2022天一大联考“皖豫名校联盟体”高三上学期第一次考试英语含答案

英语

考生注意：

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?

A.￡19.15.      B.￡9.18.      C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1. What does the man think of the movie?

A. It’s funny.      B. It’s boring.      C. It’s exciting.

2. What are the speakers talking about?

A. An exam.      B. A trip.      C. An interview.

3. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In an office.      B. In a store.      C. In a hotel.

4. How does the man feel at the moment?

A. Worried.      B. Confident.       C. Disappointed.

5. What is Tom like according to the man?

A. He is pretty thin with a moustache.   B. He is a tall man with glasses.   C. He is a short man.

第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. How will the woman go to New York?

A. By car.      B. By plane.      C. By train.

7. What do the woman and Laura have in common?

A. They both enjoy traveling.  B. They’re both teenagers.   C. They’re both interested in music.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. When will the speakers meet Howard?

A. Before 1:00 pm.      B. At 1:00 pm.      C. After 1:00 pm.

9. What can we know about Howard?

A. He is a humorous man.     B. He is the hotel manager.     C. He is leaving the town soon.

10. What are the speakers probably going to do?

A. Have lunch with Howard.      B. Call their friend.      C. Walk around the town.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. Where does the conversation take place?

A. In Mrs. Green’s house.      B. Outside Mrs. Green’s house.      C. On a ladder.

12. Why does Mrs. Green want John to climb through the window?

A. She can’t open the door.

B. The window is fastened inside.

C. They want to steal something.

13. Who is coming to the speakers?

A. Mr. Green.      B. A policeman.      C. A stranger.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What does the woman think of the conference in Long Beach last January?

A. Boring.      B. Average.      C. Wonderful.

15. What was the purpose of John Miller’s speech?

A. To give some advice.      B. To share some stories.      C. To teach some theories.

16. What do the two speakers plan to learn?

A. How to sell products.       B. How to manage people.       C. How to make a profit.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What color does an active person like?

A. Blue.      B. Green.      C. Yellow.

18. Why is it better to paint the wall white?

A. It looks very clean.      B. It makes us stay quiet.      C. It helps us become happy.

19. What does red usually reflect in the West?

A. Being angry.      B. Being happy.      C. Being active.

20. What's the passage mainly about?

A. The importance of different colors.

B. People's different interests in colors.

C. Colors and their different meanings.

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Wakeout

This year has been an odd one, and many people’s fitness has suffered due to long periods of sitting or lying. That’s why Wakeout has been named Apple’s iPhone App of the Year. Wakeout’s genius is that it’s a fitness app that doesn’t require you to roll out a yoga mat, or clear space. Instead, Wakeout will recommend exercises that can be done immediately, whether you’re sitting or lying down. You can schedule workouts for the whole day, or relax yourself before bedtime.

Discord

If you want to set up or are looking for a chat group for a group of like-minded people, then Discord is the way to go. It’s fully cross-platform, so you can go from your phone to the computer, and it has all the features you expect from a chat app. It even has voice chat. You can join groups easily through a link.

StubHub

With StubHub, you can buy and sell tickets straight from the app-whether it’s for a concert or sports event-up until the day it is happening. You can also pick and choose your favorite bands or sports teams, so StuhHuh can provide you with event recommendations that you’11 he interested in.

Seven-7 Minute Workout

Seven-7 Minute Workout aims to give you the most benefit possible in just 7 minutes through a series of quick exercises that target specific areas of your body. There are no facilities(设备)needed, just enough space to get going. It’s free to use, but joining the 7 Club for $10 a month(or $60 a year) will give you access to a wider range of exercises, personal workout plans, and support and guidance from a personal trainer.

21. What is the major benefit of Wakeout?

A. Its effect.      B. Its flexibility.      C. Its low price.      D. Its good service.

22. What do we know about Seven-7 Minute Workout?

A. It offers free personal trainers.              B. It provides event recommendations.

C. It allows you to exercise without equipment.   D. It enables you to exercise wherever you are.

23. What would be the best choice if we want to make some friends with similar interests?

A. Wakeout.       B. Discord.      C. StubHub.      D. Seven-7 Minute Workout.

B

One beautiful day, I showed up for work, where I had just been promoted. I was right in the middle of training a new girl, when my boss asked to talk to me for a second. After that conversation, you can effectively cross "had a good job" off my comfortable living checklist. No warning. In fact, just the month before I had received my fifth Employee of the Month award. I was speechless and so was everyone else. Seven of us were cut from my department that day. Later, 1would discover that there were thousands of cuts companywide. I worked at a bank. A failing one.

When something like this happens to you, it’s natural to ask why. I reviewed all my work accomplishments. I thought about how I had been a top performer every month since I was hired and about how they gave me the highest rating on my review. What had I done wrong? What could 1 have done better?

The truth is that sometimes we search for a logical explanation in a situation that can’t be understood. The only way to move past it is to have confidence in the job you did as an employee and understand that you, a victim of an unfortunate circumstance.

Speaking of writing, with all of the extra time on my hands, I reunited with the long lost love of my life: writing.

I decided to pursue writing as an actual job. I designed a website and applied for writing jobs. I started getting more and more clients. It occurred to me that with some hard work I might be able to make a living doing what I love. So there I was, three months after the sky fell, thinking about how incredibly blessed I was. And this would never have happened had I not lost something in the first place.

24. What happened to the author that day according to paragraph 1?

A. She was fired.           B. She was scolded.

C. She got a promotion.      D. She received an award.

25. What do we learn about the author?

A. Her performance was great.             B. Her colleagues weren’t friendly.

C. She was misunderstood by her boss.      D. She always failed to finish her tasks on time.

26. How did the author feel about her situation in the end?

A. Concerned.      B. Satisfied.      C. Surprised.      D. Disappointed.

27. What would be the best title for the text?

A. Interest Will Help Us to Find a Way           B. If You Can Dream It, You Can Do It

C. Nothing Is Impossible to a Willing Heart       D. When One Door Closes, Another Opens

C

When John Dougill first came to Japan 30 years ago, he noticed a strange phrase adorning(装饰)his neighborhood butcher’s shop in Kyoto. Instead of "meat shop", its sign read "flesh shop".

Dougill assumed the shop staff weren't aware of their English-language error. But when he told the owners about it, they nodded politely at him. And they didn’t change the sign.

"It didn’t matter if the sign said 'flesh' or 'fresh' or 'meat'," recalls Dougill, a professor at Ryukoku University, who has researched the use of English in Japan. "It was just there to catch people's attention. It wasn't being used to communicate, as people could see it was a meat shop from outside."

It was Dougill's first encounter with the Japanese phenomenon of "Engrish" or "Japanglish".

Engrish is what happens when English mistakes appear in Japanese advertising, on products like T-shirts and stationery, or on restaurant menus.

In the West, Engrish is often viewed more as an example of everyday racism(种族主义)intended to laugh at non-native English speakers. It’s also not wholly a Japanese phenomenon. There’s "Konglish" in Korea, "Singlish" in Singapore and "Chinglish" in China-all referring to the different ways in which locals have repurposed English.

In Japan, Engrish falls into two categories: Decorative English is used to create a mood and is purely targeted at Japanese people, while Communicative English is meant to provide instructions to foreigners but is often grammatically incorrect or misspelled.

According to the website engrish.com-which showcases examples of Engrish across the world-English in Japan is used as a design element in products and advertising to give them a modern look and feel(or just to "look cool"). It’s not used to communicate a specific message, but rather a mood. That’s particular to Japanese culture, where meanings are often not clear but inferred.

"There is often no attempt to try to get Engrish right, nor do the vast majority of the Japanese population ever attempt to read the English design element in question," the website states.

28. Why did the shop owners refuse to change the sign according to Dougill?

A. They thought Dougill was wrong.       B. They didn’t take it seriously.

C. It would bring economic losses.         D. It would cause inconvenience.

29. What do we learn about Engrish?

A. It’s the English spoken by Asian people.

B. It’s popular in Western countries.

C. It’s advertising English used by the Japanese.

D. It’s a way to make fun of others for native English speakers.

30. What is special about Decorative English in Japan?

A. It’s different from Engrish.        C. It focuses on form instead of content.

B. It’s intended for foreigners.        D. It uses correct grammar rules and spelling.

31. What may be the future of Engrish according to the website engrish.com?

A. It will disappear soon.            C. It will be a more effective language.

B. It will become more popular.       D. It will stay unchanged in Japan.

D

It’s something that many of us realize: the sense that we’re not quite as sharp as we once were.

As I wrote my recent book, A History of the Human Brain, which describes the evolutionary tale of how our brain got here, I began to realize that so many of the same influences that shaped our brain evolution in the first place reflect the very measures we use to preserve our cognitive(认知的)function today.

Being social, and highly communicative. Exploring creative pursuits. Eating a varied diet. Being physically active. These behaviors help recall our past, and, I believe, were instrumental in why we remain on the planet today. And they all were, at least in part, enabled by our brain.

The human history is filled with extinctions. Humans were never the fastest lot on the African plains, and far from the strongest. Tigers, leopards and lions held those distinctions. In our world, natural selection instead favored wisdom. Plenty of us became cat food, but those with a slight cognitive edge lived on. In fact, smarts overcame strength and speed in enabling survival.

Ecology, climate, location and just luck would have played important roles in who lived or died as well, as they do for most living beings. But the evolutionary pressure for more complex mental abilities would lead to a massive expansion in our brain's size and neuro circuitry(神经回路)that is surely the major reason why we dominate the planet like no other species ever has.

Much of this "success", if you can call it that, was due to our social lives. Our close monkey and ape cousins are incredibly interactive, cleaning each other for hours a day to maintain relationships.

An active social life is now a known preserver of brain function. Research shows that loneliness worsens cognitive decline(not to mention mental health, as many of us experienced this past year). Larger social networks and regular social activities are associated with mental preservation and slowed dementia(痴呆)process.

32. What does the underlined word "instrumental" in paragraph 3 mean?

A. Absent.     B. Obvious.     C. Important.     D. Temporary.

33. Why does the author mention some animals in paragraph 4?

A. To show the advantages of humans.        B. To prove the importance of strength.

C. To indicate that they’re similar to humans.   D. To explain why they’re stronger than humans.

34. Which of the following is a result of the evolutionary pressure?

A. Smaller brains.           B. Higher intelligence.

C. Fewer mental abilities.     D. Stronger physical strength.

35. What does the author stress in the last two paragraphs?

A. The importance of social contact.       B. The consequences of being alone.

C. The wide variety of social activities.     D. The similarities between monkeys and humans.

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

"I’m really busy," said one teenager.   36   How can I possibly do it all? You can do it all, or at least most of it, if you’11 he more careful with your time. As Benjamin Franklin put it, "Do you love life? Then do not waste time, for that’s the stuff life is made of."

   37   Think about what you could do with an extra 7 hours per week. Well, you know what? I'll bet you you’re wasting at least 7 to 20 hours each week and don’t even realize it.

Screens are the biggest time wasters-from the big flat-screen TV in the living room to all the laptops, tablets, and smartphones littering the house and beeping for attention every minute of the day. Relaxing after school by spending a few minutes watching a funny clip on YouTube, playing a game on your phone, or catching up with your friends on social media is no big deal. Too much time spent with your nose in a screen, however, is a total waste.   38  

Did you know that the average U. S. teen spends 9 hours using media every day? That’s 63 hours a week spent playing video games, texting, sharing photos on Snapchat and Instagram, and above all, watching TV.   39   And then they complain that they don’t have time for anything.

Too much screen time can cause eye damage as well as affect our mood.   40   While it is impossible to completely escape the screen, there are ways to reduce the time when you place your eyes and brain under the screen strain.

A. That’s why people do so.

B. So much to do; so little time.

C. Why are they so busy all the time?

D. This is more time than they spend sleeping.

F. Wouldn’t it be great if every day had 25 hours?

F. What’s worse, it can do harm to our mental health.

G. That’s an activity which is neither urgent nor important.

第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Many years ago, the psychologist Walter Mischel conducted an experiment at a preschool on the Stanford University campus. He   41   a group of four-year-old kids around a table with some marshmallows(棉花糖)in the middle.

Mischel told them he had to   42   the room for a few minutes. If they could wait until he returned, they would get two marshmallows as a(n)   43   . If they couldn’t   44   their satisfaction, then they could have one marshmallow   45   . One marshmallow right now, or a larger reward later. That was the   46   . He then left the room.

A few of the kids couldn't   47   them and ate a marshmallow the moment he left. Some lasted for a few minutes before they   48   . Others smelled their marshmallows. One kid even began licking his. A few kids were   49   to wait. So they covered their   50   , put their heads down, sang to themselves, played games, hid in the corner, or even   51   to fall asleep.

When Mischel got back, he gave those who   52   their well-earned two marshmallows.

The researcher then   53   the lives of each of these kids up through high school.   54   , those who had resisted eating the marshmallow had done far   55   in school and in life than those who couldn’t wait. They were more confident, more   56   , and more dependable.

The marshmallow test is a famous psychological experiment. Walter Mischel has   57   that the young children who got two marshmallows in the test had   58   future outcomes. And they also had the   59   to cope with stress and frustration in adolescence. According to Walter Mischel, self-control can be mastered and applied to   60   in everyday life-from weight control to quitting smoking, and making major decisions.

41. A. gathered  B. inspired  C. adopted  D. visited

42. A. close  B. decorate  C. leave  D. occupy

43. A. reward  B. souvenir  C. invitation  D. fine

44. A. forget  B. delay  C. accept   D. obtain

45. A. gradually  B. eventually  C. regularly  D. immediately

46. A. plan  B. deal  C. concept  D. principle

47. A. move  B. resist  C. judge  D. learn

48. A. turned down  B. took over  C. gave in  D. showed up

49. A. determined  B. ambitious  C. sensitive  D. curious,

50. A. hands  B. mouths  C. ears  D. eyes

51. A. hesitated  B. tried  C. failed  D. refused

52. A. made out  B. set out  C. gave out  D. held out

53. A. followed  B. entered  C. protected  D. involved

54. A. Fortunately  B. Surprisingly  C. Hopefully  D. Additionally

55. A. more  B. less  C. better  D. worse

56. A. popular  B. selfish  C. serious  D. innocent

57. A. conducted  B. designed  C. proven  D. created

58. A. random  B. positive  C. necessary  D. steady

59. A. ability  B. responsibility  C. thought  D. schedule

60. A. opportunities  B. reforms  C. conditions  D. challenges

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

East China’s port city of Quanzhou once   61   (consider) "the very great and noble city" by the Italian explorer Marco Polo. It won UNESCO World Cultural Heritage status last Sunday,    62   (bring)the total number of the country’s UNESCO World Heritage sites to 56.

UNESCO   63   (accept)"Quanzhou: Emporium of the World in Song-Yuan China"   64   a cultural property on its World Heritage List on the 44th session of the World Heritage Committee   65   (hold)in Fuzhou, capital of east China’s Fujian Province.

Located on narrow plains along the coastline of Fujian, Quanzhou was a large port along the historic Maritime Silk Road,   66   (particular) in ancient China’s Song Dynasty(960-1279)and Yuan Dynasty(1271-1368).

A number of famous medieval   67   (explorer), such as Marco Polo, Friar Odoric of Pordenone, and Ihn Battuta, visited Quanzhou and wrote descriptions of the port as one of the   68   (big) harbours in the world, and a vibrant(充满生机的)market in   69   merchants from across many different regions exchanged their goods.

Its past is proved by several historic sites. Additionally, as well as being one of the major hubs of commerce and exchange along the Maritime Silk Roads, Quanzhou was   70   leading centre for shipbuilding and the development of navigation technologies during the Song Dynasty.

第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I have been fond of and good at writing when I was young. When I was in Grade Eight, my teacher encouraged me share some writing technique with the other students. I was only too glad to do that. I went to the platform or shared my views on what to write a good composition. Afterwards, I answered some questions raising by my classmates. They turned out that my speech was such a great success that all my classmates applaud warmly. I felt a great sense of achieve and satisfaction. By sharing, we can not only help the others but also increase our own happiness.

第二节 书面表达(满分25分)

你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以“Take Exercise to Keep Healthy”为题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1.现状：中学生缺乏锻炼；

2.锻炼身体的重要性；

3.呼吁大家锻炼身体。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。