北师大版 (2019)必修 第一册Lesson 2 Rules of the Game教课内容ppt课件

LESSON 2　RULES OF THE GAME

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

If you thought the game of football couldn't get any better, think again.Learn something about Bubble football (泡泡足球)，a new sport that combines the popular game of football with zorbing (滚人球运动)．

Bubble football is the brainchild of Henrik Elvestad and Johan Golden，two wacky Norwegians who thought football would be even more entertaining if players were wrapped in clear plastic zorbing balls.The first ever match was broadcast on Norwegian TV show Golden Goal at the end of 2011，but after being posted on YouTube，the sport spread throughout Europe like wildfire.In the last few years，bubble football matches have been held everywhere from Italy to Latvia，and there are now even online store selling and renting equipment to anyone willing to try it.

The rules of the game are almost the same as normal football.But teams struggle to score as many goals as possible，except that in this case they also try to knock down their competitors along the way.

Scoring goals is hard enough in normal football matches，but it's almost impossible when you have an inflatable (可充气的) plastic bubble covering your entire upper­body.Your hands are locked in a fixed position，so you're not able to use them for balance，but that's exactly what makes bubble football so fun.Opponents try to knock each other out by bouncing into one another to get possession of the ball but injuries are rare as the balls offer plenty of protection.Bubble football is pretty tough to explain with words，but luckily we have a few videos that do a better job of revealing what this new sport craze is all about.

As much as we love watching these big guys chase after balls.It's even more fun watching them bounce around upside down with legs stuck in the air.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由两位挪威人发明的泡泡足球运动的有关情况。

1．When did bubble football become popular?

A．Shortly after it was broadcast on the TV show Golden Goal.

B．After the game was uploaded on the Internet.

C．After online stores sell related equipment.

D．After it reached Italy and Latvia.

解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的but after being posted on YouTube, the sport spread throughout Europe like wildfire可知，这项运动在网上发布之后才开始在欧洲流行。故选B。

2．The underlined word “wacky” is closest in meaning to “________”．

A．strange 　B．energetic

C．wealthy   D．brilliant

解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词之后的players were wrapped in clear plastic zorbing balls可知，选手要被包裹在透明塑料球里面踢球，由此可以推断他们的这一想法是古怪的。故选A。

3．Unlike normal football, Bubble football players can ________.

A．score as many goals as they can

B．touch the ball with their hands

C．knock down the players of the other team

D．get out of the zorbing balls

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的they also try to knock down their competitors along the way可知，选手们可以撞倒其他队的队员。故选C。

B

Like all big cities, Paris has a traffic problem: lots of cars, lots of traffic jams (阻塞) and lots of pollution from exhaust fumes (废气). So the city began a scheme (计划) to improve the situation.

Under the Velib scheme (‘Velib’ comes from vélo liberté， or ‘bicycle freedom’) people can take a bicycle, use it for as long as they want, and then leave it at the same or another bicycle station. The first half­hour on the bike is free, but if you don't return it after 30 minutes, you have to pay. But it's only 1 a day or 29 a year！The bicycles are heavy (25 kg), and they are all grey and have baskets. There are about 20,000 of them in the city, and around 1,450 bicycle stations. So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations!

Paris is not the first city to have a scheme like this. But not everybody thinks it's a great idea. One Parisian said, “These bicycles are only for short journeys. If people want to travel across the city, they won't use a bicycle — they'll still use their cars.”

A city spokesman said, “The bicycle scheme won't solve all our traffic problems, of course. But it might help reduce air pollution. Traffic, together with factory fumes, is a big problem. There aren't any simple answers to traffic problems and pollution in cities. But unless we do something now, there will be more traffic jams and temperatures will continue to rise, so the problems in our environment will get worse. The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.”

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新的自行车骑行方案， 鼓励人们为了环境和自己的身体健康， 多骑自行车。

4．What can we learn about the Velib scheme?

A．Its bikes have no baskets.

B．Its bikes are light and colorful.

C．It aims to make traveling easier.

D．It owns more stations than the subway.

解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的So there are a lot more Velib stations than the 298 subway stations！可知，自行车车站要比地铁站多得多。故选D。

5．If you use a Velib for 1 hour, you should pay ________.

A.1   B.30

C.29   D．no money

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的But it's only 1 a day or 29 a year！以及前文提到的半小时内是免费的， 超过半小时需要付费可知，骑自行车一个小时， 需要付费1。故选A。

6．Why do some people disagree with the Velib scheme?

A．The cost is rather high.

B．It's hard to find a Velib station.

C．It's not suitable for a long journey.

D．The distance between two Velib stations is long.

解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的These bicycles are only for short journeys ...still use their cars.可知，这些自行车仅仅适用于短途旅行， 不适用长途旅行。故选C。

7．What's the city spokesman's attitude towards the bicycle scheme?

A．Doubtful.   B．Positive.

C．Uncaring.   D．Worried.

解析：选B　观点态度题。通读文章的最后一段， 并根据该段最后一句话The bikes might help people to lead a healthier life, too.可知，spokesman对自行车骑行方案的态度是积极的。故选B。

C

When it comes to medical care，many patients and doctors believe “more is better”. But what they do not realize is that overtreatment — too many scans，too many blood tests — may bring harm.

Terrence Power, for example, complained that after his wife learned she had Wegener's disease，a disorder of the immune system，they found it difficult to refuse testing recommended by her doctor.The doctor insisted on office visits every three weeks，even when she was feeling well.He frequently ordered blood tests and X­rays，and repeatedly referred her to experts for even minor complaints.Even when tests came back negative, more were ordered, and she was hospitalized as prevention when she developed a cold.She had as many as 25 doctor visits during one six­month period.The couple was spending about $30,000 a year for her care.

After several years of physical suffering and near financial ruin from the medical costs，the couple began questioning the treatment after discussing with other patients in online support groups.“It's a really hard thing to determine when they have crossed the line，” Mr Power said.“You think she's getting the best care in the world，but after a while you start to wonder: What's the purpose？” Mr Power then spoke with his own doctor，who advised him to find a new expert to oversee Mrs Power's care.Under the new doctor's care，the regular testing stopped and Mrs Power's condition was stable.Now she sees the doctor only four or five times a year.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。由于医学方面知识的缺乏，很多人没有意识到过度治疗及检测可能对身体有潜在的危害。

8．When did the Powers start to doubt Mrs Power's treatment?

A．After knowing about other patients' treatment.

B．After analyzing the results of her blood tests.

C．After curing Mrs Power of her illness.

D．After the new expert's testing.

解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句中的the couple began questioning the treatment after discussing with other patients in online support groups可知，Power夫妇是在得知其他病人的治疗情况后才开始质疑Power夫人的治疗存在问题的。故选A。

9．Who does “they” in Paragraph 3 most likely refer to?

A．Doctors.

B．Other patients.

C．Mr and Mrs Power.

D．The online support groups.

解析：选A　代词指代题。根据语境可知该句意思是：很难断定医生是不是过度治疗。再联系上下文可知they指代的是医生。故选A。

10．What is the main idea of this passage?

A．Treatments do not always cause harmful side effects.

B．Patients tend to believe more testing is better treatment.

C．Too much medical care may not be beneficial to patients.

D．Doctors generally recommend office visits that are necessary.

解析：选C　主旨大意题。浏览全文，结合第一段第二句 But what they do not realize is that overtreatment — too many scans，too many blood tests — may bring harm.可知，本文主要讲的是过度的医疗检查或护理可能对病人并无益处，故选C。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

Much of the work in today's world is accomplished (完成) in teams.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.__1__ Companies spend millions hiring top business people.Is their money well spent?

__2__ They focused on football，basketball and baseball.The results are mixed.For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the team's performance begins to decline.Interestingly，this trend isn't evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team's performance.

To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate (协调) their actions.__3__ In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower.If a basketball star is，for example, trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance.Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.”__4__

Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort.Just as in a game of tug­of­war (拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.

__5__ An A­team may require a balance — not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.

A．It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.

B．Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.

C．The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.

D．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.

E．Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.

F．Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.

G．This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.

语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明：一个好的团队，其成员构成需要平衡，既要有优秀的人，也要有普通的人。在团队建设中优秀人才的引进不能简单地搞“一刀切”。

1．选B　空前说“大多数人认为建一个好的团队的最好方法是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”，空后说“公司花数百万雇用顶级商业人士”，由此可知B项符合语境，和空后一句一起对空前一句进行举例说明，且B项中的millions和talent与上下文对应，故选B项。

2．选E　根据空后的The results are mixed.可知，空处应提到与results相对应的研究，选项E中的Several recent studies与之对应，故答案为E。

3．选G　空后先是提到了baseball，后又提到了basketball，并对这两项运动中团队成员的相互依赖性以及天才球员所起的作用进行了分析，由此可知，空处应涉及baseball和basketball以及团队成员的相互依赖性。选项G与之对应，故答案为G。

4．选D　根据空前的“学习参加团队运动的小孩子经常被告知‘团队里没有个人’”以及上文提到的篮球明星的做法可推断出，选项D符合语境，故答案为D。

5．选F　根据空后的“一个优秀的团队需要平衡”可知，F项符合语境，是对全文内容的总结，同时空后的内容也是对F项内容的具体解释说明，故答案为F。