专题51 新冠变异病毒奥密克戎毒株-备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题 体裁分类训练(高考模拟 名校真题)

这是一份专题51 新冠变异病毒奥密克戎毒株-备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题 体裁分类训练(高考模拟 名校真题)，共13页。
备战2022高考英语阅读理解热点话题+体裁分类训练(高考模拟+名校真题)专题51 新冠变异病毒奥密克戎毒株（2022·江西·南昌二中一模）In their letters to Santa Claus, most kids ask for toys, dolls or maybe a new Xbox. All Jonah Simons wanted was a coronavirus cure to save the world. That was last year. This holiday season, the 10-year-old Florida boy is back with a different request for Santa.“Dear Santa, it’s Jonah. Do you remember me? I was the one who asked for a covid cure,” he wrote in a letter addressed to the North Pole and shared with CNN. “Thank you so much for the vaccine! You helped save lives. This year, can I please have a Santa costume to spread your joy around the world?”With a relentless virus and threats of the Omicron variant still plaguing a weary nation, Jonah has big plans for the Santa suit. “I want to wear it and go around the neighborhood and spread Santa’s joy, asking people what they want for Christmas,” the fifth-grader said.Jonah turned 10 in July, and instead of gifts he asked his family and friends to donate to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. His birthday effort raised $1,000 in donations from family and friends all over—even his favorite employees at the local Publix store, his mother says. He also marked his birthday by donating his hair to Locks of Love, the charity that makes wigs for kids with cancer or other medical conditions. During a year of lockdown, he teamed up with some friends and grew out his hair to nine inches.Jonah’s good deeds are not limited to birthdays. He works to help his community all year, including donating and sorting food for the homeless with the organization Feeding South Florida, and packing holiday gifts for children.1．What does Jonah want as a Christmas gift this year?A．A covid cure. B．Toys and dolls.C．Anew Xbox. D．A Santa suit.2．Which one of the following doesn’t belong to the good behaviour of Jonah?A．Donating his hair to a charity.B．Sending his birthday gifts to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital.C．Wrapping holiday gifts for kids.D．Contributing food to the homeless.3．Which of the following best describes Jonah?A．Kind and courageous. B．Generous and brave.C．Caring and helpful. D．Friendly and innocent.4．What can we infer from the passage?A．Jonah didn’t realize his wish last year.B．The coronavirus is still not under complete control.C．Jonah raised $1,000 from his family and friends all over.D．Jonah wants to wear a Santa suit and go around the neighborhood and spread Santa’s joy.（2022·江苏·高三开学考试）The Omicron Covid variant has been found to multiply about 70 times quicker than the original and Delta versions of coronavirus in tissue samples taken from the bronchus(支气管), the main tubes from the windpipe to the lungs, in laboratory experiments that could help explain its rapid transmission.The study, by a team from the University of Hong Kong, also found that the new variant grew 10 times slower in lung tissue, which the authors said could be an indicator of lower disease severity.Michael Chan, who led the work, said the result needed to be interpreted with caution because severe disease is determined not only by how quickly the virus replicates(复制) but also by a person’s immune response. “It is also noted that by infecting many more people, a very infectious virus may cause more severe disease and death even though the virus itself may be less pathogenic(致病的),” he said. “Therefore, taken together with our recent studies showing that the Omicron variant can partially escape immunity from vaccines and past infection, the overall threat from the Omicron variant is likely to be very significant.”Jeremy Kamil, an associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, pointed out that Delta, which turned out to be more pathogenic, showed a similar pattern of replicating more slowly in the lungs. “These authors found Omicron replicates fantastically well--even far better than either Delta or the original virus--in bronchial tissue,” Kamil said. “This could in some ways contribute to an advantage in transmission between people.”Kamil added, “Of course, a huge component of Omicron’s transmissibility in real life is going to be its potential to escape neutralising antibodies that protect against infection in the first place. It’s very likely spreading well even between vaccinated people, especially those who haven’t recently gotten a booster shot.”The findings, together with other recent work showing Omicron infects cells more readily, add to an emerging picture that the variant may be intrinsically more transmissible in addition to escaping existing immunity.5．What is the kind of the passage?A．A news report. B．A science fiction.C．A health guide. D．A medicine advertisement.6．What could Jeremy Kamil agree with?A．We should take the result seriously.B．Omicron may cause more severe disease and death.C．Both Omicron and Delta grew slowly in the lungs.D．Those who have gotten a booster shot won’t be infected.7．What can we learn about Omicron?A．It is a new variant of Delta.B．Delta is less pathogenic than it.C．Vaccinated people needn’t worry about it.D．It may pose a great threat to people’s health.8．According to the passage, which of the following may cause Omicron’s transmissibility?A．That many people haven’t been vaccinated.B．That many people refused to wears masks in public.C．That Omicron infects lung cells much more quickly.D．That existing immunity plays a poor part in fighting Omicron.（2022·广东实验中学高二期末）Cases of the omicron variant of the coronavirus popped up in countries on opposite sides of the world on Sunday and many governments rushed to close their borders even as scientists cautioned that it’s not clear if the new variant is more alarming than other versions of the virus.The variant was identified days ago by researchers in South Africa, and much is still not known about it, including whether it is more infectious, more likely to cause serious illness or more able to evade the protection of vaccines. But many countries rushed to act, reflecting anxiety about anything that could prolong the pandemic that has killed more than 5 million people.Israel decided to bar entry to foreigners, and Morocco said it would suspend all incoming flights for two weeks starting Monday. Scientists in several places — from Hong Kong to Europe to North America — have confirmed its presence. The Netherlands reported 13 omicron cases on Sunday, and both Canada and Australia each found two.Dr. Francis Collins, director of the National Institutes of Health in the United States, meanwhile, emphasized that there is no data yet that suggests the new variant causes more serious illness than previous COVID-19 variants. Collins, along with several experts, said that the news should make everyone redouble their efforts to use the tools the world already has, including vaccinations, booster shots and measures such as mask-wearing. “I know, America, you’re really tired about hearing those things, but the virus is not tired of us,” Collins said.As more omicron cases have been found in more countries such as Dutch, Canada, Australia, many countries are introducing travel bans or closing borders, though they go against the advice of the WHO. It has warned against any overreaction before the variant is thoroughly studied, noting that travel restrictions may play “a role in slightly reducing the spread of COVID-19 but place a heavy burden on lives and livelihoods.”Spain announced it won’t admit unvaccinated British visitors starting Dec. 1. David Hui, a respiratory medicine expert in Hong Kong, agreed with that strategy, saying the two people who tested positive for the omicron variant had received the Pfizer vaccine and exhibited very mild symptoms, such as a sore throat.9．What does the underlined word “evade” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A．escape from B．help withC．come down with D．engage in10．According to Dr. Francis Collins, we know that ________.A．more and more countries will have to close their borders.B．omicron has already made Americans tired of the disease.C．the new variant has caused more serious illness than the previous one.D．regular public health measures are effective against the variant.11．What can we learn from the passage?A．World Health Organization is against omicron-related travel bans.B．The new variant is thought to have originated in South Africa.C．The previous vaccine is of little use in fighting against omicron.D．Spain has its border closed to foreign travelers including British visitors.12．Which would be the best title for this passage?A．More countries have begun to introduce travel bansB．Great damage caused by a new variant called omicronC．More omicron cases emerge as world rushes to learn moreD．Vaccinations and booster shots recommended to be pushed（2022·广东茂名·高一期末）With the world reporting more cases of Omicron variant (欧米克隆变种) on Tuesday and more Western countries hurry up to close their doors. China, where so far only Hong Kong has reported cases, is calmly and confidently responding to possible challenges with vaccine (疫苗) study and the experience got from China’s zero-COVID policy.Chinese observers said that China will benefit from its COVID-19 policy of preventing cases from home and abroad which continues to show its unique advantages facing Omicron. In comparison, observers reminded that Western countries are likely to be affected by Omicron if the variant is highly infectious (感染的), with their unscientific epidemic (流行病) control measures and overconfidence in vaccines, which has led to the rapid spread of the new variant, an expert told Global Times on Tuesday. But to some Western media, China’s policy means isolation (隔离). CNN said in a report on Monday that as much of the world started to learn to live with COVID-19, China"looked increasingly isolated by comparison”. Chinese observers said that the West’s choice of dealing with COVID-19 is a helpless action as they cannot possibly clear their domestic cases with large numbers of locally transmitted cases, and residents are unwilling to team up with governments. In some countries, even the leaders do not follow their own rules. Biden on Monday call on Americans to wear masks, but he has come under fire for flouting his own rules. He was pictured without a mask covering his face over the Thanksgiving weekend in a shop that had a sign on the window requiring customers to wear face coverings, the BBC reported.13．What is the zero-COVID policy?A．The vaccine can kill all the variants of the epidemic.B．No one goes out and people will close the doors for isolation.C．It is a useful measure to reduce the local infection.D．It is a serious control method to clear the cases.14．What does the underlined word “flouting” mean?A．observing B．hating C．going against D．following15．Which means does the author NOT use to develop the passage?A．By following the time order. B．By giving examples.C．By making comparisons. D．By quoting.16．What is the main idea of the report?A．Western countries are likely to be affected by Omicron.B．Despite the Omicron variant, it is still under control in China.C．Western choice is helpless when faced with COVID-19.D．Biden call on Americans to deal with the epidemic seriously.（2022·江苏常州·高三期末）China’s existing COVID-19 containment strategy, characterized by firm and rapid response to cut its transmission and block new outbreaks, should be sufficient for dealing with the new Omicron variant（变种）of the novel coronavirus, health experts and officials said recently. They added that the country’s dynamic zero-case policy should continue to be enforced this winter and spring, as new modeling shows that dropping it prematurely would risk causing “a huge outbreak”. Wu Zunyou, a chief epidemiologist, said the new variant appears to be more contagious（传染的）than the Delta variant due to its exceptionally high number of spike mutations. “But no matter how the virus mutates, regular public health measures, such as wearing masks, maintaining social distancing and washing hands, will be effective against all variants,” Wu said. Zhang Wenhong, a well-known doctor from Shanghai, said China’s current “rapid response and dynamic zeroing of new infections” can deal with all variants. The strategy has also enabled China to win a window of opportunity in terms of building up scientific support to fight the virus, he said. Ongoing work includes increasing reserves of vaccines（疫苗）and drugs to support the global battle against the pandemic, and boosting inventories（存货）of China’s public health and medical resources. According to Wu Zunyou, China’s overall epidemic situation remains stable and under control against a backdrop of surging infections globally. “This remarkable outcome is largely due to the central approach of interrupting the spread of the virus, blocking new outbreaks and implementing quarantine（隔离）for incoming travelers,” he said. “By the most conservative estimates, the strategy had avoided 47.8 million COVID-19 infections and 950, 000 related deaths in China,” he said. As the outlook for the pandemic remains serious for this winter and spring, Wu said these measures should continue to be enforced. “Adjustment（调整）of virus control measures should be done extremely carefully and with every detail and procedure being taken into consideration, so as to avoid making mistakes or taking the wrong path,” he said.17．What might be the best title of this newspaper article?A．China’s COVID-19 strategy can cope with Omicron.B．China’s CVID-19 approach has made great achievements.C．New Omicron variant appears to be more contagious.D．New Omicron variant calls for adjustment of measures.18．What can best describe China’s existing strategy?A．Traditional and immature. B．Solid and effective.C．Regular and risky. D．Dynamic and contemporary.19．According to Zhang Wenhong the current strategy has brought to China a window of opportunity in terms of ______.A．cultural exchanges B．economic recoveryC．scientific preparations D．medical profits20．What can we infer from the passage?A．The Delta Variant of COVID-19 will soon disappear.B．New variant makes it harder to maintain social distancing.C．The dynamic zero-case policy will continue for a while.D．This winter and spring will see fewer cases of infection.
参考答案：1．D2．B3．C4．B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了美国Florida的10岁小男孩在新冠疫情期间的愿望，今年他想要一套圣诞老人服装，以此给大家传播快乐。1．细节理解题。根据第二段“This year, can I please have a Santa costume to spread your joy around the world?”(“今年，我能请求要一件圣诞老人的服装，把你的快乐传播到世界各地吗？”)”可知，Jonah今年想要的圣诞节礼物是一件圣诞老人的服装，故选D。2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Jonah turned 10 in July, and instead of gifts he asked his family and friends to donate to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. (Jonah在7月满10岁，他没有向家人和朋友要礼物，而是请求家人和朋友给St. Jude儿童研究医院捐东西)”可知，Jonah请求家人和朋友给St. Jude儿童研究医院捐东西，并不是把他的礼物送给医院。故选B。3．推理判断题。根据第二段“This year, can I please have a Santa costume to spread your joy around the world?”(“今年，我能请求要一件圣诞老人的服装，把你的快乐传播到世界各地吗？”)”及根据第四段“Jonah turned 10 in July, and instead of gifts he asked his family and friends to donate to St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. His birthday effort raised $1,000 in donations from family and friends all over—even his favorite employees at the local Publix store, his mother says. (Jonah在7月满10岁，他没有向家人和朋友要礼物，而是请求家人和朋友给St. Jude儿童研究医院捐东西。他的母亲说，他通过生日努力从所有的家人、朋友甚至包括他最喜欢的当地Publix商店的员工那里筹集了1000美元的捐款)”可知，Jonah想给大家传播快乐，给St. Jude儿童研究医院捐东西，捐赠了1,000美元。足以说明Jonah是爱关心人，爱帮助人，故选C。4．推理判断题。根据第三段“With a relentless virus and threats of the Omicron variant still plaguing a weary nation, Jonah has big plans for the Santa suit. (由于无情的病毒和奥密克戎变体的威胁仍然困扰着一个疲惫的国家，Jonah对圣诞老人套装有很大的计划)”可知，新冠发生了变异，没有受到完全的控制，故选B。5．A6．C7．D8．D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了实验室实验发现，在从支气管(从气管到肺部的主要管道)采集的组织样本中，Omicron Covid变体比原始和Delta版本的冠状病毒繁殖速度快约70倍，这可能有助于解释其快速传播。5．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The Omicron Covid variant has been found to multiply about 70 times quicker than the original and Delta versions of coronavirus in tissue samples taken from the bronchus(支气管), the main tubes from the windpipe to the lungs, in laboratory experiments that could help explain its rapid transmission. (实验室实验发现，在从支气管(从气管到肺部的主要管道)采集的组织样本中，Omicron Covid变体比原始和Delta版本的冠状病毒繁殖速度快约70倍，这可能有助于解释其快速传播。)”可知，这篇文章是有关于新冠肺炎变异病毒Omicron Covid变异株的相关报道，由此可推知，文章可能是一篇新闻报道。故选A。6．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Jeremy Kamil, an associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, pointed out that Delta, which turned out to be more pathogenic, showed a similar pattern of replicating more slowly in the lungs. ( 路易斯安那州立大学卫生什里夫波特分校(Louisiana State University Health Shreveport)的微生物学和免疫学副教授杰里米·卡米尔(Jeremy Kamil)指出，致病性更高的Delta在肺部也表现出类似的复制模式，复制速度更慢。)”可知，Jeremy Kamil可能会同意Omicron和Delta在肺部生长缓慢。故选C。7．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““It is also noted that by infecting many more people, a very infectious virus may cause more severe disease and death even though the virus itself may be less pathogenic(致病的),” he said. “Therefore, taken together with our recent studies showing that the Omicron variant can partially escape immunity from vaccines and past infection, the overall threat from the Omicron variant is likely to be very significant.” (他说：“人们还注意到，一种传染性很强的病毒通过感染更多的人，可能会导致更严重的疾病和死亡，尽管这种病毒本身的致病性可能较低。”“因此，结合我们最近的研究表明，Omicron变种可以部分逃脱疫苗和过去感染的免疫，Omicron变种的总体威胁可能非常重大。”)”可知，它可能对人们的健康造成很大的威胁。故选D。8．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“Kamil added, “Of course, a huge component of Omicron’s transmissibility in real life is going to be its potential to escape neutralising antibodies that protect against infection in the first place. It’s very likely spreading well even between vaccinated people, especially those who haven’t recently gotten a booster shot.” (Kamil补充道：“当然，Omicron在现实生活中传播性的一个重要组成部分，将是它在最初抵御感染的中和抗体方面的潜力。它很可能在接种疫苗的人之间传播得很好，尤其是那些最近没有接受加强注射的人。”)”可知，现有的免疫在对抗Omicron中发挥的作用很差，这可能会导致Omicron的传播性加强。故选D。9．A10．D11．A12．C【解析】【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述随着世界的发展，疫情的爆发，世界各国想要了解更多变种的信息，更多的奥密克戎变种病例出现了。9．词句猜测题。根据第二段“The variant was identified days ago by researchers in South Africa, and much is still not known about it, including whether it is more infectious, more likely to cause serious illness or more able to evade the protection of vaccines.”（这种变种在几天前被南非的研究者们认定，并且许多仍然是未知的，包括是否更有感染性，更可能引起更严重的疾病，或者更能够evade疫苗的保护。）可知，evade是及物动词，这句话表达的是研究者们对这种变种的未知部分的担忧，尤其是更可能导致的坏的结果，所以evade应该是有“逃脱”的意思，“逃脱疫苗的保护”即“疫苗对它的保护性减少”，和A选项意思一致。故选A。10．细节理解题。根据第四段Dr. Francis Collins，“Collins, along with several experts, said that the news should make everyone redouble their efforts to use the tools the world already has, including vaccinations, booster shots and measures such as mask-wearing.”（Collins和其它几位专家说，这条新闻应该让每个人加倍努力来使用这个世界已有的工具，包括接种疫苗，加强针的注射和像戴口罩的措施。）可知，证明人们应该重视使用现有的防疫工具，即现有防疫措施是有效的。故选D。11．细节理解题。根据第五段“they go against the advice of the WHO. It has warned against any overreaction before the variant is thoroughly studied”（他们违背世界卫生组织的建议。在彻底研究这个变异体之前，它已经警告过任何过度反应。） 可知，证明世卫组织反对各国对新冠变种过度反应。故选A。12．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cases of the omicron variant of the coronavirus popped up in countries”（奥密克戎变种病例在世界各国突然出现）可知，这篇文章主要围绕更多的奥密克戎病例的出现展开的陈述。故选C。13．D14．C15．A16．B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了尽管是欧米克隆的变种，新冠病毒在中国仍然处于控制之下。13．推理判断题。根据第一段“China, where so far only Hong Kong has reported cases, is calmly and confidently responding to possible challenges with vaccine study and the experience got from China’s zero-COVID policy.（迄今为止，只有香港报告了新冠肺炎病例，中国在疫苗研究方面沉着、自信地应对可能面临的挑战，并从中国的“新冠病毒清零”政策中获得了经验。）”以及第三段“But to some Western media, China’s policy means isolation（隔离）. CNN said in a report on Monday that as much of the world started to learn to live with COVID-19, China u looked increasingly isolated by comparison”.（但对一些西方媒体来说，中国的政策意味着隔离。CNN在周一的一篇报道中表示，随着世界上许多国家开始学习与COVID-19共存，相比之下，中国看起来越来越孤立。”）”可推断，中国的“新冠病毒清零”政策指的是一种严肃的为清除病例的控制方法。故选D。14．词义猜测题。根据前一段的尾句“In some countries, even the leaders do not follow their own rules.（在一些国家，甚至领导人也不遵守自己的规则。）”和划线词前半句“Biden on Monday call on Americans to wear masks,(周一，拜登呼吁美国人戴上口罩，)”和转折词but及后文可知，拜登呼吁美国人戴上口罩，但他因违反自己的规定而受到抨击。所以flouting为“违反”之意。故选C。15．推理判断题。根据第二段末尾“on Tuesday（在周二）”以及最后一段“on Monday（在周一）”可推断，本文没有按照时间顺序展开文章。故选A。16．主旨大意题。根据第一段“With the world reporting more cases of Omicron variant on Tuesday and more Western countries hurry up to close their doors. China, where so far only Hong Kong has reported cases, is calmly and confidently responding to possible challenges with vaccine study and the experience got from China’s zero-COVID policy.（随着世界各地周二报告了更多的欧米克隆变种病例，越来越多的西方国家急于关闭国门。迄今为止，只有香港报告了新冠肺炎病例，中国在疫苗研究方面沉着、自信地应对可能面临的挑战，并从中国的“新冠病毒清零”政策中获得了经验。）”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了尽管是欧米克隆的变种，新冠病毒在中国仍然处于控制之下。故选B。17．A18．B19．C20．C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国现有的新冠遏制战略（以坚定快速的方式中断新冠的传播阻挡新的爆发），能够有效地对抗新冠变异的Omicron病毒，这种策略还会加大力度来预防冬季疫情的爆发。17．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“China’s existing COVID-19 containment strategy, characterized by firm and rapid response to cut its transmission and block new outbreaks, should be sufficient for dealing with the new Omicron variant（变种）of the novel coronavirus, health experts and officials said recently.（中国现有的新冠遏制战略（以坚定快速的方式中断新冠的传播阻挡新的爆发），能够有效地对抗新冠变异的Omicron病毒）”可知，此篇文章主要讲中国新冠战略可以对抗Omicron病毒，故选A。18．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“China’s existing COVID-19 containment strategy, characterized by firm and rapid response to cut its transmission and block new outbreaks（中国现有的新冠遏制战略，以坚定快速的方式中断新冠的传播阻挡新的爆发）”可知，中国现在抗疫的战略是坚定有效的，故选B。19．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“The strategy has also enabled China to win a window of opportunity in terms of building up scientific support to fight the virus, he said（他说道，就建立对抗病毒的科学支撑来讲，这个战略能让中国赢得机会）”可知，现在的战略能让中国在科学准备方面取得机会，故选C。20．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“the country’s dynamic zero-case policy should continue to be enforced this winter and spring（国家的动态零病例政策在今年冬天和春天应继续加大力度执行）”可知，动态零病例政策还会持续一段时间，故选C。