2022年上海市静安区高考二模英语试题（无答案）

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2021学年第二学期高三英语适应性练习
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. She is using a wrong study approach.
B. She has failed the final exam.
C. She hasn’t finished the reading task.
D. She hasn’t listed the study difficulties.
2. A. The job pays poorly.
B. The woman is satisfied with her new job.
C. The woman can’t bear too many business travels.
D. The woman decides to quit her new job.
3. A. They should drive Jack’s car this time.
B. She is not interested in spending the weekend in London.
C. She is not good at driving.
D. She would rather spend the weekend locally.
4. A. She would soon dine at the restaurant.
B. She didn’t prefer juicy food.
C. The steak was not tasty.
D. She lived opposite the restaurant.
5. A. 10 dollars. B. 20 dollars. C. 120 dollars. D. 240 dollars
6. A. In a paint store. B. In a wine shop.
C. In a laundry. D. In a press agency.
7. A. They rarely wear heavy coats.
B. It’s normally cold in March.
C. It’s easy for the man to catch a cold.
D. It’s warm now.
8. A. The crime scenes were presented well.
B. It was not interesting at all.
C. Some clues were leaked before the woman saw it.
D. Most audience guessed out the ending.
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9. A. The man is too picky about food.
B. The man should anyhow eat breakfast.
C. The milk is too cold for the man.
D. The man shouldn’t skip before eating.
10. A. She won’t start a salon.
B. She will set up a comfortable zone in her salon.
C. She earns a lot as a hair dresser.
D. She specializes in managing businesses.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each
passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Greatly reducing the chance of delay.
B. Giving you a perfect flight.
C. Offering you more time to pack.
D. Securing a flight seat.
12. A. Because you can give your food to the gate attendant.
B. Because in many cases, food is not available at airports.
C. Because you can feel better when you are delayed.
D. Because you can share your food with other passengers.
13. A. To introduce a new friend to you.
B. To arrange a possible replacement flight for you.
C. To share with you your negative feelings.
D. To arrange a ticket refund for you.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. It provides a pain-relieving tool.
B. The heels (鞋跟) can be changed easily.
C. The heels click loudly on the dance floor.
D. It’s convenient to carry the heels.
15. A. It’s only available to dancers.
B. It’s not available outside Europe.
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C. It is an imaginary product.
D. It is very expensive.
16. A. The special shoes for dance floors.
B. A shoe product in different colors.
C. Shoes accompanied with various heels.
D. A kind of special flat-heeled shoes.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. Items from food tasting event.
B. Souvenirs from the Palace Museum.
. C. Regards from the Emperor.
D. Food from the Palace Museum’s online shop.
18. A. The ancient recipe. B. The 24 solar terms.
C. The old palaces. D. Emperor Qianlong.
19. A. The food powder. B. Chinese traditional medicine.
C. The cookies. D. The nuts.
20. A. Food which is easy to go bad.
B. Items not allowed on planes.
C. Traditional Chinese food.
D. Items favored by most online customers.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
My community and state are still recovering from the recent disaster. A storm
(21)______(strike) on a Friday evening, knocking down trees, blocking roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines.
Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly found themselves in the dark (22)______ water,
electricity, air conditioning, and internet. They found themselves cut off from the modern world.
(23) ______(endure) 90 degree plus heat，they had no idea when it would be over.
However, the most amazing thing happened. (24)______the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. While there were a few acts of selfishness, they (25)______(overlook) amid the wave of love that came from the hearts of so many.
People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to
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(26)______ who had none. People rushed out to clear roads and homes of fallen trees. Selfless power engineers worked around the clock to repair the damage and restore electricity.
People gathered in their gardens (27)______ they shared hugs and offered words of hope and
faith that they would see themselves through it all. Strangers came together as one family to help
each other in this time of great need. Most people acted like heroes under the most difficult
circumstances.
Life's disasters challenge all of us from time to time with no one (28)______(spare).
How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We (29)______ react to them like evils of
selfishness or like heroes of love. May you always bring the best from your heart to (30)______
life may throw at you then!
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
Fashion has always been at the forefront of innovation — from the invention of the sewing machine to the rise of e-commerce. Like tech, fashion is forward-looking and cyclical.A. prediction B. automates C. resemble D. images E. diverse
F. cooperate G. sourced H. rough I. crucial J. patented K. streams

And today, fashion technology is growing at a faster pace than ever.
Robots that sew and cut, AI algorithms(算法) that forecast style trends, clothes that are worn
in virtual reality — a collection of innovations show how technology ___31___ the fashion design process.
To seize the opportunity to produce more income ___32___ and business models, fashion
companies try to ___33___ with technology providers, grab startups, and even build their own tech. Meanwhile, as the industry faces an overdue count of its environmental and social impacts, it
is reexamining processes across the value chain in an attempt to reinvent itself.
For example, artificial intelligence will reshape brands’ approach to product design and development, with a focus on the ___34___ of what customers will want to wear next. But algorithms aren’t taking the place of human designers any time soon. If there’s anything that fashion houses’ experiments have shown, it’s that human involvement is ___35___ to commanding the new ideas provided by AI and translating them into appealing, wearable clothes for now.
Tech companies are pouring in. One IT giant has already tested the water of user-driven AI
fashion design with Project Muze. The project trained a system to understand ___36___ colors
and style preferences, based on trend data ___37___ from an online fashion platform. From there,
Project Muze used an algorithm to create designs to tailor to customers’ real needs.
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As a new player, another e-commerce giant, with the project Lab126, is trying to learn about a particular fashion style and then create similar ___38___. Without designers or past experiences,
it’s like creating from scratch. If that sounds like “fast fashion for sale,” it’s because it probably
is. The company has already ___39___ a manufacturing system to make on-demand clothes-making a reality.
Of course, the outcomes of these AI designs aren’t always runway-ready. Many designs created
for users of Project Muze were unwearable drafts and some people consider the designs of the Lab126 ___40___.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Against all our wishes, advertising works, which is why, even in hard economic times, Madison
Avenue is a $34-billion–a–year business. And if Martin Lindstrom, a marketing consultant is correct, trying to ___41___ the advertisement is about to get especially hard.
83% of all forms of advertising principally ___42___ only one of our senses: sight. Hearing,
however, can be just as powerful, though advertisers have taken only limited advantage of it. Historically, ads have relied on slogans(广告语) to catch our ear, ___43___ everyday sounds — a steak sizzling(发嘶嘶声), a baby laughing and other sounds we can't help paying attention to. Weave these everyday sounds into an ad campaign and we customers may be ___44___ to resist them.
According to Lindstrom, the everyday sound that is most impressive，both in terms of interest
and ___45___ feelings, is a baby laughing. The other high-ranking sounds are also powerful-the sound of a car engine or a soda being poured.
In all of these cases, it doesn’t need an experienced advertisement designer to invent the sounds,
associate them with meanings and then play them over and over until the subjects ___46___ them. Rather, the everyday sounds already have meanings and thus can cause a kind of ___47___: hunger, thirst or happy expectation.
Some TV ads have already given viewers close-up shots of meat with sizzling sounds. And
retailers are ___48___. Lindstrom is now consulting with clients, intending to pipe the sound of
filtering coffee or fizzing soda into the drink department or that of a baby laughing sound into the baby-food section.
Of course, this doesn’t mean that advertisers can just press the audio button ___49___ and
consumers will come eagerly. Indeed, sometimes customers flee. In the early years of cell-phone use, the ringtone(铃音) of a famous cell phone brand was recognized by many people in the U.K.,
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but soon it became widely ___50___. That, Lindstrom says, was partly because so few users observed cell-phone manners and ___51___ accidents kept happening in places like movie theaters. The computer start-up sound has taken on the similarly negative ___52___, because people so often hear it when they're restarting the computer after it ___53___. In these cases, manufacturers themselves may as well revise the bothersome sound or ___54___ it entirely.
Lindstrom's experiment also shows that people respond to a sound better when it's ___55___.
If nothing else, smart marketers may at least keep the volume low.
41. A. tune out B. admit to C. depend on D. take over
42. A. evaluate B. spoil C. engage D. portray
43. A. classifying B. ignoring C. challenging D. representing
44. A. sensible B. selfish C. powerless D. pleasant
45. A. hollow B. positive C. violent D. foreign
46. A. infer B. reject C. internalize D. perform
47.A. consumption B. reaction C. favor D. spread
48. A. following suit B. cooling down C. losing heart D. taking risks
49. A. on guard B. with ease C. under way D. in reality
50. A. disliked B. observed C. represented D. enveloped
51. A. objective B. temporary C. mysterious D. annoying
52. A. association B. agreement C. tip D. symptom
53. A. responded B. revived C. crashed D. persisted
54. A. replace B. rescue C. balance D. refund
55. A. optional B. random C. specific D. faint
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Before the break of dawn, Simon was already standing on the shore watching the sea intensely
for any signs of a coming storm. Despite learning from the weather forecast the likelihood of a
violent storm, he didn’t change his mind about starting his weekly fishing trip. After checking for
the third time that he had brought with him what he needed, Simon got onto his boat and sailed into the vast blue sea. Before long. he was anchoring(固定) his boat in the middle of the sea. Satisfied with the spot, he cast his net, hoping for a good catch.
Simon then relaxed on the deck and watched the sun rising slowly above the horizon. “One
can never trust the weather station,” he said, but he had said it too soon. At that moment, there was
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a sudden strike of lightning, followed by a shout of thunder. The entire sky was suddenly filled
with dark clouds. Wave after wave rolled up, hitting his boat and sending it rocking violently sideways. A sense of hopelessness drowned him but when images of his family flashed across his mind, he knew what he had to do. In double-quick time, he cut off the fishing lines and dumped his
fishing equipment into the sea. Eventually, the storm eased and the waves died down.
To make matters worse, the boat engine died. As he was many kilometres offshore, the only likely rescue was to be spotted by a boat. But who would be out at sea in such horrible weather except him? That made Simon regret his earlier decision again.
Exhausted, Simon soon drifted off to sleep. When he awoke, the sun had already risen. Simon
had lost track of time and location. Sighing, he stood on the deck, staring out hopefully. Then he
spotted it. He dived into the water and swam towards the island a few metres ahead of him.
When Simon reached land, he was too weak to stand on his legs. Fortunately, a kind-hearted man
helped him up and contacted his family. Though Simon emerged from the nightmare unhurt, the fateful day remained forever in his mind. Neglecting the weather forecast, he paid a heavy price. He then learnt that everyone should respect science and be more mindful of his decision.
56. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Not informed of the weather forecast, Simon went fishing as planned.
B. Simon lost his fishing equipment because it was blown off by the wind.
C. Love for his family made him take action trying to save himself.
D. Though he was finally saved, he was hurt badly.
57. What did he see after he woke up?
A. Another boat ready to drag his boat.
B. A rescue team sent by his family.
C. A new boat engine to be equipped on his boat.
D. An island not far from his boat.
58. What mainly caused him to meet with such a horrible event?
A. He was too confident of his ability to deal with the rescue team.
B. He ignored storm forecast and went fishing anyway.
C. His fishing equipment was too heavy for his boat.
D. He positioned his boat in a wrong location in the sea.
59. What is the passage mainly about?
A. A smooth fishing trip a fisherman used to have.
B. A terrible accident a fisherman experienced and how he survived.
C. The hardships a man has to handle when going fishing.
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D. Ways to seek help in dangerous situations in life.
(B)
There’s something fascinating about discovering a local pub and enjoying a hometown
alcoholic drink. Also, you may explore these cities for an entirely new drinking experience.
Tokyo for Underground Sake(清酒)
There’s no better city in the world for sake than Tokyo, Japan. The Japanese have a strong tradition of making sake, a drink made from rice. The drink has a rich cultural background that
makes drinking sake a celebration with every sip. You can even have a drink inside the railway
station which opens at 7 a.m. when you wait for the train. Sometimes the amazing flavor is
presented unexpectedly.
London for Drinks “Shaken and Not Stirred”
Though British icon James Bond's fascination with gin martinis seemed to have pushed gin
（杜松子酒）into the global view, London has a long history of gin drinking and many gin lovers throughout the country. The old-time menus in many bars make local people emotional, reminding
them of the simpler old days only London can claim.
St. Petersburg for a Lux Vodka（伏特加） Selection
St. Petersburg enjoys a wide variety of bars meant for that original Russian vodka experience including the famous bar ryumochnaya. The bar was originally meant to defy the misbehavior of labeling people. It was a place for everyone to just enjoy a drink. A billionaire could be sitting happily next to a worker. Today in spite of many other bars with higher-end atmosphere than the ryumochnaya, the old bar still remains the best vodka bar of the city with the most varied customers.
New Orleans for the First Cocktail(鸡尾酒)
New Orleans is home to what many believe is America’s first cocktail the Sazerac. In 1838 Antoine Peychaud used two kinds of alcoholic drinks to create the delicious cocktail and kicked off a drink revolution. Today, bars like Compère Lapin stay true to the New Orleans spirit of cocktail, and also offer other exciting options like beer and red wine.
60.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The best sake bar of Japan is positioned in the underground.
B. James Bond started the habit of gin drinking in London.
C. Ryumochnaya tops St. Petersburg vodka bars for its most luxurious atmosphere.
D. Besides cocktail, Compère Lapin serves other kinds of alcoholic drinks.
61. The underlined word defy is closest in meaning to ______.
A. highlight B. imitate C. resist D. reward
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62. The city with a number of bars to make people recall the city’s passed time is ______.
A. Tokyo B. London C. St. Petersburg D. New Orleans.
(C)
It’s difficult to think about how to spend money, and deciding money value in the future is almost impossible to many people. That’s because it is hard for us to consider the opportunity costs of objects we purchase.
A study was conducted with people who wanted to purchase a car to determine their ability to
assess the opportunity cost of that purchase. When asked “If you buy this car today, what will you not be able to do in the future as a result?”, the majority said, “If I buy this SUV today, I will not be able to buy a sports car tomorrow.” Nobody said that he would not be able to buy 300 lunches at a restaurant because they were, though unconsciously, restricted within the car field, not even attempting to think of an item from another field.
The nature of modern spending makes things even harder by making money less concrete. If
I give you $1,000 in an envelope each week, you will see in the shop that what you’re buying comes at the expense of other things of the same price. After all, you have the real experience
because you have to hand out the real money note if you want to get the object. But with credit
cards and loans, financial mechanisms have become increasingly unclear, making it more difficult for people to compare the value of spending now with the value of money in the future as they are allowed to pay for the purchases later.
Irrelevant influences and considerations, such as a person’s present emotions or preferences,
can influence how much worth someone places on an object too.
In a study, Professor Dan Ariely and his team asked participants to determine the value of objects like wine, chocolates and electronics.
“We first told them to consider whether they would pay the amount equivalent to the last two
digits of their social security numbers,” he says. “We found a significant relation between the amount they were willing to pay and these digits.”
For instance, someone whose social security number(SSN) ends in 25 valued the objects much
lower than someone with the last two digits of 78. For no logical reasons, the test subjects leaned
toward the most recent number they had access to when valuing the items. Even with full information about the objects, some people had no logical point of reference for the value of the
objects. Instead, they used their own irrelevant experiences as references.
63. According to the passage, the opportunity cost in consumption field refers to ______.
A. the cost to pay for various opportunities
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B. what a person is willing to give up if he buys a specific item
C. the opportunities to invest in costly items
D. the comparison of prices of the same item from different sources
64. In the test, when buying cars, most people won’t think of the alternative 300 meals because ______.
A. they won’t have trouble in paying for meals
B. 300 meals are not equal to the car in value
C. they can’t compare money values across categories
D. they personally prefer the car to food
65. Purchase through credit cards makes it harder for people to recognize money value because ______.
A. items paid by credit cards are cheaper than paid by cash
B. it’s easier for people to save money through credit cards
C. people have to pay an interest when buying through credit cards.
D. delay in payment may confuse people’s judgement of money value.
66. Why were many of Dan Ariely’s test participants willing to pay the same amount as the last two digits of their social security numbers?
A. Because they were not good at predicting values and counting numbers.
B. Because they made predictions with most convenient hints available.
C. Because they believed that their SSN digits were very valuable.
D. Because they tended to consult others and copy peers’ choices.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. A network of hormones and neural（神经的） pathways in the brain activate our feeling of hunger.
B. People’s follow-up gesture then greatly affects the time they spend in consuming the food.
C. This medical operation dramatically shrinks the stomach.
D. Therefore, we have to reengineer the food environment.
E. This approach has already had an influence on the choice of treatment.
F. The type of food processing method also takes a hand one way or another.

Eating for the sake of pleasure, rather than survival, is nothing new. Traditionally researchers focused on so-called metabolic (代谢的) hunger, which is driven by physiological necessity and is most commonly identified with an empty stomach. When we start dipping into our stores of energy
or when we drop below our typical body weight, the system rings the bell. ___67___ After we eat
enough food or put on weight, the same hormonal system and brain circuit(回路) then tend to
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depress our appetite.
Now, “Shifting the focus to pleasure” is a new approach to understanding hunger and weight gain. The brain begins responding to fatty and sugary foods even before they enter our mouth.
Merely seeing or hearing a desirable item excites the reward circuit. Many overeating people go
beyond their energy needs, due to consuming these food items they hear or see. ___68___ Determining whether an individual's weight problem arises from emotional longings or a physical failure in the body's ability to burn up calories is important for doctors to choose the most
appropriate medications or behavioral interventions(干预) for treatment.
A kind of surgery that some overweight people have already undergone to manage their weight might have provided some of the biological insights into why many of us eat far beyond our
physiological needs. ___69___ Through removing tissue, doctors make it impossible for the
stomach to accommodate more than a couple of ounces of food at a time. The brain's reward circuit then responds much more weakly to the images and spoken names of tempting foods
Psychologically, removing influence factor can be an option. The traditional idea is that we
can teach overweight people to improve their self-control. However, scientists now realize that
the foods themselves are more the problem. For many people, certain foods cause such a strong
response in the brain's reward circuit that our willpower will rarely, if ever, be sufficient to resist those foods once they are around. ___70___ That means never bringing fatty, super sweet foods into our house and avoiding going to places that offer them whenever possible.
IV. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How does your mind process bad news?
When you experience stressful events, a physiological change happens that can cause you to
take in any sort of warning and become fixed on how it develops. A study using brain imaging to look at the neural activity of people under stress revealed that this ‘switch’ was related to a sudden increase in a neural signal known as a prediction error, specifically in response to unexpected signs of danger.
When our ancestors found themselves in a cave filled with hungry animals, they benefited from
such an ability to take in the warning and guard against dangers so as to avoid fierce animals. In this
way, they survived. In a safe environment today, however, it would be wasteful to be on high alert
constantly. A system that automatically increases or decreases your ability to process warnings in response to changes in your environment might be useful in handling negative messages of different levels. In fact, people with certain diseases seem unable to switch away from a state in which they
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absorb all the negative messages around them.
If your co-worker is stressed, you are more likely to tense up and feel stressed yourself. Our brains are designed to transmit emotions quickly to one another, because they often pass on important information. When infants are held by their mothers who have just experienced a socially stressful event, the infants’ heart rates go up too. Studies show that if you observe negative posts, such as complaints about a long queue at the coffee shop, you will in turn create more negative posts.
The good news, however, is that positive emotions, such as hope and love, can spread too, and
they are powerful in lifting people’s mood. If you observe positive feeds on social media, such as
images of a pink sunset, you are more likely to post uplifting messages yourself. Therefore, why
not frame our messages wisely in the hope of avoiding negative reactions?
第 II卷 （共40分）
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 海豚疗法真的有助于缓解紧张情绪吗？(help)
73. 用户没想到那张智能书桌能用手机调整高度。（occur）
74. 注意力持续时间变短以及加快的生活节奏或许有助于解释为什么观众倾向跳过片头曲。（explain）
75. 考上心仪的大学需要花大力气，这可能会让一些学生望而生畏，然而，对成功的渴望将最终使他们拥有足够的动力。(which)
VI. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
当今社会，短视频已成为高中生获取信息的渠道之一，日前，某网站对某地高中生使用
短视频的现状作了调查，结果如下:
获取短视频内容的类型
受访者平均使用时间占比（该内
容浏览时间/总浏览时间）
辅助学习类
48%
娱乐休闲类
31%
生活技能类
12%
其他
9%
请简单描述该图表，并结合自身或他人情况，谈谈你的看法。
（文中不得出现考生姓名，学校等真实信息）
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