高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 1 Art学案

这是一份高中英语人教版 (2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 1 Art学案，共25页。
背景导学
It’s OK t say yu’ve never heard f Grime-unless yn’re frm the UK. That’s because this music was invented in the UK in the early 2000s.
T smene wh’s nt familiar with undergrund music culture, it’s easy t get cnfused between hip hp and Grime since they are bth nisy. And many peple didn’t bther t tell them apart, until earlier this mnth when Grime stars like Strmzy and J Hus led this year’s MOBO Awards—“Music f Black Origin”—an award in the UK.
Just like UK electrnic music and hip hp, frm which Grime drew influence, it mstly reflects the thughts f yung peple. But different frm hip hp, Grime singers sing in dialect with strng accents, giving a special flavr t their sngs.
Lady Leshurr, knwn as the “Grime Queen”, said that she nce tried t hide her accent, as she didn’t want peple t judge her. But ne day, she realized that she didn’t need t change herself just t please thers. And there’s n dubt that this is the mst basic and imprtant quality f Grime music: be yurself.
Als different frm the hip hp culture, which usually fcuses n being rich, Grime singers pay mre attentin t scial phenmena like the Eurpean refugee prblem and the gap between the rich and the pr.
Althugh still quite yung, Grime seems t be getting favred by mre and mre peple. In 2016, the English Grime musician Skepta wn the Mercury Prize with his album Knnichiwa, beating big names like David Bwie and Radihead. Hwever, whether Grime is ne day accepted by the mainstream music wrld r nt, ne thing is fr sure: in Grime, singers always stay true t themselves.
1.What d hip hp and Grime music have in cmmn?
A. They are riginated in the UK.B. They make a lt f lud nise.
C. They challenge traditinal cultures.D. They are full f creative ideas.
答案：B
2.What can be learnt abut Grime singers?
A. They care t much abut themselves.B. They refuse t be judged by thers.
C. They tend t take scial respnsibilities.D. They shw strng independent qualities.
答案：B
3.What des Skepta’s success suggest?
A. Grime is gradually getting recgnized.B. Singers shuld try t be themselves.
C. Grime has becme mainstream music.D. It is easy t win the Mercury Prize.
答案：A
Sectin Ⅰ Reading and Thinking
自主学习·激发潜能
Ⅰ. 课文翻译
Ⅱ. 词汇拓展
1. precise /prɪ'saɪs/adj. 准确的；精确的→ precisely /prɪ'saɪsli/adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此
2. realistic /ɪri:ə'lɪstɪk/adj. 现实的；逼真的→ realism /'ri:əlɪzəm/n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→ realist /'ri:əlɪst/n. 现实主义艺术家（或作家等）；现实主义者→ real /'ri:əl/adj. 真实的；真的→ reality /ri’æləti/n. 现实
3. humanistic /, hju: mə'nɪstɪk/adj.人文主义的→ humanity /hju:'mænəti/n. 人性；人道；（统称）人类→ human /hju: mən/n. 人，人类
4. influential /,ɪnflu’enʃl/adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→ influence /,ɪnfluəns/n.影响（力）；作用
5. phtgraphy /fə'tɒgrəfi/n. 照相术；摄影→ phtgraph /, fəʊtəgrɑ: f/n. 照片v.拍照→ phtgrapher /fə'tɒgrəfə( r )/n. 摄影师
6. emerge /ɪ'mɜ: dʒ/vi. & vt. 出现；浮现；暴露→ emergent /ɪ'mɜ: dʒənt/adj.处于发展初期的；新兴的
7. sculpture /'skʌlptʃə( r )/n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术→ sculptr /'skʌlpt( r )/n. 雕刻家；雕塑家
8. visual /'vɪʒuəl/adj. 视觉的；视力的→ visually /'vɪʒuəlɪ/adv. 外观上；表面上→ visin /'vɪʒən/n. 视力；视野
9. arch /ɑ: tʃ/vt. & vi. 呈弧形横跨；（使）成弓形 n. 拱；拱门；拱形物→ arched /ɑ: tʃt/adj. 拱形的；弓形的
10. investment /ɪn’vestmənt/n. 投资额；投资；（时间、精力的）投入→ invest /ɪn’vest/ v. 投资；投入（时间、精力等）
Ⅲ. 情境词块
1.set apart frm 使与众不同；使突出；使优于……
2.as a result 结果
3.cncentrate n 集中注意力于……
4.build n 以……为基础
5.fcus n 集中于……
6.turn t 转向；向……求助
7.尤其；特别 in particular
8.对……的态度 an attitude t/twards
9.赢得声誉 gain a reputatin
10.也；又；还 as well
Ⅳ. 情境佳句
1.
2.
文本互动·合作探究
Ⅰ. 文本理解
1.Reading fr the main idea.
What’s the main idea f the text?
A.Characteristics f Western painting.
B.A brief histry f the develpment f Western painting.
C.Sme representatives f Western painting.
D.Fur different art styles.
答案：B
Reading fr the structure.
Fill in the fllwing blanks with prper wrds.
Reading fr the details.
1.What is the purpse f Western art during the Middle Ages?
A.Painting realistic scenes.
B.Teaching peple abut Christianity.
C.Shwing real peple in a real envirnment.
D.Shwing a deep emtinal impact.
答案： B
2.Which f the fllwing artists desn’t belng t the Renaissance?
da Vinci.
Mnet.
答案： D
3.What caused the emergence f Impressinism?
A.The inventin f phtgraphy.
B.The slw develpment f Western art.
C.Peple’s lve fr nature.
D.The artists’ lve fr themselves.
答案： A
4.Which f the fllwing is TRUE accrding t the text?
A.The paintings f Gitt di Bndne are representative f The Renaissance.
B.Artists in the Middle Ages began t adpt a mre humanistic attitude t life.
C.Impressin， Sunrise was created by Renir.
D.Mdern artists are nt sure abut the future f art.
答案：D
5.Frm which is the passage prbably taken?
A.A strybk.B.A science magazine.
C.An art magazine.D.A business reprt.
答案：C
Ⅱ. 难句突破
1.Perhaps the best way t understand Western art is t lk at the develpment f Western painting ver the centuries.
【译文】也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展历程。
解析：【分析】本句是一个主系表结构，其中第一个动词不定式短语t understand Western art作后置定语，修饰way；第二个不定式短语t lk at the develpment f Western painting作表语。
2. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used il ， this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669)， wh gained a reputatin as a master f shadw and light .
【译文】尽管早在达·芬奇时期，画家们就已经开始使用油彩绘画了，但这种技艺被伦勃朗(1606—1669)运用到了极致，他被誉为“光影大师”。
解析：【分析】本句是一个主从复合句，主句为this technique reached its height with Rembrandt，其中While painters as early as Da Vinci had used il为while引导的让步状语从句，wh gained a reputatin as a master f shadw and light为wh引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰Rembrandt。
Ⅲ. 概要写作
Step 1 Questin Answering
根据课文内容回答下列问题。
1.During the develpment f Western art, hw many perids are mentined in the text?
Fur perids f Western art are mentined in the text.
2.What did painters mainly paint during the Middle Ages?
They mainly painted things f religius themes.
3.What are the characteristics f the paintings during the Middle Ages?
The paintings are primitive and tw-dimensinal.
4.What are the tw innvatins during the Renaissance?
They are the use f perspective and il paints.
5.What subject did painters mainly pay attentin t during the Renaissance?
The painters mainly paid attentin t peple and the wrld arund us.
6.What painting is the representative f Impressinism?
Impressin, Sunrise by Claude Mnet is the representative f Impressinism.
7.After Impressinism, what did artists d?
They began t seek new ways.
Step 2 Sentence Rewriting
1.使用句型转换方式改写第1句。(There be…)
There are fur perids f Western art mentined in the text.
2.使用词汇替换方式改写第2句。(relate t)
During the Middle Ages, painters mainly painted things related t religin.
3.使用定语从句合并第2、3句。
During the Middle Ages, painters mainly painted things related t religin, whse wrks are primitive and tw-dimensinal.
4.使用词汇替换方式改写第5句。(fcus n)
The painters mainly fcused n peple and the wrld arund us.
5.使用句型转换方式改写第6句。(非谓语动词作后置定语)
The representative f Impressinism is the painting called Impressin, Sunrise by Claude Mnet.
Step 3 Summary Writing
1.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的文章概要。
There are fur perids f Western art mentined in the text. During the Middle Ages, painters mainly painted things related t religin, whse wrks are primitive and tw-dimensinal. Next is the Renaissance, when painters used perspective and il paints, fcusing n peple and the wrld arund us. Then emerged Impressinism. The representative f this perid is the painting called Impressin, Sunrise by Claude Mnet. After Impressinism, artists began t seek new ways. This perid is called Mdern Art.
新知清障·素养构建
核心词汇
1. in particular 尤其；特别；格外
In particular， his paintings are set apart frm ther paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emtinal impact. 他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。（教材P2）
典例翻译
①He lves reading， science fictin in particular. = He lves reading，especially/particularly science fictin.
他喜欢阅读，尤其是科幻小说。
②In this particular case， n ne else was invlved.
在这个特定案例中，没有其他人牵涉其中。
③As we all knw， the British are rather particular abut table manners.
众所周知，英国人对餐桌礼仪相当讲究。
④We are particularly grateful t him fr his timely help.
我们特别感谢他的及时帮助。
归纳拓展
（1）particular adj.特定的；特别的；挑剔的
对……讲究/挑剔 be particular abut
（2） particularly adv.尤其；特别；格外（相当于in particular）
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①（2019浙江）What’s particularly （particular） interesting is the attitude varius cities have tward Dubanchet’s cause.
②Peter was lying n the sfa ding nthing in particular.
（2）单句写作
③这位设计师在用色上非常讲究。
The designer is very particular abut the clurs he uses.
2. set apart frm 使与众不同；使突出；使优于
In particular， his paintings are set apart frm ther paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emtinal impact. 他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。（教材P2）
典例翻译
①Man’s ability t reasn sets him apart frm ther animals.
人的思考能力使其有别于其他动物。
②In legend， peple set ff firecrackers t scare the mnster “Nian” away.
传说，人们放鞭炮是为了吓跑年兽。
③He is used t setting dwn his imprtant thughts in his diary.
他习惯了把他的重要想法写在日记里。
④Encuraged by the gvernment， many cities set up wind farms n their land.
在政府的鼓励下，许多城市在它们的土地上建立了风力发电场。
归纳拓展
（1）出发；动身；使爆炸 set ff
（2）留出；忽视；不顾 set aside
（3）着手；开始（后跟ding sth.） set abut
（4）（怀着目标）开始工作（后跟t d sth.） set ut
（5）写下；记下 set dwn
（6）建立；安排；搭建 set up
学以致用
（1）用set的相关短语填空
①（2019北京）Alice Mre is a teenager entrepreneur （创业者）， wh in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy.
② Set aside sme time each day t practice speaking English， even if it is nly five minutes.
（2）句式转换
③Armed with the infrmatin yu have gathered， yu can set abut preparing yur business plan.
= Armed with the infrmatin yu have gathered， yu can set ut t prepare fr yur business plan.
3. as a result结果；因此
As a result， painters cncentrated less n religius themes. 因此，画家们对宗教题材的关注变少了。（教材P2）
典例翻译
①I ften turn t my classmates r teachers fr help. As a result， I have made prgress in my study.
我经常向我的同班同学或老师求助。因此，我在自己的学习上取得了进步。
②Her hair started falling ut as a result f the sudden disease.
由于这场突如其来的疾病，她开始掉头发。
③Lack f safety educatin resulted in the tw bys’ drwning.
安全教育的缺失导致了这两个男孩的溺亡。
④The terrible accident resulted frm a driver’s drunk driving.
那起可怕的事故是由一个司机酒驾引起的。
归纳拓展
（1）因为；由于 as a result f
（2）结果为；导致 result in
（3）由于；源自 result frm
易错辨析
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①The sprts meeting has t be put ff as a result f the terrible weather.
（2）句型转换
②He was t careless. As a result， he failed the English test.
→He failed the test as a result f his carelessness.
→His carelessness resulted in his failure in the English test.
→His failure in the English test resulted frm his carelessness.
4. influential adj.有很大影响力的；有支配力的
Influential painters such as Lenard da Vinci （1452-1519）， Michelangel （1475-1564）， and Raphael （1483-1520） built upn Gitt and Masacci’s innvatins t prduce sme f the greatest art that Eurpe had ever seen. 一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇（1452—1519）、米开朗基罗（1475—1564）和拉斐尔（1483—1520），在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出了欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。（教材P2）
典例翻译
①The bard f directrs are influential in deciding whether t carry ut the new prject.
董事会成员左右着是否要进行这个新项目。
②His writings have influenced the lives f millins.
他的作品影响了数百万人。
③Yu may have experienced smething called test anxiety， which can have a negative influence n yur perfrmance.
你可能经历过一种叫做考试焦虑的东西，它会对你的表现产生负面影响。
归纳拓展
（1）对（做）某事颇有影响 be influential in （ding） sth.
（2）influence v.影响；对……起作用n.影响；作用；支配力；影响力
对……有影响 have an influence n/upn…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①（2020浙江1月）A key skill set fr success is persistence（毅力）， a characteristic that researchers say is heavily influenced （influence） by fathers.
②（2019天津）It is advisable that yu present sme wrks f the mst influential （influence） artists and have a brief review f hw Western painting has develped int what it is tday.
（2）单句写作
③梵高（Van Ggh）对于现代绘画的发展有着重大影响。（have an influence n）
Van Ggh had a majr influence n the develpment f mdern painting.
5. reputatin n.名誉；名声While painters as early as Da Vinci had used il， this technique reached its height with Rembrandt (1606-1669)， wh gained a reputatin as a master f shadw and light. 尽管早在达·芬奇时期，画家们就已经开始使用油彩绘画了，但这种技艺被伦勃朗(1606—1669)运用到了极致，他被誉为“光影大师”。(教材P2)
典例翻译
①Burns had/enjyed a reputatin fr being funny and pleasant t be arund.
伯恩斯以为人风趣幽默、平易近人而著称。
②The law firm has an excellent reputatin.
这家律师事务所声誉卓著。
③He is a well-respected teacher and what he has dne fr the kids has wn him a gd reputatin.
他是一位受人尊敬的老师，他为孩子们所做的一切为他赢得了良好的声誉。
④If yu frequently break yur prmises， yu will destry/ruin yur reputatin and peple wn’t trust yu anymre.
如果你经常食言，就会损毁你的名誉，人们将不会再相信你。
归纳拓展
（1）以……而闻名 have/enjy a reputatin fr…
（2）有美名/恶名 have a gd/bad/excellent reputatin
（3）赢得好名声 win/earn/gain a gd reputatin
（4）败坏/毁掉某人的声誉 destry/ruin ne’s reputatin
（5）名副其实live up t ne’s reputatin
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Daydreamers have a bad reputatin fr being unaware f what’s happening arund them.
（2）完成句子
②孙悟空是《西游记》中的人物之一，在读者中享有良好的声誉。
Sun Wukng， ne f the characters in Jurney t the West， has a gd reputatin amng readers.
③这家餐厅的服务果然名不虚传，我们得到了很好的服务。
The service at this restaurant lived up t its reputatin ， and we were well served.
6. purchase vt.购买; 采购n.购买; 购买的东西
Kings， nbles， and peple f high rank wanted t purchase accurate pictures f themselves and the peple they lved. 国王、贵族和地位很高的人都想购买自己和他们所爱之人的写实画像。(教材P2)
典例翻译
①Custmers wh pay by credit card can purchase tickets frm the website at a lw discunt.
用信用卡付钱的顾客可以以低折扣从该网站购票。
②She likes cmparing prices befre she makes a purchase.
她喜欢比较价格后才购买东西。
归纳拓展
（1）从……购买…… purchase…frm… （2）采购 make a purchase
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Nw， even cars can be purchased (purchase) n the Internet with just a few clicks f a muse.
②Yu can purchase the equipment frm the lcal supplier.
（2）单句写作
③老师们建议学校应该购买更多的电脑来满足学生的需求。
Teachers suggested that the schl shuld purchase mre cmputers t satisfy students’ needs.
④本周他将和他的父母一起去超市采购。
This week he is ging t make a purchase in the supermarket with his parents.
7. emerge vi.&vt.出现; 浮现; 暴露
Frm this， Impressinism emerged in France. 印象派由此在法国兴起。(教材P3)
典例翻译
①When I caught sight f the scenery， a wnderful thught emerged in my mind.
看到眼前的风景，我脑海里浮现出了一个绝妙的想法。
②The rain stpped and the sun emerged frm behind the cluds.
雨停了，太阳从云层后露了出来。
③He emerged as a key figure in the event.
他在这次赛事上作为关键人物出现。
归纳拓展
（1）从……中出现 emerge frm
作为……出现 emerge as
（2） emergence n.出现; 显现
（3） emergent adj.新出现的; 处于萌芽阶段的
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①Biengineering is an emergent (emerge) branch f learning.
②The 1960s saw the emergence (emerge) f many new natins.
（2）完成句子
③2020年，在线学习成为一种流行的模式。
Learning nline emerged as a ppular mde in 2020.
8. cnvey vt.表达; 传递(思想、感情等); 传送
In this wrk， Mnet’s aim was t cnvey the light and mvement in the scene-the subjective impressin the scene gave him-but nt a detailed recrd f the scene itself. 在这幅作品中，莫奈试图表达场景中的光线和变化，这是场景给他的主观印象，而不是对场景本身的详细记录。(教材P3)
典例翻译
①I fund it hard t cnvey my feelings in wrds. 我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。
②Please cnvey my appreciatin t yur parents fr their kindness.
请向你的父母传达我对他们的好意的感激之情。
③Yur luggage will be cnveyed frm the airprt t the htel by taxi.
你的行李将由出租车从机场送到酒店。
归纳拓展
（1）表达某人的情感/谢意/祝愿 cnvey ne’s feelings/thanks/wishes
（2）向某人表达/传达…… cnvey sth. t sb.
（3）把某人/某物从……运送到…… cnvey sb./sth. frm…t…
学以致用
（1）单句填空
①The plice asked the driver t cnvey the passengers frm the spt t the destinatin safely.
②The fficer rdered that the necessities be cnveyed (cnvey) immediately t the earthquake-hit areas.
（2）单句写作
③这首诗向读者传达了诗人的情感。
This pem cnveys the pet’s feelings t readers.
重点句型
1. as引导状语从句
As there have been s many different styles f Western art， it is impssible t describe them all in a shrt text. 由于西方艺术的风格迥异，用一篇简短的文章把它们都描述出来是不可能的。(教材P2)
典例翻译
①D as yu are tld， r yu’ll be fired.
叫你做什么你就做什么，否则你会被解雇。
②As she grew lder， she gained in cnfidence.
随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。
③Search as they wuld here and there， they culd find nthing in the rm.
尽管到处寻找，但他们在房间里找不到任何东西。
④The task is nt as hard as I thught.
这项任务没有我想象的那么困难。
归纳拓展
（1）as引导的状语从句有以下几种：原因状语从句，方式状语从句，时间状语从句，让步状语从句，和比较状语从句。
（2）as引导让步状语从句时，意为“ 虽然，尽管 ”，从句要倒装，常把从句中的表语、状语、谓语中的实义动词提前。若提前的表语是可数名词单数，其前不用冠词。
学以致用
（1）完成句子
①随着时间的流逝，我妈妈的头发变白了。
As time ges by ，my mther’s hair has turned grey.
②他的英语说得和你一样流利。
He speaks English as fluently as yu （d） .
（2）句型转换
③Althugh it was ht at night，we slept sundly because we were s tired after a lng jurney. （as引导让步状语从句）
Ht as it was at night， we slept sundly because we were s tired after a lng jurney.
2. while引导让步状语从句
While his paintings still had religius themes， they shwed real peple in a real envirnment. 虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。（教材P2）
典例翻译
①Sme peple live in a dream wrld while thers live t realize their dreams.
有些人生活在梦想的世界里，然而其他人生而为圆梦。
②While I admit that there are prblems， I dn’t agree that they cannt be slved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题解决不了。
③While I was waiting at the bus stp， three buses went by in the ppsite directin.
我在公共汽车站等车时，对向驶过了三辆公共汽车。
归纳拓展
（1）while的用法：
①连接并列分句，表示两种情况的对比，意为“ 然而 ”。
②引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，通常位于主句之前。
③引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”，从句谓语动词通常为延续性动词。
（2）while， althugh， thugh， as引导让步状语从句的区别：
学以致用
（1）选词填空（while/althugh/thugh/as）
①（2019课标全国Ⅰ） Althugh/Thugh/While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D.
②Much as/thugh I admire his pinin, I d nt think it is the pint.
③Music was his true passin, althugh/thugh he had never perfrmed utside the family.
（2）一句多译
④尽管我愿意帮忙，但是我没有多少空闲时间。
While I am willing t help, I d nt have much time available.
= I d nt have much time available, althugh/thugh I am willing t help.
素养达标·迁移创新
见学用9页
Ⅰ.语境填词
根据语境和汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1. I remember giving yu precise （精确的） instructins as t hw t perate the machine.
2. There is n dubt that China has achieved a great breakthrugh （突破） in develping rural educatin.
3. The pictures n the leaflet shw that the facilities n the campsite were very primitive （简陋的）.
4. Qi Baishi is a famus painter in ur cuntry and his paintings are realistic （逼真的）.
5. It is well knwn t all that in ancient China businessmen usually had a lw scial rank （地位）.
6. It is nble （高尚的） f yu t spend all yur weekends helping the ld flk.
7. Scial wrkers must always cnsider the best interests f their clients （客户）.
8. The applicatin f three dimensins （维度） has prmted the develpment f techniques in making the mvie.
9. There are many ways t express thughts and ideas-music, acting, phtgraphy （摄影） and s n.
10. These skills were passed n t subsequent （随后的） generatins.
11. We shuld analyze subjective （主观的） and bjective causes cncerning anxiety f the fellws.
12. His inner cnflict is related t struggles in the uter （外部的） wrld.
Ⅱ.语境选词
根据语境用方框内短语的正确形式填空。
in particular; set…apart frm; be fnd f; build upn; turn t; cncentrate n; as a result; as well
1. Her humrus speech and decent dressing set her apart frm ther candidates.
2. Peple have better access t health care than they used t, and as a result they’re living lnger.
3. D yu knw that English speakers als enjy ther frms f Asian petry-Tang petry frm China in particular ?
4. Our peaceful life is built upn the devtin f many great peple wh risked their lives t prtect us.
5. After he left university, he became a teacher, but later turned t astrnmy.
6. Mre and mre yung peple are fnd f cnveying their feelings n the blg.
7. Participating in this club helps us t learn mre abut drama, and develp ur self-cnfidence and cultural qualities as well .
8. As graduatin appraches, instead f lsing urselves in the sadness f parting, we shuld cncentrate mre n ur hpes fr a bright future.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
There 1. （be） s many different styles f Western art ver the centuries. Here, let’s lk at the brief intrductin f Western painting.
During the Middle Ages, the main aim f painters was 2. （present） religius themes. Their wrks were ften primitive and tw-dimensinal. This 3. （gradual） changed in the 13th century with a painter, whse paintings are set apart frm thers by their realistic human faces and deep 4. （emtin） impact. During the Renaissance, new ideas and values slwly replaced 5. （that） held in the Middle Ages. Painters began t cncentrate less n religin and adpt a mre humanistic attitude 6. life. Sme influential painters such as Lenard da Vinci and Michelangel prduced sme f the greatest wrks 7. Eurpe had ever seen. With time ging by, great changes tk place in sciety and these changes 8. （lead） t new painting styles. There fllwed Impressinism, and sme famus artists als emerged in this perid. After Impressinism, subsequent artists began t ask what art is. Sme gave 9. （they） paintings a realistic but dream-like quality while thers turned t abstract art. Maybe, n ne can predict 10. painting styles will be like in the future.
1. have been
2. t present
3. gradually
4. emtinal
5. thse
6. t/twards
7. that
8. led
9. their
10. what主题学习目标
通过本单元学习初步了解各种艺术形式和风格，了解各时代代表性画家以及他们的作品，培养对艺术的兴趣。
语言能力目标
核心单词
precisely, realistic, primitive, dimensin, influential, reputatin, nble, rank, purchase,
client, emerge, subjective, subsequent, fnd, sculpture, visual, pnd, investment, bride,
permanent, memrial, humble, criticise, representative, symphny, decline, exhibitin,
vase, entry, civil, recgnitin, expansin, guarante, cntemprary, wrthy
重点词块
in particular, set apart frm, be fnd f, fine art, bring. . . t life, be wrthy f
单元语法
动词不定式（短语）作表语
写作能力
根据本单元所学知识能够写一篇语言简洁、结构清晰的艺术展览通知。
教材原文
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
What is Western art? It is hard t give a precise definitin. As there have been s many different styles f Western art, it is impssible t describe them all in a shrt text. Perhaps the best way t understand Western art is t lk at the develpment f Western painting ver the centuries.
The Middle Ages （frm the 5th t the 15th century）
During the Middle Ages, the purpse f Western art was t teach peple abut Christianity. Thus, artists were nt interested in painting realistic scenes. Their wrks were ften primitive and tw-dimensinal, and the main characters were ften made much larger than everyne else t shw their imprtance. This began t change in the 13th century with Gitt di Bndne （1267-1337）. While his paintings still had religius themes, they shwed real peple in a real envirnment. In particular, his paintings are set apart frm ther paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emtinal impact.
The Renaissance （frm the 14th t the 17th century）
New ideas and values gradually replaced ld nes frm the Middle Ages. As a result, painters cncentrated less n religius themes. They began t adpt a mre humanistic attitude t life. An imprtant breakthrugh during this perid was the use f perspective by Masacci （1401-1428）. Influential painters such as Lenard da Vinci （1452-1519）, Michelangel （1475-1564）, and Raphael （1483-1520） built upn Gitt and Masacci’s innvatins t prduce sme f the greatest art that Eurpe had ever seen.
Anther innvatin was the use f il paints. With their deep clurs and realism, sme f the best il paintings lk like phtgraphs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used il, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt （1606-1669）, wh gained a reputatin as a master f shadw and light.
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted frm religius themes t peple and the wrld arund us. Kings, nbles, and peple f high rank wanted t purchase accurate pictures f themselves and the peple they lved. Others wanted paintings shwing imprtant histrical events r stries frm mythlgy. Finally, mst clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting t lk at.
Impressinism （late 19th t early 20th century）
The develpment f Western art slwed until the inventin f phtgraphy in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were n lnger needed t preserve what peple and the wrld lked like. Hence, painters had t find a new way f lking at their art. Frm this, Impressinism emerged in France. The name f this new mvement came frm the painting by Claude Mnet （1840-1926） called Impressin, Sunrise. In this wrk, Mnet’s aim was t cnvey the light and mvement in the scene-the subjective impressin the scene gave him-but nt a detailed recrd f the scene itself.
While many Impressinists painted scenes f nature r daily life, thers, such as Renir （1841-1919）, fcused n peple. Unlike the cld, black-and-white phtgraphs f that time perid, Renir’s paintings are full f light, shadw, clur, and life. He sught t shw nt just the uter image f his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
Mdern Art （frm the 20th century t tday）
After Impressinism, subsequent artists began t ask, “What d we d next?” Painters such as Picass （1881-1973） tried t analyse the shapes which existed in the natural wrld but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still thers turned t abstract art. What they attempted t d was n lnger shw reality, but instead t ask the questin, “What is art?”
教材译文
西方绘画简史
什么是西方艺术？很难给出一个准确的定义。由于西方艺术的风格迥异，用一篇简短的文章把它们都描述出来是不可能的。也许了解西方艺术的最好方法就是看看几个世纪以来西方绘画的发展历程。
中世纪（5至15世纪）
在中世纪，西方艺术旨在向人们宣传有关基督教的知识。因此，艺术家们对描绘写实的场景并不感兴趣。他们的作品通常较为原始且二维化，主体人物往往被塑造得比其他人大很多，以此来彰显他们的重要性。13世纪, 随着乔托·迪·邦多纳（1267—1337）的出现，这种情况开始发生变化。虽然他的画作仍然有宗教主题，但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人物面貌和深刻的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。
文艺复兴时期（14至17世纪）
新的观念和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的旧观念和价值观。因此，画家们对宗教题材的关注变少了。他们开始对生活采取更具人文主义的态度。这一时期的一个重要突破就是马萨乔（1401—1428）对透视法的运用。一些颇具影响力的画家，例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇（1452—1519）、米开朗基罗（1475—1564）和拉斐尔（1483—1520）, 在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展，创作出了欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。
另一个创新是油画颜料的使用。因其深邃的色彩和现实主义风格，一些最好的油画看起来宛如照片。尽管早在达·芬奇时期，画家们就已经开始使用油彩绘画了，但这种技艺被伦勃朗（1606—1669）运用到了极致，他被誉为“光影大师”。
在题材上，重心逐渐从宗教主题转移到了我们周围的人和世界上。国王、贵族和地位很高的人都想购买自己和他们所爱之人的写实画像。还有人则想要能够描绘重要的历史事件或神话故事的画作。最后，大多数客户都想要看起来漂亮且有趣的画作。
印象派（19世纪末至20世纪初）
西方艺术的发展开始放缓，直到19世纪中叶摄影术的发明。在那之后，人们不再需要绘画来保存人类和世界的面貌了。因此，画家们不得不寻找一种新的方式来看待他们的艺术。印象派由此在法国兴起。这一新运动的名字来自克劳德·莫奈（1840—1926）名为《日出·印象》的画作。在这幅作品中，莫奈试图表达场景中的光线和变化，这是场景给他的主观印象，而不是对场景本身的详细记录。
虽然许多印象派画家描绘的是自然或日常生活的场景，但是其他人，如雷诺阿（1841—1919），则专注于（描绘）人。与那个时期冷色调的黑白照片不同，雷诺阿的绘画充满了光影和色彩，极具生命力。他在展现他笔下人物的外在形象之余，也力图呈现他们内在的温暖和人性。
现代艺术（20世纪至今）
继印象派之后，后来的艺术家们开始问：“我们接下来该做什么呢？”以毕加索（1881—1973）为代表的画家们试图用一种新方法——立体主义——分析自然界中存在的各种形状。另一些画家则赋予了他们的画作一种现实但梦幻般的质感。还有一些人转向了抽象艺术。他们不再致力于展示现实，而是提出问题：“什么是艺术？
句型公式
It is+adj.+(fr/f sb.) t d sth.
教材原句
It is hard t give a precise definitin. 很难给出一个准确的定义。
中文例句
带礼物去参加乔迁派对是传统。
句式仿写
It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
句型公式
what 引导名词性从句
教材原句
After that, paintings were n lnger needed t preserve what peple and the wrld lked like. 在那之后，人们不再需要绘画来保存人类和世界的面貌了。
中文例句
我们得不到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。
句式仿写
What we can’t get seems better than what we wn.
A SHORT HISTORY OF
WESTERN PAINTING
Age
Characteristics
Artists
The Midle Ages (frm the 5th t the 15th century)
●religius themes
●1. primitive
●tw-dimensinal
●the main characters weremuch
2. larger than everyne else
●a mre
Gitt di Bndne
The Renaisance (frm the 14th t the 17th century)
3. humanistic atitude t life
●the use f 4. perspective
●the use f il paints
●emphasize
5. peple and the
6. wrld arundus
7. Masaci ;
Lenard da Vinci;
Michelangel;
Raphael;
8. Rembrandt
Impresinism (late 19th t 9. early20th -century )
●cnvey the
10. light and
11. mvement in the scene
●paint scenes f
12. nature r
13. daily life
●sme painters fcus n
14. peple
15. Claude Mnet ; Renir
16. Mdern Art (frm the 20th century t tday)
●analyse the shapes in a new way
●a realistic but
17. dream-like quality
●sme turned t
18. abstract art
Picas
as a result
“因此；结果”，是介词短语，常作状语，使用时其前常有一个表示原因的句子
as a result
“因此；结果”，是介词短语，常作状语，使用时其前常有一个表示原因的句子
as a result f
“因为；由于”，是介词短语，后面接名词、代词、动名词或what引导的宾语从句
区别
例句
while
引导让步状语从句时，多位于句首，且从句不用倒装语序。
While I agree with yu， I d nt think that yur way is the best. 虽然我同意你（的说法），但我不认为你的方法是最好的。
althugh
引导让步状语从句时，从句不用倒装语序。
Althugh he is still a child， he has already taken the respnsibility f taking care f his family. 尽管他还是个孩子，但他已经承担起了照顾家庭的责任。
thugh
引导让步状语从句时，从句可以倒装也可以不倒装，用倒装语序时，常把表语、状语、实义动词提前。
Thugh his clthes were ld and wrn， they lked clean and f gd quality. 他的衣服虽然很旧，但看上去干干净净，质地很好。
as
引导让步状语从句时，从句要用部分倒装，常把从句中的表语、状语或谓语中的实义动词提前。
Exhausted as they were， they were full f a sense f achievement because they succeeded in cmpleting the prject n time. 他们虽然很累，但是充满了成就感，因为他们成功地按时完成了该项目。