专题17 不 定 式 用法50题 (思维导图+高考真题+时政科技类阅读)--2022年高考英语第二轮复习小题训练

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【动词不定式高考考查动向】
动向一、不定式作状语用法区别
动向二、不定式作宾语用法区别
动向三、不定式的时态和语态变化
【小题狂练一】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2021全国乙卷) Activities there range frm whale watching t hiking (远足) and accmmdatins aim ____________ (have) a lw impact n the natural envirnment.
2. (2020全国I卷) Chinese researchers hpe t use the instruments nbard Chang’e-4 ____________ (find) and study areas f the Suth Ple-Aitken basin.
3. (2020全国II卷) Bamb plants are assciated with health, abundance and a happy hme. They are easy ____________ (care) fr and make great presents.
4. (2020全国III卷)The next mrning he hired a bat and set ut ____________ (find) the well-knwn painter.
5. (2020浙江卷) Agriculture gave peple their first experience f the pwer f technlgy ____________ (change) lives.
6. (2020天津卷)The lcal gvernment desn't have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin ____________ (prmte) ecnmic grwth.
7. (2019江苏卷) ____________ (enjy) the cnvenience f digital payment, many senir citizens started t use smart phnes.
8. (2019全国I卷) Mdem methds f tracking plar bear ppulatins have been emplyed nly since the mid-1980s, and are expensive ____________ (perfrm) cnsistently ver a large area.
9. (2019全国III卷) On ur way t the huse，it was raining s hard that we culdn't help wndering hw lng it wuld take ____________ (get)there.
10. (2019浙江卷) One study in America fund that students' grades imprved a little after the schl intrduced unifrms. But sme students didn't want ____________ (wear) the unifrm.
11. Nbdy wants ____________ (make) fun f, especially in public.
12. Plants tend ____________ (die)in ht weather if yu dn't water them.
13. The bat is due ________ (arrive) at 10:00, s remember t meet me n time.
14. I feel it is yur husband wh is ____________(blame) fr the spiled child.
15. Students are expected ______ (master) a secnd language.
16. I feel it an hnur t have the chance ____________（tell）yu smething abut ur after-class activities.
17. She was seen ____________ (enter) the rm abut the time the crime was cmmitted.
18. After that, an pening address is scheduled ____________ (give) by the president.
19. I struggled ____________ (keep) my head abve the water.
20. The lcal gvernment desn’t have t sacrifice envirnmental prtectin ____________ (prmte) ecnmic grwth.
21. It is the duty f the plice ____________ (preserve) public rder.
22. As always, yu shuld stretch at least ten minutes befre each run ________ (prevent) injuries.
23. _________________ (tell)yu the truth, I didn’t want t tell yu abut it.
24. Peking Opera is being intrduced t schl students in an effrt ________ (prmte)the traditinal art t the yunger generatin in ur cuntry.
25. The date f the wedding needs ____________ (determine) in advance s that we can invite ur guests.
26. We find it impssible ____________ (climb) t the tp f the hill in such bad weather.
27. Yung peple vlunteer ____________ (jin) the army ne after anther.
28. ____________ (wrk) ut the difficult maths prblem, I have cnsulted Prfessr Russell several times.
29. It’s standard practice fr a cmpany like this ne ________ (emply) a security fficer.
30. With a lt f difficult prblems ____________ (slve), the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
31. It remains ____________ (see) whether he can pass the English test r nt.
32. Tm lifted a rck nly ________(drp) it t his wn feet.
33. Peer pressure can be pwerful and hard____________(resist).
34. It was my first art teacher wh inspired me ________(pursue) a gal in art.
35. ____________(accept) as an Olympic event, a sprt must be played in at least 75 cuntries n at least 4 cntinents.
36. He is always the first ne________(cme) t the classrm and the last ne________(leave).
37. In my family, each member are nt allwed____________(smke) at all.
38. She pretended ________(sleep) when we came in.
39. In many peple's pinin, that cmpany, thugh relatively small, is pleasant ____________ (deal) with.
40. I’d like t invite yu t visit the paper-cutting exhibitin ____________(hld) by ur schl next Sunday.
【答案】1. t have 2. t find 3. t care 4. t find 5.t change 6.t prmte 7. T enjy 8. t perfrm 9. t get 10. t wear 11.t be made 12.t die 13.t arrive 14.t blame 15.master 16.t tell 17.t enter 18.t be given 19.t keep 20.t prmte 21.t preserve 22.t prevent 23.T tell 24.t prmte 25.determining/t be determined 26.t climb 27.t jin 28.T wrk 29.t emply 30.t slve 31.t be seen 32.t drp 33.t resist 34.t pursue 35.T be accepted 36.t cme; t leave 37.t smke 38.t be sleeping 39.t deal 40.t be held
【小题狂练二】下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。
41. We’d better nt t miss the chance t enjy the play.
42. It is cnsiderate fr him t infrm me f the date fr the meeting.
43. There are five pairs t chse, but I'm at a lss which t buy.
44. It tk a lng time fr the cnnectin between bdy temperature and illness t make.
45. That’s the nly way we can imagine reduce the veruse f water in bathrms.
46. There were many talented actrs ut there just waiting t discver.
47. I wuld lve t g t the party last night but I had t wrk extra hurs t finish a reprt
48. D let yur mther knw all the truth. She appears t have tld everything.
49. She left her hmetwn with her belved man, never return.
50. ---Cme n, please give me sme ideas abut the prject.
---Srry. With s much wrk fill my mind, I almst break dwn.
51. We decide nt pursue the matter, fr he has admitted his mistake
52. D let yur mther knw all the truth. She appears t have tld everything.
53. The purpse f new technlgy is t make life easier, nt make it mre difficult.
54. I regret infrm yu that yur applicatin has been unsuccessful.
55.Nt knwing what t deal with the prblem, I have t turn t yu fr help.
56. They were made wrk twenty hurs every day.
57. Wuld yu like have a cup f cffee?
58. I fund it hard keep my balance n the icy path.
59. The prblem be discussed at the meeting tmrrw is very imprtant.
60. He is said t have sent t hspital already.
61. We had n chice but d what we were asked.
62. I happened t standing next t him when he cllapsed.
63. They did all they culd save the child.
64. I’m ging t the supermarket this afternn. D yu have anything t bught?
65. Sandy culd d nthing but admitted t his teacher that he was wrng.
66. David threatened reprt his neighbr t the plice if the damages were nt paid.
67. I stpped the car take a shrt break as I was feeling tired.
68. I remembered lck the dr befre I left the ffice, but frgt t turn ff the lights.
69. Gerge returned after the war, nly t tld that his wife had left him.
70. This machine is very easy perate. Anybdy can learn t use it in a few minutes.
【答案】51.pursue前加t 52.have后加been 53.nt后加t 54.infrm前加t 55.what→hw 或者deal→d 56.wrk前加t 57.have前加t 58.keep前加t 59.be前加t 60.sent前加been 61.d前加t 62.standing前加be 63.save前加t 64.bught前加be 65.admiited→admit 66.reprt前加t 67.take前加t 68.lck前加 69.tld前加be 70.perate前加t
【小题狂练三】时政科技类语法填空----一路“象”北的大象回归云南
Wild elephants that had been raming the suthern Chinese prvince f Yunnan fr mre than three mnths returned t a “mre apprpriate” habitat, Chinese experts tld Xinhua news agency.
The animals 1 (begin) a migratin in May frm their usual habitat in Xishuangbanna, 2 regin knwn fr its trpical frest, t the nrth f the prvince withut clear reasn. The herd managed 3 (crss) the Yuanjiang River Sunday, the main bstacle they had t cntinue their return t a mre favrable habitat. The arrival f the rainy seasn in the area in July added difficulty 4 its crssing, since the river flw has increased 5 (cnsiderable). Accrding t Xinhua, authrities blcked the river bank with dzens f trucks t prevent the elephants frm crssing, 6 (frce) them t cntinue their jurney t a bridge, thrugh 7 they culd crss the river withut cmplicatins (困难). Chen Mingyng, an elephant researcher at Yunnan University, said the Yuanjiang River 8 (be) the dividing line that marks “the suitability f the envirnment fr the life f elephants”. In the nrth, the riginal directin the animals tk, it is clder and there is less fd, 9 the Yuanjiang River basin, where they are fund, has plenty f fd.
Accrding t Chen, elephant habitats can be divided int fur 10 (categry): “highly apprpriate, apprpriate, nrmal and inapprpriate,” and the animals are nw in a suitable ne.
【答案】1. began 2. a 3. t crss 4. t 5. cnsiderably 6. frcing 7. which 8. is 9. while 10. categries
【分析】本文是说明文。中国专家告诉新华社，在中国南部省份云南游荡了三个多月的野生大象回到了一个“更合适”的栖息地。
1.考查时态。句意：今年5月，在没有明确理由情况下，这些动物从它们通常的栖息地西双版纳,一个以热带森林闻名的地区迁移到该省北部。 in May 是过去时间，所以谓语动词用一般过去时。故填began。
2.考查冠词。句意：今年5月，在没有明确理由的情况下，这些动物从它们通常的栖息地西双版纳，一个以热带森林闻名的地区迁移到该省北部。单数可数名词前用不定冠词，表示一个，regin发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：周日，象群设法渡过了元江，这是它们必须继续返回更有利栖息地的主要障碍。manage t d设法做成某事。故填t crss。
4.考查介词。句意：7月份雨季的到来增加了该地区的跨越困难，因为河流流量大大增加。add 表示增添。故填t。
5.考查副词。句意：7月份雨季的到来增加了该地区的跨越困难，因为河流流量大大增加。副词修饰动词，增加是动词用可观的副词修饰。故填cnsiderably。
6.考查非谓语动词。句意：据新华社报道,当局封锁了河岸的卡车,以防止大象穿越,迫使他们继续他们的旅程的桥梁,他们可以没有困难地渡河。前面有谓语动词blck，强迫和谓语之间没有连词，可以判断出用非谓语动词，前面这件事和迫使是主动关系用现在分词。故填frcing。
7.考查定语从句。句意：据新华社报道,当局封锁了河岸的卡车,以防止大象穿越,迫使他们继续他们的旅程的桥梁,他们可以没有困难地渡河。a bridge是先行词，指物，在定语从句中做介词的宾语。故填which。
8.考查主谓一致。句意：云南大学大象研究人员陈明勇表示，沅江是“大象生存环境适宜性”的分水岭。表示客观事实用一般现在时，主语是一条江，谓语动词用单数。故填is。
9.考查连词。句意：在动物们迁徙的北方，天气更冷，食物也更少，而它们出没的元江流域，食物却很充足。前面的less fd和 后面的plenty f fd.形成对比，表示“然而”用while。故填while。
10.考查名词。句意：据陈教授介绍，大象的栖息地可以分为四类:“高度适宜、适宜、正常和不适宜”，而这些动物现在处于适宜的栖息地。fur修饰复数名词。故填categries。
【小题狂练四】时政科技类语法填空----2020东京奥运会跳水冠军全红婵
In a diving cmpetitin, Quan Hngchan frm China set the 10m platfrm final alight with three 10s.
The perfect Quan, nly 14 years ld, 1 (bare) made a ripple (涟漪) as she surged (涌动) ahead with a scre f 466. 20. Teammate Chen Yuxi wn silver, mre than 40 pints back n 425.40, with Melissa Wu f Australia 2 (three) n 371.40. But the final belnged t Quan, wh was thrilled and amazed in equal measure 3 (take) an unfrgettable diving gld.
It was a fantastic perfrmance frm a yung but 4 (excellence) diver wh has nly recently burst nt the scene but will surely prvide sme f the impressive images f the Games. 5 her f Tky and new Olympic champin was the star f the shw 6 a thrilling afternn at the Tky Aquatics Centre.
Quan spke after the final abut hw she had felt in 7 was the mst imprtant cmpetitin f her life. Yet despite her tender age, it seems that she didn't feel any pre-finals anxiety. “I 8 (be) a little nervus in the cmpetitin, but nt very, just a little bit.” she said.
Quan als shared hw she 9 (celebrate) her win. She said, “I want t eat a lt f delicius fd tnight!” And when 10 (ask) abut her favrite fd, she said she felt like eating latia (a ppular Chinese spicy snack) the mst.
【答案】1. barely 2. third 3. t take 4. excellent 5. The 6. n 7. what 8. am 9. wuld celebrate 10. asked
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了跳水运动员全红婵在奥运会上的精彩表现以及对她的采访。
1.考查副词。句意：完美的全红婵，只有14岁，在她以466.20分的高分遥遥领先时几乎没有引起任何波澜。修饰动词made，应用副词barely，作状语。故填barely。
2.考查数词。句意：队友陈芋汐以425.40分的成绩获得银牌，澳大利亚选手吴恬敏以371.40分获得第三名。此处表示“第三名”，应用序数词third。故填third。
3.考查非谓语动词。句意：但决赛属于全红婵，她获得了一枚难忘的跳水金牌，让人既激动又惊讶。分析句子结构可知，take在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填t take。
4.考查形容词。句意：这是一名年轻而出色的跳水运动员的精彩表现，她最近才崭露头角，但肯定会为奥运会提供一些令人印象深刻的形象。修饰后文名词diver应用形容词excellent，作定语。故填excellent。
5.考查冠词。句意：在东京水上运动中心一个激动人心的下午，东京的英雄和新的奥运冠军成为了表演的明星。her此处为特指，应用定冠词。句首单词首字母要大写。故填The。
6.考查介词。句意：在东京水上运动中心一个激动人心的下午，东京的英雄和新的奥运冠军成为了表演的明星。结合句意表示“在一个激动人心的下午”，应用介词n。故填n。
7.考查宾语从句。句意：决赛结束后，全讲述了她在这场人生中最重要的比赛中的感受。引导宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，故用what引导。故填what。
8.考查时态。句意：比赛时我有一点紧张，但不是很紧张，只有一点点。此处描述比赛时的心情，应用一般现在时。故填am。
9.考查时态。句意：全红婵还分享了她将如何庆祝胜利。此处主句为一般过去时，从句应用过去相对应的时态，此处应用过去将来时。故填wuld celebrate。
10.考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问到她最喜欢的食物时，她说她最喜欢吃辣条（一种很受欢迎的中国辣小吃）。 分析句子结构可知，ask在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语she构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填asked。