07 国家政策-2022年高考英语最新热点时文阅读

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2022年高考最新热点时文阅读-国家政策 题型主要内容1阅读理解中国颁布了开放三胎的新政策2语法填空中国的脱贫攻坚战略3语法填空国家出台对未成年人网络游戏限制的相关政策 01（重庆市第一中学校2021-2022学年高三上学期第二次月考英语试题）    On May 31, a key meeting of the Communist Party of China unveiled a policy that would allow all couples to have up to three children.The move is expected to maximize the population's role in driving economic and social growth. The three -child policy is also expected to prevent the decline in the nation's birthrate and deal with the challenge of a rapidly aging population,China Daily reported.China's annual number of newborns has fallen for four years in a row.The country's total birthrate(the average number of children born to each woman)stood-at 1.3 in 2020. The number is below the rate of 2.1 that would maintain a stable population,according to the National Bureau of Statistics.The declining birthrate has also brought a sharp increase in the proportion of the population aged 60 or above, rising from 10.3 percent to 18.7 percent in the past decade. An increasingly elderly population will cause a lack of young labor force.Therefore,it's not good for economic growth, according to Chen Youhua,a professor at Nanjing University.In fact,the new birth policy is a step to further relax the family planning policy. The one-child policy was introduced in the 1970s and aimed to control the fast growing population.Then in 2013 China allowed couples to have second child if either parent was an only child,and three years later, all couples were allowed to have two children.However, not all people have shown their support for this latest policy.Many couples complained about the rising costs of raising a child. A netizen named Qinfeng commented,"High cost of education and both the physical and mental exhaustion stopped me from having more than one child." Also,many women hesitate to give birth because that could mean sacrificing their career prospects,according to Mu Guangzong, a professor at Peking University.In that case, Mu noted that it is better to take supporting measures with the three-child policy, such as more preferential policies for couples that would ease their parental burden.1．What might NOT be the main cause for the new policy?A．To increase the population's role in economic and social development.B．To maintain a stable population.C．To keep the birth rate at 1.3.D．To address the challenge of the aging population.2．What can be known from the text?A．China's annual number of newborns has fallen for decades.B．In 2013.Chinese government allowed all couples to have two children.C．Sacrificing women's career prospects contributes to their willingness to bear more children.D．Chinese government has loosened its decades-long family planning policy in recent years.3．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “preferential”?A．favorable. B．powerful.C．contradictory. D．neutral4．What is the author's purpose in writing the text?A．To show the population's role in driving economic and social growth.B．To introduce the new family size policy.C．To share his concerns about birthrate and aging population problem.D．To issue an appeal for easing couples' parental burden.02阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In the past eight years, China has achieved its goal of poverty reduction 5． planned and nearly 100 million people have been lifted out of poverty, according to Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China Central Committee.Since the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the Party has taken lots of innovative and creative measures to reduce poverty and has launched a war 6． poverty of the largest ever scale in the history of mankind. So far, China has adjusted the standard for absolute poverty several times 7． (keep) it in line with the country’s social and 8． (economy) development.The CPC has put the people first and made efforts to help those 9． are in poverty-stricken area lead 10． happy life. With eight years of continuous efforts, all rural people, based on the current criteria in China, have been lifted out of poverty. All remaining counties 11． (remove) from the country’s poverty list, and absolute poverty and overall regional poverty have been eliminated, Xi said, 12． (add) that this is a remarkable victory that has 13． (great) impressed the world. The great victory has boosted the people’s feeling of gain, happiness and 14． (safe).03（重庆市育才中学校2021-2022学年高考适应性考试（三）英语试题）Children under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice 15．(issue) by China’s National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors—from 8 to 9 pm on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays—as16．way to safeguard their physical and mental health. The recent17．(propose) to limit the playing of video games among the under 18s is the type of socially responsible policy needed in an era18．all of us have the potential to over-immerse19．(we) in our screens and digital content.Real-name registration and logins will be20．(strict) implemented, said the notice, adding that companies cannot offer games to users who fail the identification process. China21．(tighten) controls on online games for minors in recent years. In 2019, the country cut time limitations to 1.5 hours per day and three hours on weekends and holiday.Undoubtedly, excessive gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health, but if children are taught how to manage 22．a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat. To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not23．(attach) to their phones.Since online games are24．(addict), the gaming industry should also act in a socially responsible way to provide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development rather than putting profit-making interests as its priority.  参考答案1．C2．D3．A4．B【分析】这是一篇新闻。文章介绍了中国颁布了开放三胎的新政策。1．细节理解题。根据第三段中“The country's total birthrate(the average number of children born to each woman)stood-at 1.3 in 2020.”（2020年，中国的总出生率(每个妇女生育孩子的平均数量)为1.3。）可知，为了增加人口出生率才引进的新政策，故而不是为了保持1.3的出生率，故选C。2．推理判断题。根据第五段中“The one-child policy was introduced in the 1970s and aimed to control the fast growing population.Then in 2013 China allowed couples to have second child if either parent was an only child,and three years later, all couples were allowed            to have two children.”（计划生育政策于20世纪70年代出台，旨在控制快速增长的人口。然后在2013年，中国允许夫妻双方都是独生子女的夫妇生育第二个孩子，三年后，所有夫妇都可以生育两个孩子。）可知，近年来，中国政府放松了实行了几十年的计划生育政策，故选D。3．词义猜测题。根据最后一段中“In that case, Mu noted that it is better to take supporting measures with the three-child policy, such as more preferential policies for couples that would ease their parental burden.”（穆指出，在这种情况下，最好采取三胎政策的配套措施，比如为夫妇提供更多的____政策，以减轻他们的父母负担。）可知，划线词preferential应该是“有利的，优惠的”的意思，故选A。4．推理判断题。根据第一段中“On May 31, a key meeting of the Communist Party of China unveiled a policy that would allow all couples to have up to three children.”（5月31日，中国共产党召开重要会议，公布了一项政策，允许所有夫妇最多生育三个孩子。）可知，本文的主要目的是向大家介绍开放三胎的新政策，故选B。【点睛】 5．as6．against/on7．to keep8．economic9．who10．a11．have been removed12．adding13．greatly14．safety【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了中国的脱贫攻坚战略。5．考查连词。句意：中国共产党中央委员会总书记习近平表示，在过去的8年里，中国已经实现了计划中的减贫目标，近1亿人摆脱了贫困。分析句意和句子结构可知，空处需用连词as，引导方式状语，其后省略了it was，此处表示按照计划。故填as。6．考查介词。句意：党的十八大以来，我们党采取了许多创新和创造性的措施来减少贫困，发动了人类历史上最大规模的反贫困“战争”。此处为固定搭配launch a war against/on sth. 表示“……宣战”。故填against/on。7．考查非谓语动词。句意：到目前为止，中国已经多次调整了绝对贫困的标准，以使其与国家的社会和经济发展相适应。分析句子结构可知keep在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to keep。8．考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，中国已经多次调整了绝对贫困的标准，以使其与国家的社会和经济发展相适应。修饰名词development应用形容词economic，作定语，表示“经济的”。故填economic。9．考查定语从句。句意：中国共产党把人民放在第一位，努力帮助贫困地区的人们过上幸福生活。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词those，指人，在定语从句中作主语应用关系代词who。故填who。10．考查冠词。句意：中国共产党坚持以人民为中心，努力帮助贫困地区人民过上幸福生活。结合句意表示“过上幸福的生活”可知短语为lead a happy life。故填a。11．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：习近平说，剩下的所有县都被从国家贫困名单上除名，绝对贫困和区域整体贫困都被消除，这是一个了不起的胜利，给世界留下了深刻的印象。结合语意可知，此处应用被动语态。且动词remove所表示的动作截止到目前已经完成，故用现在完成时，又因为主语为counties，助动词用have。故填have been removed。12．考查非谓语动词。句意：习近平说，剩下的所有县都被从国家贫困名单上除名，绝对贫困和区域整体贫困都被消除，这是一个了不起的胜利，给世界留下了深刻的印象。分析句子结构可知add在句中应用非谓语动词形式作状语，且动词add与主语Xi之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填adding。13．考查副词。句意：习近平说，剩下的所有县都被从国家贫困名单上除名，绝对贫困和区域整体贫困都被消除，这是一个了不起的胜利，给世界留下了深刻的印象。此处修饰谓语动词impressed，应用副词greatly。故填greatly。14．考查名词。句意：这场伟大的胜利增强了人民的得利感、幸福感和安全感。根据空前“gain, happiness and”可知，此处并列连词and连接几个并列的名词作介词of的宾语，safe的名词为safety“安全”。故填safety。 15．issued16．a17．proposal18．when/where19．ourselves20．strictly21．has tightened22．in23．being attached24．addictive【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了国家为了确保未成年人健康发展，出台的对未成年人网络游戏限制的相关政策。15．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据中国国家新闻出版署发布的一项通知，18岁以下的儿童每周最多可以玩3小时的电子游戏。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“will be allowed”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“issue”意为“公布”，动词词性，“notice”与“issue”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，“issue”的过去分词为“issued”。故填issued。16．考查冠词。句意：网络游戏公司被要求在周五、周六、周日和法定假日的晚上8点至9点为未成年人提供服务，作为保障他们身心健康的一种方式。根据句意可知，句中泛指一种方式，故空格处应用不定冠词，“way”单词音标的第一个音素为辅音音素，故应用不定冠词“a”修饰。故填a。17．考查名词。句意：最近提出的限制18岁以下儿童玩电子游戏的建议是一种社会责任政策，在我们所有人都有可能过度沉迷于屏幕和数字内容的时代，这个政策被需要。分析句子可知，“recent”为形容词，后应接名词，在句中作主语，“propose”意为“提议”，动词词性，对应的名词为“proposal”，意为“提议”，为可数名词，根据句中“is”可知，空格处应用“proposal”的单数形式。故填proposal。18．考查定语从句。句意：最近提出的限制18岁以下儿童玩电子游戏的建议是一种社会责任政策，在我们所有人都有可能过度沉迷于屏幕和数字内容的时代，这个政策被需要。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“era”，意为“时代”，当表示时间概念时，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词“when”引导从句，当作为抽象名词表示地点时，表示身处这样一个时代中，在从句中作地点状语，这时用关系副词“where”引导从句。故填when/where。19．考查代词。句意：最近提出的限制18岁以下儿童玩电子游戏的建议是一种社会责任政策，在我们所有人都有可能过度沉迷于屏幕和数字内容的时代，这个政策被需要。分析句子可知，句子主语为“all of us”，空格处为句子宾语，当主语和宾语表达的是一类人时，宾语应用相应人称的反身代词形式，表示“我们自己”过度沉迷于屏幕和数字内容，“we”意为“我们”，为人称代词主格，对应的反身代词为“ourselves”，意为“我们自己”。故填ourselves。20．考查副词。句意：通知说，实名注册和登录将严格执行，并补充说，公司不能向未通过身份验证程序的用户提供游戏。分析句子可知，句中“implemented”为动词，前面要用副词修饰，“strict”意为“严格的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“strictly”，意为“严格地”。故填strictly。21．考查时态。句意：近年来，中国加强了对未成年人网络游戏的控制。根据句意和句中“in recent years”可知，句中动作开始于过去并持续到现在，应用现在完成时，“China”与“has”连用，“tighten”意为“加强”，动词词性，过去分词为“tightened”。故填has tightened。22．考查固定短语。句意：毫无疑问，过度的游戏纯粹是浪费未成年人的时间和精力，对身心健康都有负面影响，但如果孩子们被教导如何以理智和负责任的方式管理游戏，那么游戏就不再是一种威胁。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“in...manner”，意为“以……的方式”，故空格处应用“in”。故填in。23．考查非谓语动词。句意：要做到这一点，家长们需要树立不沉迷于手机的榜样。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“need”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“for”为介词，后应接动名词作宾语，“be attached to”意为“依附于……，沉浸于……”，“parents”与“attach”之间为被动关系，故空格处应用动名词的被动语态“being done”，“attach”的过去分词为“attached”。故填being attached。24．考查形容词。句意：由于在线游戏容易上瘾，游戏行业也应该以对社会负责的方式为儿童提供一个环境，以确保他们的健康和发展，而不是将盈利作为其优先事项。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，在句中作表语，“addict”意为“使沉溺”，动词词性，句子主语“online games”为物，故应用“addictive”，意为“上瘾的，使人入迷的”，形容词词性，修饰物。故填addictive。