2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案宾语从句

这是一份2022年中考英语语法专题复习学案宾语从句，共2页。学案主要包含了其他需要说明的问题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
宾语从句的三个要点： 1.引导词 2.从句语序 3.主从句的时态
考点一：宾语从句的引导词（连接词）
连接词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，不译，可以省略。
I am afraid（that）yu are right.
连接词if 、whether，意为“是否”，在从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略。
Tm dn't knw if/whether his grandpa liked the present.
He asked me whether r nt I was cming.
一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下4种情况只能用whether：
①在不定式前：Whether t g there r nt hasn't been decided.
②在介词后：It depends n（依靠） whether it is ging t rain.
③与r nt连用：They are talking abut whether t g there r nt.
④宾语从句放在句首表示强调时，只能用whether 。
Whether they can finish the wrk n time is still a prblem .
连接代词wh, whm, whse, what, which，连接副词when, where, why, hw， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。
1). He asked _________can answer this questin. (谁能回答这个问题）
2). D yu knw_________they are waiting fr?（他们在等谁）
3). He asked ___________handwriting is the best in the class.（谁的书法是班上最好的）
4). Please tell me ___________we hld the meeting.（我们什么时候开会）
5). Can yu tell me ___________he is （他在哪儿）
6). Culd yu tell me _____________I can g t the train statin.（我该怎么去车站）
7). Wuld yu tell me __________the train was late.（为什么火车晚了）
考点二：宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。
Can yu tell me wh（m） d we have t see?（╳）
Can yu tell me wh（m） we have t see?（ √）
考点三：宾语从句的时态
宾语从句的时态应遵循以下三个原则：
需要性原则：主句是现在时(包括一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时），从句时态随句意。如：I hear Je left fr Beijing yesterday.
I hear Je will leave fr Beijing next week.
呼应性原则：主句是过去时(包括一般过去时、过去进行时），从句用相应的过去的某种时态。如：When I gt t schl,I realized that I had left my back-pack at hme.
3. 特殊性原则：从句表示客观事实、真理或自然现象时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。如：The teacher tld us that practice makes perfect,s we shuld d mre practice.
四、其他需要说明的问题
What’s wrng/the matter/truble (with...)? What happened 作宾语从句时语序不变。
如：D yu knw what happened t her?
如果主句的谓语动词是think，guess，believe等动词，且后面接含有that引导的否定意义的宾语从句时，常将否定词提前到主句中。
如：I dn't think I cpied dwn the maths prblems crrectly. （否定主句）
I dn’t believe that he is a thief, is he? (反意从句)
一些宾语从句可以简化成“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的结构。
I dn’ t knw what I shuld say. = I dn’ t knw what t say.
Culd yu tell me hw I can get there? = Culd yu tell me hw t get there?
宾语从句学习顺口溜
学习宾从三注意，时态语序引导词：时态主从要呼应, 语序要用陈述句，
That连接陈述句，省与不省没关系；从句若表“是否”时，if/whether 均可以，
特殊问句作宾语，仍用原来疑问词；三个问题需牢记，切莫丢东忘了西。
同步练习：
( )1. Yur T-shirt is s cl. Culd yu tell me ?
where yu buy it B.where d yu buy it C.where yu bught it D.where did yu buy it
( )2---Excuse me. Culd yu tell me I can get t the Space Museum ?
---Of curse. Yu can take bus N. 1.
where B.hw C.if D.why
( )3---D yu knw the new mbile phne last week ? -
----Maybe 900 yuan. I’m nt quite sure.
hw much she paid fr B.hw much will she pay fr C.hw much did she pay fr
( )4. Michael Jrdan has failed ver and ver again in his life. And that’s he succeeds.
A.what B.when C.why D.where
( )5---D yu knw the girl in red is ? ---I’m nt sure. Maybe a teacher.
when B.hw C.where D.what
( )6. I want t knw .
when we shuld arrive at the airprt B.when shuld we arrive at the airprt
C.when the airprt we shuld arrive at D.when the airprt shuld we arrive at
( )7. ---Wuld yu please tell me ? ---At 10:00 this evening.
when will the train leave B.when the train will leave C.when des the train leave
( )8. ---Culd yu tell me ? ---Fill in this frm and I will give yu a card.
hw I can meet Cathy B.where I can meet Cathy C.when I can meet Cathy
( )9. I hear yu’ve gt a new pen pal. I wnder .
where des she live B.where she is studying C.where will she wrk
( )10. ---D yu knw the man under the tree ? ---Srry, I dn’t knw .
hw is he B.what is he C.wh he is D.where he is
把下列句子合并为一句
I want t knw. Have they finished their hmewrk ?
I am sure. He will like the new bike.
What will we d next ? I want t knw.