第1部分——形容词 VS 副词-2022届高考英语短文改错题型攻克

这是一份第1部分——形容词 VS 副词-2022届高考英语短文改错题型攻克，共13页。学案主要包含了名词相关等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（一）形容词VS副词
考点目录：
1、形容词⇌副词
2、比较级⇌最高级⇌原级
3、特殊副词
4、特殊形容词
5、形容词⇌名词
6、常考单词及结构
1、形容词⇌副词
——语法本质：
形容词、副词语法作用：
1、形容词语法作用（1个）：修饰名词。
2、副词语法作用（4个）：
= 1 \* GB3 ①修饰动词I lve yu much.
= 2 \* GB3 ②修饰副词I lve yu very much.
= 3 \* GB3 ③修饰形容词I am very lvely.
= 4 \* GB3 ④修饰句子Certainly, I lve yu.
——析错：英文中形容词/副词的语法用法与中文类似，比较好理解。不过与中文形容词/副词相比，英文中的形容词/副词在修饰其他词时其位置比较灵活，尤其是副词。
——识错：
（1）常规考查方位
1）adj.⇌adv.
①完整句子+adj.→完整句子+adv.
②adj.+ v. / v.+adj.→adv.+ v. / v.+adv.
③adj.,+句子→adv.,+句子
2）adv.→adj.
①adv.+ n.→adj.+ n.
②主+系+ adv.→主+系+adj.
——试错（P10）：
He happy agreed.
A yung baby gains weight very quick.
It might be harder t d nrmally things.
Truly friendship is based n mutual respect and care.
Cuntries benefit great frm hsting an Olympic Games.
It’s als rude t take phtgraphs while eating r eat nisy.
S every runner was jumping arund trying t stay warmly.
I realized that even with big pay checks I didn’t feel successfully.
Paul stpped immediate, jumped in frnt f the sprts car and tried t stp it.
The keys t stay at a healthy weight are regularly exercise and gd eating habits.
（2）陷阱考查方位：
1）主+ 系+ adj.+ v.→主+ be+ adv.+ v.
2）主+系+ adj.+ adj.→主+系+ adv.+ adj.
3）主+系+ adv.+ adv.→主+系+ adv.+ adj.
4）不定代词+ adv.→不定代词+ adj.
5）主+ find/make/keep/get/like+n.+ adv.→主+ find/make/keep/get/let/like+n.+ adj.
附：系动词表
状态系动词：be
保持系动词：keep, stay, remain, rest, lie, stand
变化系动词：becme, turn, get, grw, cme, g, fall, run
感官系动词：lk, sund, smell, taste, feel
终止系动词：prve, turn ut：“证实”“变成”
表象系动词：appear, seem
——试错（P10）：
Yu’re warm welcme.
His bss gt very angrily.
I fund the atmsphere quite strangely.
It was quite bviusly that her leg was brken.
In their pinin, the strict training in the army will be great beneficial t me.
He’d bviusly seen smething strangely in the sky because he was pinting up.
2、比较级⇌最高级⇌原级
——语法本质：
指形容词或副词所表示的质、量或关系的增加。比较级就是将两者进行比较产生的词形，而三者及以上的比较就产生了最高级。
——析错：“含义+结构”的组合：1. 没含义变原级；2. 有含义变结构
（1）比较级/最高级使用的前提条件：要有比较或最高的含义。
（2）结构：
1）比较级完整结构（5种）
高级比较
= 1 \* GB3 ①-er than
= 2 \* GB3 ②mre + adj./adv. than

次级比较
= 3 \* GB3 ③less+ adj./adv. than

同级比较
= 4 \* GB3 ④as+ adj./adv. as
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤the + n. f
2）比较级特殊结构（4种）
a. 越来越…：比较级and比较级；
b. 越…,就越…：The +比较级，the +比较级；
c. 非常，不仅：mre than；
d. 更糟的是：t make matters wrse。
3） 最高级完整结构
(the) + 最高级 + f/in/其他介词+范围
——识错：
1、没有含义，却有结构：比较级或最高级结构→原级；
2、有含义，却没有结构：原级→比较级或最高级结构；
3、有含义，也有结构：颠倒含义或补全结构。
——试错（P10）：
Thugh I earned little than befre, I was much mre cntent.
Mst babies weigh less than 10 punds and smetimes as little 3 r 4 punds.
The party lasted far lng than expected as they were having s much fun.
Scientists think that the better smene listens, the much cnnected that persn feels with the persn wh is talking.
It is an internatinal trade fair held in China with the lngest histry, largest scale, many kinds f cmmdities and largest number f participating business peple.
Many peple are cncerned abut disabled peple, s they give mney t them. But the disabled peple may want cmmunicatin with rdinary peple even less than mney.
3、特殊副词
（1）high Vs highly
high(adj./ adv.)
highly(adv.)“非常、高度地”
（2）wide Vs widely
wide(adj./ adv.)
widely(adv.)“广泛地”
（3）hard Vs hardly
hard(adj./adv.)
hardly (adv.)“几乎不”
near Vs nearly
near(adj./adv.)
nearly(adv.)“几乎”
（5）late Vs lately
late(adj./adv.)
lately(adv.)“最近地”
——析错：识别→辨析
——试错（P11）：
I had t try hardly nt t laugh at her shcked face!
Shakespeare’s wrks have been wide read all ver the wrld.
Our head teacher spke high f Tm’s brave behavir when facing the thief.
4、特殊形容词：
——识错：
以ly结尾的形容词
friendly, deadly, lvely, lnely, likely, lively, ugly, brtherly为形容词。
“使…怎么样”含义的动词变形作形容词:
(1) -ing形式：表示“令人”
(2) -ed形式：表示“感到”
（1）使...惊讶： = 1 \* GB3 ①surprise = 2 \* GB3 ②shck = 3 \* GB3 ③amaze = 4 \* GB3 ④astnish
= 5 \* GB3 ⑤shake
（2）使...害怕： = 1 \* GB3 ①terrify = 2 \* GB3 ②scare = 3 \* GB3 ③frighten = 4 \* GB3 ④thrill
（3）使...开心： = 1 \* GB3 ①please = 2 \* GB3 ②amuse = 3 \* GB3 ③delight = 4 \* GB3 ④entertain
（4）使...劳累： = 1 \* GB3 ①tire (tiresme: 讨厌的) = 2 \* GB3 ②exhaust
（5）使...感动： = 1 \* GB3 ①mve = 2 \* GB3 ②tuch
（6）使...困惑： = 1 \* GB3 ①puzzle = 2 \* GB3 ②cnfuse
（7）使...受鼓舞： = 1 \* GB3 ①encurage = 2 \* GB3 ②inspire③discurage
（8）使...感兴趣：①interest②excite③relax
（9）使...无聊：①bre；②anny
（10）使...满意：①satisfy②disappint
（11）使...着迷：①fascinate②impress
（12）使...窘迫：①embarrass②wrry③disturb④truble
⑤upset⑥depress⑦disgust⑧frustrate
⑨cnvince
——析错：识别→辨析
——试错（P11）：
I’m really puzzling.
Then he said smething surprised.
Tiring thugh I was when I finally gt hme.
The meal cnversatins and the bnding were amazed.
As yu knw, I’m quite interesting in cmputer science.
That made me cnfusing, because they wuld talk t me befre.
The reprt was s interested that he frgt t get ff at his statins.
What makes us mre exciting is that yu’d like us t be yur hst family.
In ther wrds, yga can help yur bdy stay relaxing when things heat up.
When yu play with yur friends again, they’ll be amazing at what yu can d.
5、形容词⇌名词
——语法本质
（1）形容词：语法成分上作定语或表语，修饰名词，表示名词的特征。
（2）名词：语法成分上作主语、宾语或表语，表示另一名词的本质。
——析错：形容词、名词混用（中文注重语意，在翻译时会忽略其语法成分）
——识错：
① n. + n. → adj. + n.
② 主语+系动词+ n. → 主语+系动词+ adj.
③ 主语+系动词+ adj. → 主+系动词+ n.
④ a/an/the + adj.+ f → a/an/the + n. + f
——试错（P11）：
It will be a big surprising fr them
I fund the test difficulty, but I tried hard t d it.
I am awfully tired, but I knw I’ll never fall sleep.
Als, the sprt teaches us the imprtant f bedience.
He has ruined his healthy. We are wrried abut him.
My uncle tells me that the key t his success is hnest.
I nticed that the carriage was nise and filled with peple.
My brther Tm was very selfish. But he is difference nw.
There have been reprts in America abut peple trying t steal persn infrmatin fr bad purpse.
6、常考单词及结构（P12）
1）many ⇌ much
① She didn’t talk many.
② Much rare animals are dying ut.
③ We dn’t need t d s many hmewrk.
④ It des nt cst many, yet yu can still learn a lt.
⑤ Yu remind me s many f my mther. May I hug yu?
⑥ I understd that he missed us just as many as we missed him.
⑦ Smetimes we have dzens f peple and smetimes nt t much.
⑧ T make ur life easier and happier, we can never have t much friends.
2）gd ⇌ well
① They’re cheap and they really taste well.
② I have already studied English fr eight years, but I can’t use it very gd.
③ It was nt easy t get in tuch with everybdy and set a well time fr all f us.
④ Secnd, I will learn mre abut the histry f the Olympics as gd as the 2008 Olympic Games.
3）befre ⇌ ag
① Tw years befre, I traveled t Brazil and I rented a car.
② We had guests last night wh had nt stayed in a B＆B htel ag.
③ On my birthday tw years befre, many special things happened t me.
4）smetime ⇌ smetimes
I hpe yu will cme t China again smetimes in the future.
5）介词+this/that/next/last/every+时间名词
① My sccer cach retired in last week.
② In fact they are planning t visit China in next year.
③ I’m really srry that I wn’t be able t cme in this time.
6）even ⇌ althugh/thugh
① Her hair was black and purple, and she wre black sprts shes and a black sweater, althugh in the summer.
② Yu can find all kinds f infrmatin in just a few minutes n the Internet. It's like ging t a huge library withut having t walk arund t find yur bk. Recently even thugh, s many peple have been discussing the dangers f the Internet.
7）first ⇌ firstly
It makes us aware f the fact that safety shuld always cme firstly in ur daily life.
8）late/after ⇌ /later
① My father was pleased when I shwed him the mney a mnth after.
② When I was a very yung child, my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.
9）t ⇌ either
① The ther man had been in the restaurant, either.
② I’ll als d plenty f exercise, which wn’t d me any harm t.
10）very much+adj./s much+adj.→very/s
That is because we are all very much active and the activities are enjyable.
11）s ⇌ such ⇌ t
① It was such much fun.
② Hwever, my parents didn’t seem t think such.
③ I have never seen s a gd teacher like her befre.
④ At night, I was smetimes very tired t d my hmewrk.
⑤ Imprving campus safety is very imprtant that we all shuld d ur bit.
⑥ Besides, middle schl students are still s yung t lk after themselves abrad.
12）n ⇌ nt
Befre yu came t teach us, I had nt interest in English.参考答案及解析
1、形容词⇌副词
（1）常规考查方位
1. happy→happily。happily修饰其后动词agreed。
2. quick→quickly。quickly修饰谓语动词gains。
3. nrmally→nrmal。nrmal修饰其后名词things。
4. Truly→True。True修饰其后名词friendship。
5. great→greatly。greatly修饰谓语动词benefit。
6. nisy→nisily。nisy修饰前面动词eat。
7. warmly→warm。warm在系动词stay后，且修饰主语runner。
8. successfully→successful。successful在系动词feel后，且修饰主语I。
9. immediate→immediately。immediately修饰谓语动词stpped。
（2）陷阱考查方位：
1. warm→warmly。warmly修饰其后形容词welcme。
2. angrily→angry。angry在系动词gt后，且修饰主语bss。
3. strangely→strange。strange作宾补修饰前面宾语atmsphere。
4. bviusly→bvius。bvius在系动词was后，且修饰主语It.
5. great→greatly。greatly修饰其后形容词beneficial。
6. strangely→strange。strange做后置定语，修饰其不定代词smething。
2、比较级⇌最高级⇌原级
1. little→less。句中有比较级结构than，且句意有比较含义。
2. little后加as。根据语意，需要使用“同级比较”，构成结构：as little as。
3. lng→lnger。句中有比较级结构than，且句意需要比较。
4. much→mre。比较级特殊结构：the +比较级，the +比较级。
5. many→mst。and并列多个最高级，形式保持一致。
6. less→mre。句中有比较级结构than，且根据句意，需要“高级比较”含义。
3、特殊副词
1. hardly→hard。根据语意，应为“努力”尝试。
2. wide→widely。根据语意，应为“广泛地”阅读。
3. high→highly。根据语意，应为“高度地”赞扬。
4、特殊形容词：
1. puzzling→puzzled。puzzled修饰主语I，意为“感到困惑”。
2. surprised→surprising。surprising修饰smething，意为“令人惊讶的”。
3. Tiring→Tired。Tired修饰主语I，意为“感到疲倦”。
4. amazed→amazing。amazing修饰前面两个并列主语，意为“令人惊奇”。
5. interesting→interested。interested修饰主语I，意为“感兴趣”。
6. cnfusing→cnfused。cnfused修饰主语me，意为“感到困惑”。
7. interested→interesting。interesting修饰主语the reprt，意为“有趣”。
8. exciting→excited。excited修饰us，意为“感到兴奋”。
9. relaxing→relaxed。relaxed修饰bdy，意为“放松”。
10. amazing→amazed。amazed修饰主语they,意为“令人惊奇”。
5、形容词⇌名词
1. surprising→surprise。surprise作句子名词表语（本质），意为“惊喜”。
2. difficulty→difficult。difficult作宾补，修饰test，意为“困难的”。
3. sleep→asleep。asleep作句子形容词表语（特征），意为“睡着”。
4. imprtant→imprtance。imprtance作teach的宾语，须用名词。
5. healthy→health。health作ruined宾语，须用名词。
6. hnest→hnesty。hnesty作句子名词表语（本质），意为“诚实”。
7. nise→nisy。nisy作句子形容词表语（特征），意为“喧嚣的”。
8. difference→different。different作句子形容词表语（特征），意为“不同的”。
9. persn→persnal。形容词persnal作定语（特征），修饰infrmatin，意为“个人的”。
6、常考单词及结构
1）many ⇌ much
① many→much。much作副词修饰动词talk。
② Much→Many。Many修饰复数名词animals。
③ many→much。much修饰不可数名词hmewrk。
④ many→much。much作代词指代mney。
⑤ many→much。much作副词修饰动词remind。
⑥ many→much。much作副词修饰动词missed。
⑦ much→many。many作代词指代peple。
⑧ much→many。many作形容词修饰复数名词friends。
2）gd ⇌ well
① well→gd。gd作表语修饰主语they。
② gd→well。well作副词修饰动词use。
③ well→gd。gd作定语修饰time。
④ gd→well。well做副词修饰动词learn。
3）befre ⇌ ag
① befre→ag。时间+ag，用于一般过去时。
② ag→befre。befre单独用于完成时。本句用于过去完成时。
③ befre→ag。时间+ag，用于一般过去时。
4）smetime ⇌ smetimes
smetimes→smetime。smetime表示将来的“某时”。而smetimes表示“偶尔”。
5）介词+this/that/next/last/every+时间名词
① 去掉in。“last+时间”前一般不用介词。
② 去掉in。“next+时间”前一般不用介词。
③ 去掉in。“this+时间”前一般不用介词。
6）even ⇌ althugh/thugh
① althugh→even。althugh与even词义相近，但为althugh连接词，需要连接两个句子，而even为副词无需连接此句。
② 去掉even。thugh在此句中为副词，意为“然而”，其后常有逗号。
7）first ⇌ firstly
firstly→first。first这里体现“重要性”，而firstly主要体现顺序上的“第一”。
8）late ⇌ after/later
① after→later。after与later意思相近，都可表示“之后”。但after为介词或连接词，不做副词状语，而later可以。
② late→later。later与later形式相似，但含义不同。late表示“晚的”、“迟的”，later则表示“稍后”、“之后”。
9）t ⇌ either
① either→t。此句为肯定句，故用t表示“也”。
② t→either。此句为否定句，故用either表示“也”，
10）very much+adj./s much+adj.→very/s
去掉much。固定用法。
11）s ⇌ such ⇌ t
① such→s。such为形容词，而此句需要用副词s修饰形容词much。
② such→s。固定表达。
③ s→such。此句须用形容词such修饰teacher。
④ very→t。t与后面的t构成搭配“”，意为“太……而不能……”。
⑤ very→s。s与后面的that构成搭配“”，意为“太……以至于……”。
⑥ s→t。t与后面的t构成搭配“”，意为“太……而不能……”。
12）n ⇌ nt
nt→n。nt为副词，而此句需用用形容词n修饰名词interest。