热点五 环境保护——2022届中考英语热点聚焦

这是一份热点五 环境保护——2022届中考英语热点聚焦，共13页。试卷主要包含了单选题，完形填空，阅读理解，短文五选五，书面表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
热点五 环境保护
一、单选题
1.If we keep bringing the air pollution to the _______ of the people, the environment will be better.
A.ability B.agreement C.attention D.advantage
2.As the environment continues to improve, our city___________ more people to come in the future.
A. draw B. draws C. will draw D. has drawn
3.Don’t ________ too many trees. They’re good for our environment(环境).
A.sit down B.cut down C.put up D.to cut down
4.The earth is our home. More attention should ________ the environment.
A. pay to protect B. pay to protecting C. be paid to protect D. be paid to protecting
5.________ we have many problems about our environment, some people still continue destroying our earth.
A. Though B. Because C. Once D. If
6.—What can we do ______ the environment?
—We can do it by ______ more trees.
A. protecting; planted B. to protect; planting C. protecting; planting D. to protect; planted
7.To have a better environment, people start to ________ paper, rubber and glass.
A. waste B. develop C. recycle D. produce
8.“Garbage classification (垃圾分类) ”, which will enter Nanjing soon, will make it_______for the citizens to enjoy the good living environment than before.
A.easy B.easier C.easily D.more easily
9.—The environment________ a child’s personality and quality.
—Yes. That’s why Mencius’s (孟子的) mother moved house three times.
A. represents B. shapes C. marks D. records
10.Ant Forest (蚂蚁森林)is a public service activity. It aims to remind people to_____ the environment.
A. get into B. clean up C. care about
二、完形填空
How are you getting on with your subjects? Maybe you are the     1     in your class. In the last few exams one or two even several your classmates     2     higher marks than you. How do you feel? Are you jealous(嫉妒的) of them? Are you     3     them? Please think it over after reading the following text. You will probably learn a lot.
Once a zoologist     4     antelopes(羚羊) which were living on both sides of a river in the Public of South Africa. He discovered that the antelopes on the east side multiplied more and ran faster than     5     on the west.
The zoologist puzzled after long pondering(深思) about the differences. As the two groups of antelopes lived in the same environment and they     6     the same kind of grass.
One year,     7     the help of the Animal Protecting Society, he caught ten antelopes on each side and exchanged them. A year later, the ten antelopes     8     to the west bank multiplied by fourteen while only three remained of the ones sent to the east. Where were the other seven? They had been eaten by wolves!
At last the zoologist understood why the antelopes on the east were stronger. That was because on the east side there     9     a group of wolves-their natural enemy! Not everything is plain sailing in your life. It is your opponents(对手) that     10     you indeed. So thanks must go to your opponents. It's true!
1.A. best     B. top     C. bad     D. excellent
2.A. got     B. had got     C. have got     D. has got
3.A. grateful to     B. afraid of     C. pleased with     D. angry with
4.A. learned     B. found     C. noticed     D. worked on
5.A. the one     B. others     C. those     D. any other
6.A. fed on     B. raised     C. offered     D. grew up
7.A. under     B. for     C. to     D. with
8.A. send     B. sent     C. return     D. returned
9.A. were     B. was     C. had     D. owned
10.A. is raising     B. are raising     C. is improving     D. are improving
三、阅读理解
A
    Wang Junjing is a 13-year-old middle school girl from Beijing. At the age of 4, she happened to know from her father that discarded(丢弃的) batteries(电池) were harmful to the environment. So she began to pick up the batteries on her way to school and around her neighborhood.
    At first, Wang's family, classmates and neighbors didn't understand her, but soon they knew that collecting batteries was good for the environment and began to join her.
    When Wang Junjing was 7, she visited Tibet and found three discarded batteries there. She cried because Tibet was the cleanest place in China in her heart. Since then, she has made up her mind to collect more batteries.
    For the past nine years, Wang Junjing has travelled about 80 000 kilometers around China and collected 130 000 discarded batteries with the help of others. Though she is only a middle school student, she is now a big star in China. Her story makes more and more Chinese people protect the environment.
1. When did Wang Junjing begin to collect discarded batteries?
A. When she was 4. B. When she was 7.
C. When she was 9. D. When she was 13.
2. Who are NOT mentioned in the passage?
A. Wang Junjing's family. B. Wang Junjing's teachers.
C. Wang Junjing's neighbors. D. Wang Junjing's classmates.
3. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Wang Junjing wants to be a famous star in the future.
B. Tibet is the cleanest place in China in Wang Junjing's heart.
C. Wang Junjing's parents don't care about the environment.
D. Wang Junjing went to Tibet in order to collect discarded batteries at first.
B
Do you enjoy travelling? I like travelling. But I noticed that hazy weather（雾霾天气）often appeared in many cities when I went on vacation. The hazy weather in China is much more terrible. It has not only done harm to people's health but also affected the public traffic safety.
Hazy weather affects our life a lot. We must pay attention on hazy days:
●Don't go out. If you have to，please wear a face mask（面罩，口罩）.
●Wash your face and clean your nose as soon as you get back home.
● Try not to exercise outside on hazy days.
● You'd better close the windows on hazy days.
●Drink more water, and eat more fruit and vegetables.
China can't wait another five or ten years to solve the problem. In my opinion, there are many ways for us to protect our environment. First, don't throw rubbish everywhere. Second, go to school or travel to work by bike or by bus instead of driving private cars. Third, join a program to protect the environment. It's our duty to keep our city clean, tidy and beautiful. And everyone should play a part in saving the earth.
1.Which can't we do on hazy days?
A. B. C. D.
2.How many ways does the writer suggest us to protect the environment in our daily life?
A. Two B. Three C. Four D.Five
3.What does the underlined word "private" in the passage mean?
A.豪华的 B.电动的 C. 私人的 D.二手的
4. The writer wants to tell us that
A. we should escape from the city on hazy days
B. how to escape from hazy weather in daily life
C. we needn't worry about hazy weather at all
D. hazy weather is a serious environment problem
C
    All plants and animals are connected and depend on one another. These connections created a web of different kinds of life that are able to protect themselves from damage.(破坏)
    However, population growth and climate change are leading to less biodiversity(生态多样性) and putting humans in danger. So what can we do to help protect biodiversity and our environment?
Be an informed consumer(消费者)
    Avoid buying from companies that do damage to the environment. Remember, companies will sell what people want, so tell companies that you want products that do not hurt our planet
Follow the "Three Rs"
    The less garbage you throw away, the less likely it is that natural habitats(栖息地) will be used for landfills(垃圾填埋). Try to follow the "Three Rs" to produce as less waste as possible.
Reduce: Don’t buy products you don’t need. When you do buy things, try to make choices that lead to a smaller amount of garbage. For example, buy things with a little bit of packaging(包装) or none at all.
Reuse: Throw fewer goods away by using things more than once. One easy example is taking a reusable bag to get grocery store.(杂货店)
Recycle: When you do have to throw something away, recycle it so it can be made into something useful again.
___________​
    Fossil(化石) fuels are bad for the environment. The climate change they cause also leads to habitat loss(丧失) for at-risk animals. So reducing carbon emissions(碳排放) is one effective way to protect biodiversity. You could start by using less energy: Walk or ride your bike instead of driving, and think about green energy like solar power(太阳能)
1.According to the passage, which of these are causing problems for the environment?
A.Population growth and climate change. B.The forming of a web of different living things.
C.Creating more products. D.Turning land into natural habitats.
2.What does the underlined word “informed” probably mean in the passage?
A.being interested in a subject B.having a lot of knowledge about a subject
C.being hard working D.being careful about spending money
3.According to the “Three Rs”,people can do the following things to produce less waste except_______?
A.Buying products you need. B.Using bags that you can use more than once.
C.Buying over-packaged products. D.Recycling what you don’t need.
4.Which of the following should be the best title for the last paragraph?
A.Reduce your carbon emissions B.Look for better fossil fuels
C.Stop climate change. D.Protect at-risk animals
5.What is the purpose of this passage?
A.To remind us about environmental problems.
B.To teach us how to achieve biodiversity.
C.To show us things we can do to protect the environment.
D.To show the importance of developing green energy.
D
    Do you know how many kinds of plants and animals there are in the world? Maybe one million? Two million? No, not even close! Scientists think there are between eight and fourteen million kinds of plants and animals, but we only know about 1. 8 million now. They are slowly finding new kinds all the time, and that's good news for us.
    In 2009, a group of scientists went to the rainforests of Ecuador to search for new kinds of animals. They had to walk silently and look very carefully and, guess what? They found a tiny little frog (蛙) that is smaller than the end of your smallest finger! They found another frog, too. That looks like it is made of glass. The scientists also found seven new kinds of grasshoppers(蚱蜢). Some of them are very beautiful.
    Scientists tell us that frogs and insects(昆虫) are very important. They help to keep our environment clean. We can also use them to make new medicines. Researchers all over the world are working very hard to find new plants and animals every day. But their jobs are getting harder, because forests where these animals live are quickly disappearing and the animals are, too.
1. How many kinds of plants and animals do we know now?
A. Less than 1 million. B. About 1. 8 million.
C. More than 8 million. D. About 14 million.
2. Why did the scientists go to the rainforests of Ecuador in 2009?
A. To learn about the environment there.
B. To take frogs back to their home.
C. To study the differences between frogs.
D. To look for new kinds of animals.
3. The underlined word "them" in Paragraph 3 refers to(指的是) _____.
A. forests B. frogs and insects
C. medicines D. plants and animals
4. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Scientists find new animals B. Protecting the world
C. Researchers develop new medicines D. Travelling in Ecuador
四、短文五选五
Imagine that a boy goes into a shop and buys a T-shirt. The shop assistant (售货员) puts the T-shirt in a plastic bag (塑料袋). ①_______ Most of us have had the same experience. We do the same thing with plastic bags.
    Every day many people throw lots of plastic bags away. It's said that Australians throw about four billion (十亿) bags away a year and Americans throw away about 100 billion a year. So how many plastic bags do people throw away all over the world in a year? ②_______ That's a lot of bags.
    For sure, these bags do no good to the environment. ③_______ In the middle of the Pacific Ocean, there's an area full of rubbish, including plastic bags and other wastes. It takes days to travel through it.
    ④_______ Well, for a start, we can ban (禁止) plastic bags. Coles Bay in Tasmania is one of the first plastic-bag-free towns in the world. Walk into a shop there and try to find a plastic bag. You can't! People put their shopping in cloth bags (布袋) and they reuse the bags again and again. ⑤_______ We can make a difference, too. Just say no to plastic bags!
根据材料内容,从方框中选择合适的句子填入文中空缺处,使材料完整、通顺。
A. So what should we do?
B. At home the boy puts on the T-shirt and throws the bag away.
C. They are dangerous for animals and they pollute beaches and the sea.
D. Coles Bay is a small town, but small things can make a big difference.
E. Nobody really thinks about that, but the number is about 1.2 trillion (1,200,000,000,000)!
五、从方框内所给的选项中选择恰当的句子完成此对话。（有两个多余选项）
A: Hello, Mark! ①______.
B: The beach? Why will you go there, Alan?
A: ②______. We will clean the beach. We will collect plastic waste to recycle, too.
B: Oh, plastic is harmful to the environment.
A: Yes, you’re right. ③______ And it also does harm to the water and the fish. We should care about what happens to the ocean.
B: I agree with you. ④______.
A: We will take all the plastic waste to the recycling station. Then some factories reuse plastic to produce new products.
B: Great! ⑤______. OK?
A: OK. See you tomorrow.
A. I’d like to join you.
B. It pollutes the ocean.
C. What caused the problem?
D. I’m going to do volunteer work.
E. But what will you do with the waste?
F. It’s a very good way to protect the ocean.
G. I’m going to the beach tomorrow morning.
六、根据短文内容,用方框中所给词的适当形式填空,使文章通顺、完整。(每词限用一次,每空填一个单词。)
create  if  clean  cover  recent  use  do  different  catch  community
    Technology is making it easier than ever before for people to protect the environment. For Bryan Kaleta of California, USA, all it takes to make a ①_______ is his phone and a trip to the beach.
    The 20﹣year﹣old student at Pepperdine University enjoys diving(潜水).He also wants to keep the sea clean. ②_______, he turned his hobby into an eco﹣friendly mission(环保任务)!
    One day when Bryan was playing with his phone, a new app called Rubbish ③_______ his eyes. The app calls for people around the world to pick up rubbish in their ④_______. Not only does it organize local clean﹣ups, but it also ⑤_______ long﹣lasting solutions to pollution. All ⑥_______ have to do is connect their phones to the app and start cleaning. That's what encourage Bryan to spend his summer diving for rubbish.
    The app helped Bryan record where he was finding the rubbish and ⑦_______ he had been to this place. With the app, Bryan had so much fun ⑧_______ this seven﹣week search for underwater rubbish. By now, he has ⑨_______ about 20,000 m of San Diego's beaches. Thanks to Bryan, the beaches has become much ⑩_______.
    If you also would like to do something for the earth, just get started today!
七、书面表达
4月22日是世界地球日（The World Earth Day）。假如你是英语校报的编辑李华，请你根据以下信息，在校报上给你的同学们写一封信，向大家介绍世界地球日，并倡议大家共同努力，改善我们生活的环境。
写作要点：
1. 希望全校同学都能积极地保护环境。
2. 介绍世界地球日：
（1）时间：每年的4月22日；
（2）范围：全球；
（3）目的：提高人们对环境问题的认识。
3. 请对中学生如何改善我们生活的环境提出具体建议。
写作要求：
1. 不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。
2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
3. 字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。
4. 至少80词。
Dear classmates,
The World Earth Day is coming.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Let’s protect our environment together!
Yours,
Li Hua





答案以及解析
一、单选题
1.答案：C
解析：句意：如果我们一直让人们关注空气污染，环境会更好。考查名词辨析。ability能力；agreement协议，同意；attention注意，关注；advantage优点，优势。根据"the environment will be better"可推知应该是如果我们一直让人们关注空气污染，环境才会更好，故选C。
2.答案：C
解析：根据in the future，可知时态是一般将来时will+动词原形。故选：C。
3.答案：B
解析：句意:不要砍太多的树。它们对我们的环境有好处。考查动词短语辨析。sit down坐下;cut down砍倒;put up举起。根据“Don’t...too many trees. They’re good for our environment.”可知,不要砍太多的树,用在祈使句中,使用动词原形。故选B。
4.答案：D
解析：句意：地球是我们的家。应该更加注意保护环境。考查动词短语和被动语态。主语More attention是动作pay的承受者，用被动语态should be paid to表示，to是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故选D。
5.答案：A
解析：句意：虽然我们有很多环境问题，但是一些人仍然继续毁坏我们的地球。考查连词。though尽管，虽然；because因为；once一旦；if如果。根据“we have many problems about our environment”可知句子表达让步“虽然我们有很多环境问题”，用连词“though”引导让步状语从句。故选A。
6.答案：B
答案：句意：——我们能做什么来保护环境？——我们可以通过种植更多的树来做到。考查非谓语动词。protect保护；plant种植，根据第一个空前的“What can we do”和空后的“the environment”可知，第一个空用动词不定式表目的，排除A和C，由第二个空前的“by”可知，第二个空应该用动名词作宾语，排除D，故选B。
7.答案：C
解析：句意:为了有一个更好的环境,人们开始回收纸张、橡胶和玻璃。考查动词。waste浪费;develop发展;recycle回收利用;produce生产。根据上文“To have a better environment”可知,为了保护环境,应该是回收利用纸张、橡胶和玻璃。故选C。
8.答案：B
解析：句意：垃圾分类将很快在南京实行，这将使市民能够比以前更容易地享受良好的居住环境。考查it作形式宾语。it作形式宾语的结构为：make it adj. to do sth.，to do是真正的宾语，而且这里的形容词是用来修饰这件事的，所以形容词而不是副词。而且后面有关键词than，因此需要用比较级，故选B。
9.答案：B
解析：句意：——环境塑造一个孩子的性格和品质。——是的，那就是为什么孟子的妈妈要为孟子搬三次家。考查动词辨析。represent代表；shape塑造；mark标记；record记录。根据语境和句意，环境塑造人的性格品质，故先B。
10.答案：C
解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为:“蚂蚁森林” 是一个公共服务活动。它旨在提醒人们关心环境。 get into意为"进入";clean up意为"清理干净";care about意为“关心,在意”。故选C。
二、完形填空
答案：1-5 ACADC 6-10 ADBAD
解析：1.两群羚羊生活在同样的环境中,吃同样的草。生活在东边的羚羊的数量越来越多,而西边羚羊的数量越来越少。原因是生活在东边的羚羊面临着一群狼。故事告诉我们是对手让我们变得更强大,因此,我们要感谢对手。句意:也许你是你班里最好的。A. best最好的,B. top 最高的,C. bad坏的,D. excellent优秀的。根据in your class可知,此处用最高级,故选A。
2.句意:在最近几次考试中,有一两个甚至几个同学的分数比你高。A. got是一般过去时,B. had got 是过去完成时,C. have got 是现在完成时,D. has got是现在完成时。根据in the last few exams可知,此处用现在完成时,主语your classmates是复数形式,谓语用复数形式,故选C。
3.句意:你感激他们吗?A. grateful to 对……表示感激,B. afraid of害怕,C. pleased with对……感到满意,D. angry with生……的气。根据前文的Are you jealous(嫉妒的) of them?可知,羡慕嫉妒他们,因此感激他们,故选A。
4.句意:从前,一位动物学家研究生活在南非一条河两岸的羚羊。A. learned学习,B. found找到,C. noticed注意到,D. worked on从事。结合句意,动物学家从事羚羊的研究,故选D。
5.句意:他发现东边的羚羊比西边的多,跑得也快。A. the one那个,B. others其他的(人或物),C. those那些,D. any other任何其他的,此处代指the antelopes用those,故选C。
6.句意:由于这两群羚羊生活在同一环境中,以同一种草为食。A. fed on以……为食,B. raised提高,C. offered提供,D. grew up长大。根据宾语the same kind of grass可知,此处表示以草为食,故选A。
7.句意:有一年,在动物保护协会的帮助下,他在两边各抓了十只羚羊,并交换了。A. under在…..下面,B. for 为了,C. to向, D. with和……一起。with the help of在……的帮助下,故选D。
8.句意:一年后,被送到西岸的10只羚羊增加了14只,被送到东部的只剩下3只。A. send发送,是动词原形;B. sent发送,是过去分词;C. return 回来,是动词原形;D. returned回来,是过去分词;根据while only three remained of the ones sent to the east.可知,此处表示被送到西岸,故选B。
9.句意:那是因为在东边有一群狼——它们的天敌!A. were是,B. was是,C. had有,D. owned拥有。There be表示存在,主语a group of wolves-their natural enemy是复数形式,谓语用复数形式,故选A。
10.句意:确实是你的对手在提高你。A. is raising正在升起,B. are raising正在升起,C. is improving正在提高,D. are improving正在提高,根据后文的So thanks must go to your opponents.可知,要感谢你的对手,因此你的对手在提高你,主语your opponents是复数形式,谓语用复数形式,故选D。
三、阅读理解
A
答案：1-3 ABB
解析：1.细节理解题。由第一段第二、三句中的“At the age of 4…So she began to pick up the batteries”可知,王君婧从4岁开始收集废弃电池。故选A。
2.细节理解题。由第二段第一句中的“At first, Wang's family, classmates and neighbors didn't understand her”可知,文中提到了王君婧的家人、邻居和同学,没有提到她的老师。故选B。
3.细节理解题。由第三段第二句“She cried because Tibet was the cleanest place in China in her heart.”可知,在王君婧的心里,西藏是中国最干净的地方。故选B。
B
答案：1-4 ABCD
解析：1.图片识别题。句意：在雾霾天气里，那一项我们不能做？A图表示打开窗户通风透气：B图表示洗脸；C图表示喝水、吃水果：D图表示带上防护口罩。作者在短文中谈到在雾霾天气里我们应注意的事项，列出了五点注意，即不要出门。如果不得不出门，要带上面罩：回家之后立即洗脸、清洗鼻孔：在雾霾天气里尽量不要出门锻炼：在雾霾天气里最好关上窗户：多喝水，多吃水果和蔬莱。由此可以判断，A图是雾霾天气里不适当的行为，在雾霾天气里最好要关上窗户，防止雾霾进入室内。故答案选A。
2.细节理解题。句意：作者建议了几种我们在日常生活中保护环境的方式？作者在短文最后一段中提到了三种我们在日常生活中注意环保的小建议，从文中first、second、third可知，故答案选B。
3.词义猜测题。句意：文中画线部分的单词"private"是什么意思？此处是作者对于我们在日常生活中如何注意环保的建议，上学或上班骑车或乘坐公交车，尽量不要开车，通常开车上学或上班应该是属于自己的汽车，结合题中所提供的选项判断，这里应该指私家车，私人用车，作者建议我们出行尽量使用环保的自行车或使用公共交通，汽车无论豪华还是普通车或低档次的车、是否是二手车或新车，只要汽车开动，就会排放汽车尾气，都会对空气产生一定程度的污染，而电动车是使用电瓶充电作为动力的车，相对来说比较环保，不会排放尾气污染空气，可以骑行。故答案选C.
4.主旨大意题。句意：作者想告诉我们什么？本文的主要话题是hazy weather，所有内容都是围绕这个话题展开的，内容主要涉及雾霾天气里我们需要注意的事项，以及在日常生活中我们如何注意环保的小建议。我国的雾霾天气越来越严重，The hazy weather in China is much more terrible.，它影响着人们的健康，也影响着交通安全，It has not only done harm to people's health, but also affected the public traffic safety..；我们的政府要采取措施保护环境，China can't wait another five or ten years to solve the problem.：我们应该从我做起，人人注意环保， In my opinion, there are many ways for us to protect our environment.，It's our duty to keep our city clean, tidy and beautiful.，And everyone should play a part in saving the earth.。从短文中的这些内容可以判断，作者从雾霾天气谈到环保，作者的意图很明显，是想告诉我们雾霾天气是一种环境污染，我们应该注意保护环境。中国很多城市都有雾霾天气，我们无法逃避，escape from the city on hazy days并不现实，也是一种消极的态度；作者在文中提及The hazy weather in China is much more terrible.，如果目的是告诉人们不必担忧雾霾天气，那是前后自相矛盾，所以A、B、C都不是作者原本的意图。故答案选D。
C
答案：1-5 ABCAC
解析：1.推理判断题。根据However, population growth and climate change are leading to less biodiversity(生态多样性) and putting humans in danger.然而,人口增长和气候变化正在导致生物多样性减少,并将人类置于危险之中。可知,人口增长和气候变化对环境造成问题。故选A。
2.词义猜测题。根据Be an informed consumer(消费者). Remember, companies will sell what people want, so tell companies that you want products that do not hurt our planet.做一个_____的消费者。记住,公司会出售人们想要的东西,所以告诉公司你想要的产品不会伤害我们的地球。可知,告诉公司你想要的产品不会伤害我们的地球,说明你是有见识的人。故推测"informed"是"有见识的"意思。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据"Don 't buy products you don't need.不要购买你不需要的产品。" "Throw fewer goods away by using things more than once.通过多次使用物品减少扔掉的物品。" "When you do have to throw something away, recycle it so it can be made into something useful again.当你不得不扔掉某样东西的时候,回收它,这样它就可以再次变成有用的东西。"可知,文章没有提到C项"Buying over packaged products.过度购买包装产品",但符合题意。故选C。
4.标题归纳题。通读最后一段,根据So reducing carbon emissions(碳排放) is one effective way to protect biodiversity.所以减少碳排放是保护生物多样性的有效途径之一。可知,此段主要讲了减少碳的排放,保护我们的环境。故选A。
5.文章目的题。通读全文,根据So what can we do to help protect biodiversity and our environment?那么,我们能做些什么来帮助保护生物的多样性和我们的环境呢?可知,文章的主要目的是提倡我们为保护环境做些事情。故选C。
D
答案：1-4 BDBA
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段第五句“Scientists think there are between eight and fourteen million kinds of plants and animals, but we only know about 1.8 million now.”可知,目前科学家仅了解大约180万种动植物。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“In 2009, a group of scientists went to the rainforests of Ecuador to search for new kinds of animals.”可知,科学家们前往厄瓜多尔的热带雨林是为了寻找新的动物种类。故选D。
3.指代判断题。根据第三段第一至三句“Scientists tell us that frogs and insects(昆虫) are very important. They help to keep our environment clean. We can also use them to make new medicines.”可知,科学家们认为蛙和昆虫很重要,它们有助于保持环境清洁,人类也可以用它们来制造新药。由此可推知,第三段中画线单词“them”指代蛙和昆虫。故选B。
4.标题概括题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了科学家们在厄瓜多尔的热带雨林发现的新物种及这些物种给人类带来的益处。A项“科学家们发现了新型动物”能概括文章大意,适合做本文标题。故选A。
四、短文五选五
答案：BECAD
解析：1. 本题考查细节理解,此段描述了一个男孩购物可能发生的步骤,此空前售货员将商品放入塑料袋,所以这里可能是说男孩回家后穿上衣服就随手把塑料袋扔掉了。故选B。
2. 本题考查细节理解,前文用设问提出了我们每年要扔掉多少塑料袋呢? 所以这里回答了这个设问,没有人认真考虑过这个问题, 但是这个数字大约是1,200,000,000,000个。故选E。
3. 本题考查细节理解,前面表明一个观点,塑料袋污染环境,这里是进一步描述怎么污染的,它们对动物很危险,而且是大海有害。故选C。
4. 本题考查细节理解,该段说明减少塑料袋污染,保护环境的各种方法,这里则是用一个总起句引出后文的具体方法描述,我们应该怎么做呢?故选A。
5. 本题考查细节理解,此部分呼吁人们要采取切实行动来组织塑料袋污染,所以这里是一句呼吁,Coles Bay是一个小城市,但是小事也能造成大的影响。故选D。
五、补全对话
答案：GDBEA
解析：①结合下文The beach? Why will you go there, Alan?"沙滩？为什么要去那儿，艾伦？"结合选项可知，G选项"我明天打算去沙滩。"符合题意。故选G。
②结合上文Why will you go there, Alan?"沙滩？为什么要去那儿，艾伦？"结合选项可知，D选项"我将去做志愿者工作。"符合题意。故选D。
③结合下文，And it also does harm to the water and the fish."它也对水和鱼类有害。"结合选项可知，B选项"它污染海洋。"符合题意。故选B。
④结合下文We will take all the plastic waste to the recycling station."我们将把所有的塑料垃圾带到回收站。"结合选项可知，E选项"但是你们将如何处理垃圾呢？"符合题意。故选E。
⑤结合下文OK?"可以吗？"结合选项可知，A选项"我想加入你们。"符合题意。故选A。
六、短文填空
答案：1. difference 2. Recently 3. caught 4. communities 5. creates 6. users 7. if 8. doing
9. covered 10. cleaner
解析：
(1)difference.考查名词。根据句意:只要他的手机和一次海滩之旅就能让一切变得不同,有影响。
(2)Recently.考查副词。根据句意:最近。recently副词,故填Recently。
(3)caught.考查动词。根据句意:一款名为"垃圾"的新应用程序吸引了他的眼球,这一段都是用的一般过去时态。
(4)communities.考查名词。根据句意:该应用呼吁世界各地的人们在自己的社区里捡垃圾,可数名词,故填communities。
(5)creates.考查动词。根据句意:它不仅组织当地的清理工作。一般现在时,动词要用第三人称单数。
(6)users.考查名词。根据句意:用户所要做的就是将手机连接到应用程序。all所有的后面要加名词复数。
(7)if.考查连词。根据句意:该应用程序帮助布莱恩记录他在哪里找到垃圾。是否。
(8)doing.考查动词。根据句意:有了这个应用。have fun ,做某事很快乐。
(9)covered.考查动词。根据句意:到目前为止。has+过去分词构成现在完成时。
(10)cleaner.考查名词。根据句意:多亏了布莱恩。much用在比较级前加强程度。
七、书面表达
答案：
Dear classmates,
The World Earth Day is coming. It is an international day that usually falls on April 22nd every year. Its goal is to raise people’s awareness about the problems of environment.
According to this goal, there are some ways we can do to improve our living environment. First, we can plant more trees and flowers, which are pleasing to both the environment and us. Second, turn off the lights when we leave the room. It is a good way to save energy as well as money. Third, when we go to school, we can walk or ride a bike instead of taking a car to reduce exhaust gas. I hope all the students in our school will take an active part in protecting the environment.
Let’s protect our environment together!
Yours,
Li Hua