高考英语二轮复习专题1词类转换和构词知识（阅读理解.七选五）含答案

这是一份高考英语二轮复习专题1词类转换和构词知识（阅读理解.七选五）含答案，共8页。
  专题一　词类转换和构词知识(+阅读理解+七选五) 　语法专题突破练第1页　 A级　基础过关Ⅰ.单句填空1.(2018青海西宁二模)　　　　　　(actual),children learn violent behavior from adults or from what they see on television or on the Internet. 答案Actually2.The animals,housed at Edinburgh Zoo and the National Centre for Chimpanzee Care in Texas,got to listen to works by Mozart,Beethoven and Justin Bieber.But none of them showed any 　　　　　　(prefer) for any kind of music. 答案preference3.(2018山东青岛二模)Having exercised for years,Ernestine did her first bodybuilding show and won her first 　　　　　　(compete). 答案competition4.(2018福建宁德二模)But poachers(盗猎者) would choose 　　　　　　(simple) to kill them before taking the wool,which caused the number of Tibetan antelopes to drop rapidly. 答案simply5.(2018山东潍坊三模)Coming to China is one of the best 　　　　　　(decide) I’ve ever made in my life. 答案decisions6.(2018河南洛阳三模)A growing number of foreigners hope to promote economic 　　　　　　(develop) in their home countries by highlighting(聚焦) the need for technological achievements like that of China. 答案development7.It 　　　　　　(certain) seems that China’s enthusiasm for yoga isn’t going to cool down any time soon. 答案certainly8.(2018河南郑州三模)While studying at Cambridge University,he was diagnosed with motor neuron(运动神经元) disease at the age of 21.His 　　　　　　(ill) left him paralyzed and he was told he only had a short time to live. 答案illness9.(2018四川绵阳三模)Recently,the people of Switzerland began telling stories about a 　　　　　　(mystery) figure who walked through the Maules Forest wearing camouflage(伪装) and a gas mask. 答案mysterious10.The local government has decided to 　　　　　　(length) the railway to the far west of the region. 答案lengthenⅡ.单句改错1.(2018山东威海二模)Dragons,however,are considered cruelly in western culture,which suggests westerners and Chinese have different understandings of the world. 答案cruelly→cruel2.The next day,we arrived there with gifts we had prepared,and we received a warmly welcome. 答案warmly→warm3.(2018河北唐山三模)He is total addicted to poems and he recites it while waiting for food at restaurants. 答案total→totally4.(2018湖北武汉二模)It suddenly rained heavy in the midnight and I felt cold. 答案heavy→heavily5.(2018山东烟台二模)So far,the book has been translated into many foreign languages.Unfortunate,he died in 1593. 答案Unfortunate→Unfortunately6.For most of us,there will be quite a number of friends to make in our life.We get to meet all these difference faces at times. 答案difference→different7.(2018辽宁沈阳二模)The exhibition was held annual to display the latest products in the field of education. 答案annual→annually8.(2018云南高三复习统一检测)The club was so popular that many students signed up for it.To be honestly,at that time I just followed them without thinking. 答案honestly→honest9.(2018内蒙古赤峰4月模拟)Sometimes,you go out with a group of friends and you can’ t decide where to go for dinner because everyone wants to order something differently. 答案differently→different10.(2018安徽江淮十校4月联考)However,many people can’t deal with pressure in an appropriate way so that they become more anxiously. 答案anxiously→anxiousB级　能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2018山东济南二模)The Guggenheim Museum attempts to help educators connect students with art.It offers programs for educators,including free arts curricula,professional development courses and workshops,as well as professional meet and greets that pair artists with public school teachers throughout New York City.•VisitingwithyourstudentsThe museum offers a variety of ways for educators and their students to visit,from self-guided tours to a guided experience.Guggenheim Museum HighlightsPerfect for first-time visitors,the Highlights Tour focuses on the museum’s innovative architecture,history,and permanent collection.Special ExhibitionThis tour offers an opportunity to engage in a lively,in-depth exploration of one of our special exhibitions.Learn about the artistic processes and movements behind some of the most revolutionary artists of the modern and contemporary age.Custom TourTours can be customized to accommodate a variety of interests,learning styles and subject matter.Our gallery educators can create a one-of-a-kind experience tailored to your group’s needs.Lecturer’s BadgeConduct a group tour of up to 20 people. •ArtscurriculumonlineThe Guggenheim produces free curriculum materials on exhibitions for educators to use both during school visits and in the classroom.While the material focuses on recent exhibitions,a comprehensive range of lessons cover many works and artists in the museum’s collection.•LearningthroughartLearning through art sends experienced teaching artists into New York City public schools where they work with classroom teachers to develop and facilitate art projects into the school curriculum.•EducationfacilitiesHoused in the Sackler Center for Arts Education,the Guggenheim’s education facilities include studio art and multimedia labs,a theater,an exhibition gallery,and a conference room.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用广告体文章。介绍了Guggenheim博物馆为了让学生接触并学习艺术,为教育专家和学生们提供了各种各样的艺术展览活动,并免费提供在线学习课程及教育设施。1.Who are the museum’s programs intended for?　　　　　　　　　　　　A.Students. B.Parents.C.Educators. D.Artists.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“TheGuggenheimMuseumattemptstohelpeducatorsconnectstudentswithart.Itoffersprogramsforeducators,...”可知,Guggenheim博物馆是想帮助教育专家使学生接触艺术而提供了各种各样的服务项目。2.Which tour can be designed based on your own interest?A.Custom Tour.B.Lecturer’s Badge.C.Special Exhibition.D.Guggenheim Museum Highlights.答案A解析细节理解题。题干中的“basedonyourowninterest”是关键词,意为“根据你自己的兴趣”,通过寻读,发现只有“CustomTour”项目中的“customizedtoaccommodate...”和“tailoredtoyourgroup’sneeds”与关键词同义,所以A项是最佳答案。3.How do teaching artists help to make art projects into the school curriculum?A.By giving lessons online. B.By working with teachers.C.By providing free materials. D.By designing projects alone.答案B解析细节理解题。题干问:教学艺术家们怎样帮助艺术项目进入学校的课程?关键词是:teachingartists,artprojects,schoolcurriculum。在“Learningthroughart”段落中找到了这些关键词。“wheretheyworkwithclassroomteacherstodevelopandfacilitateartprojectsintotheschoolcurriculum”是答案的信息点。4.What can we do in the Sackler Center?A.Appreciate art works.B.Dine with your friends.C.Perform science experiments.D.Collect your favorite exhibits.答案A解析推理判断题。题干问:我们在SacklerCenter可以做什么?关键词是SacklerCenter。在最后一段找到这个关键词。这个中心提供的教育设施有:艺术和多媒体实验室、剧院、展览馆和会议室。根据“anexhibitiongallery”可推知,我们可在这儿欣赏艺术作品。D项是干扰项,它的意思是“搜集最喜欢的展品”,违背常识。 B(2018湖南郴州二模)Zach Bonner knows just how far trying can get you.Earlier this month the eleven-year-old completed his biggest charity project to date.He walked almost two thousand kilometers from his home in Florida to Washington D.C.to raise money for homeless children in America.Zach called his project “From My House to the White House”.He carried a message to the American president and lawmakers.He asked for help for the homeless children in the United States.The walk raised tens of thousands of dollars for Zach’s cause.His mother says Zach has always enjoyed community service work.It began when Hurricane Charley hit Florida in 2014.Zach decided to help victims by walking around his area with his little red wagon collecting and giving out bottles of water.He got the nickname “Little Red Wagon Boy”.Now,“Little Red Wagon” is the name of Zach’s foundation.It has raised money for playgrounds and shelters for homeless children.Zach also gives out thousands of backpacks.He fills each “Zachpac” with a toy,personal cleaning supplies,socks,sewing supplies,a first-aid kit and food.Zach has won many awards,met several presidents and been on television.But that is not why he wants to help people.Zach Bonner says if you have a good heart you have to use it.And,he says,charity work is a lot of fun.Eighteen-year-old Christina Johnson and her older sister Geneva started their project,“Bring It On” in the Bronx area of New York City in 2014.They wanted to improve the place where they lived.The area was so dangerous that their parents would not let them play outside.The girls started a program to empower children in their community.“Bring It On” organizes volunteers to clean up waste in the area.The group also holds classes and talks on health,leadership,how to set up small businesses and other issues.“Bring It On” receives money and other support from local businesses and other sponsors. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道类文章。介绍了美国青少年发起的两项帮助他人的慈善工程。5.Which of the following is NOT true about Zach Bonner?A.He had persuaded his mother to work with him.B.His walk helped raise a large amount of money.C.He won his nickname by helping the victims with a little red wagon.D.He enjoyed himself in doing community service work.答案A解析细节理解题。题干问:哪一个选项不正确?做此题宜用排除法。第一段中的“ThewalkraisedtensofthousandsofdollarsforZach’scause.”表明B项正确;根据第二段中的“...Hegotthenickname ‘LittleRedWagonBoy’.”可知C项正确;根据第二段中的第一句“HismothersaysZachhasalwaysenjoyedcommunityservicework.”可知D项正确。而A项在前两段中没有相关信息。6.Why was Zach Bonner’s foundation started?A.To ask the American president and lawmakers for help.B.To win awards and appear on television.C.To have a lot of fun with other people.D.To raise money for homeless children.答案D解析细节理解题。题干问:ZachBonner为什么创建基金会?关键词是why,foundation和started。通过寻读在第二段中找到关键词foundation所在的句子“Now,‘LittleRedWagon’ isthenameofZach’sfoundation.”细读后面的内容“Ithasraisedmoneyforplaygroundsandsheltersforhomelesschildren.”可知,Zach创建基金会的目的是为流浪儿童筹资。7.What does the underlined phrase “empower children” in the last paragraph refer to?A.Give children the power to do anything.B.Take control of children.C.Enable children to live safely.D.Stop children playing with each other.答案C解析词义猜测题。应该在画线词所在句子的前后部分寻找答案信息。后面的内容与该句是排比句,内容无关,而上一段的内容“Theywantedtoimprovetheplacewheretheylived.Theareawassodangerousthattheirparentswouldnotletthemplayoutside.”却告诉我们“Thegirlsstartedaprogramtoempowerchildrenintheircommunity.”的原因,故C项是最佳答案。8.What can be inferred according to the text?A.“Little Red Wagon” and “Bring It On” are the nicknames of youths.B.Young people are leading the way in volunteering in the United States.C.The girls started their program to find lost children in their community.D.Christina Johnson and Geneva are making efforts to raise money.答案B解析推理判断题。题干问:根据文章,应该推断出什么?本文中第一层次介绍了11岁的ZachBonner为流浪儿童筹资;第二层次介绍了18岁的ChristinaJohnson和她的姐姐创建了“BringItOn”工程,志愿清理垃圾、提供健康、领导能力、创建生意方面的讲座等等。从这两个故事中,我们可以推知美国青少年的志愿者活动在美国起到了带头作用。A项中的“LittleRedWagon”是Zach的绰号,但“BringItOn”是不是ChristinaJohnson和Geneva的绰号文中没有给出任何信息。最后一段中的第一句话“Thegirlsstartedaprogramtoempowerchildrenintheircommunity.”可知C项错误;ChristinaJohnsonandGeneva的“BringItOn”是志愿者活动,不是筹资,属张冠李戴错误。Ⅳ.七选五(2018河南新乡三模)As new car prices continue to climb,you can find reliable but cheap used cars for sale.Many are readily available online,but car lots and local auto auctions(拍卖)also provide excellent sources for inexpensive vehicles.Here are the tips.Searchonline　1　.Some sites specialize in automotive sales and may contain hundreds of local lists.Private sellers may offer considerably lower prices for their cars than a dealer and be more receptive to negotiation.You will find dealer lists on these sites as well. VisitlocalauctionsThough many car auctions take place online,you still can find a cheap used car at a specialized auto auction.These auctions,available in many bigger cities,are the same ones where local dealers purchase cars for sale.　2　,so check with your local auto auction center to confirm. 　3　 Many organizations that manage a fleet of vehicles sell their used cars when they remove them from active service.Car rental companies frequently sell late model,relatively low mileage former rental cars for well below the price a dealer would charge for a similar vehicle.For a very cheap used car,consider browsing retired police cars and government surplus vehicles.　4　. Bepreparedtonegotiate　5　,you will likely have the opportunity to negotiate for a lower sales price.When negotiating with a dealer,according to the financial magazine Forbes,you may be able to get the lowest possible price on the last day of the month,a day with poor weather,or late at night on the weekend.Negotiations with a private seller often are more direct and consist of simply offering your ideal and reasonable price. A.Consider retired vehiclesB.Ask advice from local dealersC.These cars will help you save a lotD.Unless you buy your used car in an auctionE.Rules can vary significantly from auction to auctionF.When you find a chance to ask about the local situationG.Many private individuals start with online classified websites答案1~5 GEACD