2022江苏省海安市高三上学期期初学业质量监测英语试题含答案

这是一份2022江苏省海安市高三上学期期初学业质量监测英语试题含答案
海安市2022届高三期初学业质量监测试卷英语第一部分：听力（略）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere is a bit of confusion when it comes to whether eating while driving is allowed in Australia as it is kind of a legal gray area in most states. While there are no specific road rules that ban eating behind the wheel, drivers might as well not eat on the road to avoid being heavily fined.NEW SOUTH WALESIf the police catch you eating while driving in New South Wales, they can book you for driving without proper control of the vehicle. This comes with a $448 fine and three demerit points and that rises to a $561 fine and four demerit points if the offence is committed in a school zone.AUSTRALINA CAPITAL TERRITORYNot pulling over to eat can also land you in hot water in the ACT. Much like NSW, drivers can be charged with driving without proper control of their car, which comes with a $292 fine. Drivers can also be given a $385 fine and three demerit points if their distraction results in a crash.VICTORIAIn Victoria, you could be forced to pay a $387 fine along with racking up three demerit points if the police catch you having a meal on the road.SOUTH AUSTRALIAWhile the law in South Australia doesn’t specifically state that eating while driving is illegal, the SA Driver’s Handbook does name eating as a common distraction. Driving without having proper control of the vehicle could cost you $184 and six demerit points in South Australia.NORTHERN TERRITORYIf the police catch a driver eating on the road in the Northern Territory, they may charge him with “driving in a dangerous manner”. This means the driver could get a $500 fine and three demerit points.1. What does the underlined sentence suggest?A. It is not an easy job to ban eating while driving in the state.B. Eating behind the wheel can cause the driver lots of trouble.C. It is important to educate drivers to be aware of driving safety.D. It is common that many drivers in the state eat while driving.2. How much will a driver caught eating while driving in a school zone in NSW be fined?A. $385. B. $387. C. $448. D. $561.3. Where will a driver be fined most if caught eating behind the wheel?A. In the Northern Territory. B. In Victoria.C. In South Australia D. In the Australian Capital Territory.BBenjamin Franklin said that you want something done, ask a busy person. “That’s how Manny Abreu practices. Throughout his four years at Kellenberg Memorial High School in the US, Abreu made community service an important part of his life.“I don’t know where he finds the time to do everything,” said Erin Ronan, Abreu’s math teacher. “He’s truly a class act.” As an honors student, Abreu, 18,100 part in different voluntary activities after school, during weekends and summer holidays. These included helping staff at the public library, doing landscape work at Kellenberg and serving customers at a local restaurant.But faced with a limited number of hours in a day, Abreu left his library job last summer to start working as an emergency medical technician-a role that fits his passion for making a difference in other people’s lives. “My appreciation for service has guided me into giving back,” said Abreu, who is setting his sights on becoming a doctor. “It’s such a rewarding feeling to help someone.”During his years at high school, Abreu devoted between 40 and 50 hours of his time each year to volunteer work—more than double the school’s annual requirement of 20 hours. For all his hard work, Abreu was welcomed into a leadership club that organizes fellow students’ volunteer activities. St Martin de Porres Marianist School (Kellenberg’s sister school) also benefited from Abreu’s devotion. Through his school’s Smart Club program, he voluntarily provided homework help and played games with the junior high school students.Abreu thanked his parents for inspiring him to do the right thing, saying they are “the most selfless people I know”. He remembered when he was about 6 years old, and his mother invited a disadvantaged neighborhood boy to have dinner. Upon observing the boy’s happiness Abreu came away with a sense of how he wanted to live his own life—“I won’t focus on my own desires. I’ll help as many people as I can,” he said.4. What can we learn about Manny Abreu?A. He always volunteered to help others.B. He followed Benjamin Franklin’s example.C. He did a poor academic performance in math.D. He fell behind others because of after-school activities.5. For what reason did Abreu want to work as a medical technician?A. Because he had no time to try other different jobs.B. Because he lacked interest of doing any other job.C. Because he wished to improve the lives of others.D. Because he obtained the satisfaction of being praised.6. What did Abreu get from his hard work?A. He was outstanding as a leader at his school.B. It gave him a sense of self-worth to help others.C. He got a chance to attend medical school for free.D. His family became popular among their neighbors.7. What can we infer from the passage?A. There is a must for everyone to do voluntary jobs.B. The sense of achievement is Abreu’s major desire.C. Abreu’s parents had a positive effect on his growth.D. Abreu’s behavior impacted the poor neighborhood boy.CMore reasons to hate humidity: it expands global warming, a prof says.Andrew Dessler, a professor in the Department of Atmospheric Sciences who specializes in research on climate, says that warming due to increases in greenhouse gases will lead to higher humidity in the atmosphere. And because water vapor itself is a greenhouse gas, this will cause additional warming. This process is known as water vapor feedback and is responsible for a significant portion of the warming predicted to occur over the next century.“It’s a vicious cycle-warmer temperatures mean higher humidity, which in turn leads to even more warming,” Dessler explains.The perspective by Dessler and co-author Steven Sherwood of the Climate Change Research Centre at the University of New South Wales is published in the current issue of Science magazine. In the article, they review and summarize the peer-reviewed evidence in support of a strong water vapor feedback and conclude that the evidence supporting it is overwhelming. “For years, there was a debate over this mechanism, with some even questioning if the water vapor feedback existed at all. But recent work on this feedback has moved its existence and strength beyond argument,” Dessler adds.Predictions of significant global warming over the next 100 years by climate models require a strong water vapor feedback. Recent estimates suggest the earth will warm from 2 to 4 degrees Celsius (4 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit) over the next century—a scenario that could have devastating long-term consequences.“Everything shows that the climate models are probably getting the water vapor feedback night, which means that unless we reduce emissions, it is going to get much, much warmer on our planet by the end of the century,” he adds.Many scientists believe such warming rates are already happening. They can point to the summer of 2003, when a prolonged heat wave gripped Europe. According to the Earth Policy Institute, more than 35,000 people died that summer, with France recording over 14,000 deaths and Germany more than 7,000. Additionally, warmer temperatures are having an adverse effect in the Arctic, where rapid loss of ice is now occurring. “The only possible way future warming won’t be significant is if there exists some sort of off-setting negative feedback, which has yet to be discovered,” Dessler notes. “Most scientists, myself included, judge that to be a pretty unlikely possibility.”8. What does water vapor feedback in the passage mean?A. Water vapor will lend to a significant portion of the warming.B. The increases of greenhouse gases will lead to higher humidity.C. Increasing humidity from global warming is making the earth warmer.D. Higher humidity has caused the earth to warm from 2 to 4 degrees Celsius.9. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?A. Scientists had a heated argument over the water vapor feedback.B. The existence and strength of water vapor feedback is without question.C Andrew Dessler wrote an article to support his idea of water vapor feedback.D. There was no significant evidence for the existence of water vapor feedback.10. What do predictions of significant global warming tell us?A. Scientists could find the offsetting negative feedback in the future.B. There exists some sort offsetting negative water vapor feedback.C. The warming of the earth will have destructive short-term consequences.D. We may decrease the speed of global warming by reducing the emissions.11. What’s the attitude of Andrew Dessler towards the way of solving future warming?A. Positive. B. Supportive. C. Neutral. D. Pessimistic.DThe scientists placed underwater speakers in areas where coral had been dying in Australia’s northern Great Barrier Reef. They played certain sounds over a period of about 6 weeks and studied the results. The team reported that twice as many fish arrived in areas where the sounds of healthy coral were played. Among the arriving fish were species that feed on all major food sources. The researchers noted the importance of having many different kinds of fish return to the area. Different species of fish perform many activities that support the ocean environment and sea life. “Damaged reefs have a higher chance of recovery if they have healthy fish population,” the scientists wrote in the report.Steve Simpson said that “healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places.” They contain the sounds of many kinds of shrimp, fish and other sea creatures. Young fish listen for these sounds when they are looking for a place to settle. He added that reefs “become ghostly quiet” when they suffer destruction that is usually related to human-caused pollution. Coral damage can cause unappealing smells and sounds that drive shrimp and fish away.Mark Meekan is a fish biologist. He said that the return of these fish is the first step to seeing major improvements in reef health. “Recovery is underpinned by fish that clean the reef and create space for corals to regrow,” he said. Tim Gordon says he believes sound can be used to bring back dead coral in areas suffering major destruction in oceans across the world.University of Bristol professor Andy Radford said the underwater sounds are a promising way to fight coral reef damage at the local community level. But he noted that other threats need to be reduced as well. These include climate change, pollution and overfishing. From local management innovations to international political action, we need meaningful progress at all levels to paint a better future for reefs worldwide.12. Why did researchers attract fish by playing sounds underwater?A. To study the population of fish. B. To catch fish as major food sources.C. To recover damaged reefs naturally. D. To record the sounds of healthy corals.13. How did Steve explain the coral reefs?A. By presenting the research results. B. By making comparisons.C. By listing some specific data. D. By giving some examples.14. What does the underlined word “underpinned” in Para.4 mean?A. Destroyed. B. Affected. C. Supported. D. Attacked.15. What does Professor Andy stress?A. Reef needs protection at all levels.B. Climate change is more serious than reef damage.C. Overfishing threatens world coral reef.D. Pollution needs international political action.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Steps to write a good essayIf you ask many people,they will probably say that writing a research paper is challenging.Indeed,it requires careful research, ___16___Choose your topic and do the researchChoose a topic that you are interested in or a topic you are curious about. ___17___For helpful and reliable information,the library is the best resource.Use books,published articles,journals,newspapers and magazines to research your chosen topic.___18___After in-depth research,you can go on to write an outline.With all the notes and all the information you've gathered,determine where each topic fits.Simply note which parts will be the beginning,middle and end.The outline is where your research paper starts to take shape.Write a first draftAfter the outline,begin the first draft. ___19___So people can read it and actually understand it.You can do more research if you feel like you're lacking information.This is only the first draft,so you can still make changes as you go on.Proofread and write your final paperOnce you reread your first draft over and over and make the necessary changes you feel you should make,it is time to write your final draft. ___20___And be sure that your writing makes sense and has a steady and natural flow all throughout.Check the spelling and grammatical mistakes,and that every source you used is listed in the paper's bibliography.Read the final version as many times as you want and even ask a friend or professor to read it too.A. Make an outlineB. Write down the proper notesC. if you want to write a good research paper.D. Make sure that all the important information is included.E. It will encourage you to do the necessary research on it.F. This is the part where you put more detail and life into the paper.G. but a research paper really just needs a few basic tips for it to be less challenging.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A tiny bit of kindness can make a huge difference.A few weeks ago, Ehab Taha was on a subway in Vancouver when a large man ____21____. He seemed angry, and his movements were far from normal. Taha noted all the passengers on the train seemed ____22____ and were moving away from him.“The large man was being ____23____ on the train. He was cursing and ____24____, obviously suffering from drug abuse and/or mental health issues,” Taha described on Facebook “While everyone was scared, a 70-year-old woman, instead of ____25____, reached out to the man.”The sweet ____26____ comforted the man. Eventually he sank to the floor of the train, ____27____, and tears flooded his eyes. Taha captured an image of the woman and the other passenger ____28____ hands and posted it on Facebook.“It was quite incredible bow soon he ____29____,” Taha wrote on Facebook “I’ll was be most touching thing I’ve ever seen. I spoke to the woman after his incident and she simply said, ‘I’m a mother and it was what he _____30_____ at that moment.’ And she started to cry.”“She was very _____31_____, Taha said “She even mentioned that she thought about what would happen if he _____32_____ her with the pen—because he had one in his hand—but she said it was more important that he didn’t feel _____33_____.” When the man arrived at his stop, he got up and said “Thanks, Grandma” before getting off.“I saw the most incredible display of humanity to the train,” Taha said. “It’s incredible to see that sometimes human _____34_____ can do so much more than anything else. Don’t fear or judge the _____35_____ on the subway: Life does not provide equal welfare for all is residents.”21. A. participated B. responded C. boarded D. escaped22. A. moved B. scared C. embarrassed D. aroused23. A. aggressive B. competitive C. enthusiastic D. greedy24. A. shouting B. ensuring C. weeping D. arguing25. A. giving in B. setting down C. turning away D. taking over26. A. gesture B. coincidence C. harmony D. voice27. A. innocent B. delighted C. concerned D. relaxed28. A. fetching B. holding C. allocating D. raising29. A. came back B. broke out C. got through D. calmed down30. A. opposed B. forgot C. needed D. ignored31. A. humorous B. brave C. independent D. energetic32. A. advocated B. addressed C. rewarded D. attacked33. A. alone B. guilty C. unbearable D. absurd34. A. sight B. smell C. touch D. taste35. A. residents B. specialists C. beggars D. strangers第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Air pollution is no doubt a major concern in many big cities across the world. More than 80% of people living in urban areas ____36____ (expose) to unsafe air, according to a report ____37____ (deliver) by the World Health Organization.“Urban air pollution continues to rise at ____38____ alarming rate, doing great ham to human health,” said Dr. Maria Neira, the director of Public Health and Environmental Policy at the WHO. “At the same time, ____39____ (aware) is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality.”In the past two years, the number of cities monitoring air pollution ____40____ (double)-now covering about 3,000 cities in 103 countries. The WHO warned of the serious effects poor air quality could have ____41____ the health of urban residents, ____42____ (link) it to the risk of strokes, heart disease, lung cancer and many other diseases.The report also showed that low-and middle income countries ____43____ (general) have poorer air quality. About 98% of cities with 100,000 or more people in low-and middle-income countries do not meet WHO air quality guidelines, ____44____ 56% in high-income countries fail to meet the standard. The report also urged local governments to take stronger and _____45_____ (effect) measures to fight against air pollution.第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，收到美国笔友Mark的一封电子邮件，他知道孔子学院（Confucius Institute）是根据孔子命名的，很想对孔子有进一步的了解。请你写一封邮件回复，内容包括：1. 孔子的主要思想；2. 对中国文化的影响。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Mark,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua第二节 读后续写（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home from school. His name was Kyle. It looked like he was carrying all of his books. I thought to myself: Why would anyone bring home all his books on Friday? He must really be nerd.As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him. They ran at him, knocking all his books out of his arms and tipping him so be landed in the dir. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes. So, I jogged over to him and as he crawled around looking for his glasses, I saw a tear in his eye. As I handed him his glasses, he said, “thanks!” There was a big smile on his face. It was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude. We talked all the way home, and I carried his books. He turned out to be a pretty cool kid. The more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him.Over next four years, Kyle and I became the best friends. When we were seniors, be had the highest marks in the class and was chose to give a speech at the graduation ceremony. I teased him all the time about being a nerd. He had to prepare a lot, and I was so glad it wasn’t me having to get up there and speak.Graduation day, I saw Kyle and said. “Hey big guy, you’ll be great!” He looked at me with one of those looks, the really grateful one, and said “Thanks,” smiling.As be started his speech, he cleared his throat and began. “Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years. Your parents, your teachers, your siblings, maybe a coach but mostly your friends. I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone is the best gift you can give him or her. I am going to tell you a story.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:I smiled back in tears.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________海安市2022届高三期初学业质量监测试卷英语 答案版第一部分：听力（略）第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题25分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere is a bit of confusion when it comes to whether eating while driving is allowed in Australia as it is kind of a legal gray area in most states. While there are no specific road rules that ban eating behind the wheel, drivers might as well not eat on the road to avoid being heavily fined.NEW SOUTH WALESIf the police catch you eating while driving in New South Wales, they can book you for driving without proper control of the vehicle. This comes with a $448 fine and three demerit points and that rises to a $561 fine and four demerit points if the offence is committed in a school zone.AUSTRALINA CAPITAL TERRITORYNot pulling over to eat can also land you in hot water in the ACT. Much like NSW, drivers can be charged with driving without proper control of their car, which comes with a $292 fine. Drivers can also be given a $385 fine and three demerit points if their distraction results in a crash.VICTORIAIn Victoria, you could be forced to pay a $387 fine along with racking up three demerit points if the police catch you having a meal on the road.SOUTH AUSTRALIAWhile the law in South Australia doesn’t specifically state that eating while driving is illegal, the SA Driver’s Handbook does name eating as a common distraction. Driving without having proper control of the vehicle could cost you $184 and six demerit points in South Australia.NORTHERN TERRITORYIf the police catch a driver eating on the road in the Northern Territory, they may charge him with “driving in a dangerous manner”. This means the driver could get a $500 fine and three demerit points.1. What does the underlined sentence suggest?A. It is not an easy job to ban eating while driving in the state.B. Eating behind the wheel can cause the driver lots of trouble.C. It is important to educate drivers to be aware of driving safety.D. It is common that many drivers in the state eat while driving.2. How much will a driver caught eating while driving in a school zone in NSW be fined?A. $385. B. $387. C. $448. D. $561.3. Where will a driver be fined most if caught eating behind the wheel?A. In the Northern Territory. B. In Victoria.C. In South Australia D. In the Australian Capital Territory.答案：1. B 2. D 3. ABBenjamin Franklin said that you want something done, ask a busy person. “That’s how Manny Abreu practices. Throughout his four years at Kellenberg Memorial High School in the US, Abreu made community service an important part of his life.“I don’t know where he finds the time to do everything,” said Erin Ronan, Abreu’s math teacher. “He’s truly a class act.” As an honors student, Abreu, 18,100 part in different voluntary activities after school, during weekends and summer holidays. These included helping staff at the public library, doing landscape work at Kellenberg and serving customers at a local restaurant.But faced with a limited number of hours in a day, Abreu left his library job last summer to start working as an emergency medical technician-a role that fits his passion for making a difference in other people’s lives. “My appreciation for service has guided me into giving back,” said Abreu, who is setting his sights on becoming a doctor. “It’s such a rewarding feeling to help someone.”During his years at high school, Abreu devoted between 40 and 50 hours of his time each year to volunteer work—more than double the school’s annual requirement of 20 hours. For all his hard work, Abreu was welcomed into a leadership club that organizes fellow students’ volunteer activities. St Martin de Porres Marianist School (Kellenberg’s sister school) also benefited from Abreu’s devotion. Through his school’s Smart Club program, he voluntarily provided homework help and played games with the junior high school students.Abreu thanked his parents for inspiring him to do the right thing, saying they are “the most selfless people I know”. He remembered when he was about 6 years old, and his mother invited a disadvantaged neighborhood boy to have dinner. Upon observing the boy’s happiness Abreu came away with a sense of how he wanted to live his own life—“I won’t focus on my own desires. I’ll help as many people as I can,” he said.4. What can we learn about Manny Abreu?A. He always volunteered to help others.B. He followed Benjamin Franklin’s example.C. He did a poor academic performance in math.D. He fell behind others because of after-school activities.5. For what reason did Abreu want to work as a medical technician?A. Because he had no time to try other different jobs.B. Because he lacked interest of doing any other job.C. Because he wished to improve the lives of others.D. Because he obtained the satisfaction of being praised.6. What did Abreu get from his hard work?A. He was outstanding as a leader at his school.B. It gave him a sense of self-worth to help others.C. He got a chance to attend medical school for free.D. His family became popular among their neighbors.7. What can we infer from the passage?A. There is a must for everyone to do voluntary jobs.B. The sense of achievement is Abreu’s major desire.C. Abreu’s parents had a positive effect on his growth.D. Abreu’s behavior impacted the poor neighborhood boy.答案：4. A 5. C 6. B 7. CCMore reasons to hate humidity: it expands global warming, a prof says.Andrew Dessler, a professor in the Department of Atmospheric Sciences who specializes in research on climate, says that warming due to increases in greenhouse gases will lead to higher humidity in the atmosphere. And because water vapor itself is a greenhouse gas, this will cause additional warming. This process is known as water vapor feedback and is responsible for a significant portion of the warming predicted to occur over the next century.“It’s a vicious cycle-warmer temperatures mean higher humidity, which in turn leads to even more warming,” Dessler explains.The perspective by Dessler and co-author Steven Sherwood of the Climate Change Research Centre at the University of New South Wales is published in the current issue of Science magazine. In the article, they review and summarize the peer-reviewed evidence in support of a strong water vapor feedback and conclude that the evidence supporting it is overwhelming. “For years, there was a debate over this mechanism, with some even questioning if the water vapor feedback existed at all. But recent work on this feedback has moved its existence and strength beyond argument,” Dessler adds.Predictions of significant global warming over the next 100 years by climate models require a strong water vapor feedback. Recent estimates suggest the earth will warm from 2 to 4 degrees Celsius (4 to 8 degrees Fahrenheit) over the next century—a scenario that could have devastating long-term consequences.“Everything shows that the climate models are probably getting the water vapor feedback night, which means that unless we reduce emissions, it is going to get much, much warmer on our planet by the end of the century,” he adds.Many scientists believe such warming rates are already happening. They can point to the summer of 2003, when a prolonged heat wave gripped Europe. According to the Earth Policy Institute, more than 35,000 people died that summer, with France recording over 14,000 deaths and Germany more than 7,000. Additionally, warmer temperatures are having an adverse effect in the Arctic, where rapid loss of ice is now occurring. “The only possible way future warming won’t be significant is if there exists some sort of off-setting negative feedback, which has yet to be discovered,” Dessler notes. “Most scientists, myself included, judge that to be a pretty unlikely possibility.”8. What does water vapor feedback in the passage mean?A. Water vapor will lend to a significant portion of the warming.B. The increases of greenhouse gases will lead to higher humidity.C. Increasing humidity from global warming is making the earth warmer.D. Higher humidity has caused the earth to warm from 2 to 4 degrees Celsius.9. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?A. Scientists had a heated argument over the water vapor feedback.B. The existence and strength of water vapor feedback is without question.C Andrew Dessler wrote an article to support his idea of water vapor feedback.D. There was no significant evidence for the existence of water vapor feedback.10. What do predictions of significant global warming tell us?A. Scientists could find the offsetting negative feedback in the future.B. There exists some sort offsetting negative water vapor feedback.C. The warming of the earth will have destructive short-term consequences.D. We may decrease the speed of global warming by reducing the emissions.11. What’s the attitude of Andrew Dessler towards the way of solving future warming?A. Positive. B. Supportive. C. Neutral. D. Pessimistic.答案：8. C 9. B 10. D 11. DDThe scientists placed underwater speakers in areas where coral had been dying in Australia’s northern Great Barrier Reef. They played certain sounds over a period of about 6 weeks and studied the results. The team reported that twice as many fish arrived in areas where the sounds of healthy coral were played. Among the arriving fish were species that feed on all major food sources. The researchers noted the importance of having many different kinds of fish return to the area. Different species of fish perform many activities that support the ocean environment and sea life. “Damaged reefs have a higher chance of recovery if they have healthy fish population,” the scientists wrote in the report.Steve Simpson said that “healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places.” They contain the sounds of many kinds of shrimp, fish and other sea creatures. Young fish listen for these sounds when they are looking for a place to settle. He added that reefs “become ghostly quiet” when they suffer destruction that is usually related to human-caused pollution. Coral damage can cause unappealing smells and sounds that drive shrimp and fish away.Mark Meekan is a fish biologist. He said that the return of these fish is the first step to seeing major improvements in reef health. “Recovery is underpinned by fish that clean the reef and create space for corals to regrow,” he said. Tim Gordon says he believes sound can be used to bring back dead coral in areas suffering major destruction in oceans across the world.University of Bristol professor Andy Radford said the underwater sounds are a promising way to fight coral reef damage at the local community level. But he noted that other threats need to be reduced as well. These include climate change, pollution and overfishing. From local management innovations to international political action, we need meaningful progress at all levels to paint a better future for reefs worldwide.12. Why did researchers attract fish by playing sounds underwater?A. To study the population of fish. B. To catch fish as major food sources.C. To recover damaged reefs naturally. D. To record the sounds of healthy corals.13. How did Steve explain the coral reefs?A. By presenting the research results. B. By making comparisons.C. By listing some specific data. D. By giving some examples.14. What does the underlined word “underpinned” in Para.4 mean?A. Destroyed. B. Affected. C. Supported. D. Attacked.15. What does Professor Andy stress?A. Reef needs protection at all levels.B. Climate change is more serious than reef damage.C. Overfishing threatens world coral reef.D. Pollution needs international political action.答案：12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Steps to write a good essayIf you ask many people,they will probably say that writing a research paper is challenging.Indeed,it requires careful research, ___16___Choose your topic and do the researchChoose a topic that you are interested in or a topic you are curious about. ___17___For helpful and reliable information,the library is the best resource.Use books,published articles,journals,newspapers and magazines to research your chosen topic.___18___After in-depth research,you can go on to write an outline.With all the notes and all the information you've gathered,determine where each topic fits.Simply note which parts will be the beginning,middle and end.The outline is where your research paper starts to take shape.Write a first draftAfter the outline,begin the first draft. ___19___So people can read it and actually understand it.You can do more research if you feel like you're lacking information.This is only the first draft,so you can still make changes as you go on.Proofread and write your final paperOnce you reread your first draft over and over and make the necessary changes you feel you should make,it is time to write your final draft. ___20___And be sure that your writing makes sense and has a steady and natural flow all throughout.Check the spelling and grammatical mistakes,and that every source you used is listed in the paper's bibliography.Read the final version as many times as you want and even ask a friend or professor to read it too.A. Make an outlineB. Write down the proper notesC. if you want to write a good research paper.D. Make sure that all the important information is included.E. It will encourage you to do the necessary research on it.F. This is the part where you put more detail and life into the paper.G. but a research paper really just needs a few basic tips for it to be less challenging.答案：16. G 17. E 18. A 19. F 20. D第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A tiny bit of kindness can make a huge difference.A few weeks ago, Ehab Taha was on a subway in Vancouver when a large man ____21____. He seemed angry, and his movements were far from normal. Taha noted all the passengers on the train seemed ____22____ and were moving away from him.“The large man was being ____23____ on the train. He was cursing and ____24____, obviously suffering from drug abuse and/or mental health issues,” Taha described on Facebook “While everyone was scared, a 70-year-old woman, instead of ____25____, reached out to the man.”The sweet ____26____ comforted the man. Eventually he sank to the floor of the train, ____27____, and tears flooded his eyes. Taha captured an image of the woman and the other passenger ____28____ hands and posted it on Facebook.“It was quite incredible bow soon he ____29____,” Taha wrote on Facebook “I’ll was be most touching thing I’ve ever seen. I spoke to the woman after his incident and she simply said, ‘I’m a mother and it was what he _____30_____ at that moment.’ And she started to cry.”“She was very _____31_____, Taha said “She even mentioned that she thought about what would happen if he _____32_____ her with the pen—because he had one in his hand—but she said it was more important that he didn’t feel _____33_____.” When the man arrived at his stop, he got up and said “Thanks, Grandma” before getting off.“I saw the most incredible display of humanity to the train,” Taha said. “It’s incredible to see that sometimes human _____34_____ can do so much more than anything else. Don’t fear or judge the _____35_____ on the subway: Life does not provide equal welfare for all is residents.”21. A. participated B. responded C. boarded D. escaped22. A. moved B. scared C. embarrassed D. aroused23. A. aggressive B. competitive C. enthusiastic D. greedy24. A. shouting B. ensuring C. weeping D. arguing25. A. giving in B. setting down C. turning away D. taking over26. A. gesture B. coincidence C. harmony D. voice27. A. innocent B. delighted C. concerned D. relaxed28. A. fetching B. holding C. allocating D. raising29. A. came back B. broke out C. got through D. calmed down30. A. opposed B. forgot C. needed D. ignored31. A. humorous B. brave C. independent D. energetic32. A. advocated B. addressed C. rewarded D. attacked33. A. alone B. guilty C. unbearable D. absurd34. A. sight B. smell C. touch D. taste35. A. residents B. specialists C. beggars D. strangers答案：21. C 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Air pollution is no doubt a major concern in many big cities across the world. More than 80% of people living in urban areas ____36____ (expose) to unsafe air, according to a report ____37____ (deliver) by the World Health Organization.“Urban air pollution continues to rise at ____38____ alarming rate, doing great ham to human health,” said Dr. Maria Neira, the director of Public Health and Environmental Policy at the WHO. “At the same time, ____39____ (aware) is rising and more cities are monitoring their air quality.”In the past two years, the number of cities monitoring air pollution ____40____ (double)-now covering about 3,000 cities in 103 countries. The WHO warned of the serious effects poor air quality could have ____41____ the health of urban residents, ____42____ (link) it to the risk of strokes, heart disease, lung cancer and many other diseases.The report also showed that low-and middle income countries ____43____ (general) have poorer air quality. About 98% of cities with 100,000 or more people in low-and middle-income countries do not meet WHO air quality guidelines, ____44____ 56% in high-income countries fail to meet the standard. The report also urged local governments to take stronger and _____45_____ (effect) measures to fight against air pollution.答案：36. are exposed 37. delivered 38. an 39. awareness 40. has doubled 41. on 42. linking 43. generally 44. while 45. effective第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 应用文（满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，收到美国笔友Mark的一封电子邮件，他知道孔子学院（Confucius Institute）是根据孔子命名的，很想对孔子有进一步的了解。请你写一封邮件回复，内容包括：1. 孔子的主要思想；2. 对中国文化的影响。注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Mark,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua答案：Dear Mark,I hope you are doing well. Here is something about Confucius, the philosopher after whom the Confucius Institutes are named. Born in a war-torn period, Confucius devoted himself to finding access to a harmonious society. He stressed personal and governmental morality, justice, kindness, and sincerity. Confucius is also credited with having edited many Chinese classic works. His ideas about strong family loyalty, ancestor worship, and respect of elders by their children have always been the core of Chinese culture. He has been honored as one of the most important figures in Chinese cultural history. Best wishes!Yours,Li Hua第二节 读后续写（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home from school. His name was Kyle. It looked like he was carrying all of his books. I thought to myself: Why would anyone bring home all his books on Friday? He must really be nerd.As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him. They ran at him, knocking all his books out of his arms and tipping him so be landed in the dir. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes. So, I jogged over to him and as he crawled around looking for his glasses, I saw a tear in his eye. As I handed him his glasses, he said, “thanks!” There was a big smile on his face. It was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude. We talked all the way home, and I carried his books. He turned out to be a pretty cool kid. The more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him.Over next four years, Kyle and I became the best friends. When we were seniors, be had the highest marks in the class and was chose to give a speech at the graduation ceremony. I teased him all the time about being a nerd. He had to prepare a lot, and I was so glad it wasn’t me having to get up there and speak.Graduation day, I saw Kyle and said. “Hey big guy, you’ll be great!” He looked at me with one of those looks, the really grateful one, and said “Thanks,” smiling.As be started his speech, he cleared his throat and began. “Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years. Your parents, your teachers, your siblings, maybe a coach but mostly your friends. I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone is the best gift you can give him or her. I am going to tell you a story.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右2. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:I smiled back in tears.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Paragraph 1:I just looked at my friend with disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met. Kyle had planned to kill himself over the weekend. He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his Mom wouldn’t have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home. Meanwhile, I found he looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable.” I heard the gasp go through the crowd as this handsome, and popular boy told us all about his weakest moment. When his eyes caught mine, I was able to see tears shimmered in his smiling eyes.Paragraph 2:I smiled back in tears. Not until that moment did I realize what big difference one small gesture had made to him. I even saw his Mom and Dad looking at me and smiling that same grateful smile. It dawned on me that never should we underestimate the power of our actions. With one small gesture we can change a person’s life. For better or for worse.