英语-2022届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷（广东专用）

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2022届高三下学期开学摸底考试卷（广东专用） 第一部分  阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共1 5小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）    阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、 B、 C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACamps for Grades 6-8Camps for Curious Minds are going virtual! Get ready for hands-on experiences this summer from the comfort of your home. Group sizes are kept small and led by two virtual counselors so that these at-home experiences are interactive and engaging.Art and Animation When：July 27-31 (1-4 pm) , August 10-14 (1-4 pm)Cost： $ 275 / $ 250 PacSci membersCreate and animate a story using different artistic media and styles. Campers will explore physical media to create their art and then choose from a variety of animation styles to trans­late it into a digital animation.Chef UniversityWhen：July 6-10 (9 am-12 pm) , August 3-7 (1-4 pm)Cost： $ 225 / $ 200 PacSci membersGet started learning basic cooking skills such as cutting, sauteing, emulsifying and bak­ing, and about the scientific processes behind some of the most common food phenomena.AnthrozoologyWhen June 29-July 3 (9 am-12 pm) , July 27-31 (1-4 pm) , August. 24-28 (9 ani-12 pm)Cost： $ 225 / $ 200 PacSci membersBe an anthrozoologist for the week, bring your curiosities to life as we discover the relationships between humans and animals! Uncover the worlds of wildlife conservation, veterinary sciences? and zoology. Deepen curiosity about our natural world by creating global solutions to human and wildlife interactions.Ready, Set. ActionWhen： June 22-26 (9 am-12 pm) , July 20-24 (1-4 pm) , August 17-21 (9 am-12 pm)Cost： $ 225 / $ 200 PacSci membersWe're spending so much of our time in front of screens, so let's use them to make some­thing awesome! In just one week, well learn all about movie-making, storyboards, and set­design. We'll explore the possibilities of using video-conference software to create unique and creative short films.1. What does a virtual counselor do?A. Keep you safe at home.B. Involve you in a virtual world.C. Teach you how to edit software.D. Make your home comfortable to live in.2. If you want to learn about cooking in a camp, which time is the most suitable?A. June 22-26 (9 am-12 pm). B. July 6-10 (9 am-12 pm).C. June 29-July 3 (9 am-12 pm). D. August 10-14 (1-4 pm).3. Which camp will you sign up for if you are devoted to animal protection?A. Art and Animation. B. Chef University.C. Anthrozoology. D. Ready, Set, Action.BBefore the 1830s, most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $ 8 to $ 10 a year. Today $ 8 or $ 10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.The trend, then, was toward the "penny paper" — a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible（but not easy）to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830, but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny — usually two or three cents was charged — and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase "penny paper" caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.This new trend of newspapers for "the man on the street" did not begin well. Some of the early ventures（企业）were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.4. Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?A. Unattractive.     B. Academic.    C. Inexpensive.     D. Confidential.5. What did street sales mean to newspapers?A. They would be priced higher.B. They would disappear from cities.C. They could regain public trust.D. They could have more readers. 6. Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?A. Common people.     B. Local politicians.C. Young publishers.     D. Rich businessmen.7. What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?A. It was a robbery of the poor.   B. It was a temporary success.C. It was a difficult process.    D. It was a disaster for printers.CFacial expressions are the primary way people exhibit emotion and read the feelings of others. Happiness,sadness,disgust,fear and surprise can be communicated through facial expressions alone.But when part of the face is masked, it becomes more difficult to recognize these cues.If you cannot read someone else' s emotional state,your ability to empathize with them may be compromised.Likewise,if your own mask is hiding your emotional state,others may not be able to empathize with you.Wearing a mask can also make you feel more distracted and self- conscious, further weakening your connection to others.Fortunately,you can regain some control over communication by working with what you have left-the eyes. If you want to increase understanding with a masked individual, you should look them in the eyes,which may be easier said than done.Eye contact generates self- consciousness, consumes extra brain power and becomes uncomfortable after only three seconds.But bear in mind, eye contact can also make you appear more intelligent and trustworthy.You might be surprised how much information is conveyed by the body itself.For instance,when someone is happy,they stand up straighter,when they are sad,they drop their head; and when they are angry,their whole body tenses up.Learning how people use their bodies to convey emotion may help reduce the uncertainty you feel when communicating with someone in a mask.Become aware of your own body language, too. When engaged in a conversation, you can appear more attentive by turning your body toward the individual, Leaning in or nodding. To let another person know you want to start speaking , straighten your posture, or nod more frequently. Finally, he «ware that imitating the posture of another person can increase how much they like you and even agree with you.By all means, continue the proper measures to keep yourself safe, but don't neglect your relationships as a consequence. Social distance doesn't have to mean socially distant.8.What will happen if you wear a mask?A. Your fear won't be known by others.B. Others will have difficulty understanding you.C.You will lose the ability to empathize with others.D. Others won't focus on your face.9.Why is eye contact difficult?A. It may lead to misunderstanding.B.It requires more brain power.C.It may cause people to believe you less.D. It will result in social distance.10.What does paragraph 4 and 5 mainly talk about?A. Body language is a double-edged sword.B.Body language can convey shocking information.C.We should make good use of body language.D.Be careful with your body language when talking.11.What is the best title of this passage?A.How do people use their bodies to convey emotion?B.Facial expressions,the primary way of human connection.C.Facial expressions,eye contact,body language,which is the best?D.How do we keep socially distant to keep ourselves safe?DMental health is deteriorating(恶化)among young people globally.The incidence of depression and anxiety is increasing, and this not only lowers quality of life, but can have a lasting negative impact as an adolescent reaches adulthood.Many experts are trying to get at the root causes of this decline, in order to find ways to prevent further deterioration and to provide more effective help when needed. Two “emerging determinants of interest” are (a) over use of screen-based technology, and (b) too little time spent in nature. Most research to date has considered these factors independently, but a group of scientists from University of Adelaide recently decided to look at them jointly, to see if the combination of high screen time (ST) and low “green time” (GT), could affect mental wellbeing.The result is published on September 4, 2020, in the scientific journal PLOS One. In it, the researchers analyzed data from 186 studies that looked at children's interactions with screen-based technology and nature and their psychological outcomes, including mental health, cognitive(认知的) functioning, and academic achievement.What they found was that, in general, excessive screen time results in poorer psychological health, whereas green time improves mental wellbeing. Ten years ago in the U.S., the average daily screen time for 8-to-18-year-olds was 7.5 hours. As the study states, “This greatly exceeds recreational ST guidelines of 2 hours or less per day,” and is made even more challenging by the fact that so many schools are using technology to teach classes.While some screen time can be beneficial, such as promoting connections and enabling tasks to be done more efficiently, there are many ways in which it is harmful. Excessive screen time “replaces important protective behaviors for mental health such as physical activity, getting adequate sleep, in-person social interactions, and academic activities.”And yet, when children do go outside, they become more physically active. Their day-night rhythm is regulated, thanks to the exposure to sunlight, thus “encouraging healthy sleep-wake cycles and improved sleep, which is key for psychological well-being.”12. The research of the University of Adelaide is different because________?A. The researchers tried to find the root causes.B. The researchers analyzed large amounts of data.C. The researchers tried to find a solution.D. They combined ST and GT.13. What are the findings of their research?A. Mental health is worsening among young people globally.B. School technology contributes to the most screen time.C. ST and GT have opposite impact on mental health.D. Guidelines of screen time shouldn’t be more than two hours.14. Why does over screen time affect mental health?A. It replaces mentally healthy behaviors.B. There is too much unhealthy information on the screen.C. Teens can’t break away from screen addiction.D. Teens can’t sleep well after screen time.15. What is implied in the passage?A. Over screen time worsens teens’ health.B. Teens need more green time, less screen time.C. Teens should be banned from any screen time.D. Screen-based technology shouldn’t be allowed in schools. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）    阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Be More Curious    Buried in the same daily routines and familiar surroundings, some people may lead an unhappy life．   16    It's a desire to know how and why and a combination of intelligence and hunger for new things. Here are some tips on how to improve curiosity.    You should communicate with others. There is a to-do list on Leonardo da Vinci's notebook. Out of the fifteen tasks on the list, at least eight involve consulting with others. Montaigne once wrote of how travel to different countries allows us to "polish our brains".    17       Why not visit a library? n allows us to meet other unexpected information. You can enter it without purpose.   18    And just follow your curiosity to explore unexpected knowledge. The more you explore, the greater your curiosity will be.   19   With ideas stored in mind, you can mix and re-mix ideas and themes, making new findings and spotting unusual patterns, until a creative breakthrough is achieved, which strengthens your curiosity. Anyone stopping learning for himself because he can search online later is making himself stupid.    Don't just focus on puzzles but on mysteries. Puzzles have clear answers. Once the missing information is found, it's not a puzzle anymore, with curiosity fading away.   20   Because the answers often depend on a complex set of factors, both known and unknown. The most beautiful thing we can experience is mysteries. In the process of finding the answers, they are thes4burce of curiosity.A．Start to search for the books you want or need.B．Unlike puzzles, mysteries don't need answers.C．Mysteries have questions that can't be answered clearly.    D．And that's how Leonardo polished his brain to remain curious.    E．Allow books or things on the bookshelves freely to attract your eye.    F．Putting ideas in your head rather than searching online plays an important part.    G．But we can achieve happiness and more meaning in life if we increase our curiosity. 第二部分  语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。 There once was an ordinary street in the suburbs where no one cared much for their gardens. The lawns were overgrown, the weeds were    21    and the hedges (树篱) desperately needed to be cut back. It looked very    22   . But when the neighbors saw their    23   , they just looked at each other and laughed.It seemed too hard to    24    all the gardens and no one could be bothered to make them better because everyone's garden was    25    terrible. No one felt it was urgent to    26    anything. Then a gardener named Bill moved in. Bill was a    27   , hard-working and patient man who started working in the garden as soon as he    28    in the street. He took his lawn mower (割草机) out to cut back the grass and pulled out all of the weeds. Finally, he took up his gardening and started    29    his hedges, making them look like flowers, plants, stones, balls, etc.Attracted by the    30   , the neighbors walked by and admired the newly manicured (修整的) garden. Over some time, something interesting happened. One by one, the neighbors started to put in more    31    in their own gardens and the sounds of lawn mowers could be heard again. After a few months, the street was    32    from a dirty, unappealing collection of houses to a beautiful avenue that wouldn't be out of place in a stylish magazine.One person's action showed everyone what could be achieved with a little    33    work. It's easy for us to    34    the environment around us because no one else cares about it. Remember what you positively do not only    35    yourself, but also results in a change to the whole world.21．A．taking over       B．dying out C．giving D．falling off22．A．tidy    B．delicate C．familiar D．awful23．A．gardens    B．doors C．roofs D．farms24．A．purchase    B．guard C．clear D．build25．A．scarcely    B．invisibly C．slightly D．equally26．A．keep    B．change C．reach D．defeat27．A．proud    B．casual C．neat D．selfless28．A．settled    B．stepped C．performed D．stood29．A．planting    B．picking  C．watering  D．shaping30．A．office clerk      B．fashion designer  C．landscape gardener  D．street cleaner31．A．furniture    B．staff C．effort D．heat32．A．transformed    B．moved C．enlarged D．passed33．A．mental    B．hard C．corporate D．optional34．A．observe    B．mind C．overlook D．pollute35．A．traps    B．benefits C．defends D．admires 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分is分）    阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。If you take a look around your kitchen or office, chances are ___36___ you’ll notice that you are surrounded by plastic water bottles, take-out cups, plastic grocery bags and food packages. These are all examples of single-use plastic products, which is ___37___ hot topic based on both environmental and health concerns.It’s certainly not realistic ___38___ (remove) all plastic from your life, but some statistics may encourage you to reduce your single-use plastic footprints.The popularity of plastic, which ___39___ (begin) rising in the 1950s, is growing out of control—18.2 trillion pounds of plastic has been produced. And there is no sign of slowing down. Scientists say that another 26.5 trillion pounds will be produced worldwide ___40___ 2050.Every piece of plastic ___41___ (create) will remain in the environment in some form, but if you conveniently throw it out, wind and run-off carry the waste down the sewer(污水管) and directly to the ocean, ___42___ (affect) the marine life including the fish, a main source of food for ___43___ (human).So focused ___44___ (be) the society on making people’s life more convenient in the short term, but in the long run, those everyday conveniences are at the expense of our health. Worried about ____45____ (globe) warming? You should be. 第三部分  写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校将开展音乐选修课课程。即将来校学习的英国交换生 Peter 不知如何选择，请你给他写信提供建议，内容包括：1. 选修课种类介绍。2. 你的建议及理由。参考词汇： 选修课：optional course     民乐 folk music 注意：1. 写作词数应为 80 左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Peter,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua 第二节（满分25分）    阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Having taken part in the inter-school storytelling championship for two times, I was a shining star of my school. When it came to choosing the right candidate to participate in such competitions, I was always the first choice. Naturally , I was once again selected to represent my school in the approaching contest this year. Upon hearing the news that I was chosen again , my classmates and friends acknowledged that I would undoubtedly emerge as the champion again. Consequently , I became conceited. I was so proud that I neglected the importance of practicing for the contest. A week before the contest , my teacher Ms. Sara asked ,＂ Selena , would you like to stand in front of the class to rehearse for the contest?"She had tutored me in the past two competitions and knew how important practice was. " Just imagine you are on stage in the presence of the audience,＂ she added. "I’ m sorry , Ms. Sara ,” I replied. ＂ I have a sore throat. ＂This was the usual lie I would tell whenever my teacher requested me to practice in front of the class. I always found excuses to avoid doing it because I believed that I was the best and the practice was unnecessary. On one occasion, I even told Ms. Sara not to worry too much as I was well prepared for the contest. In fact, I did everything but practice my script. I only managed to glance briefly through the story the day before the contest. As the best storyteller among the students of the local secondary schools , I was too vain to practice and expected everything to be fine. The contest was being held in the local community hall. On the day of the contest , the hall was packed. My school teachers and principal were there along with many of my classmates and schoolmates. I was the eighth contestant out of twenty in total. Those who spoke before me did extremely well. Seeing their fascinating and outstanding performance, I began to lose confidence in myself. My palms sweated heavily and I started to feel nervous. 注意1. 续写词数应为150左右;2. 续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。Paragraph 1:Soon , it was my turn to talk. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Paragraph 2:Finally , results were announced after the contest. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________