适的选项补全对话。

[解析]本文是关于各自理想的一对对话。

A. Which scientist do you like best ?你最喜欢哪个科学家

B. Wish you success. 祝你成功

C. A scientist.科学家

D. Which sport do you like best ?你最喜欢哪项运动?

E. Do you like playing basketball?你喜欢打篮球吗

F. Why do you want to be a scientist?你为什么想成为科学家?

G. That's great.太好了

(1)根据Yes, I like playing basketball very much , 可知应是一般疑问句Do you like playing basketball?你喜欢打篮球吗，故选E.

(2)根据what do you want to be when you grow up你长大后想成为什么样的人, 可知应是A scientist.科学家，故选C。

(3)根据Because I want to invent some useful things to protect the environment.因为我想发明一些有用的东西来保护环境,可知应是Why do you want to be a scientist? 你为什么想成为科学家，故选F。

(4)根据My favourite scientist is Yang Zhenning我最喜欢的科学家是杨振宁，可知应 是Which scientist do you like best?你最喜欢哪个科学家，故选A。

(5)根据Thank you ,可知应是Wish you success.祝你成功，故选B。

五、用方框中短语的适当形式完成短文。

[答案] [第1空] in history

[第2空] such as

[第3空] how far

[第4空] taking care of

[第5空] instead of

[解析] [分析] instead of代替; in history历史上; how far多远的距离; take care of照顾; such as比如

(1)句意:他是历史上最具影响力的人物之一。根据常识可知牛顿已经去世了,所以应该是历史上最有影响力的人之一, in history历史上,故填in history.

(2)句意:然而,他很好奇,喜欢制作东西,比如风筝、闹钟和简单的机器。根据kites, clocks and simple machines.可知是举了一些例子,such as比如,故填such as.

(3)句意:在一个刮风的日子里,他测量了自己在风吹着的情况下能跳多远。根据he could jump可知他能条多远,要用疑问词how far ,故填how far.

(4)句意:他把时间花在解数学题上,而不是照顾农场。根据Newton left school to help on the family farm可知他去农场应该帮忙照看农场, take care of照看,且spent some time (in) doing sth.花时间在做某事上,所以take要用-ing形式taking ,故填taking care of.

(5)句意:他花了几个小时逛城里的书店，而不是在市场上卖他的蔬菜。根据He spent hours visiting a bookstore in town,可知他花时间在书店,代替去买蔬菜, instead of代替,故填instead of.

六、阅读理解

[答案]

[小题1] A

[小题2] C

[小题3] B

[小题4] B

[小题5] C

[解析]试题分析:本文叙述了科学家认为其他星球也存在智能生命,因为宇宙形成的时间这么长,足够其他星球形成生命;宇宙这么大,周围会有跟地球相似的星球。久来自太空的生命有可能将会和我们联系,我们可能到2025年,也会和他们取得联系我们可能会互相帮助。

[小题1]

细节理解题。根据Seth Shostak and Alexandra Barnett are astronomers(天文学家)可知Seth Shostak和Alexandra Barnett是天文学家。故选A。

[小题2]

标题归纳题。根据Why do Shostak and Barnett think intelligent life exists on other planets?可知本文主要解释为什么认为在其他星球上可能有智能生命存在,故选C。

[小题3]

推理判断题。根据In the past, it was hard to look for signs of intelligent life in the universe. But now, powerful telescopes(高倍望远镜) allow scientists to discover smaller planets可知在过去没有像现在一样的高倍望远镜,因此很难在宇宙中寻找到智能生命的迹象。故选B。

[小题4]

推理判断题。根据"Probably not," says Shostak. It's a long way away.可知Shostak.认为来自太空的生命可能没有来过地球,因为路途遥远。故选B。

[小题5]

词义猜测题。根据However, intelligent beings may contact us in other way...可知智能生命可能会用其他方式联系我们,故推测此处的life forms指的是intelligent beings，故选C。