词汇晨读09- 江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测

 江苏高考英语3500词汇读练测(词汇晨读)09
说明：①本系列资料的例句尽可能多地选自高考真题或各地模拟试题；
②凡是形容词+ly构成的副词在本系列资料【拓展】栏目里不予列出。
(each—eyesight)
each adj.每，每个，每件：Each book is beautifully illustrated.每本书都配有精美的插图。
pron.每人，每个，每件：
We each have different needs and interests.我们每个人都有不同的需求和兴趣。
He had three tries and failed each time.他试了三回，每回都失败了。
adv.每人，每个：They lost $40 each.他们每人损失了40元。
【拓展】each other相互，互相，彼此：
They support each other in their work.他们在工作中互相支持。
Both sides are willing to make allowances for each other’s political sensitivities 
双方都愿意体谅彼此的政治敏感问题。
eager adj.渴望的，热切的：After years of war, the people in that country were eager to live in peace.
经过几年的战争，那个国家的人民渴望和平的生活。
eagle n.鹰：The eagle wheeled in the sky.鹰在空中盘旋。
【拓展】He did the work under the eagle eye of his teacher.他在老师锐利目光的注视下完成了作业。
ear n. ①耳朵：Elephants have big ears.象的耳朵很大。
②(常用单)听力，听觉：She has a good ear for language.她学语言的听力很好。
【拓展】turn a deaf ear to充耳不闻，置若罔闻(参看08专题词条：deaf)：
I didn’t expect him to turn a deaf ear to his comrades’ criticism.
我没料想到他对同志们的批评竟充耳不闻。
early adj.早的，早期的：Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is.
直到19世纪早期，人们才知道什么是热量。
adv.早地，在初期：Did Jack come back early last night? 杰克昨晚回来得很早吗？
earn v.①挣得，赚得：
Tom earned a lot of money this month and he bought his wife a handbag as a present.
汤姆这个月赚了好多钱，他给他的妻子买了一个手提包作为礼物。
The old lady earns her living by selling used newspapers.这位老妇人靠卖废纸谋生。
②赢得：His achievements earned him respect.他的成就使他受到尊敬。
earnest adj.热心的，诚挚的，真挚的：
He is earnest about his studies.他热心于他的研究。
His words, though quite brief, are earnest enough to prompt one to deep thought. 
他话讲得不多，可是语重心长，发人深思。
earth n.①(用单数)地球，世界：The moon goes round the earth.月亮绕着地球转。
②泥土：The water sinks into the earth.水渗入泥土。
③(用单数)大地：The balloon burst and fell to earth.气球破裂而落到地上。
【拓展】on earth世界上，人世间，究竟，到底：
I must be the happiest woman on earth.我一定是世界上最幸福的女人了。
No scientists can exactly figure out what on earth happened on the earth at that time, which
caused the extinction of the dinosaurs.没有科学家能够弄清楚当时地球上到底发生了什么事
情，这件事导致了恐龙的灭绝。
earthquake n.地震：A 7.0 magnitude Earthquake hit Lushan County of Sichuan Province on April 20 killing more than 200 people.4月20日，四川芦山县发生7.0级地震，造成200多人死亡。
east adj.①东方的，东部的：They live on the east coast of Scotland.他们住在苏格兰的东岸。
②朝东的，从东方来的：Red flags flow in the east wind.红旗在东风中飘扬。
n.东，东方：The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。
adv.在(向，从)东方：We are traveling east.我们向东方旅行。
Easter n.复活节：They always go to church at Easter.他们在复活节时总是去教堂。
eastern adj.东方的，东部的：Cambridge is in eastern England.剑桥在英格兰东部。
easy adj.①容易的，不费力的：
We find it easy to get along with our new teachers here.我们发现与我们这里的新老师相处很容易。
②舒适的，安逸的：He has had an easy life.他一直过着舒适安逸的生活。
【拓展】adv.(用于某些习语)：
Take it easy.别紧张，别着急。 Easy come, easy go.来得容易，去得快。
Easier said than done.说说容易做起来难。 Stand easy.稍息。
—I feel so nervous about the final exam.
—Take it easy.“我对期末考试感到很紧张。”“别紧张。”
eat(ate, eaten ) v.吃，吃饭：The food is not worth eating.这种食物不值得一吃。
【拓展】①eat up吃完，耗费(大量金钱、时间或资源)：
Eat up your food.吃完你的食物。
Health insurance costs are eating up his income.
医疗保险费用花掉了他大量的收入。
②汉语说“请随便吃”，说成英语是Please help yourself.而不是Please eat。
ecology n.生态，生态学：
To keep ecology in balance is our duty.保持生态平衡是我们的职责。
He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science.
他开始学习生态学，决心把整个生命都致力于科学。
economic adj.经济的，经济学的，合算的，有经济效益的：
China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, once accomplished, will quicken the economic growth of the
countries along the route.中国的丝绸之路经济带一旦建成，将加快沿线国家的经济增长。
【拓展】economic指与“政治的”并对应的“经济的”，而economical指与“节约的”同义的“经济的”：
The stable political and economical situation is considered beneficial to the growth of town enterprises.稳定的政治和经济形势对于地方企业的发展是有益的。
It is more economical and healthful to live in the countryside than in the city.
住在乡下比住在城市比较经济也比较有益于健康。
economy n.经济学，经济，节约，省钱：
Many countries are making great efforts to help the economy recover after a difficult period.
经过了一段困难时期后，许多国家正在努力使经济恢复。
It seems a false economy to me to cut down on libraries.
在我看来，减少图书馆的数量并不是真正的节约。
edge n.①边(缘)，棱：
Many tall buildings, as reported, are being built at present at the edge of our city.
正如报道所说的那样，目前我们城市的边缘正在建许多高大的建筑物。
Not until he was standing on the edge of death did he realize how much he wanted to live.
直到他站在死亡边缘时，他才知道他是多么想活着。
The water roiled to his left as he climbed carefully at the edge of the waterfall. 
当他在瀑布边缘小心攀爬时，水就在他左边奔腾。
②(刀器的)刃：The knife has a very sharp edge.这把小刀的刀刃很锋利。
③优势：At the end of an hour’s play the host team had the edge definitely on the visiting team.
经过一小时比赛，主队已绝对比客队占有优势。
They have the edge on us.他们略胜我们一筹。
edition n.(发行物的)版(本)：
According to the central bank, the 2015 edition bills will circulate in parallel with previous editions
and will have the same face value.据中央银行所说， 2015年新版的钞票同之前的版本一起流通使用，
并且面值一样。
editor n.编辑：Tonny wanted to be a copy editor, so he found a job at New York Times after graduation.
托尼想成为一个编辑，所以他毕业以后就在纽约时报找了一份工作。
educate v.教育，培养，训练：
Parents are under an obligation to educate their children.父母有义务教育他们的孩子。
Children, if well educated, are not likely to make any trouble in public places.
如果受到良好的教育，孩子不可能在公共场所惹麻烦。
She tried to educate her son’s taste in music.她试图培养她儿子对音乐的爱好。
She educated herself in English.她自修英语。
【拓展】educator n.教育(学)家，教育工作者：
Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can often bring out the best qualities of a
person.几乎所有的教育者都相信，一个具有挑战性的环境往往能显示出一个人最好的品质。
education n.教育，培养：
Only a short-sighted man will lose a sight of the importance of education.
只有目光短浅的人才会忽略教育的重要性。
【拓展】educational adj.教育(方面)的，有教育意义的：
It is clear that distributing the educational resources equally is what people need badly
nowadays.很明显，平等分配教育资源是当今人们迫切需要的。
effect n.效果，作用，影响：
Sometimes there’s a domino effect, where one bad thing leads to another.
有时候会有多米诺骨牌效应，一件坏事导致另一件坏事。
I think what you said just now will have no effect on him.我想你刚才说的话对他没有任何影响。
The new law has come into effect, and the number of wild animals here is on the increase now.
新的法律已经生效，野生动物的数量正在增加。
The law first came into being in 1912, and it still takes effect today.
这个法律首次形成于1912年，至今一直有效。
If the new security system had been put into effect, such accidents would never have happened.
如果新的安全系统生效，这样的事故就不会发生了。
【拓展】①effective有效的，起作用的，实际的，实在的：
Although scientists have been researching on cancer for many years, they still fail to find out an
effective cure for it.尽管科学家对癌症进行了多年的研究，但是仍然没有发现治愈这种疾病
的有效办法。
They have had effective control of the area since the security forces left.
自从安全部队撤离后，他们实际上控制了该地区。
②in effect实际上，事实上，生效：
In effect, it contributes to the sustainable development of our economy.
实际上，它有利于我国经济的可持续发展。
efficient adj.有效的，高效的：
At the meeting, all the staff have a heated discussion on the most efficient way to accomplish their plan
in limited time.所有员工在会议上激烈讨论了在有限的时间内完成他们的计划的最有效的方法。
【拓展】efficiency n.效率，效能，功效：
Efficiency is life.效率就是生命。
I was impressed by the efficiency with which she handled the crisis.
她应对危机效率之高给我留下了深刻的印象。
effort n.努力，尽力，费力：
They kept trying, and their efforts finally paid off.他们不断地努力，终于有了回报。
It doesn’t need much effort.这事不需要费什么力气。
You should make an effort to improve your reading comprehension.你应该努力提高你的阅读理解能力。
Everyone in my class spares no effort on their study, preparing for the College Entrance Examination.
我们班的每个人都不遗余力地学习，为高考做准备。
egg n.蛋，鸡蛋，卵：
The same boiling water softens the potato and hardens the egg.同样的沸水使土豆变软，使鸡蛋变硬。
Each female will lay just one egg in April or May.每个雌体四五月份只产一粒卵。
【拓展】Don’t put all your eggs in one basket不要孤注一掷。
either adj.(两者)任一方的：You may go by either way.两条路哪条都可以走。
conj.要么，或者：Either say you’re sorry or else get out!你要么道歉，要么滚开！
adv.(用于否定句或短语后)也：She can’t explain it and I can’t either.她不能解释，我也不能解释。
pron.(两者)任一方：I don’t agree with either of you.你们两人的意见我都不同意。
【拓展】either...or...既……也……，是……还是……，不是……就是……，要么……要么：
You can take either this book or that one.你可以拿这本书，也可以拿那本书。
Is either he or you to host Talent Show in our school this year？
是他还是你去主持我们学校今年的才艺秀？
Reluctant to work there, she either wandered along the wards or stayed at home, saying she was ill.
由于不愿在那里工作，她要么在病房里游荡，要么呆在家里，说她病了。
elder n.①(常用单)长者：Which is the elder(of the two sisters)?(两姊妹)哪位年纪较大呢？
②(常用复)前辈：We learn from our elders.我们向长辈学习。
adj.年纪较大的，年长的，资格老的，老练的：
After a heated discussion, we decided what we should buy for the elder people.
经过热烈的讨论，我们决定了应该给老人们买什么。
They must have mistaken you for your elder sister yesterday, didn’t they?
昨天，他们一定是把你错认成你的姐姐了，不是吗？
elderly adj.上了年纪的，年龄较大的，(与the连用)老年人：
The local government listed him as an elderly person of no family. 当地政府把他列为孤寡老人。
The building was designed to accommodate the elderly and provide them with the best environment.
这座建筑物是为老年人设计的来给他们提供膳宿和最好的环境。
elect v.①(投票)选举：They elect him mayor.他们选他当市长。
②决定：He elected to leave.他决定离开。
【拓展】election选举，当选，选举权：
The Conservatives are going to win the election. They already have most of the votes.
保守党将赢得选举。他们已经获得了大部分选票。
electric adj.①发电的：
The steam can generate electricity by turning an electric generator.蒸汽可以转动发电机发电。
②由电产生的：How do you measure the strength of an electric current? 你怎样测量电流的强度？
③用于导电的：You should never join an electric wire to a water pipe.
你千万不可把电线连接在水管上。
④使用电力的：Nowadays, electric cars are more and more popular.现在电动汽车越来越流行。
electrical adj.电的，与电有关的：
The electrical engineer is looking through the instructions to know how the heat system works before
the repair work.那名电气工程师在浏览说明书为了弄明白供热系统是如何工作的。
The cooker isn’t working because of an electrical fault.
这个炊具不能用了，因为出了电气方面的故障。
He buried himself in an electrical book.他埋头读一本电学方面的书。
electricity n.电：This car is environmentally friendly because it uses electricity instead of gas.
这辆汽车是环保型的，因为它用电而不用汽油。
electronic adj.①电子的：Sends the active document through electronic mail.通过电子邮件发送活动文档。
②电子学的，关于电子的：
What I’m interested in is radios, so I’d like to study Electronic Engineering during my four years in
university.我感兴趣的是无线电，所以我想在大学四年在学习电子工程学。
Losing his electronic dictionary made himself sad.丢掉他的电子字典让他很难过。
elegant adj.优雅的，雅致的，讲究的：
The girl wearing a green coat looks more elegant than her companion.
穿绿上衣的女孩看起来比她的同伴更优雅。
element n.元素，要素，因素：
The element radium, discovered in the chemistry lab, gave off a blue light.
在化学实验室被发现的镭元素释放出蓝色的光。
Fitness has now become an important element in our lives. 
现在健康已经成为我们生活中的一个要素。
I suppose people do it because there is that element of danger and risk 
我想人们这样做是因为其中存在危险和风险的因素。
elephant n.大象：The elephant is the largest land animal.大象是最大的陆生动物。
【拓展】①a white elephant华而不实的东西：
My walkman is a white elephant now, I don’t need it anymore.
我的随身听没什么用了，我不再需要它。
②Elephant in the room要看上下文语境进行理解，可以译成“忌讳、回避、规避”等等：
The fact that his 35-year-old brother was still living with his parents was a big elephant 
in the room at every family gathering.他35岁的哥哥还住在爸妈家里，这事是每次家庭聚
会时大家避而不谈的话题。
else adv.别的，其他的：
She can speak English better than anyone else.她英语讲得比其他任何人都好。
What has caused great confusion is how he made it without anyone else’s help.
让人极大困惑的是他如何在没有别人帮助的情况下做到这一点的。
【拓展】or else否则，要不然：
Hurry up, or else you’ll miss the last bus.赶快，要不然你就会赶不上最后一班车的。
e-mail n.电子邮件(=electronic mail)：
Send me a message by email.通过电子邮件给我发消息。
v.发电子邮件：
I set up e-mail addresses for my mum and dad so that I could e-mail them regularly.
我为妈妈和爸爸的电子邮件地址以便我可以定期发邮件给他们。
embarrass v.使难堪(为难)：
Mary found herself in an embarrassing position, and therefore she felt rather embarrassed.
玛丽发现自己处于一种很窘迫的境地，因此，她感觉相当尴尬。
He was embarrassed by debts. 他因欠债而难堪。
【拓展】embarrassment n.尴尬：
The emoticons come in handy when we want to stop a conversation, sparing us the
embarrassment.当我们想停止对话时，表情符号就派上了用场，省去了我们的尴尬。
embassy n.大使馆，大使馆全体成员：
The Chinese embassy didn’t directly solve my problem, but I feel thankful that it offered me some
advice at least.中国大使馆没有直接解决我的问题，但是我感激至少它给了我一些建议。
emergency n.紧急情况(状态)：
My mother once gave me a special number to call in case I run into an emergency.
我的母亲曾经给我一个特殊的号码，让我万一遇到紧急事件，就拨打它。
【拓展】emergent adj.紧急的，突然出现的，新兴的：
As a Olympic volunteer, you should know how to deal with emergent cases.
作为一名奥运志愿者，你应该知道如何处理紧急情况。
Bioengineering is an emergent branch of learning.生物工程是一门新兴的学问。
emotion n.情感，情绪：
Base an important decision more on emotion than on reason, and you’ll regret it sooner or later.
重要的决策如果是建立在情感上而不是理智上面，那么你迟早会后悔的。
Her voice trembled with emotion.她的声音因情绪激动而颤抖。
【拓展】emotional adj.情感的，令人动情的，易动感情的：
The house is old, but it is of great emotional value to my father who spent all his childhood
here.这所房子很旧，但对我父亲来说却很有情感价值，他在这里度过了童年。
They admired his emotional speech.他们很欣赏他充满激情的演讲。
emperor n.皇帝：The Forbidden City is an area where once only the emperor, his family and officials were allowed.
紫禁城是一个曾经只允许皇帝、他的家人和官员进入的地方。
emphasize v.①强调，重视，着重，重读：
We are very annoyed about his mistake, because we have emphasized this for several times.
我们对他的错误非常生气，因为我们已经强调了好几次。
Concerning the study of a foreign language, we have to emphasize speaking, reading and writing. 
有关学习外文，我们必须著重说、读和写。
Emphasize the third word.加强第三个词的语气(重音)。
②使突出：Jane’s short hair emphasized her cheekbones.简的短发使她的颧骨更突出。
【拓展】emphasis n.强调，着重，重点：
Recently, much more emphasis has been put on developing the students’ creativity.
近年来，人们越来越重视培养学生的创造力。
empire n.帝国，帝权，君权：
The Roman Empire existed for several centuries.罗马帝国存在了好几个世纪。
He eventually constructed a business empire which ran to Thailand and Singapore 
他最终构筑起了一个延伸至泰国和新加坡的商业帝国。
employ v.①雇用：After he left college, he was employed in an international company and has worked there ever
since.他大学毕业以后，被一家跨国公司雇佣了，从那以后就一直在那里工作。
②使用，利用：The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.
警方为了驱散群众，不得不使用武力。
【拓展】①be employed in从事，忙于：
They were employed in watering the garden.他们在忙于给花园浇水。
②employer雇主，employee雇员：
As is required by their employer, the employees should finish the project within this month.
正如雇主所要求的那样，雇员应该在本月内完成该项目。
employment n.雇佣，就业，工作：
It seems there are a great many people out of work. Something must be done to create more employment.似乎有很多人失业了。必须采取一些措施来创造更多的就业机会。
A large office requires the employment of many people.一个大办事处需要雇用好多人员。
She was unable to find employment.她没能找到工作。
【拓展】其反义词unemployment：
The key to solving the unemployment problem lies in creating more job opportunities.
解决失业问题的关键在于创造更多的就业机会。
empty adj.空的：I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I should report it to the police?
我经常看到那间空房子里有灯光。你认为我应当报警吗？
A new atmosphere is being formed among us this year where we stress effective work and oppose
empty talk.今年我们正在形成一种新的氛围，在该氛围中，我们重视有效的工作，反对空谈。
v.(使)变空：The waiter emptied the ashtrays.服务员把烟灰缸里的烟灰都倒了。
enable v.使能够/可能：History enables pupils to learn about their culture。历史能使学生了解他们的文化。
encourage v.①鼓励：My mum’s letters really encouraged me throughout my illness.
在我生病期间妈妈的信件真的自始至终鼓励着我。
②助长：Don’t encourage bad habits in a child.不要助长孩子的坏习惯。
【拓展】encouragement n. 鼓励，鼓励的话或行为：
Mom’s frequent encouragement determined me to face the challenge bravely in life.
妈妈不时的鼓励让我下定决心去勇敢面对生活中的挑战。
end n. ①终点，尽头：It was the end of a dream.美梦告终。
②结束，结尾：He said he’d love her till the end of time.他说天长地久永远爱她。
v.结束，终止：The war ended in 1975.战争于1975年结束。
【拓展】①come to an end结束，完结：
We have to wait until the discussion between them comes to an end.
我们不得不等到他们之间的讨论结束。
②end up结束，完事：How does the story end up?这个故事是怎样结束的？
③end up doing sth.以……而告终, end up with以……而结束，end up as作为……而结束，最终成为……：
You are most likely to end up taking over this company if you play your cards right.
如果你处理得当，你最有可能最终接管这家公司。
The weakest students can end up with a negative score.最差的学生可能会以负分收场。
Maybe you'll end up as a lawyer, like me.也许你会像我一样，最终成为律师。
④at the end(of)在(……的)末端：
I’m going on holiday at the end of June.我六月底去度假。
⑤at an end结束，终止，耗尽，到头：
He returned to his country after the war was at an end.战争结束后他回到了祖国。
I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end. 
我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。
⑥by the end of到结束时，到末尾时：
By the end of the chapter, you’ll have guessed the meaning of this word.
等你读完这一章时，你就会猜出这个词的意思了。
⑦in the end最后，终于：In the end she married a singer.最后她嫁给了一个歌手。
⑧on end不停地，竖立：He sat there for hours on end.他连续几小时坐在那儿。
Place the log on end.把这根木头竖着放。
⑨to the end到底，始终，到最后，到头：
We must carry the experiment through to the end, not give up halfway. 
这项试验一定要搞到底，不能半途而废。
⑩without end永远的，没有完结的：
They had trouble without end.他们的麻烦无穷无尽。
ending n.结局，结尾：
I wonder how you feel about the ending of the movie.我想知道你关于关于这部电影的结尾的看法。
endless adj.无止境的，没完没了的：
To free the students from their endless homework the school has decided to take a series of measures.
为了把学生从没完没了的作业中解放出来，学校决定采取一系列措施。
enemy n.敌人，敌军：As long as I live, I will never give in to the enemy.只要我活着，我决不向敌人屈服。
An enemy soldier was found dead in the forest.一名敌军士兵被发现死在森林里。
energetic adj.精力旺盛的，充满活力的：
My grandfather is as energetic as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.
我祖父像年轻人一样精力充沛，不喜欢整天无所事事。
energy n.精力，干劲，能源：
It seems that Chinese students devote much time and energy to getting a high score in the exam.
似乎中国学生投入了很多时间和精力，致力于在考试中获得高分。
When it comes to renewable energy, what occur to me are solar energy and wind energy.
当涉及到可再生资源的时候，我想起的是太阳能和风能。
engine n. ①发动机，引擎：Who invented the steam engine?谁发明了蒸气机？
②机车，火车头：The engine of the train left the rails at a curve.火车头在拐弯处脱轨了。
engineer n.工程师，技师：I know the boy, whose father is an engineer.我认识那个男孩，他的父亲是个工程师。
engineering n.工程(学)，工程师行业：
He has not studied mechanics or engineering.他没有学习过力学和工程学。
English adj.英格兰的，英国的，英国人的，英语的：
Though he had tried to swim across the English Channel, he didn’t make it.
尽管他试图游泳穿过英吉利海峡，但没有成功。
He is very English in his attitudes.他的态度英国味十足。
n.①英语：What is the English for this word?这个词在英语中怎么讲?
②(连用the)英国人：The English are famous for liking tea.英国人以喜欢喝茶出名。
enjoy v.①欣赏，喜欢：Did you enjoy the film?你喜欢这电影?
②享有，享受……之乐趣：
When first introduced to the market, these products enjoyed great success.
这些产品刚一投放市场就大获成功。
Women enjoy equal rights with men.妇女享有同男子平等的权力。
【拓展】①enjoy oneself过得愉快，玩得痛快：
I really enjoyed myself at the party last night. Did you?
我昨天晚上在聚会上玩得很高兴。你呢？
②其后跟when从句时，应先接it：
She didn’t enjoy it when her husband drove fast.她不喜欢她丈夫开快车。(其中的it不能省)
③enjoyable adj.令人愉快的，有趣的：
He spent an enjoyable holiday.他度过了一个愉快的假期。
It was an enjoyable journey.那是一次愉快的旅行。
enlarge v.扩大，增大，变大：
We’ll go through the test of vocabulary while studying English. Try to enlarge yours by reading.
学英语时我们必须通过词汇的考验。尽量通过阅读扩大你的词汇量。
enough n.足够，充分：Not enough is known about this subject.关于这个问题知道不多。
adj.足够的，充分的：If you had enough money, what would you buy？如果你有足够的钱，你会买什么？
adv.足够地，充分地：
I cannot thank you enough.我再怎么感谢你都不过。
I have talked quite enough.我已谈得够多了。
The boy is old enough to tell the difference from right and wrong.
这个男孩已经长大了，能够辨别是非了。
enquiry(Am inquiry)n.询问，调查，查究，查问：
I don’t know who sent the gift, but I’ll make a careful enquiry.
我不知道是谁送来的礼物，不过我将仔细查询一下。
These comments are not directly relevant to this enquiry.这些评论和这次调查没有直接的关系。
We received over 300 enquiries about the job.我们接到300多人次询问这个工作的情况。
【拓展】enquire v.询问，打听，问问题，查问：
It remains to be enquired whether these campus libraries will be open to the public on holidays.
这些校园图书馆在假期是否会对公众开放有待询问确认。
ensure v.保证，确保，保障：
To ensure the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.
为了确保天然气安全，政府已经彻底检查了这个城市的天然气供应系统。
Develop the economy and ensure supplies.发展经济，保障供给。
enter v.①进，入：He realized that someone must have entered his room. Something important was missing.
他意识到一定有人进过他的房间。某个重要的东西丢了。
②加入：He entered the army at 18.他十八岁参军。
③把……记入，登记：You must enter details in a book.你得把细节记入账簿。
【拓展】①enter for报名参加，登记：John entered (himself) for the examination.约翰报名投考。
②表示进入某一具体场所、机构、建筑物等，是及物动词，其后一般不接介词into；若是表
示开始进入或从事某一状态或活动，或用于较抽象的概念，则可后接into：
We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of coming true.
我们已经进入一个梦想最有可能实现的时代。
enterprise n.①(冒险性的)计划，事业：It’s a very exciting new enterprise.这是一个令人振奋的新计划。
②进取心，事业心：He is a man of enterprise.他是一个有进取心的人。
③企业，公司：The 6th China (Guangzhou) International Auto Show attracted nearly enterprises.
第六届中国(广州)国际汽车展吸引了600多家企业。
entertainment n.娱乐，消遣：
Hollywood, in Los Angeles, is where most entertainment is made.
洛杉矶的好莱坞是娱乐业最发达的地方。
This is a serious political story, not an entertainment.这是一个严肃的政治故事，不是供消遣的。
【拓展】entertain娱乐，热情款待：
They were entertained by top singers, dancers and celebrities 
顶级歌手、舞蹈演员和名人们给他们带来娱乐。
I don’t like to entertain such guests any more.我再也不想招待那样的客人了。
enthusiastic adj.热心的，热情的：
Enthusiastic fans would rather they met the super star at the airport tomorrow morning.
热情的粉丝们都希望明天早上在机场能见到那位超级明星。
【拓展】enthusiasm n.热情，热忱：
He was praised for his enthusiasm and his open-mindedness.人们称赞他的热情与开明。
entire adj.整个的，全部的：
The entire book detailedly analyzes all the essential concepts of computer system from a programmer’s
perspective.从程序员的角度，整本书详细地分析了计算机系统的所有基本概念。
entitle v.使享有权利，使符合资格，给……命名(或题名)：
You are not entitled to unemployment benefit if you have never worked.
你如果从来没有工作过的话，就没有资格享受失业救济金。
She read a poem entitled The Apple Tree.她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗。
entrance n. ①入口，入场：Beside the entrance to the church, turn right.在教堂入口旁向右转。
②进入的权利，入学许可：
We are now preparing for the college entrance examination.我们现在正在准备高考。
【拓展】表示“……的入口”，其后通常接介词 to：
entry n.进入，入场：The door and the windows were all closed and there was no sign of forced entry.
门和窗户都关上了，没有强行进入的迹象。
envelope n.信封，封皮：He put the letter into an envelope, stuck a stamp on the envelope and posted it.
他把信放进一个信封里，在信封上贴了一张邮票就寄出了。
environment n.环境：Much has been done to beautify the environment of the city by the government.
政府为美化这个城市的环境做了很多工作。
【拓展】environmental adj.自然环境的，生态环境的，有关环境的：
We need to raise public awareness to the environmental issue.
我们需要提高公众对环境问题的认识。
envy v.忌妒，羡慕：I envy(you)your good luck.我羡慕你的好运。
It’s no use envying others’ success. 1t’s time you should work hard.
嫉妒别人的成功是没有用的，是该你努力工作的时候了。
n.忌妒，羡慕：Tom was green with envy when he heard his partner would go abroad to have a holiday while he had to stay here and work.听到他的搭档说要去国外度假而他却只能在这里工作，汤姆很是嫉妒。
She spoke ill of him out of envy.出于嫉妒她背后说他坏话。
equal adj.①平等的：Men and women have equal rights in China.在中国男女都有平等的权利。
②相等的，同等的：
Women want equal pay for equal work.妇女要求同工同酬。
Mary is quite equal to Bill in brains.玛莉跟比尔一样聪明。
v.①等于：Eight times eight equals sixty-four.八乘八等于六十四。
②比得上：No one equals him in strength.论力气，谁也比不上他。
n.相等的人，同等的人：I’m not Mary’s equal the equal of Mary] in beauty.我不及玛莉漂亮。
【拓展】be equal to(等于)中的to是介词，后接名词或是动名词：
In terms of working experience and ability, I believe Tom is equal to this job.
就工作经验和能力而言，我相信汤姆能胜任这份工作。
This is equal to saying that he’s a cheat.这就等于说他是个骗子。
equality n.平等，相等，同等：
In some countries, what is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.
在一些国家，所谓的“平等”并不真正意味着所有人享有平等的权利。
【拓展】其反义词为inequality：
Blacks have been hurt by racial inequalities in housing and education.
住房与教育方面的种族不平等现象让黑人深受伤害。
equate v.等同，使相等，相当于：
Some parents equate education with exam success.有些父母把教育和考试成绩优秀等同起来。
equip v.装备，配备：The rooms are equipped with video cameras.房间里装备有摄像机。
We are going to equip the room with air-conditioning.我们打算给这个房间装上空调。
equipment n.装备，设备：
By the end of last month, some latest teaching equipment had been sent to some high schools in Tibet.
到上个月底，一些最新的教学设备已经被送往西藏的一些高中。
eraser n.擦除器，板擦：I forget my eraser, May I borrow yours? 我忘了我的橡皮(擦)，我可以借你的吗？
error n.错误，差错：
—It’s no easy task to catch a ticket on a website that receives 1 billion clicks daily.
—I can’t agree with you more. There can be errors for every single step.
“在网上抢到一张票很不容易，因为网上每天有十亿的点击率。”“我非常赞同你的观点，每一小步都可能会有错误。”
erupt v.①(指火山)喷发，爆发：
The volcano erupted and the lava poured down the mountain, burying several villages.
火山爆发，熔岩从山上倾泻而下，掩埋了几个村庄。
②(指暴力、愤怒等等)突然发作：The demonstration erupted into violence.示威突然引发了暴力。
【拓展】eruption n.爆发：
Larry and his wife were killed in the volcanic eruption, leaving their 5-year-old son alone in this
world.拉里和他的妻子死于火山爆发，留下了他五岁的儿子孤独的生活在世上。
escape n.①逃跑，逃脱：The thief jumped into a car and made his escape.小偷跳上汽车逃走了。
②逃路，出口：A small boy tumbled off a third floor fire escape.一个小男孩从3楼防火梯上摔了下来。
③逃避的方法：But for me television is an escape.但是对我而言，看电视是一种逃避的方法。
④(液体等)漏出：There is an escape for air.有个地方漏气了。
v.①逃跑，逃脱：
Last night, in the dream, John found himself being chased by a fierce wolf and unable to escape.
昨晚，约翰在睡梦中发现自己被一头恶狼追逐，而且他无法逃掉。
②(液体等)漏出：The gas is escaping somewhere.煤气有个地方漏气了。
③逃脱，避免：How can we escape being seen?我们怎样才能躲开这群人？
The programme of economic recovery ended in failure. Many people would have otherwise escaped
poverty.经济复苏计划以失败告终。否则许多人本来可以摆脱贫困的。
④被遗忘：I am really sorry. the name of the club has escaped from my mind.
真对不起，我已经不记得俱乐部的名字了。
【拓展】后接动词要用动名词：There is no way to escape doing the work.没有办法逃脱做这项工作。
especially adv.专门地，特地，特别地，尤其：
I came here especially to ask you a question.我是专门来问你一个问题的。
Lily does very well in her studies, especially in physics and English. No one in our class can
compare with her.莉莉学习成绩很好，尤其是物理和英语，我们班里没有人能和她相比。
【拓展】especial adj. 特别的，特殊的，特有的，专有的
He was told for especial duty.他被分派去从事特殊任务。
He has an especial car because he cannot walk.他有一辆专车，因为他不能走路。
essay n.文章，论文：He wrote an essay on football.他写了一篇足球方面的文章。
The professor demanded that all the essays hand in to him by Jan. 10th.
教授要求所有的论文在1月10日前交上来。
essential adj.必需/要的，必不可少的，重要的：
The possession of a passport is essential for foreign travel.在国外旅行时，拥有护照是必不可少的。
They lay on all essential services.他们提供一切必要的服务。
establish v.建立，创立，设立：
In an attempt to help preserve history, the Greek government established a committee to undertake the professional restoration of the Acropolis.为了帮助保存历史，希腊政府专门成立了一个委员会来承担雅典卫城的专业修复。
They had delayed having children, for the usual reason, to establish their careers. 
为了那个通常的原因——创立自己的事业，他们推迟了要孩子。
【拓展】establishment n.建立，创立/办：
Shenzhou-VIII has docked with Tiangong-I successfully, marking the start of the establishment
of China’s own space station.神州八号与天空一号成功对接，标志着中国自己的太空站的建
立。
The establishment of the business took several years.创办这个公司花了好几年时间。
estate n.财产，遗产，房地产：
According to the law, on attaining the age of 20 she will get the remainder of the estate.
根据法律，到20岁时，她将得到剩余的遗产。
Look, the most famous imitator of Andy Lau in Chinese mainland singing on the stage is advertising for a
new real estate.看，在舞台上唱歌的是中国大陆最著名刘德华的模仿者，他正在为新的房地产做广告。
ethnic adj.种族的，部落的，某文化群体的：
Different cultural features of ethnic groups are in tune with one another and work out a melody．
不同名族的文化特点相互交融一致，共同谱写了一章美妙的乐曲。
Europe n.欧洲：The Atlantic Ocean separates America from Europe.大西洋把美洲和欧洲分隔开来。
European adj.欧洲的，欧洲人的：He looks European.他看起来像欧洲人。
n.欧洲人：In accent and mannerism he appeared to be completely a European.
从口音和举止来看，他像一个地道的东欧人。
evaluate v.评估，评价：
With many major economic problems remaining to be addressed, there is no point evaluating the growth
rate of this year now.有这么多重大经济问题有待解决，现在评估今年的增长率没有意义。
【拓展】evaluation n.评估，评价
We’ve still got to carry out an evaluation of the results.我们仍需对结果作出评估。
The way the guests were treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.
酒店对待客人的方式影响了他们对服务的评价。
even adv.①甚至，连，即便：
He acted with a high hand in this matter，without even asking for anyone else’s opinion.
在这件事上他是独断专行，甚至没有征求任何人的意见。
Even a child can understand the book.连孩子都能看懂这本书。
Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words.
即便是最优秀的作家，有时也会发现自己难以用文字来表达(某些东西)。
②更，还：It’s even faster than the fastest plane.这甚至比最快的飞机还要快。
adj.公平的，平坦的，偶数的，平均的：
What is an even measure? 什么是公平的计量方法？
This is the most even part of the golf course.这是高尔夫球场最平坦的地方。
Cars with license plates ending in even numbers must go in this way. 
牌照以偶数结尾的汽车必须走这条路。
【拓展】①even as恰恰在……的时候：
Even as he spoke, she entered.就在他说话的时候，她进来了。
②even if/even though即使，尽管：
Keep up your spirits even if you may fail hundreds of times.
即使失败了几百次，也要振作起来。
Even though he is an adult now, he is still like a child.
尽管他现在是一个成年人，但他还像个孩子。
③even so即使如此，尽管如此：
It’s raining; even so, I think we should go.下雨了，虽然如此，我想我们还是应该走。
evening n.①傍晚，晚上：With much homework to do, he decided not to go to the cinema this evening.
由于有许多家庭作业要做，他决定今晚不去看电影。
②晚会：The music evening is very interesting.音乐晚会很有趣。
event n.①事件，大事：She has kept a diary since14. In it she set down all the events that happens to her.
她自从十四岁就写日记，在日记里她写下了发生在她身上的所有的事件。
People in ancient times set down series of important events so that we now have what is
called history.古代的人记下系列重大事件，这样我们就有历史了。
②比赛项目：Which events have you entered for?你参加了哪几项竞赛?
【拓展】in the event of万一，如果，倘若：
In the event of fire, ring the alarm bell.如果/万一着火，就按警铃。
eventually adv.最后，终于：
The little girl was determined to become a doctor and her persistence eventually paid off..
小女孩决心成为一名医生，她的坚持最终得到了回报。
ever adv.①曾，曾经：Have you ever been there?你曾到过那里吗？
②无论何时：Nothing ever makes him angry.从来没有一件事情使他生气。
③以前：He studied harder than ever.他学习比以前更努力了。
④(用于疑问词后加强语气)究竟：What ever do you mean?你究竟什么意思？
⑤(与so, such连用)十分，非常：Thank you ever so much.多谢你了。
【拓展】if ever很少，难得，如果有过的话：
She seldom, if ever, goes to the opera.她很少去看歌剧。
every adj.①每一：We have a tight budget and every penny counts.我们的预算很紧，每一分钱都很重要。
②所有的：Every house in this street has been sold.这条街上所有的房子都卖掉了。
③每隔；每逢：I visit my grandpa every other week.我每两周/每隔一周去看望爷爷。
【拓展】①通常修饰单数名词，但若复数名词受数词修饰，也可用every修饰：every four days = every fourth day每隔三日=每逢第四日
②修饰两个并列名词用作主语时，谓语要用单数：
Every boy and every girl likes the film.每个男孩女孩都喜欢这部电影。
everybody pron.每人，人人，各位，大伙儿：
Is everybody here?人都来全了吗？
Not everybody can do it.并不是人人全都能做的。
everyday adj.①每日的：
School is an everyday event for most children.对大多数孩子来说，上学是每天都要做的事。
②日常的，普通的：
Computers are now part of everyday life.计算机现在是日常生活中的一部分了。
【拓展】everyday与every day：前者为形容词，只用于名词前作定语；后者为副词性短语，主要用作状语：
Practise everyday English every day is very important.每天练习日常英语是非常重要的。
everyone pron.每人，人人：Everyone expressed his views freely.大家无拘无束地发表意见。
Everybody warned you, didn’t they?大家都警告过你，不是吗?
Everyone intelligent can do the work.每一个有智力的人都可以做这工作。
In our class, not everyone has been to Beijing.我们班上并非每个人都去过北京。
【拓展】其后一般不接表示范围的of短语，若接可用every one：
Every one of the students passed the exam.每个学生考试都及了格。
everything pron.①每件事，事事：
I set down everything that happened then.我记下了那时发生的所有事情。分
You can’t predict everything accurately.你不可能准确预测所有事情。
One fault may lose everything.一着不慎，满盘皆输。
②最重要的事：Health means everything.健康是最重要的。
everywhere adv.到处：Although the police had searched everywhere, they couldn’t find the two missing boys.
尽管警察到处搜查，他们还是找不到那两个失踪的男孩。
evidence n. ①证据，证词：
With more and more evidence gathered, the truth has been obvious.
随着越来越多的证据的收集，事实已经很明显了。
②迹象，行迹：There was no evidence of a struggle in the room.房间里找不出搏斗的痕迹。
【拓展】evident adj.明显的，明白的：It’s evident that you are tired.显然你累了。
It is evident that success lies in hard work.很明显，成功在于努力工作。
evil adj.邪恶的，坏的， 不幸的，不吉的：
The man has gained an evil reputation. 这个人名声很坏。
We cannot close our eyes to evildoers and evil deeds.我们对坏人坏事决不能熟视无睹。
【拓展】evil还可以作名词用：
Honesty is a virtue while greed is an evil，as the saying goes.
俗语说，诚实是一种美德，而贪婪是一种罪恶。
evolution n.进化，演变：
Over the long process of evolution, animals have developed their unique senses, which makes it possible for them to survive their environments.在漫长的进化过程中，动物发展出了自己独特的感官，这使得它们能够在环境中生存下来。
evolve v.使发展，使进化：
It is culture more than anything else that determines how a nation’s civilization evolves.
是文化而不是任何其他的什么东西来决定一个国家的文明进展。
Popular music evolved from folk songs.行音乐从民歌演变而来。
The three species evolved from a single ancestor.这三种生物从同一祖先进化而来。
The simple plan evolved into a complicated scheme.这个简单的计划发展成了一项复杂的规划。
exact adj.①精确的，确切的：I remember being paid for the job, but I forget the exact amount.
我记得我得到了这份工作的报酬，但我忘了确切的数目。
②精密的，严谨的：She is a very exact person.她是个一丝不苟的人。
③恰好，正好，截然：
He started to phone me at the exact moment I started to phone him.
他给我打电话时，我也正好给他的打电话。
The colours were an exact match.颜色极为协调。
Her second husband was the exact opposite of her first.她的第二任丈夫与第一任截然不同。
exam=examination n.
①考试，测试：
You should set a goal and see whether you can achieve it in the coming exam.
你应该设定一个目标并看你是否能在即将来临的考试中达到。
He did better in the midterm examination than expected.他期中考试发挥的比预期要好。
②检查，审查，调查：She went to hospital for an examination.她到医院检查身体去了。
examine v.检查，调查，诊察：
They examined all baggage at the airport.他们在机场检查了所有行李。
Lucy found herself being examined in hospital when she opened her eyes.
当露西睁开眼的时候发现自己正在医院接受检查。
example n.①例子，例证：
Give me an example of what you mean.给我举个例子说明你的意思。
Do you speak any other languages, for example French or German?
你会说别的语言吗，例如法语或德语？
②榜样，模范：
You should set an example to/for them.=You should set them an example.
你应该给他们树立一个榜样。
exceed v.超过，超越，胜过：
Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, exceeding the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.在此期间，新增就业岗位约13500个，超过市场分析师预期的12000个。
How long do you think it will be before another e-commerce giant comes out to exceed Alibaba?
你知道要过多久才会出现另一个电子商务巨头，超越阿里巴巴。
excellent adj.出色的，极好的，优秀的：
Because of her excellent work she was given many awards.
由于她出色的工作，她获得了许多奖项。
In all his life, Dickens wrote a large number of excellent novels, some of which are still popular.
狄更斯一生中写了一大批优秀的作品，其中的一些现在仍然很受欢迎。
【拓展】excellence n.优点，优秀，卓越：
He was honoured with an award for excellence in teaching.他荣获了优秀教学奖。
You and your team bring excellence and professionalism to this competition.
你和你的团队为比赛带来了卓越和专业的精神。
except prep.除……之外：
Everyone except me got an invitation.除了我之外，所有的人都收到了请柬。
Your composition is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
除了几个拼写错误，你的作文写得很好。(except for除了，肯定整体对部分加以修正)
conj.除了，只是：Our dresses were the same except mine was red.
我们的连衣裙是一样的，只是我的那件是红色。
【拓展】①其后除接名词或代词外，还可接副词、介词短语、动词不定式；作为连词还可以接that从句、when从句、what从句、why从句、where从句等：
Peter has been always present except quite recently.除了最近几天之外，彼得经常出席。
He cannot spare any time except on Sunday.除星期日外，他抽不出时间。
It had no effect except to make him angry.除惹他生气外，没产生任何效果。
—How about your trip to West Lake?
—Everything was wonderful except that my car broke down ____ twice on the way.
“你的西湖之旅怎么样？”“一切都很好，除了我的车在路上坏了两次。”
I know nothing about it except what I read in the paper.
除了我在报上读到的情况外，我对此一无所知。
He’s good-looking except when he smiles.他长得不错，可一笑就不行了。
My papers seem to be everywhere except where they ought to be.
我的文件似乎完全不在它们应该放置的地方。
I understand everything except why she killed him.
我一切都明白，只是不理解她为什么把他杀死了。
②后接动词时，通常不用动名词，而用不定式。该不定式有时带to，有时不带to，情形大致为：其前有do，不定式不带to；其前没有do，不定式通常带 to：
Ida would not speak to him except to answer questions. 
除了回答问题，艾达都不和他说话。
③besides, but与except：
▲besides 表示一种累加关系，意指“除了什么之外，还有……”；而 except 或 but 则表示一种排除关系，意指“除了什么之外，不再有……”。但在否定句中，besides 也表示“除……之外不再有…… ”，与but, except同义：
No one passed the exam besides except] Jim.除吉姆外，没一个人通过考试。
▲but与except均表示“除……外不再有……”，其区别是：but侧重指意义的几乎完整性，而 except 则侧重指后面除去的部分：
All are here but one.除一个人都到了。
All are here except one.还有一个人没到。
exception n.例外，除外：
I enjoyed all his novels with the exception of his last.
除了他的最后一篇小说外，我喜欢他的所有的小说。
Language has always been the mirror to society. English is no exception.
语言一直是社会的镜子，英语也不例外。
【拓展】exceptional adj.例外的，优秀的，特别的：
There are three exceptional situations, which you must handle separately.
有三种例外的状况，您必须对其单独处理。
Ten exceptional teachers in our school will be selected to teach Chinese in London .
我们学校将选出十位优秀教师在伦敦教汉语。
exchange n.①交换，互换：
The technical cooperation and cultural exchanges between the two countries are daily on the
increase.两个国家之间的技术合作和文化交流在日益增加。
②兑换：What’s the rate of exchange today?今天的外汇率是多少?
v.交换，互换：
I always exchanged my pens with my classmates because I always made mistakes with my own.
我总是和我的同学交换钢笔，因为我用我自己的总是犯错误。
【拓展】①用作动词表示“交换”时，若交换的对象为可数名词，通常要用复数形式：
exchange seats(交换座位)，exchange ideas(交换意见)；若交换的对象为不可数名词，则不用复数：exchange information(交换信息)。
②exchange A for B=用A换B，其中A是被更换的东西，B是要换来的东西：
I bought this coat yesterday and I wanted to exchange it for a blue one.
这件外套我是昨天买的，我想换件蓝色的。
③in exchange for交换：
He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.他用一个苹果交换了我的一块蛋糕。
excite v.使兴奋，使激动：Don’t excite yourself.不要激动。
The news excited everybody.这消息使每个人都很兴奋。
【拓展】①excited与exciting：前者指感到兴奋的(指人的心理感受)，后者指令人兴奋的(事情或事物所具有的特征)：
an exciting voice=令人激动的声音(指该voice会使听话人激动)：
an excited voice=激动的声音(指发出这个voice的人很激动)：
How I was excited when I heard the exciting news!
当我听到这个令人兴奋的消息，我是多么兴奋啊。
②excitement n.激动，兴奋，刺激，令人激动(或兴奋)的事：
The principal’s opening remarks at the new year’s party threw the students into excitement.
校长在新年晚会上的开场白使学生们兴奋不已。
exclude v.排斥，排除，不包括：
It wasn’t until Monday night that we were told that Unit 5 would be excluded.
直到星期一晚上，我们才被告知第5单元将被排除在外。
The Academy excluded women from its classes.该学院不招收女学生。
【拓展】exclusion n.拒绝，杜绝，排除，驱逐：
He was disappointed with his exclusion from the England squad.
他对自己没有入选英格兰队感到失望。
A spokeswoman for Mr. Prescott yesterday made it clear that he had been unhappy at his
exclusion.普雷斯科特先生的发言人昨天表明他对于自己被拒绝十分不满。
excuse n.借口，托辞：Don’t make up an excuse. It’s no use.不要编借口了。没用。
He found an excuse and left.他借故离开。
v.①原谅，宽恕，(与me连用)，对不起，打扰：
Please excuse my bad handwriting.请你原谅我的字写得不好。
Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me?打扰一下，可以帮我个忙吗？
②免除(做)，同意(不做)：
The teacher excused me from (attending) the meeting.老师同意我不参加会议。
【拓展】后接动词作宾语时，要用动名词(可带逻辑主语)：
Excuse me for coming late.=Excuse my coming late.来迟了，对不起。
exercise n.①锻炼，运动，训练：
As students, we should often take part in physical exercise.作为学生，我们应该经常参加体育锻炼。
②(常用复)做操，体操：Have you done your exercises today?你今天做操了吗？
③练习(题)，训练：You’re to hand in your exercises tomorrow.你们明天要交练习。
v.锻炼，行使：
Unless you exercise regularly as well, you won’t be able to lose weight only by eating less.
如果你不经常锻炼，只减少饮食，也不能减轻体重。
Citizens are at liberty to exercise their rights, but under no circumstances can they violate other people’s
rights.公民可以自由地行使自己的权利，但他们绝不能损害他人的权益。
【拓展】take/do exercise锻炼，do one’s exercises做练习：
To keep fit, you should take more exercise. Don’t be always busy doing your exercises.
为了保持健康，你应当更多地锻炼锻炼。不要总是忙于做你的练习。
exhibition n.展览，展览会，陈列：
I wish to thank, in particular, all the people who have made this exhibition possible.
我尤其要感谢那些为这次展览会成功的所有人。
Now let me show you around our product exhibition room.现在让我陪你参观我们的产品陈列室。
【拓展】on exhibition=on display展览中：
Some of the children’s paintings are now on exhibition at the school.
学生的一些图作正在这所学校展览。
exist v.存在，有：Salt exists mostly in sea water.海水中存在的盐分最多。
Where love exists, there are miracles.有爱的地方就有奇迹(哪里有爱，哪里就有奇迹)。
existence n.存在，生存：Do you believe in the existence of ghosts?你相信有鬼吗？
The elephant is the largest land animal in existence.大象是现有的最大的陆地动物。
【拓展】①come into existence开始存在(短暂动作)：
Until recently historians assumed that calendars came into existence(=came to exist )with the advent of agriculture.
直到最近，历史学家们认为日历随着农业的出现而存在。
A completely new situation will arise when the new examination system comes into existence.
当新的考试系统形成的时候，一个完全崭新的局面会出现。
②be in existence存在(表示状态)
The high school has been in existence since 1902.这所中学自从1902年就成立了。
③in the existence of...……的存在：
Only if enough evidence is discovered will people believe in the existence of the monster.
只有足够多的证据被发现，人们才会相信怪兽的存在。
exit n. ①出口，太平门：
You must notice where the emergency exit is when you enter the building.
当你进入大楼时，必须要留意紧急出口在哪儿。
②退场，离去：He made his exit from the room with a bow.他鞠了个躬就走出房间。
v.出去，退场，退出，离开：
We exited via a fire door.我们从防火安全门走了出去。
As the actors exited the stage the lights went on.演员们退场时灯光便亮了起来。
I exited the database and switched off the computer.我退出数据库后关掉了计算机。
expand v.(使)扩大，(使)膨胀，(使)增加：
To stabilize economic growth, various measures are being taken to expand domestic demand.
为了稳定经济增长，正在采取措施扩大内需。
Iron expands when it is heated.铁加热就膨胀。
Much to my delight, my vocabulary has expanded a great deal.令我高兴的是，我的词汇量大大增加了。
【拓展】expansion n.扩张，扩大，扩张物，膨胀物：
The suggestion that they raised at the meeting is that it was about time that we opened up a
branch in town as the first step of our expansion.他们在会议上提出的建议是，我们是时候在
这个城镇开办一家分店来作为我们扩张的第一步了。
expect v.①预料，期望：
The surprised look on his face suggested he hadn’t expected that.
他脸上吃惊的表情表明他没有预料到会这样。
When he was only a boy, he was expected to become a world champion by his coach and
parents.句意：当他还是个孩子的时候，他的教练和父母就期望他成为世界冠军。
②认为，猜想：“Will he come today?” “ I expect(don’t expect)so.”
“他今天会回来吗?”“我想会来(不会来)。”
【拓展】①do you expect与疑问词连用时，疑问词应位于句首，而不是位于句中：
When do you expect to leave?你想什么时候离开？
(不可说Do you expect when you will leave?)
②可用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法和打算：
I had expected to come early, but I missed the early bus.
我本来想早点来的，但未赶上早班车。
③unexpected adj.出人意料的：
Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected.
到目前为止，我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了5万英镑，这是相当出人意料的。
expectation n.预料，期望：When we fail to live up to our own expectations, we often feel frustrated.
当我们达不到自己的期望时，我们会感到很沮丧。
【拓展】①in expectation of期望，期待，预计，预料：
He took an umbrella with him in expectation of rain.他预料天会下雨，带了一把伞。
Fans have already started to gather in expectation of a victory celebration. 
球迷们已经准备好开始庆祝期待中的胜利了。
②out of/beyond one’s expectation出乎某人的预料：
I would have attended your wedding anniversary, but one of my former classmates came to visit me, which was out of my expectation.我本来要参加你的结婚纪念日，但是我以前的一个同学来看我，这出乎我的意料。
Everything seemed to be settled. But beyond everyone’s expectation, another new problem
came up at the end of the meeting.似乎一切都解决了，但是超出所有人的预料，又一个
新问题在会议结束时出现了。
expense n.①消费，支出：Having a car is big expense.有汽车开销很大。
②(用复数)费用：This job doesn’t pay well, but it’ll roughly cover your daily expenses.
这份工作报酬不高，但差不多可以支付你的日常费用。
【拓展】①at the expense of以……为代价：
Many manufacturers were accused of concentrating too heavily on cost reduction, often at
the expense of the quality of their products.许多制造商被指责过于专注于降低成本，往往
以牺牲产品质量为代价。
②at one’s expense归……付费(或负担)，在损害(或牺牲)……的情况下，嘲弄某人：
This computer is of good quality. If it should break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
这种电脑的质量很好，如果在第一年中坏掉，我们会免费为你维修。
Why did Berk have a good laugh at Allan’s expense?为什么伯克对艾伦大加嘲笑？
③at one’s own expense自费：
Today, the majority of Chinese students studying overseas are doing so at their own expense. 
目前，绝大多数中国留学生都是自费生。
expensive adj.昂贵的：
Though houses are getting more and more expensive, people want to buy one of their own.
尽管房价越来越贵，人们仍然想买一栋属于自己的房子。
【拓展】inexpensive adj.便宜，不贵的，廉价的：
The whole nation is struggling to work out an inexpensive and effective solution to smog.
全国上下都在努力寻找一种便宜，又有效的雾霾解决方法。
experience n.经验(不可数名词)，经历(可数名词)：
Tom is a man of much experience and he had a lot of interesting experiences in his life.
汤姆是一个经验丰富的人，他在他的生活中有很多有趣的经历。
【拓展】experience v.经历：
He will always remember the moment when he experienced the terrible earthquake.
他将永远记得他经历那场可怕地震的那一刻。
experiment n.实验，试验：The students are doing/carrying out an experiment in physics.
学生们正在进行物理实验。
v.做实验：He experiments on mice.他用老鼠做实验。
【拓展】experimental adj.实验的：
This theory is found to be in line with the experimental results.
我们发现这个理论与实验结果一致。
expert n.专家，能手：Experts have shared their opinions on how to approach the changes in the digital age.
专家们就如何应对数字时代的变化发表了意见。
She is an expert with the needle.她是缝纫能手。
【拓展】adj.熟练的：He is expert at/in/on teaching children.他是教孩子的能手。
explain v.解释，说明：
Is this the reason he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
这就是他在会上解释他工作粗心的原因吗？
Please explain this rule to me.请将这条规则给我说明一下。(不可以用for替代to)
explanation n.解释，说明：
What was her explanation for why she was late on such an important occasion?
她为什么在这么重要的场合迟到，有什么解释？
explicit adj.清楚的，明确的：
I don’t quite understand what you are saying—could you be a bit more explicit?
我不太明白你在说什么，你能说得更清楚一点吗？
explode v.①爆炸，引爆：
The firework exploded in his hand and he was injured.炮竹在他的手上爆炸了，他受了伤。
He exploded a bomb.他引爆了炸弹。
②激增，大大增加：
The supply of books has exploded in China in recent years.近年来，中国的书籍供应量大大增加。
【拓展】explosion爆发，爆炸，炸裂，扩张，激增：
Had they known that there was an explosion in Thailand, they might have had second thoughts
about traveling there.如果他们知道泰国会发生爆炸，对于去泰国旅行这件事他们也许会三
思而行的。
He explains that there was an explosion of courses through the 1960s. 
他解释说20世纪60年代课程迅速增多。
exploit v.①开采，开发：
It’s required that mineral resources be exploited hand in hand with the local environment protection.
要求矿产资源开发与当地环境保护并举。
②利用，剥削：
She fully exploited the humor of her role in the play and made it a great success.
她充分利用了剧中角色的幽默，使之大获成功。
The capitalists exploit workers.资本家剥削工人。
【拓展】exploitation n.开采/发，剥削，利用：
There are some warnings in some countries that over exploitation of underground water has
caused the decline of wetland and increase of desertification.在一些国家有很多警告，过分的
开采地下水已经导致湿地的减少和沙漠化的增加。
I have a vision of a society that is free of exploitation and injustice.
我希望建立一个没有剥削和不公的社会。
explore v.①探险，考察，勘查，探测，勘探：
Have you really explored your nearest town? 你真的考察了离你们那儿最近的城镇了吗？
They explored this desert region in 1923. 他们于一九二三年在这荒漠地区探险。
The biggest obstacle for the Chinese and others hoping to explore these areas is a shortage of 
resources.中国和其他希望勘探这些地区的人面临的最大障碍是资源短缺。
②探索，探讨，挖掘：
In your free time, explore all that this incredible city has to offer. 
您可以在闲暇时间探索这座美妙城市的各种风情。
The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.
大会探讨了在贸易上进一步加强联系的可能性。
You should explore your talents so as to find out where your real interests lie.
你应该发掘你的天赋以便找到你真正的兴趣所在。
【拓展】①explorer n.探险者：
The first European explorers arrived in American in the 15th century.
在15世纪，欧洲第一批探险者到达美洲。
②exploration n.探索：
It is said that he is focusing on another book on space exploration.
据说他又在写一本关于太空探索的书。
export n. ①外销，出口：
The US is China’s biggest export market, accounting for more than 70 percent of China’s exports.
美国是中国最大的出口国，其出口量约占超过百分之七十。
②(常用复)出口商品，输出品：
Wool is one of the chief exports of Australia.羊毛是澳大利亚的主要出口货物之一。
v.出口，输出：
47.5% of the rice produced on this farm is going to be exported to other countries at the end of next month.
在下个月底，这个农场生产的稻米的47.5%将出口到其它国家。
The blood exports waste products from the tissues.血液把身体组织里的废物输出。
expose v.①曝露：Being exposed to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may influence genes in human bodies.
暴露于核辐射中甚至很短时间都会影响人体的基因。
②揭露：The newspaper exposed his terrible secret.报纸揭露了他骇人听闻的秘密。
【拓展】exposure n.暴露，曝光，揭发，公开：
As we know, too much exposure to X-rays can cause skin burns, cancer or other damage to the
body.如我们所知，过多地暴露在X光下会导致皮肤灼伤、癌症或其他身体损伤。
I threatened them with public exposure.我扬言要公开揭发他们。
express v.①表达，表示：
I am grateful to you for the chance to express my feelings.我很感激你给我机会表达我的感情。
②表明，说明：
The signs on the buses are expressed in both English and Spanish.
公共汽车上的标志用英语和西班牙语说明。
n.①快车：The next day I left for London on the express.第二天我搭了快车赴伦敦。
②快件，特快专递：
When we got to the railway station, the express hadn’t started yet, so we needn’t have hurried．
当我们到达火车站时，快车还没开，所以我们不必匆忙。
Send the letter by express.这封信寄快件。
expression n. ①表达，表示：She gave expression to her sadness.她显出忧伤的样子。
②词句，说法，短语：
It’s a favorite expression of the day.这是当今的热门说法。
Some of the texts have too many new words and expressions which are hard for me.
这些文本中有太多对我们来说很难的单词和短语。
③表情，神情：
From the satisfied expression on his face, I know everything is well under way.
从他脸上满意的表情，我知道一切都进行得很顺利。
She always has a sleepy expression.她总是一副懒洋洋的表情。
【拓展】①beyond expression无法形容：
She was beautiful beyond expression.她美得无法形容。
②without expression毫无表情：
His face was without expression.他的脸上毫无表情。
extend v.延伸，扩大，延长，伸展，传递：
The high-speed train service is planned to extend from Paris to Bordeaux.
高铁拟从巴黎延伸至波尔多。
This year they have introduced three new products to extend their range
今年他们发布了3种新产品，以扩大产品范围。
I’m afraid we can’t finish the task as scheduled. Can we ask the boss to have the deadline extended?
我担心我们不能按时完成任务。我们能请求老板延长截止期限吗？
The table extends to 220cm.桌子伸展后长220厘米。
Try to extend to each person all your kindness and understanding and the world will be a better place to
live in.努力把你的善良和理解传递给每个人，世界将会是一个更好居住的地方。
【拓展】extension n.
①延长，伸展，扩大：
He will appeal to the state for an extension of unemployment benefits. 
他将呼吁国家延长领取失业救济金的时限。
The plan for a new airport have been scrapped in favour of an extension to the old one.
新机场的计划已被取消，改扩建旧机场。
②延长部分，扩建部分：
They’ve built an extension onto the back of their house. 
他们在房子后面又扩建了一部分。
③(电话)分机：Could I have extension 828, please?请接828号分机。
extra adj.①额外的，另加的：
Don’t take on too much work—the extra salary isn’t worth it.
不要承担太多的工作——额外的工资不值得。
②另外收费的：Dinner costs 50 dollars, and wine is extra.饭菜50美元，酒费在外。
extraordinary adj.非凡的，特别的，非常奇特的，非同寻常的，超常的：
Yuan Longping has won many awards, which shows his extraordinary achievements.
袁隆平赢得许多奖，这表明了他的非凡成就。
Children under six are not admitted to school except those of extraordinary intelligence.
六岁以下的儿童不允许上学除非那些有超常智力的孩子。
extreme adj.①极端的，过激的：
They felt it was high tax and low income that contributed to the extreme misery of the working
people at the bottom of the ladder.他们觉得是高税收和低收入造成了底层劳动人民的极度悲惨
的生活。
②尽头的，末端的，开头的：He lives at the extreme edge of the forest.他住在森林的最边上。
【拓展】extreme n.(常用复)极端：Joy and grief are extremes.喜与悲是两个极端。
eye n. ①眼睛：The man opened his eyes, only to find himself left alone in the room.
那人睁开眼睛，却发现房间里只剩下他一个人。
②(用单数)眼力，眼光：He has an eye for the beautiful.他有审美眼光。
③见解，观点：We are children in his eyes.在他眼里我们都是孩子。
eyesight n.视力，视觉：He has such poor eyesight that sometimes he can’t see an inch ahead.
他的视力是如此之差以至于有时候他一英尺以为的东西都看不见。