2022年高考英语一轮复习Module5ALessoninaLab课后练习含解析外研版必修1

这是一份2022年高考英语一轮复习Module5ALessoninaLab课后练习含解析外研版必修1，共11页。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．I used t g (g)t the cinema，but I never get the time nw.
2．T live a lng and healthy life，we must learn t have a balanced (balance)diet.
3．He said that these measures were aimed (aim)at helping the pr.
4．The teacher is teaching the students hw t expand a sentence int a paragraph.
5．It is imprtant t pay (pay)yur electricity bill n time，as late payments may affect yur credit.
6．The message is very imprtant，s it is suppsed t be sent (send)as sn as pssible.
7．The mre yu practise speaking English，the greater (great)prgress yu'll make in it.
8．The baby by is at the stage where he can nly say a few simple wrds but nt yet full sentences.
9．Yu'd sund a lt mre plite if yu make a request in the frm f a questin.
10．We are prud f ur achievements and hpeful fr the future.
Ⅱ.选词填空
at the tp f; be prud f; be suppsed t; rder; used t
My rm 1.used t be in a mess，which greatly bthered my mther.One day she was s angry that she shuted 2.at the tp f her vice，“Yu will never be rganised if yur rm g n like this.” At her wrds，I realized I 3.was suppsed t change my habits.Frm then n，I have made it a rule t 4.put everything in rder.Seeing my clean rm，my mther 5.is prud f me.
in the area f; find ut; ; f; g ahead; react with
Tm，wh is interested in chemistry，aims t make a breakthrugh 6.in the area f it.Yesterday，t see if irn 7.reacts with air­free water，he 8.added sme il t the water，which culd help 9.keep air ut f the water.In the end，he drew a cnclusin that irn des nt rust in air­free water.T 10.find ut mre scientific truth，he will 11.g ahead with several ther experiments in the fllwing days.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)你不应该把筷子插进食物里。相反，把它们放在你的盘子上是一个明智的选择。
Yu are nt suppsed t stick yur chpsticks int yur fd．Instead，laying them n yur dish is a smart chice.
2．我相信这次旅行会大大增加我们的知识。
The trip，I believe，will add greatly t ur knwledge．
3．问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
The mre difficult the questins are，the less likely he is able t answer them.
4．对你来说，通晓中国文化是必要的。
It's necessary fr yu t have a gd knwledge f Chinese culture.
5．这是你今天早上要的文件。
Here is the dcument yu asked fr this mrning.
Ⅳ.片段写作——用本单元知识完成小作文
B卷 高考题型组合卷
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2020·福建省高三质检) Life n the street is a cnstant struggle fr hmeless peple.In times f extreme weather cnditins，that struggle becmes even mre difficult.Recently，hmeless peple acrss Chicag faced freezing t death if they culdn't find shelter fr the night.
Thankfully，ne lcal wman refused t let that happen.On January 30，2018，34­year­ld Candice Payne，a lcal managing brker，was lucky enugh t have shelter frm the dangerus cnditins.
“It was －20℃，and I knew they were ging t be sleeping n ice and I had t d smething，” said Payne.Payne started brainstrming different ways she culd pssibly help.Finally，she decided t see if there were any rms available at lcal inns and htels that she culd get t help thse stuck n the street.
Fr Payne，her missin was persnal.Accrding t Payne，her husband，Carls Callahan，had lived n the streets at ne pint in his life.Based n his experiences，Payne knew that the hmeless peple still ut n the street desperately needed help and that if she didn't step up t help，n ne likely wuld.
Hwever，when Payne explained what she was trying t d，many f the lcal htels refused t allw her t pay fr the rms as they didn't want hmeless peple t stay in their rms.“N ne wanted them，but ne htel，the Amber Inn，was nice enugh t allw me t buy the rms，” said Payne.
Payne's selfless act made news acrss the cuntry.Hwever，she insisted she had never dne it fr attentin.“I am a regular persn，” said Payne，wh spent thusands f dllars f her wn mney t help cmplete strangers.“It all sunded like a rich persn did this，but I'm just a little black girl frm the Suth Side.”
文章大意：本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她的丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。
1．What des the underlined wrd “that” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Lcals living n the street.
B．The hmeless freezing t death.
C．The extreme weather.
D．The shelter fr the hmeless.
解析：B 考查代词指代。根据第一段尾句“Recently，hmeless peple acrss Chicag faced freezing t death if they culdn't find shelter fr the night.”可知，最近，芝加哥各地的无家可归者如果找不到过夜的地方，就会被冻死。结合画线词所在句可知，幸好，一位当地的女士拒绝让此发生。据此可推知，画线词that指代“The hmeless freezing t death”。
2．Hw did Candice Payne help the hmeless peple?
A．By drawing public attentin.
B．By giving them mney directly.
C．By taking them t her wn huse.
D．By buying htel rms fr them.
解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第三段尾句“Finally，she decided t see if there were any rms available at lcal inns and htels that she culd get t help thse stuck n the street.”可知，Candice Payne最终决定为这些无家可归者订旅馆的房间以免他们被冻死，故D项正确。
3．What may cntribute t Payne's nice act?
A．Her husband's past experiences.
B．The requests frm the hmeless.
C．Her desire t becme famus.
D．The cldness f lcal htels.
解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第四段第二、三句“Accrding t Payne，her husband，Carls Callahan，had lived n the streets at ne pint in his life.Based n his experiences，Payne knew that the hmeless peple still ut n the street desperately needed help and that if she didn't step up t help，n ne likely wuld.”可知，由于受到她的丈夫无家可归的经历的触动，她决定帮助这些无家可归的人，故A项正确。
4．Which f the fllwing can be the best title fr the text?
A．A Black Fighter Changes the Wrld
B．A Wman's Curisity Brings a Reward
C．A Regular Wman Makes a Difference
D．A Cuple's Brave Act Mves the Cuntry
解析：C 考查标题判断。根据第二段第一句“Thankfully，ne lcal wman refused t let that happen.”和尾段最后两句并结合全文其他内容可知，本文主要讲述了一位普通的芝加哥女士受到她的丈夫的经历的触动，为防止无家可归者在大街上被冻死，决定为他们订旅馆的房间；她的无私善举传遍全国。故C项“一位普通女士的影响”最适合作本文的标题。
B
(2020·陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测) In a majr medical breakthrugh，Tel Aviv University researchers have “printed” the wrld's first 3D vascularized (血管化的) engineered heart using a patient's wn cells and bilgical materials.Their findings were published n April 15 in a study in Advanced Science.
“This is the first time anyne anywhere has successfully engineered and printed an entire heart，” says Prf.Tal Dvir f Department f Materials Science and Engineering，wh led the research fr the study.“This heart is made frm human cells and patient­specific bilgical materials.In ur prcess，these materials serve as the biinks，smething made f sugars and prteins that can be used fr 3D printing f cmplex tissue mdels，” Prf.Dvir says.“Peple managed t 3D­print the structure f a heart in the past，but nt with cells r with bld vessels.Our results demnstrate the ptential f ur apprach fr engineering persnalized tissue and rgan replacement in the future.”
Accrding t Prf.Dvir，the use f “native” patient­specific materials is imprtant t successfully engineering tissues and rgans.
The researchers are nw planning n culturing the printed hearts in the lab and “teaching them t behave” like hearts，Prf.Dvir says.They then plan t transplant the 3D­printed heart int animal mdels.
“We need t develp the printed heart further，” he cncludes.“The cells need t frm a pumping ability; they can currently cntract (收缩)，but we need them t wrk tgether.Our hpe is that we will succeed and prve ur methd's efficacy (功效) and usefulness.Maybe，in ten years，there will be rgan printers in the finest hspitals arund the wrld，and these prcedures will be cnducted rutinely.”
文章大意：特拉维夫大学的研究人员使用病人自己的细胞和生物材料3D打印出了世界上第一颗有血管的心脏，这是一项重大的医学突破。
5．What des Prf.Dvir think f an early 3D­printed heart?
A．It was highly practical. B．It was t expensive.
C．It was persnalized. D．It was t simple.
解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第二段倒数第二句Dvir教授所说的话“Peple managed t 3D­print the structure f a heart in the past，but nt with cells r with bld vessels.”可知，在过去，人们设法3D打印出了心脏的结构，但没有细胞或血管。据此可推知，Dvir教授认为过去3D打印的心脏很简单，故D项正确。
6．What d we knw abut the latest 3D­printed heart?
A．It can be cultured in the lab.
B．It can match a patient perfectly.
C．It has been transplanted int animals.
D．It has been widely used in hspitals.
解析：A 考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“The researchers are nw planning n culturing the printed hearts in the lab and ‘teaching them t behave’ like hearts, Prf.Dvir says.”可知，研究人员目前正计划在实验室中培养这些打印出来的心脏，并“教它们像心脏一样运动”，据此可知，最新的3D打印心脏可以在实验室中培养，故A项正确。
7．What is Prf.Dvir's attitude t the develpment f the printed heart?
A．Ambiguus. B．Psitive.
C．Disapprving. D．Cautius.
解析：B 考查观点态度。根据最后一段中Dvir教授所说的话“Maybe，in ten years，there will be rgan printers in the finest hspitals arund the wrld，and these prcedures will be cnducted rutinely.”可知，可能在十年后，世界上一些最好的医院将会有器官打印机；据此可推知，Dvir教授对打印心脏的发展持乐观的态度，故B项正确。
8．What is the authr's purpse in writing the text?
A．T explain the basic principle f 3D technlgy.
B．T intrduce a breakthrugh f medical research.
C．T dubt the medical value f a new inventin.
D．T prve the effectiveness f the new technlgy.
解析：B 考查写作意图。根据文章第一段第一句并结合文章其他内容可知，文章主要介绍了一项医学突破：特拉维夫大学的研究人员利用病人自己的细胞和生物材料3D打印出了世界上第一颗有血管的心脏。故B项正确。【熟词生义】 culture (Para.4) 常用义：n.文化
例句：She has studied the cultures f many cuntries.
她研究过许多国家的文化。
文章义：v.培养
例句：T cnfirm the diagnsis，the hspital labratry must culture a clny f bacteria.
为进一步确诊，医院实验室必须培养一个细菌菌落。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020·开封市高三模拟) When ur restaurant business failed，we headed nrth in a camping truck t Texas，hping t have a “fresh start”．
At the 1 f Pal Dur Canyn (峡谷) State Park，I 2 a jb advertisement hiring park hsts.The psitin ffered a 3 ，permanent campsite in the park and 4 ，the hsts served as a link between the park's guests and the rangers (护林人).It was the perfect slutin：a rent­free place t rerganize ur lives.We entered the park and I made an 5 fr the fllwing day.
The park was 6 ，s it tk us sme time t find an available site.That evening，as we finished ur dinner，my wife saw tw large skunks (臭鼬) walking tward ur table.We 7 climbed nt the table and，fr the next fur hurs，waited fr them t 8 ur camp.
Having survived that night，we were 9 that everything else wuld be all right.The next day we met with the peple wh ran the park.They explained ur 10 and gave us a beautiful campsite.
That evening， 11 ，we learned abut the canyn 12 ．They were strng and cld，rcking ur little camping truck vilently，and we lay 13 in the dark until the winds died away.
14 the weeks that fllwed，we learned t survive in ur truck.And we managed t 15 the little mney my wife 16 by substitute teaching.Building a successful business and then lsing it had left very little time fr building a successful 17 ．Fr a time after ur business 18 I thught I might lse my family as well.
Living in the tiny 19 with n televisin，we sat clse tgether reading and talking.One evening，standing under a jeweled sky，I fund myself 20 fr all the hardships.We had walked the trails and climbed the canyn walls.We had becme a family!
文章大意：餐馆生意失败后作者和妻子一起去了得克萨斯州。作者在帕罗杜洛峡谷州立公园的入口处，看到了招聘公园管理人员的广告。作者因为这个岗位能提供免费的野营地而去参加应聘。然后他与妻子一起在野营卡车里过了几周的艰苦生活，但是这样的生活使作者能够和妻子紧靠在一起阅读和谈话。最终，作者不仅对所经历的磨难充满感激，而且回归了家庭，并最终爱上峡谷公园的一切。
1．A.back B．edge
C．centre D．entrance
解析：D 招聘广告一般都贴在入口处。edge“边缘”；entrance“入口”。
2．A.spnsred B．published
C．nticed D．answered
解析：C 作者注意到一则招聘公园管理人员的广告。spnsr“赞助”；publish“出版”。
3．A.safe B．free
C．cnvenient D．beautiful
解析：B 根据下文中的“a rent­free place”可知，这个岗位提供一个免费的、永久性的营地。
4．A.in return B．in time
C．in shrt D．in turn
解析：A 根据空前表述这个岗位提供永久性的营地和空后的这个岗位的职责并结合选项可知，此处应是作为回报，这些被招聘来的管理人员在公园游客和护林人员之间起联系作用。in return“作为回报”；in time“及时”；in shrt“总而言之”；in turn“轮流，转而”。
5．A.attempt B．agreement
C．appeal D．appintment
解析：D 根据第10空前一句“The next day we met with the peple wh ran the park.”可知，此处是作者与招聘人员约好第二天见面。attempt“尝试，企图”；agreement“同意，协议”；appeal“呼吁，吸引力”；appintment“预约，约会，约定”。
6．A.crwded B．dangerus
C．ideal D．quiet
解析：A 根据空后的“s it tk us sme time t find an available site”可知，作者花了一些时间才找到可用的位置，故可反推出：公园是十分拥挤的。crwded“拥挤的”；ideal“理想的”。
7．A.repeatedly B．immediately
C．eventually D．calmly
解析：B 根据语境可知，看到两只臭鼬爬过来，作者和妻子立即爬到桌子上。repeatedly“反复地”。
8．A.attack B．leave
C．pass D．search
解析：B 根据该句中的“waited fr them”和语境可知，此处表示作者和妻子等着臭鼬离开。
9．A.satisfied B．determined
C．cnfident D．aware
解析：C 根据空处前后的内容可知，那一夜他们有惊无险地度过了，所以此处作者很自信其他一切都会好起来的。satisfied“满意的”；determined“有决心的”；aware“知道的，意识到的”。
10．A.respnsibilities B．requirements
C．circumstances D．cnditins
解析：A 根据空前一句可知，作者与招聘人员见了面，招聘人员肯定要向作者说明作者他们的工作职责。requirement“要求”；circumstance“情况，情形”。
11．A.mrever B．therefre
C．meanwhile D．hwever
解析：D 根据第13空后的“winds”可知，此处表达的是，那天夜里他们遭遇到了峡谷狂风。与上文他们自信地认为一切都会好起来形成转折，故用hwever“但是，然而”。mrever“此外，而且”。
12．A.winds B．snws
C．wds D．trails
解析：A 参见上题解析。
13．A.shaking B．quarrelling
C．murning D．aching
解析：A 根据空前一句“They were strng and cld，rcking ur little camping truck vilently”可知，狂风摇动着野营车，作者和妻子也随之摇动直到狂风渐息。shake“摇动”；quarrel“争吵”；murn“哀悼，忧伤”；ache“疼痛”。
14．A.After B．Between
C．During D．Beynd
解析：C 根据语境可知，在接下来的几周时间里，作者和妻子学会了在卡车中生存并设法依靠妻子临时代课挣来的少量的钱生活。
15．A.give away B．hand ut
C．live n D．put aside
解析：C 参见上题解析。give away“赠送，泄露”；hand ut“分发”；live n“依靠……生活”；put aside“忽视，储存”。
16．A.brrwed B．earned
C．psted D．raised
解析：B 参见第14题解析。pst“邮寄，张贴”；raise“举起，筹集”。
17．A.business B．career
C．family D．image
解析：C 根据下文中的“I might lse my family as well”可知，此处表达的是开了一个成功的店，然后又失去了它，(这一过程)使得作者很少有时间建立一个成功的家庭，故选C。
18．A.started B．failed
C．expanded D．declined
解析：B 根据第一段第一句中的“When ur restaurant business failed”可知，此处是生意失败后的一段时间内，作者认为自己连家也可能失去。fail“失败”；expand“扩大”；decline“下降，拒绝”。
19．A.truck B．park
C．huse D．camp
解析：A 根据上文中的“survive in ur truck”可知，此处表示作者夫妻俩生活在无电视的狭小的野营车内。
20．A.desperate B．ready
C．suitable D．thankful
解析：D 根据本段最后一句“We had becme a family”和空前的“a jeweled sky”可知，此处应是作者对过去的磨难充满了感激。desperate“绝望的”；suitable“适合的”；thankful“感激的”。
【词汇积累】 available adj.可获得的；可用的 slutin n．解决办法 rent­free adj.免租金的 rerganize v．重新安排 rck v．剧烈摇摆 die away慢慢变弱
完成片段作文
词汇句式升级
①First f all， eq \(□,\s\up1(1)) t set a specific aim (确定具体的目标)is necessary and useful.It is because nly when yu have a specific aim can yu study mre efficiently.Besides，we shuld eq \(□,\s\up1(2)) frm gd learning habits (养成好的学习习惯)，which can cntribute t better academic perfrmance.Fr example， eq \(□,\s\up1(3)) making full use f time (充分利用时间) is ne f the best habits.Besides，it is equally imprtant fr us eq \(□,\s\up1(4)) t keep a balance between study and prper relaxatin (在学习和适当放松之间保持平衡).②In a wrd，if ur learning methds are mre scientific，we will perfrm better in exams.
1.用本单元高级词汇替换加黑单词或短语
(1)Besides→In additin
(2)shuld→are suppsed t
(3)In a wrd→In cnclusin
2．按要求改写句式
(1)用it作形式主语升级句①
First f all，it is necessary and useful t set a specific.
(2)用“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”升级句②
In cnclusin，the mre scientific ur learning methds are，the better we will perfrm in exams.
语篇类型
记叙文
主题语境
人与社会——爱心故事——帮助无家可归者过冬的无私女士
语篇类型
说明文
主题语境
人与社会——科技——3D打印的有血管的心脏
语篇类型
记叙文
主题语境
人与自我——个人经历——发现生活的真谛