09. 复合句之二名词性从句-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英语直通车

考点归纳、考前巩固、真题链接

 考点归纳

1. 判断句中谓语动词、非谓语动词、连词数量的方法:“结构最大”(Structure First Principle)

 一般情况下，一句句子中只允许有一个谓语动词；若要添加一个谓语动词，则需加入一个连词；若不增加连词，则需将谓语动词转变为非谓语动词；一般情况下，将句中所省略的连词全部补全，若有连词个，则从句有个，谓语动词有个

2. 判断是何种从句的方法:

 从句在整个句子中充当的成分即从句类型，这与连词在从句中充当的成分不同

3. 名词性从句主要包括主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句；可用连接词、连接代词或连接副词引导名词性从句；主要的连接词包括that, whether, if, as if, as though；主要的连接代词包括what, which, who(m), whose, whatever, whichever, who(m)ever；主要的连接副词包括where, when, why, how, wherever, whenever, however
4. 主语从句、表语从句、表语从句的几点说明:

 ⑴ that可用于引导三种从句，引导主语从句、表语从句时不能省略；表语从句中的that除特殊情况，通常能省略；总之，引导这三种从句时，不省略that总是对的

 ⑵ 引导名词性从句时，if与whether不能随意互换，whether的适用范围较大；若①宾语从句作介词的宾语；②主语从句、宾语从句中；③与or not相连时，只能用whether

 ⑶ 感叹句充当宾语从句或表语从句，注意其结构；注意语序

 ⑷ -ever系列(whatever等)既可以引导让步状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句；但no matter系列(no matter what等)只可以引导让步状语从句；区别what与whatever

 ⑸ 可以使用形式主语it占据主语从句位置，使其退至主句后；可以使用形式宾语it占据宾语从句位置，使其退至主句后(相关内容详见it章节)

5. 同位语从句的几点说明:

 ⑴ 同位语从句修饰、说明一个抽象名词，一般由that引导，此时的that不可省略；有时也可为whether和wh- 分句

 ⑵ 区分同位语从句与定语从句: 定语从句与先行词是修饰关系，同位语从句则是等同关系

6. 名词性从句中会“插入”诸如I think, I’m sure等短句表示某人观点，此时句中的疑问语序应给插入语；同位语从句中常有“割裂”现象，为的是保持句子结构的平衡，如

 He bought what I think was a useless book. News came that another shop would be built.

 考前巩固

I. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

1. 地铁运行是否正常对城市交通有很大的影响。(Whether)
2. 无论是谁救了这个溺水的女孩都值得表扬。(worth)
3. 这个罪犯是有罪的这一事实是人所共知的。(the fact)
4. 虽已做好了足够的思想准备，但我们还是被他们所发现的东西着实吓了一跳。(astonish)
5. 昨天他没来校的原因是他昨天生病了。(the reason)

II.  Choose the suitable word from that, whether (if), who, whoever, which, what, whatever, when, where, why, how, because to complete the sentences.

1. Mary lost her parents in a car crash last year. That is _____ her boyfriend wants to keep the poor girl company during Christmas.
2. _____ he began to cough showed a sign of getting sick.
3. _____ the dog can tell things apart relies on _____ well it smells.
4. It is believed _____ animals can’t put _____ they think into words.
5. It is uncertain _____ the old manager will give way to a young man for the moment.
6. The fact _____ digital techniques develop fast brings new life to the traditional industry.
7. New York is _____ headquarters of many international enterprises lie.
8. The development of the city has surpassed _____ we expected.
9. It is reported _____ many Africans are infected with AIDS because of poverty.
10. The computer technology makes _____ the housewives have to do much easier.
11. The measure _____ smoking is not acceptable in public benefits all the local residents.
12. We don’t know _____ many people can be seated in the new hall.
13. He is too shy to expose himself to _____ a large audience can see him.
14. Could you tell me _____ do you think will go abroad on business instead of you?
15. Students may lose interest in _____ they think is boring.
16. _____ suffers from a bad cold stands a chance of death.
17. Have you any idea _____ the traditional education can meet the need of _____ fast the society develops.
18. _____ occupation I should take up becomes a serious question since I’m growing up.
19. _____ the teacher told him made a great impact on _____ he did it.
20. _____ he is doing is just for fun.
21. The painter came from _____ Michelangelo once lived.
22. It was difficult for us to imagine _____ Michelangelo endured to finish the painting of the chapel.
23. He turned down the task _____ he should paint the ceiling of the chapel alone.
24. It seems _____ asking about other’s private affairs is improper in any situation.
25. _____ he may get upset when communicating with others tends to be no doubt.
26. My boss is having a hard time with his son lately. That’s _____ he always puts on a stiff face in public these days.
27. My birthday falls on _____ Chopin was born.
28. They celebrated their sixth anniversary in _____ they had met for the first time.
29. Computer problems are growing, which is _____ there are more and more hackers committing crimes.
30. _____ you will succeed has to connect with _____ decision you make.

 真题链接

III.  Choose the best answer.

1. We were all very worried over the fact _____ you were ill.

 A. that B. what C. which D. about which

2. The news _____ Lincoln was murdered filled the American people’s hearts with deep sorrow.

 A. which B. when C. that D. how

3. This is _____.

 A. how did they got to the city B. what did they get to the city
 C. how they got to the city D. what they got to the city

4. It looks _____ it’s going to rain.

 A. that B. as C. as if D. that

5. The reason for his success is _____ he worked hard.

 A. why B. that C. because D. for

6. The truth is _____ he doesn’t work hard enough.

 A. why B. what C. that D. which

7. Einstein’s most famous theory is _____ we call the Theory of Relativity.

 A. what B. that C. which D. /

8. To tell you the truth, this is _____ in the world.

 A. which I have B. that I have C. what I have D. whether I have

9. China isn’t _____ she used to be.

 A. that B. what C. where D. how

10. _____ makes mistakes must correct them.

 A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever

11. It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning grey.

 A. while B. that C. if D. for

12. Henry killed the dog. I’ll ask him why _____.

 A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so

13. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know _____.

 A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along
 C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along

14. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____ he or she wants.

 A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

15. He asked me _____ with me.

 A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is

16. I am sure _____ he said is true.

 A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what

17. _____ is no reason for dismissing her.

 A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late
 C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late

18. Why the explosion occurred was _____ the laboratory attendant had been careless.

 A. for B. because C. since D. that

19. I don’t doubt _____ he’ll come.

 A. that B. if C. what D. whether

20. Could you tell me _____ you have bought this fur coat?

 A. in which B. for whom C. by whom D. through which

21. We have plenty of books here. You may take _____ you like most.

 A. whatever B. no matter what C. whichever D. no matter which

22. It depends on _____ we have enough time.

 A. if B. weather C. if or not D. whether

23. I am not quite sure _____ he will come or not.

 A. when B. what time C. weather D. whether

24. You have no idea _____ for her safety.

 A. how anxious I have been B. so anxious I have been
 C. how I have been anxious D. I have been so anxious

25. Now we can see _____ problem the population is.

 A. a what serious B. such serious a C. how serious a D. so a serious

26. I couldn’t agree with _____ at the meeting.

 A. that you said B. all what you said C. which you said D. what you said

27. _____ you go or stay at home won’t make any difference.

 A. If B. When C. That D. Whether

28. Is _____ you told me really true?

 A. what B. which C. that D. when

29. There’s a feeling in me _____ we’ll never know what a UFO is — not ever.

 A. that B. which C. of which D. what

30. Perseverance is a kind of quality — and that’s _____ it takes to do anything well.

 A. what B. that C. which D. why

31. _____ knowledge comes from practice is known to all.

 A. What B. Where C. If D. That

32. _____ is known to all that WTO stands for World Trade Organization.

 A. Which B. What C. As D. It

33. – Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she’s now buying a big house.
    – Yes. Because she’s always saved _____.

 A. what little she earns B. how little she earns C. for little she earns D. with little she earns

34. _____ surprised me most was _____ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.

 A. That…what B. What…that C. That…which D. What…which

35. She is pleased with what you have given him and _____ you have told him.

 A. that B. which C. all what D. all that

36. This book will show you _____ can be used in other contexts.

 A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed
 C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed

37. Where do you think _____?

 A. has he gone B. has he been C. he’s gone D. was he

38. Do you know _____?

 A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the world
 C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is

39. The subject (主语) of “What is interesting is that I do not even know him.” is _____.

 A. what B. interesting C. What is interesting D. I

40. He didn’t know which room _____.

 A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in

41. We know little about the young lady except _____ you told me.

 A. what B. how C. that D. /

42. We know little about the young lady except _____ she is from Canada.

 A. what B. how C. that D. /

43. Father made a promise _____ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.

 A. that B. if C. whether D. that if

44. The reason _____ she gave for her absence was _____ the heavy snow prevented her coming.

 A. /…because B. why…because C. /…that D. why…whether

45. _____ is the most useful invention?

 A. Do you think which of these B. Which of these do you think
 C. Which of these you think D. You think which of these

46. This is the nicest hotel _____ I have ever stayed so far.

 A. that B. where C. which D. /

47. It’s not yet clear _____ of those will be chosen to do the job.

 A. that B. whom C. which D. whose

48. The possibility _____ the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

 A. which B. / C. that D. what

49. He doesn’t know _____ is _____ he was born.

 A. that…where B. that…what C. where…that D. what…where

50. _____ is still a secret when the president will make a public speech.

 A. That B. He C. What D. It

51. These photographs will show you _____.

 A. what our village looks like B. what does our village look like
 C. how our village looks like D. how does our village look like

52. I believe _____ you’ve done your best and _____ things will improve.

 A. that…/ B. /…/ C. what…that D. /…that

53. The city is no longer _____.

 A. what it is B. what it is used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be

54. _____ did he tell his wife _____ he wished to do?

 A. That…what B. What…that C. Where…which D. Which…where

55. Is this _____ we met each other two years ago?

 A. place B. place in which C. where D. place which

56. It _____ Bob drives badly.

 A. thinks that B. is thought what C. thought that D. is thought that

57. We all know the truth _____ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.

 A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever

58. _____ they don’t like us is very clear.

 A. Whether B. That C. What D. Where

59. Has it been announced _____ the planes are to take off?

 A. when B. if C. which D. what

60. I don’t doubt _____ he will come.

 A. that B. if C. weather D. whether

61. – Little Tom got an “A” in the exam. – _____ he’s been so happy these days.

 A. No wonder B. I wonder why C. It is a wonder D. Because

62. You will realize _____ breaks the law will be punished.

 A. that those who B. that those that C. whoever D. those whoever

63. – I misspelled a word here in the sentence. – Well, that’s _____ you were mistaken.

 A. why B. what C. where D. why

64. _____ is to do good all one’s life and never do anything bad.

 A. Whichever is hard  B. No matter what is hard
 C. What is hard  D. All what is hard

65. You can’t imagine _____ when they received these nice Christmas presents.

 A. how they were excited  B. how excited they were
 C. how excited were they D. they were how excited

66. _____ the house will be built will be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting.

 A. If B. Where C. That D. What

67. _____ makes mistakes must correct them.

 A. Who B. Anyone C. Whoever D. Anybody

68. _____ he does has nothing to do with me.

 A. Whatever B. No matter what C. That D. If

69. Energy is _____ makes thing work.

 A. what B. something C. anything D. that

70. Information has already been put forward _____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

 A. while B. that C. when D. as

71. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear _____ he would die of the disease.

 A. that B. which C. of which D. of that

72. _____ more countries can use natural energy in the future remains to be seen.

 A. Whether B. This C. Who D. If

73. _____ all the inventions have in common is _____ they have succeeded.

 A. What…what B. That…that C. What…that D. That…what

74. Thinking _____ you know _____ in fact you don’t is a terrible mistake.

 A. that…what B. what…what C. that…what D. what…that

75. _____ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.

 A. What B. That C. When D. Because

76. – What were you trying to prove to the police? – _____ I was last night.

 A. That B. When C. Where D. What

77. After _____ seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.

 A. which B. it C. what D. that

78. The traditional view is _____ we sleep because our brain id “programmed” to make us do so.

 A. when B. why C. whether D. that

79. Could I speak to _____ is in charge of International Sales, please?

 A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. that

80. It is none of your business _____ other people think about you. Believe yourself!

 A. how B. what C. which D. when

81. Choosing the right dictionary depends on _____ you want to use it for.

 A. what B. why C. how D. whether

82. _____ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.

 A. That B. Which C. What D. As

83. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of _____ you read.

 A. that B. what C. which D. whether

84. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make _____ it is.

 A. what B. which C. how D. where

85. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s _____ the best jobs are.

 A. where B. what C. when D. why

86. The question occurred to me _____ we were to get the machines needed.

 A. that B. what C. why D. where

87. _____ made the school proud was _____ more than 90% of the students had been admitted to key universities.

 A. What…because B. What…that C. That…what D. That…because

88. Is it true _____ the rain stops, it will be as hot as in the summer here?

 A. when B. whenever C. that when D. that

89. The way he did it was different _____ we were used to.

 A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which

90. Do you have any idea _____ is actually going on in the classroom?

 A. that B. what C. as D. which

91. It’s no longer a question now _____ man can land on the moon.

 A. that B. which C. whether D. what

92. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt _____ a cure for AIDS will be found.

 A. which B. that C. what D. whether

93. _____ you’ll be able to succeed mainly depends on _____ you do and _____ you do it.

 A. If…what…why  B. Whether…how…why 
 C. That…whether…how  D. Whether…what…how

94. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize _____ silly mistakes I had made.

 A. what B. that C. how D. which

95. Water will continue to be _____ it is today next in importance to oxygen.

 A. how B. which C. what D. as

96. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed.

 A. as B. which C. what D. that

97. _____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.

 A. What B. That C. This D. Which

98. _____ a terrible storm would take place in Hainan.

 A. Word came which B. Word came that C. Word that came D. Words came that

99. It matters little _____ a man dies, but _____ matters much is _____ he lives.

 A. how…what…how B. how…it…how C. why…it…why D. that…what…that

100. Those who were left alone in the cave knew better than the others _____ sounds bats in the dark made.

1. what frightened     B. how frightened     C. what frightening     D. how frightening

答案：

考前巩固

I. 1. Whether the metro runs properly or not has a great impact on the traffic of the city.

 2. Whoever has saved the drowning girl is worth praising.

 3. The fact that the criminal was guilty was known to everyone.

 4. We were greatly astonished by what they found, though we had made enough preparations for it in mind.

 5. The reason why he was absent from school yesterday was that he fell ill.

II. 1. why 2. That 3. Whether…how 4. that…what

 5. whether 6. that 7. where 8. what

 9. that 10. what 11. that 12. how

 13. where 14. who 15. whatever 16. Whoever

 17. whether…how 18. What 19. What…how 20. What

 21. where 22. what 23. that 24. that

 25. That 26. why 27. when 28. where

 29. because 30. Whether…what

真题链接

III. 1~10   ACCCB   CACBC     11~20  BBABC   DCDAB

 21~30  CDDAC  DDAAA     31~40  DDABD BCDCB

 41~50  ACDCB   BCCAD     51~60  ADDBC DDBAA

 61~70  ACCCB   BCAAB     71~80  AACCB CCDCB

 81~90  ACBAA  DBCCB     91~100 ABDAC CBBAC